18–30세 사이에 발생하는 뇌경색의 특징, 다기관 레지스트리 연구

장윤경,송태진,김용재,허지회,이경열,김영은,장민욱,조수진,강석윤 이화여자대학교 의과학연구소 2017 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.40 No.3

Objectives: Although there have been several reports that described characteristics for young age stroke, information regarding very young age (18–30 years old) has been limited. We aimed to analyze demographic factors, stroke subtype, and 3-month outcome in acute ischemic stroke patient who have relatively very young age in multicenter stroke registry. Methods: We evaluated all 122 (7.1%) consecutive acute ischemic stroke (within 7 days after symptom onset) patients aged 18 to 30 from 17,144 patients who registered in multicenter prospective stroke registry, 1997 to 2012. Etiology was classified by Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment criteria. Stroke severity was defined as National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and stroke outcome was defined by modified Rankin scale (mRS) at 3 months after index stroke. Results: The mean age of all included patients was 25.1±3.7 years and 76 patients (62.2%) were male. The median NIHSS at admission was 4. Considering stroke subtype, 37 patients (30.3%) had stroke of other determined etiology (SOD), 37 (30.3%) had undetermined negative evaluation (UN) and 31 (25.4%) had cardioembolism (CE) were frequently noted. After adjusting age, sex and variables which had P<0.1 in univariable analysis (NIHSS and stroke subtype), CE stroke subtype (odds ratio, 4.68; 95% confidence interval, 1.42–15.48; P=0.011) were significantly associated with poor functional outcome (mRS≥3). Conclusion: In very young age ischemic stroke patients, SOD and UN stroke subtype were most common and CE stroke subtype was independently associated with poor discharge outcome.

松雪體 流入 背景에 관한 小考

송수영(Song Soo- Young) 한국서예학회 2004 서예학연구 Vol.5 No.-

조맹부 (1254-1322) 는 南宋 황실의 후손이다. 원 세조가 “한나라 법으로 한나라 땅을 다스린다”는 원칙아래 강남의 유학자들을 적극적으로 포섭할 때에 가장 중요한 인물로 발탁되어 출사하였다. 그는 이미 吳興八俊으로 정평이 나있었고, 경제 . 유학 . 음악 . 詩. 書 . 畵 . 文 등 다방면에 재능을 갖춘 인재였기 때문이다. 원 세조의 漢文化(한 나라의 문화) 교육정책에 의해 학습된 인종은 중국역사상 가장 중요한 女子收藏家인 누나 노국대장공주와 함께 조맹부를 신임하였다. 한편 인종의 太子太師였던 충선왕은 당시의 名士인 요수 . 소구 . 염복 . 홍화 . 조맹부 . 원명선 . 장양호 등을 많이 천거하여 宮官이 되게 하였다. 이러한 영향으로 조맹부는 5代의 황제를 모시는 동안 인종대에 가장 重任되었다. 고려말의 송설체 유입과정에서 가장 핵심적인 역할을 한 사람은 충선왕이라고 할 수 있다. 충선왕은 숙왕에게 왕위를 계승한 후 燕京에 만권당을 짓고, 원의 大儒들과 고려의 名土들이 교유하게 함으로 송설체가 고려에 유입되는데 기반을 마련하였다. 한편 충선왕은 불사활동에도 적극 참여하였다. 이는 정동행성의 문제와 같이 어려운 일이 있을 때마다 황후나 태후들에게 의지하였는데, 그들이 광신적인 불교도였기 때문이다. 특히 강남 불교 임제종의 領抽인 中峰明本에게 귀의한 조맹부의 영향으로 충선왕도 제자의 예를 갖추게 되고, 강남 불교를 적극 지원하게된다. 이 과정에서 大藏經이나 金銀字寫經등의 기증이 많았다 . 이들 불경을 書寫하는데 송설체가 영향을 주었다. 현존하는 충선왕대에 발원한 국왕발원사경의 서체는 송설체이다. 이로부터 고려사경 서체는 송설체로 대체되었다. 뿐만 아니라 충선왕이 연정에 세웠던 만권당은 송설체의 유입과정에서 매우 중요한 역할을 하였다. 만권당은 외적으로는 학문과 예술을 표방한 문화교류의 거점이었다. 여기에서 조맹부와 교유하여 송설체의 대가가 된 이들은 이제현.이암.이강 등 이 있다, 특히 이암은 “우리 나라에서 조맹부 필법의 정신을 얻은자는 행촌 이암 한 사람뿐이다”고 일컬어 질 만큼 송설체의 대가였다. 금석문 등에서는 여전히 소식. 채양 등과 같은 북송대 서풍이 남아있긴 하지만 이제현.이암.이강 등의 송설체 대가를 배 출 하고, 사경서풍에서도 송설체가 정착되면서, 조선시대에 안평대군과 같은 송설체의 대가가 탄생하는 초석을 다졌다. 안평대군이 소장한 조맹부의 작품들은 모두 노국 대장공주가 만권당으로부터 들여와서 왕실에 수장되었던 자료들로 여겨진다. 따라서 조선전반기에 송설체가 풍미하게 된 것은 모두 충선왕의 공이라 하겠다. 여말 송설체의 유입과정에서 우리가 현재의 거울로 삼아야 할 부분은 바로 원세조의 한문화정책과 충선왕의 정책이다. 원 세 조는 한족을 다스리기 위해서는 한족의 문화를 장악해야 한다는 것을 알았다. 따라서 몰락한 남송의 정치.문화의 핵심인물인 조맹부를 선택했다. 충선왕도 정치적으로는 원의 지배하에서 고려왕으로서의 강력한 힘을 발휘하지는 못했으나, 이를 극복의 방법으로 문화를 선택하였다 충선왕이 선택한 문화가 강남의 한족문화였고, 그 문화의 대표적인 인물이 조맹부였다. 따라서 원의 한문화정책과 조맹부, 충선왕의 역사적 상황이 송설체가 고려에 유입되고 뿌리내리게 된 근본적인 이유가 되었다고 하겠다. After establisment of the Yuan dynasty that was the very first unified and conquering dynasty in China. Koryo 、vas in humiliating situation. Nevertheless, this period was a great harvesting season in the history of Korean calligraphy. That is just an inflow of Songsul style. So that, I intend to study on the background of Songsul style’s inflow with focusing on King Choong Sun and Man Kweon Dang. Cho Maeng Boo (1 254-1322) was a descent of the South Song’s imperial family. He was selected the most important person and entered government service when Yuan King Se Jo pull a confucianist in Kangnam into his side actively. Already, he had the reputation of one of the most distinguishing 8 persons in Oheung province. And he was an outstanding man in economy, Confucianism, music, poet, calligraphy, painting, literature , etc. King In Jong who has been under the influence of Yuan King Se Jo’s educational policy on Han's culture had trust Cho Maeng Boo with princess No Kook Dae Jang who was the most important woman collector throughout the Chinese history. On the other hand, King Choong Sun who was the great teacher of Yuan King In Jong, made Yo Soo, So Goo, Yoem Bok, Hong Hwa, Cho Maeng Boo, Won Myong Sun, Jang Yang Ho, and so on, to be a official in the palace. For this reason, Cho Maeng Boo took a heavy trust in King 1n Jong's period serving 5 generation’s Emperor. King Choong Sun was the core person on the process of Songsul style’s inflow. AIter abdicating the throne to King Choong Sook, he made Man Kweon Dang, and kept interchange the Yuan’s great confucianists with the Koryo’s notables. It was to be a foundation on the inflow of Songsul style. Besides, he participated in the Buddhist services, actively. Under the influence of Cho Maeng Boo who was converted to Joong Bong Myong Bon, the head of Kang Nam Buddhism, Lim Je. King Choong Sun supported Kang Nam Buddhism, ac tively. 1n this process, there are many dona ti on such as Dae Jang Kyung, gold or silver written Sa Kyung, etc. Songsul style had the influence on making a copy of it. Hand writing s tyle originated in the period of King Choong Sun was the Songsul style. From this time on, the style of Koryo Sa Kyung was replaced with the Songsul style. Man Kweon Dang was the key position of cultural in terchange standing for a scholar ship and art , externally. ln this place, there were Lee Jae Hyun, Lee Am, Lee Kang, etc. who were the master of the Songsul style keeping company with Cho Maeng Boo. Especially, Lee am was the great master on the Songsul style so that he was reputed to be "There are only one person who get the spirit of Cho Maeng Boo’s Calligraphic style". Even though in such as Keum Suk Moon. style of North Song remained, master of the Songsul style JS Lee Jae Hyun, Lee Am, Lee Kang, etc. were come forth, this period was the corner stone of such as Prince An Pyong being a great master of Songsul style in the Chosun dynasty. lt was thought that works of Cho beng B00 owned by Prince An Pyoung were the collected things 、which were kept in the royal house from Man Kweon Dang by the princess No Kook Dae Jang. Therefore, all it was the services of King Choong Sun that Songsul style was predominant in the early Chosun dynasty. In the lale Koryo dynasty, during the process of Songsul style’s inflow. we should lake a leaf from the Yuan King Se Jo’s policy on Han’s culture and King Choong Sun's policy. Yuan King Se Jo has known the fact the he should command the Han’s culture for ruling over the Han. And he chose Cho Maeng Boo who was the core person of ruined South Song’s politics, culture. King Choong Sun. he could not exert a powerful strength as a King of the Koryo. he chose a culture for overcoming the fact.

Newcastle Disease Virus의 Fusion 단백 유전자의 제한효소분절형태(RELP)의 특이성

장경수,김지영,김석,김태용,송영환,허지연,김현수,송희종,전무형 충남대학교 수의과대학 동물의과학연구소 2001 動物醫科學硏究誌 Vol.9 No.-

To evaluate the specificity of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) fusion (F) protein gene for various NDV strains. F protein genes of NDV CBP-1 isolate, LaSota, B1 and Kyojungwon (KJW) were amplified by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and RFLP were examined. In RT-PCR using F primer sets for 1.7 kb F gene, the amplified products were observed in CBP-1, LaSota and B1 except KJW. However, F2 primer set for 521 bp yielded the amplified bands with all strains. The amplified F genes (1.7 kbp) were treatd with 15 different restriction enzymes to analyze RFLP and the cleavage patterns. CBP-1 showed various cleavage patterns with 8 enzymes, LaSota, with 11 enzymes and B1, with 11 enzymes. According to the cleavage patterns, the physical maps were constructed, and it was found that CBP-1, LaSota and B1 strains had specific cleavage sites with HinfI, XbaI and XhoI. These findings suggest that RFLP are worth applying in the diagnosis and molecular epidemiological studies of Newcastle disease.

Bi계 산화물 초전도체 2212상에 있어서 Bi 자리에 Ge 치환에 따른 초전도 특성

신재수,이민수,최봉수,송승용,송기영 대전산업대학교 반도체기술연구소 2000 半導體技術硏究所報 Vol.2 No.-

고상반응법(solid-state reaction)으로 산화물 초전도체 Bi_2-xGe_xSr_2CaCu_2O_8+8(x=0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5)을 제조하여 치환에 따른 산소량의 변화가 초전도 특성에 미치는 영향에 관하여 조사하였다. 이차 가압(intermediate press) 방법으로 제조한 시편은 온도 폭 △K(온도 임계온도 T_c^on과 영저항 임계온도 T_c^zero와의 차)가 상당히 감소함을 알았으며 80 K 단일상 고용한계는 Ge 치환량이 x<- 0.3영역임을 알았다. 고용한계 영역 내에서 Ge 치환량 x의 증가에 따라 격자상수 c가 감소함을 보였으며, 온셋 임계온도 T_c^on은 증가하였고, 과잉(여분) 샨소량은 감소함을 보였다. Samples with the nominal composition, Bi_2-xGe_xSr_2CaCu_2O_8+8(x=0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5) were prepared by the solid-state reaction method. We have studied the effect of substitution Ge for Bi and investigated the superconducting properties by changing oxygen content with Ge substitution. It was found that temperature difference, △K, between T_c^on and T_c^zero was considerably smaller in the samples prepared by the intermediate pressing method than that in the samples by the solid-state reaction method. We found the solubility limit of Ge to the 80 K single phase, the onset critical temperature T_c^on increased and excess oxygen content decreased with increase of x.

소득작물 전후작지 적응 극단기성 벼 ‘중모 1032’

손영보,이종희,조준현,이지윤,오성환,송유천,박동수,박노봉,김상열,여운상,남민희,권영업 忠北大學校 農業科學硏究所 2015 農業科學硏究 Vol.31 No.2

심부 매복 정중 과잉치 수술 시 마취방법 선택

민수영,송제선,이제호,최형준,손흥규,김성오 大韓小兒齒科學會 2012 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.39 No.1

Supernumerary tooth occurs most frequently at premaxilla area. Followed by mandibular premolar area, mandibular fourth molar area, maxillary paramolar area. Mesiodens are mainly impacted in the palatal area and surgical approach is made at palatal side. The time of surgery remains controversial. In case of inverted or horizontal impacted supernumerary tooth, intraosseous tooth movement and vertical growth of premaxilla makes surgical extraction more difficult. And also the more quantity of removed bone is, the higher degree of difficulty is. Inverted mesiodens of these cases were impacted superior to apex level of adjacent permanent incisor. Although CT examination revealed exact location of impacted tooth, surgical procedure including ostectomy may take a long time more than expected. So, before surgical extraction, it’s need to be considered several factors such as necessity of CT taking, degree of difficulty, direction of surgical approach, necessity of general anesthesia etc. 정중 과잉치(mesiodens)는 대개 상악 절치부에서 발견되며, 주로 구개측에 위치하는 경향이 있다. 정중 과잉치의 자연맹 출 가능성이 관찰되면, 주기적으로 검사하여 구강내로 충분히 맹출한 후에 단순발치를 시행한다. 주기적 검사에서 자연맹출 소견이 보이지 않거나, 형태이상 혹은 맹출방향의 이상으로 구강 내로 자연맹출 할 가능성이 없으면, 수술적 제거방법을 고려 해야 할 것이다. 특히, 인접한 중절치나 측절치의 맹출을 방해하고 있는 상황이 관찰된다면, 빠른 시일 내에 과잉치 제거를 위 한 수술적 방법을 시도하는 것이 타당하다. 한편, 외과적 수술의 시기를 늦추는 것을 고려해야 하는 경우도 있다. 정중과잉치가 인접하여 발육중인 정상 치아의 맹출을 방해하지 않는 경우이다. 이때, 삼차원 CT사진을 촬영하여보면, 과잉치 주변으로 영구절치의 치배가 근접하여 성곽처럼 둘러 싸고 있는 것을 볼 수 있다. 미성숙한 치배가 둘러 싸고 있는 상황에서, 무리하게 과잉치를 제거하려고 시도할 경우 인접 치배 를 손상시킬 가능성을 배제하기 어렵다. 이 점을 고려 한다면, 가급적 인접한 치아의 치근이 보다 발육한 후에 수술을 시도하 는 것이 바람직할 것이다. 초등학교 2학년 이상의 어린이들은 외래에서 국소마취하 제거하는 수술방법에 대개 잘 적응하며 고학년이 될수록 보다 수월해진다. 수술시기를 너무 늦추거나, 과잉치가 너무 늦게 발견된 경우 구개측 심부로 깊이 이동한 것을 볼 수 있다. 때로는 과잉치의 위치가 처음부터 심부에 매복되어 있을 수 있다. 이와 같은 경우, 전신마취방법을 생각해 볼 수 있을 것이다. 본 증례는 상악 정중부의 깊은 부위에 역위 매복된 과잉치를 외래에서 국소마취하에 치료를 시도할 때 관찰되는 문제점을 고찰하였고, 전신마취방법을 결정하기 위한 기준을 제시하였다. 심부 매복된 치아의 외과적 발거시 어린이의 행동조절이 가장 큰 문제였으며, 방사선 소견상 과잉치 치관의 위치가 절치의 치근단보다 상방에 위치할 경우 전신마취로 전환 하는 것이 바람직 할 것으로 사료된다.

류마치스성 제1-2경추 아탈구 : 증례보고 Report of A Case

송상현,윤수한,조기홍,안영환,안영민,조경기 대한신경외과학회 1996 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.25 No.10

Authors report a case of one-stage transoral decompression and posterior fusion in rheumatoid atlantoaxial subluxation. A 63-year-old man developed a rheumatiod atlantoaxial subluxation with mild weakness of all extremities which developed relatively suddenly 3 months after the initial symptom of neck pain. Skeletal traction followed by transoral decompression and occipitocervical fusion was performed on the same day. Postoperative course has been uneventful and revealed favorable fusion state of occipito-atlanto-axis. The pertinent literature on theumatoid atlanto-axial subluxation is reviewed and discussed.

도시 맥락적 관점에서 본 문화공간의 의미 : 예술의 전당을 중심으로 focused on the Seoul Arts Center

송정화,김영욱,이현수 대한건축학회 2005 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.21 No.1

The purpose of this study was to examine the accessibility and spatial configuration of a cultural and art center in an urban setting using space syntax, this research analyzed the Seoul Arts Center and Its surrounding area, elaborated the built environment and its layouts, and delineated the significance and Implications of the built form In the situated context The research found that the Seoul Arts Center, as a cultural venue, didn't run the full gamut and was not accessible It was noted that the location of the studied building reduced the accessibility, and the core area of the City would be an appropriate alternative location Also, the results indicated that the spatial cognition of the Seoul Arts Center was high and conspicuous, while the interaction with surroundings was weak This qualitative research suggested that the cultural and art center be located in an area that is more accessible and emphasizes the functional integration

갑상선 유두선암 환자의 말초 혈액 단핵구로부터 수지상세포분화와 자가 세포독성 T 림프구 활성화 유도

송수근,최영식,박요한,이대희,장희경 고신대학교 의학부 2004 高神大學校 醫學部 論文集 Vol.19 No.1

Background: Dendritic cells (DCs) are rare leucocytes that are uniquely potent in their ability to capture, process and present antigens to T cells, and so selectively migrate through tissues to reach lymph nodes and spleen where initiation of immune responses takes place. It has been reported that a dense infilteration of dendritic cells correlates with a favorable prognosis in several types of cancer. A similar correlation also has been noted in patients with papillary carcinoma of thyroid. The purpose of this study is to determine whether DCs are generated from peripheral blood monocytes by using cytokines such as GM-CSF, TNF-α, and IL-4 and whether cytotoxic T cells activated by DCs attack the papillary carcinoma tissues. Methods: Peripheral blood was obtained from 2 patients with thyroid papillary cancer. DCs were established from monocytes by culturing in the presence of GM-CSF, Flt-3 ligand. TNF-α , and IL-4 for14 days. At day 14, expression of surface markers typical for DCs was analyzed morphologically. The immunophenotypic features of DCs such as CDla, CD83, and CD86 were analyzed by phase contrast microscopy. At day 15 DCs were incubated with thyroid cancer tissues and normal thyroid tissues for 7 days. Results: DCs were generated from the peripheral blood monocytes. The generated cells had the classic morphology of DCs. Activated cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) were observed. Veiled cell known as circulating DCs attached to the thyroid cancer tissues were observed. The CTLs activated by DCs were observed to attack the papillary carcinoma tissues by scanning electron microscope. However, normal tissues were not attacked by CTLs. Conclusion: DCs can be generated from the peripheral blood monocytes. Futhermore, the CTLs activated by DCs also can attack the papillary carcinoma tissues. These results that DCs can be used as adjuvants for adoptive immunotherapy of papillary thyroid cancer.

세기변조방사선치료의 선량분포 검증에 관한 연구

권수일,신동호,송재영,안진호 京機大學校 2006 論文集 Vol.50 No.-

Film dosimetry as a part of patient specific intensity modulated radiation therapy quality assurance (IMRT QA) has been accomplished to develop the new optimization method of film isocenter offset and to suggest the new quantitative criteria for film doimetry after optimization. Five patients with head and neck cancers were measured in IMRT dosimetry by film method. Optimization method with the local minimum was developed to adjust the film isocenter offset error, which is the biggest part of systemic errors. The mean ratios were 5.33% and 7.09% for 5mm and 1 mm resolution dose data optimization respectively.