백혈병 세포에서 Multidrug Resistance Gene-1 (mdr1)의 과발현이 ^99m Tc-sestaMIBI 섭취에 미치는 영향

천경아,이재태,이상우,강도영,손상균,이종기,정준기,전수한,이규보 경북대학교 의학연구소 2000 경북대학교병원의학연구소논문집 Vol.4 No.1

Purpose: To determine whether 99mTc-MIBI is recognized by the multidrug resistant P-glycoprotein (Pgp), we have measured quantitatively 99mTc-MIBI uptake in cancer cells. The effects of various Pgp reversing agents on cellular 99mTc-MIBI uptake were also investigated in the presence of multidrug resistance gene-1(mdr1 gene) overexpression. Materisls and Methods: We measured percentage uptake of 99mTc-MIBI at different incubation temperatures both in mdr1 positive and negative cells. The effects of verapamil, cyclosporin, and dipyridamole on cellular uptake of 99mTc-MIBI were also evaluated with or withouts overexpression of mdr1 gene in Cultured murine leukemia L1210 cells. Results: The mdr1 gene expressing cell lines were effectively induced in in vitro with continuous application of low-dose adriamycin or vincristine. Cellular uptake of 99mTc-MIBI was higher in mdr1 negative L 1210 cells than those of mdr1 positive cells, and higher when incubated in 37℃ than 4℃. In the presence of verapamil, cyclosporin or dipyridamole, 99mTc-MIBI uptake was increased upto 604% in mdr1 positive cells. Conclusion: Cellular uptake of 99mTc-MIBI is lower in leukemia cells over-expressing mdr1 gene, and MDR-reversing agents increase cellular uptake. These results suggest that 99mTc-MIBI can be used for characterizing Pgp expression and developing MDR-reversing agents in vitro. (Korean J Nucl Med 1999;33: 152-62)

한국비서자격시험의 개선점과 비교연구

남자현,이미정,이미영,이아영,정해금,최유정,이미숙,전인선,정혜림 이화여자대학교 법정대학 비서학과 1997 비서학연구 Vol.- No.17

한국인 직무 스트레스 측정도구의 개발 및 표준화

장세진,고상백,강동묵,김성아,강명근,이철갑,정진주,조정진,손미아,채창호,김정원,김정일,김형수,노상철,박재범,우종민,김수영,김정연,하미나,박정선,이경용,김형렬,공정옥,김인아,김정수,박준호,현숙정,손동국 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Background and Purposes: Over the past three decades, numerous studies performed in Korea have reported that job stress is a determinant risk factor for chronic diseases and work disability. Every society has its own culture and occupational climate particular to their organizations, and hence experiences different occupational stress. An occupational stress measurement tool therefore needs to be developed to estimate it objectively. The purpose of this study is to develop and standardize the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS) which is considered to be unique and specific occupational stressors in Korean employees. Subjects and Methods: Data were obtained from the National Study for Development and Standardization of Occupational Stress (NSDSOS Project: 2002-2004). A total of 12,631 employees from a nationwide sample proportional to the Korean Standard Industrial Classification and the Korean Standard Occupational Classification were administered. The KOSS was developed for 2 years (2002-2004). In the first year, we collected 255 items from the most popular job stress measurement tools such as JCQ, ERI, NIOSH and OSI, and 44 items derived from the a qualitative study (depth interview). Forty-three items of KOSS, in the second year, were retained for use in the final version of the KOSS by using Delphi and factor analysis. Items were scored using conventional 1-2-3-4 Likert scores for the response categories. Results: We developed eight subscales by using factor analysis and validation process: physical environment (3 items), job demand (8 items), insufficient job control (5 items), interpersonal conflict (4 items), job insecurity (6 items), organizational system (7 items), lack of reward (6 items), and occupational climate (4 items). Together they explained 50.0% of total variance. Internal consistency alpha scores were ranged from 0.51 to 0.82. Twenty-four items of the short form of the KOSS (KOSS-SF) were also developed to estimate job stress in the work setting. Because the levels of the subscales of occupational stress were gender dependent, gender-specific standard norms for both the 43-item full version and the 24-item short form using a quartile for the subscales of KOSS were presented. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that KOSS might be an appropriate measurement scale to estimate occupational stress of Korean employees. Further and more detailed study needs to be conducted to improve the validity of this scale.

In vivo study for the hemostatic efficacy and foreign body reaction of a new powder-type polysaccharide hemostatic agent

Yoonhyeong Byun,Eun Jin Kim,Areum Lee,Young-Ah Suh,Hee Ju Sohn,Jung Min Lee,Jae Seung Kang,Yoo Jin Choi,Youngmin Han,Hongbeom Kim,Wooil Kwon,Jin-Young Jang 대한외과학회 2022 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.102 No.2

Purpose: Various hemostatic agents have been introduced in therapy as postoperative bleeding is a poor prognostic factor for postoperative outcomes. These products can be divided into those that directly promote the hemostatic cascade and those that physically form a barrier by absorbing blood. The latter, powder-type hemostatic agents have the advantages of being inexpensive and more absorbable with less foreign body reactions (FBRs) and are applicable to a relatively wide area. This study was conducted to verify the safety and efficacy of a newly invented polysaccharide product (OOZFIX, Theracion Biomedical), which improves blood absorption and hemostatic effects. Methods: Two separate animal experiments were performed. The first evaluated FBRs histologically at 3 days, 2 weeks, and 4 weeks, after implantation of OOZFIX in rats, and the second compared hemostatic performance of OOZFIX and Arista AH (Bard) in the porcine liver punch biopsy model. Results: We found minimal FBRs in the 3-day group and no reactions in both the 2-week and 4-week groups after implantation of hemostatic agents. The time to hemostasis of OOZFIX was not significantly different from that of Arista AH (median [interquartile range]: 9 [6–10] minutes vs. 8 [6–10] minutes, respectively; P = 0.522). When comparing the serial bleeding grade tendency, there was no statistical difference between OOZFIX and Arista AH (P = 0.656). Conclusion: OOZFIX caused a minimal FBR that disappeared within 2 weeks in vivo, and its hemostatic performance was comparable with that of an existing agent, Arista AH. Further clinical studies are required in the future.

Predicting postoperative total calcium requirements after parathyroidectomy in secondary hyperparathyroidism

( Byung Heon Kang ),( Soon Young Hwang ),( Jeong Yeop Kim ),( Yu Ah Hong ),( Mi Yeon Jung ),( Eun Ah Lee ),( Ji Eun Lee3 ),( Jae Bok Lee ),( Gang Jee Ko ),( Heui Jung Pyo ),( Young Joo Kwon ) 대한내과학회 2015 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.30 No.6

Background/Aims: To prevent hypocalcemia after parathyroidectomy (PTX), parenteral calcium is required in addition to oral calcitriol and calcium. After switching to oral calcium, patients can be discharged from the hospital. The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical characteristics and outcomes of PTX performed at a single Korean center and to investigate the associated laboratory factors used to analyze the total amount of postoperative calcium required. Methods: We enrolled 91 hemodialysis patients undergoing PTX from November 2003 to December 2011. We collected clinical and laboratory data preoperatively, 12 and 48 hours postoperatively, at discharge, and 3 and 6 months postoperatively. Results: In total, 59 patients underwent PTX with autotransplantation (AT), 6 underwent total PTX without AT, 11 underwent subtotal PTX, and 15 underwent limited PTX. Total PTX without AT showed the lowest recurrence rate. At all postoperative time points, the mean levels of serum calcium, phosphorus, and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) decreased significantly, compared with preoperative levels; however, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) increased significantly from 48 hours postoperatively to discharge (p < 0.001). On multiple linear regression analysis, the total amount of injected calcium during hospitalization showed a significant correlation with preoperative ALP (p < 0.001), preoperative iPTH (p = 0.037), and Δphosphorus at 48 hours (p < 0.001). We developed an equation for estimating the total calcium requirement after PTX. Conclusions: Preoperative ALP, preoperative iPTH, and Δphosphorus at 48 hours may be significant factors in estimating the postoperative calcium requirement. The formula for postoperative calcium requirement after PTX may help to predict the duration of postoperative hospitalization.

고무 밴드 자극과 범실횟수 기억이 탁구선수의 범실 줄이기에 미치는 효과

이에리사,이경선,성정아 용인대학교 국제스포츠과학연구원 체육과학연구소 2008 體育科學硏究論叢 Vol.18 No.1

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of rubber band stimulation on the wrist and memorization of frequency of errors on reducing errors. The subjects were three table tennis players in a University. An alternating treatments design, one of single subject design was employed in order to examine the effect of two treatments. The following conclusion was drawn based on the results and discussion; the rubber band stimulation on the wrist and memorization of frequency of errors during training had a little influence partially on reducing players' errors. But taken as a whole, it can be said to have no effects in reducing errors. When applying error-reduction program to players, levels of technique, skill, mental maturity, and preference should be considered.

산업보건관리자를 위한 소음성 난청 예방지침서의 개발

이원철,유경혜,장성실,이세훈,구정완,김현욱,노영만,이경재,김형아 가톨릭 대학 산업의학 쎈타 산업의학연구소 1996 韓國의 産業醫學 Vol.35 No.1

Occupational hearing loss became the leading occupational disease by constioution 56% of all work-related diseases in Korea. However, the prevalance rates showed wide variations among the specific medical examination providers and were very low(0.8-1.4%) compared with those 8.4% in Japan. The sources of these variations was regarded in the preview study as 1) Employee audometric estings were primarily conducted by nurses and nurse-aids who had no formal training for audiometry; 2) althought audiometric testing equipment used by the spedific medical examination providers, it should be periodically calibrated, a significant number of them were not properly calibrated : 3) Initial audiometric testings were conducted at any available spaces in workplace or at the testing room without considering bachground noise level. One of solutions that can be done for sloving surrent noise related problems is to provide a noise related manual for the occupational health managers including doctors, nurses and hyginests. This study was done to provide such a manual. The main core of the manual was hearing conservation program. And the contents of the manual was the same as the main frame of hearing conservation program such as noise survey, provided of the diagram showing the core contents of each factor of the hearing conservation program. Hopefully, this manual will be the references of the standardized performances of the specific medical examination providers.

열공성 뇌경색과 뇌내출혈의 위험인자 비교

이장준,이현아,최종환,이형,임정근,이상도,박영춘 계명대학교 의과학연구소 2000 계명의대학술지 Vol.19 No.2

Cerebral small vessel disease is the most important cause of lacunar infarction (LI) and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). It is generally postulated that, in its early stages, the vascular lesion engenders vessel wall fragility and ICH. But if rupture dose not occur, segmental vessel occlusion evolves, producing LI. It may be a common aging phenomenon that is exacerbated by hypertension and diabetes mellitus. This study was performed to evaluate risk factors of LI and ICH. We reviewed retrospectively the medical records of 690 patients (254 LI, 436 ICH) with stroke who were admitted to Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center from January 1995 to December 1998. The major risk factors including age, sex, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and several minor risk factors were analyzed in these patients. Older age (p<0.01), male sex(p<0.01), hypertension with treatment(p<0.01), hypertension with long duration(p<0.01) and hypertriglyceridemia(p<0.01), cigarette smoking(p<0.01) were significantly more frequent in LI. Younger age(p<0.01), female sex(p<0.01) and hypertension without treatment(p<0.01), hypertension with short duration(p<0.01) were more frequent in ICH. The prevalence, duration and treatment of diabetes mellitus were not different between these two groups. This study show that the age, sex, treatment of hypertension, duration of hypertension and cigarette smoking seem to be significant risk factors between LI and ICH.

20세기 초 현대 미술이 비쥬얼 커뮤니케이션 디자인 (Visual communication design)에 끼친 영향에 관한 연구 : 입체파를 중심으로

이정아,장순석 동덕여자대학교 디자인 연구소 2001 디자인포럼21 Vol.4 No.-

현대 미술은 과거의 어떠한 모습들과도 다르게 전개되었다. 과거의 모습과는 완전히 단절된 모습을 보여주며 새로운 방향으로 나아갔다. 이러한 20세기의 현대 미술은 시각예술의 중심이 미술에서의 공리성을 중요하게 여기는 것으로 바뀌며 그것이 비쥬얼 커뮤니케이션 디자인으로 발전하게 되었다. 그리고, 이제 또 다른 새로운 시대의 시작에 있는 지금 그들이 보여준 변화에 대한 대처 모습들은 앞으로 디자인이 어떠한 방향으로 나아갈 것인가에 대해서도 말해준다. 결국, 그들이 생각했고 나타내려 했던 것에 중심에는 인간이 있었다 또한 테크놀로지가 발달하고 글로벌화된 시대인 지금에도 역시 인간이 그 중심에 있다. 더불어 디자인이 추구하는 "새로움" 역시 변치 않았으며 아이디어와 컨셉을 시각적인 형태로 옮기고 정보에 질서를 부여하는 비쥬얼 커뮤니케이션의 본질은 원시시대부터 지금까지 이어져 오고 있다. 20세기 초반과 21세기를 시작하는 현재의 모습은 너무도 닮아있다. 그 상황이 전개 되는 것은 각각 틀리지만, 많은 정치적, 경제적, 사회적 변화 속에 있는 것은 같은 모습을 하고 있는 것이다. 이와 같은 혼란 속에서 문화는 더욱 중요하고 예술은 문화를 윤택하게 하고 생활을 풍요롭게 아름답게 만든다. 예술은 새로운 매체를 통하여 새롭게 태어났고 비쥬얼 커뮤니케이션 디자인은 20세기 초까지 미술이 했던 역할을 수행하며 발전하였다. 그러나, 그럼에도 불구하고 20세기 초에 일어났던 현대미술과 비쥬얼 커뮤니케이션 디자인은 우리에게 교훈이 되고 있다. 산업혁명 이후에 인류에게 가장 큰 디지털 혁명의 시대가 되었다. 새로운 디지털 시대에 맞는 비쥬얼 커뮤니케이션 디자인으로 발전되는 모습을 찾고 또 앞으로 다가올 새로운 또 다른 시대에 오래도록 남을 수 있는 비쥬얼 커뮤니케이션 디자인이 무엇인가를 20세기 초반의 모습을 살펴서 미래의 모습까지 투영해 보고 디자인이 나아갈 방향을 살펴본다. The modern arts early in the 20th century developed differently from any other form of the past. It marched toward a new direction, showing extremely broken appearance from the past. In this modern arts, the focus of visual arts changed to regard utility in arts important, which developed into a visual communication design. Among the various trends of arts early in the 20th century, especially cubism, futurism, dadaism, surrealism, and constructionism have developed centering around do stijl, laying emphasis on the art`s utilitarian aspect in human life. The prior style of them had influence on the posterior one another, assuming to reverse the thoughts like the social appearance in the 20th century. They also influenced on the current visual communication design, and these characteristics are closely related to the social phenomenon. In particular, since design is contacting the object 'consumer' at the nearest place, it cannot develop nor change if it neglects the social phenomenon. Like this, the visual communication design early in the 20th century suffered from the World War I and II, and developed in the vortex of political circumstances and values and chaos. The modern senses they showed have taken effect to us who are living in the 21st century to the full until now. And now when we are preparing another new millenium, their coping with the changes are guiding the direction to which the design should advance in the future. In the long run, there was a human being in the center of their thoughts and intentions. In addition, even now when technology has developed and globalized, there`s a human being in the center. Also the "newness" what the design pursues does not change the essence of visual communication which conveys idea and concept into a visual form and endows information with order from the primitive days until now. The appearances of that time early in the 20th century and now in the 21st century are much alike. Though the situation which has been unfolded is different each other, they assume a same appearance in lots of political, economical and social changes. In this chaos, culture becomes more important and art makes the culture more plentiful and life more affluent and beautiful. Art is born again through new medium and the visual communication design has performed the role which was played by the art until early in the 20th century. Nonetheless, the modern art and visual offers us instruction. It became an era of largest digital revolution to human kind Since the Industrial Revolution. Thus, this thesis aims at defining for the visual communication design which will fit for another new era to come and investigating the design`s way to go by projecting its appearance in the future.

고령 장애인의 일(WORK) 경험과 욕구에 관한 연구 : 뇌병변 장애를 중심으로

이효성,김근아,김태연,오정은 한국장애인고용촉진공단 고용개발원 2007 장애와 고용 Vol.17 No.2

본 연구의 목적은 고령이면서 장애를 동시에 경험하고 있는 고령 장애인들의 일 경험과 욕구에 관한 특성을 당사자의 관점에서 이해하는 것이다. 이러한 목적을 달성하기 위해 50세 이상 뇌병변장애인 13명을 대상으로 일 경험과 욕구에 관한 개방형식의 질문으로 심층 인터뷰를 실시하여 그 결과를 분석함으로써 고령 장애인 당사자의 일 경험과 욕구에 대한 심층적 이해와 현상의 의미를 깊이 있게 파악하고자 하였다. 분석결과, 고령 뇌병변장애인들은 일을 하고자 하는 높은 욕구를 가지고 있으며 일을 통해 삶의 의미와 보람을 찾고자 하나 현실적으로는 장애와 고령, 그리고 만성질환자라는 삼중고 속에서 “일하기” 에 상당한 제약을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과는 지금까지 고용정책에서 소외되었던 고령 장애인의 ‘일’ 에 관한 정책적 개입의 필요성을 강력하게 시사해 주고 있다. The purpose of this study is to understand the characteristics of the experiences and needs for work of aged people with disabilities who experience both old age and disability from their viewpoint. To this end, this study conducted in-depth interviews with 13 people aged 50 or older with encephalopathic disabilities by open-ended questions regarding their experiences and needs for work, and analyzed the results so as to more deeply understand the experiences and needs for work of aged people with disabilities as well as the implications of the present situation. The analysis results showed that aged people with disabilities have high needs for work and try to find the meaning and worth of life through work, but in reality face considerable limitations to ‘working’ in the triple handicaps of disability, old age, and chronic disease. The results of this study strongly suggest the need for policy intervention in the ‘work’ of aged people with disabilities who have been neglected by employment policies until now.