장기적 트립토판 결여식이 생쥐의 유해감각예민도에 미치는 영향

서영대,박제민,김명정,전명호,양구범,장세헌,강철중,김정태,김용식 대한생물치료정신의학회 2000 생물치료정신의학 Vol.6 No.1

The depressive patients can be divided into two subgroups by presence and absence of pain symptoms. Those without pain symptoms have blunted pain sensitivity whereas those with pain have normal range of pain sensitivity, and are clinically characterized by anxiety and irritability. The aim of the study is to test if these clinical profiles of the depressives with pain symptoms are related with reduced level of brain serotonin(5-HT). Forty four mice were randomly divided into two groups : one group to be bred with tryptophan free diet and the other with normal control diet, each for 4 weeks. Before the beginning of the breeding period, measured were locomotor activity by open field test, anxiety by elevated plus maze and nociceptive sensitivity by tail flick test, before and after forced swimming(FS). During each FS, duration of immobilization was also measured. The sable sets of measurements were repeated at the end of the breeding period. The brain 5-HT and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid(5-HIAA) were measured by high performance liquid chromatography. The results were as follows 1.Four weeks of tryptophan free diet reduced significantly body weight, brain weight, and levels of 5-HT and 5-HIAA in the whole brain. 2.Tryptophan depletion did not influence basal nociceptive sensitivity as measured by tail flick latency before FS. The normal blunting of the pain sensitivity induced by forced swimming was preserved in the tryptophan depleted group. 3.Tryptophan depletion did not influence general locomotor activity in open field. 4.Tryptophan depletion increased significantly time spent on the open arms at the elevated plus maze test done before FS. This anxiolytic-like effect was reduced by FS. 5.Tryptophan depletion did not influence duration of immobilization during FS. From these results, it is suggested that the genesis of the depression with pain symptoms is not medicated by quantitative reduction of brain serotonin

企業의 資産再評價 實態와 經濟的 誘引에 관한 硏究

서보욱,박용철 효성여자대학교 산업경영연구소 1998 경영경제 Vol.15 No.-

우리나라의 자산재평가제도는 기업의 고정자산을 시가에 의하여 재평가함으로써 기업자본의 정확을 기함과 더불어 추가적인 감가상각을 통해 자본비용을 감소시키기 위하여 도입되었다. 본 연구는 우선 자산재평가법이 기업에 미치는 영향을 제도적인 측면과 기업회계에 미치는 영향으로 구분하여 파악한다. 우리나라 기업의 자산재평가 실태를 파악하고 기업의 재평가 실시에 대한 경제적 유인을 분석하고자 하였다. 재평가의 경제적 유인을 파악하기 위하여 사용한 변수로는 담세율, 부채비율, 사채비중, 배당가능자원, 재평가 물가상승률, 기업규모를 사용하였다. 재평가를 실시한 실험집단과 재평가를 실시하지 않은 통제집단간에 변수별 차이분석을 실시한 결과 모든 변수에 걸쳐서 재평가기업과 무평가기업간에 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 다음 단계로 Logit 모형을 사용하여 다변량분석을 실시한 결과 담세율이 높을수록, 부채비율이 높을수록, 사채비중이 높을수록, 직전재평가와의 물가상승률이 크고, 기업규모가 큰 기업일수록 재평가를 실시하는 동기가 큰 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 기업이 자산재평가를 실시하는 경제적 유인이 적정한 감가상각이 가능하도록 하는 기본적 목적 이외에 재무구조를 개선시켜 추가적인 자금조달여력을 높이기 위한 것으로 보인다. 또한 기업규모가 큰 기업일수록 재평가의 경제적 유인이 큰 것으로 나타나 재평가의 경제적 효과가 기업규모에 따라 달라질 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. Since 1958, Korean firms can revaluate their assets if the increase of the consumer price index accumulates more than, 25%. Since then, many firms revaluate their assets. The sample of this study consists of 140 industrial firms which have undergone asset revaluations at least once during the period from the year 1981 to 1994 and 136 controlled firm. To identify factors that the study estimated the following multiple Logit model: Y = α_0 +β_1 TAXR + β_2 DBTR + β_3 BOND + β_4 DIVD + β_5 INFL + β_6 SIZE 9 The equation was estimated using Logit model. For both of the periods, the results are similar and they are summarized as follows: TAXR has a positive sign as expected. The variables, DBTR, BOND, DIVD exhibit expected signs and are significant. These results are, in general, in conformity with previous results. DIVD has positive reaction, this means that the increase of revaluation reserves by the asset revaluation has bonus shares. The above results suggest that firms revaluate their assets in order to decrease tax burden, to improve financial structure, and to raise fund capability, to issue stocks.

MIS成果와 組織成果간의 關係에 대한 硏究 : 釜山.慶南企業을 中心으로

박철,이용우,서재희 동서대학교부설연구소 1998 연구소 논문집 Vol.3 No.-

Recently, there has been an increasingly strong trends in enterprises toward information society, So, the role of information in enterprises has been recognized as one of important management resources. Particularly, the construction of information system in enterprises is being estimated as the key to success of business for solving various problems which are the change of management environment, the improvement policy for management systems, the confrontation policy for raising of labor cost, the increasing of distribution cost, and the policy for necessity of competitive information. To solve these problems, we should construct the information systems in enterprises. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to find the concrete factors having effects on information systems and analyze the MIS performance and organizational performance for constructing information systems in enterprises of Pusan and Kyongnam.

最近 日本에 있어서의 人文·社會科學의 硏究動向

金光淳,朴龍喆,徐贊基,李中雨 慶北大學校 東洋文化硏究所 1981 東洋文化硏究 Vol.8 No.-

Since Samkook Era in Korean history the cultural exchange between Korea and Japan has been brought closer together, therefore, the cultural innovations or variations of one country cause sensitive responses of the other. Japan's highly economic growth changed not only her economy and society but also the trends in the sciences. It is certain that such recent trends in science would be affect that of Korean sciences. This study is put the purpose to help determining the directions of human and social sciences in Korea by understanding of their recent trends in Japan. But only literature, law and geography (especially economic and population geography) are treated here among many fields of human and social sciences in Japan. The authors had been to Japan from Feb. 15 to 24, 1981 to collect the data from the relevat institutions or individuals in Japan. The findings on the trends are as follows; (1) In general the recent trend of the literature study in Japan is not so different from the past except the more diverse approaches of the modern literature than the classic. It would seem that the trend of modern literature is moving from chronologic approach to spatial approach. The area of modern literature is closely related with comparative literature but it is impossible to clarify effectively the problems of the modern literature by the only literature study, and it is recent trend to introduce medical knowledges such as a case clinical history, clinical psychology and psychopathology. (2) It would be dominant opinions among Japan's social scientist that social science must be the science of comprehensive recognition, an empirical, practical and historical science. And in future it is desirable to study the law concretely and practically based on the epistemology, formal logic and social dialectic. (3) Economic geography (especially agricultural and industrial geography) is traditionally most important position in geography together with geomorphology in Japan, and recently the studies of commercial geography and regional development become active as the newer fields of economic geography. But it would seem that the attempt to construct the general theory of economic geography has not yet been successful. (4) The study of population geography in 1970s is quantitatively increased in Japan. Its main issue in the early half of 1970s is the underpopulation problem in the rural areas; in the latter half the overpopulation in the metropolitan regions and the return flow from there are most interested problems.

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

A Simulation Based Assessment for Evaluating the Effectiveness of Quasi-Zenith Satellite System

Suh, Yong-Cheol,Shibasaki, Ryosuke The Korean Society of Remote Sensing 2003 大韓遠隔探査學會誌 Vol.19 No.3

Since the operation of the first satellite-based navigation service, satellite positioning has played an increasing role in both surveying and geodesy, and has become an indispensable tool for precise relative positioning. However, in some situations, e.g. at a low angle of elevation, the use of satellites for navigation is seriously restricted because obstacles like buildings and mountains can block signals. As a mean to resolve this problem, the quasi-zenith satellite system has been proposed as a next-generation satellite navigation system. Quasi-zenith satellite is a system which simultaneously deploys several satellites in a quasi-zenith geostationary orbit so that one of the satellites always stay close to the zenith if viewed from a specific point on the ground of East Asia. Thus, if a position measurement function compatible with CPS is installed in the quasi-zenith and stationary satellites, and these satellites are utilized together with the CPS, four satellites can be accessed simultaneously nearly all day long and a substantial improvement in position measurement, especially in metropolitan areas, can be achieved. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the effectiveness of quasi-zenith satellite system on positioning accuracy improvement through simulation by using precise orbital information of the satellites and a three-dimensional digital map. Through this developed simulation system, it is possible to calculate the number of simultaneously visible satellites and available area for positioning without the need of actual observation. Furthermore, this system can calculate the Dilution Of Precision (DOP) and the error distribution.

Development of PKNU3: A small-format, multi-spectral, aerial photographic system

Yong Cheol Suh,Eun Khung Lee,Chul Uong Choi 大韓遠隔探査學會 2004 大韓遠隔探査學會誌 Vol.20 No.5

Our laboratory originally developed the compact, multi-spectral, automatic aerial photographic system PKNU3 to allow greater flexibility in geological and environmental data collection. We are currently developing the PKNU 3 system, which consists of a color-infrared spectral camera capable of simultaneous photography in the visible and near-infrared bands; a thermal infrared camera; two computers, each with an 80-gigabyte memory capacity for storing images; an MPEG board that can compress and transfer data to the computers in real-time; and the capability of using a helicopter platform. Before actual aerial photographic testing of the PKNU3, we experimented with each sensor. We analyzed the lens distortion, the sensitivity of the CCD in each band, and the thermal response of the thermal infrared sensor before the aerial photographing. As of September 2004, the PKNU3 development schedule has reached the second phase of testing. As the result of two aerial photographic tests, R, G, Band IR images were taken simultaneously; and images with an overlap rate of 70% using the automatic 1-s interval data recording time could be obtained by PKNU3. Further study is warranted to enhance the system with the addition of gyroscopic and IMU units. We evaluated the PKNU 3 system as a method of environmental remote sensing by comparing each chlorophyll image derived from PKNU 3 photographs. This appraisement was backed up with existing study that resulted in a modest improvement in the linear fit between the measures of chlorophyll and the RVI, NDVI and SAVI images stem from photographs taken by Duncantech MS 3100 which has same spectral configuration with MS 4000 used in PKNU3 system.

A Simulation Based Assessment for Evaluating the Effectiveness of Quasi-Zenith

Yong Cheol Suh,Ryosuke Shibasaki 大韓遠隔探査學會 2003 大韓遠隔探査學會誌 Vol.19 No.3

Since the operation of the first satellite-based navigation service, satellite positioning has played an increasing role in both surveying and geodesy, and has become an indispensable tool for precise relative positioning. However, in some situations, e.g. at a low angle of elevation, the use of satellites for navigation is seriously restricted because obstacles like buildings and mountains can block signals. As a mean to resolve this problem, the quasi-zenith satellite system has been proposed as a next-generation satellite navigation system. Quasi-zenith satellite is a system which simultaneously deploys several satellites in a quasi-zenith geostationary orbit so that one of the satellites always stay close to the zenith if viewed from a specific point on the ground of East Asia. Thus, if a position measurement function compatible with GPS is installed in the quasi-zenith and stationary satellites, and these satellites are utilized together with the GPS, four satellites can be accessed simultaneously nearly all day long and a substantial improvement in position measurement, especially in metropolitan areas, can be achieved. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the effectiveness of quasi-zenith satellite system on positioning accuracy improvement through simulation by using precise orbital information of the satellites and a three-dimensional digital map. Through this developed simulation system, it is possible to calculate the number of simultaneously visible satellites and available area for positioning without the need of actual observation. Furthermore, this system can calculate the Dilution Of Precision (DOP) and the error distribution.

High Accurate and Efficient Positioning in Urban Areas Using GPS and Pseudolites Integration

SUH, Yong-Cheol,SHIBASAKI, Ryosuke Korean Society of Surveying 2002 Korean journal of geomatics Vol.2 No.1

The Global Positioning System technology has been widely used in positioning and attitude determination. It is well known that the accuracy, availability and reliability of the positioning results are heavily dependent on the number and geometric distribution of tracked GPS satellites. Because of this limitation, in some situations, such as in urban canyons, underground or inside of buildings, it is difficult to navigate with GPS receiver. Therefore, in order to improve the performance of satellite-based positioning, the integration of GPS with the pseudolite technology has been proposed. With this pseudolite technology, it is expected that seamless positioning service can be provided in a wider area without replacing existing GPS receivers. On the other hand, to adopt pseudolites on a larger scale, it is necessary to verify how the pseudolites may complement the existing GPS-based positioning. In this paper the authors present the details of the experiments and the results of the fundamental verification for seamless positioning using integration of GPS and pseudolite. This paper shows that the accuracy and efficiency of integrating GPS and pseudolite through the dynamic and static positioning experiment. The influence of pseudolite signal on GPS receiver is also discussed. The experimental results indicate that the accuracy of the height component can indeed be significantly improved, to approximately the same level as the horizontal component.

Multipath Mitigation Using Simulation of Signal Propagation

Yong-Cheol Suh,Chul-Uong Choi 한국기상학회 2005 한국기상학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2005 No.-