FORREST II 궤양 출혈의 적절한 치료 유용성 : 전향적 무작위 연구

김성은,이선영,신정은,주미순,전정현,이경은 이화여자대학교 의과대학 2003 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.26 No.2

Objectives : This study is to compare the clinical and cost effectiveness of various pharmacologic therapies with of without endoscopic procedure in the Forrest II ulcer. Methods : Between May 2001 and June 2002, total of 58 Forrest II bleeding activity patients (37 cases of NBVV, 6 adherent blood clots, 9 flat red spot, and 6 flat black spot) with gastric ulcer(32 cases) and duodenal ulcer(26 cases) were analyzed. UGI endoscopy was performed within 12 hours of the first bleeding episodes, and underwent repetitive endoscopy after 48h. All the patients were randomly assigned to receive somatostatin(group I), PPI(omeparzole : group II), only H2 blocker (famotidine, group III), or endoscopic injection therapy followed by famotidine (group IV). We compared with rebleeding rates, changes of ulcer size, and modified estimated costs for 3 day-hospital in four groups respectively. Results : 1) Twelve patients experienced rebleeding(20.7%). 2) The rates of rebleeding were 16.6% (2/12) in group I, 28.6%(4/14) in group II, 5.9%(1/17) in group III, 26.7% in group IV. There was no significant difference in rebleeding rate among the groups, but there was low rebleeding tendency in group III, compared with group II(p=0.087).3)Type of stigmata including non-bleeding visible vessels and adherent clots were associated with an increased rate of recurrent bleeding(p=0.01).4) When modified estimated costs were calculated, group III could be treated at the lowest cost(p<0.05). Conclusion : In Forrest II bleeding ulcer, medical therapy, especially famotidine could be suggested prudently as a proper treatment modality for this lesion, considering the cost-effecti-veness. 목적: 위십이지장의 궤양성 출혈은 대부분 특별한 치료없이 보존적인 치료만으로 지혈된다. 그러나 활동성 출혈이 있는 Forrest II 궤양의 경우는 흔히 내시경적인 치료를 하게 되는데 최근 여러 연구에서 약물치료와 비교 연구가 있었으나 다양한 약물들과 내시경 치료의 효과 및 비용-효용성의 비교는 이루어지지 않았다. 방법: 2001년 5월부터 2002년 6월가지 Forrest II 궤양출혈 환자 68명을 전향적으로 포함시켰고 이중 위암으로 진단된 경우와 내시경의 추적 검사를 거부한 경우 또는 다른 중증의 내과적 질환이 동반된 경우를 제외시켜 58명의 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 대상 환자 58명은 위궤양이 32명이고 십이지장 궤양이 26명으로 비출혈성노출 혈관 37명, 신선 부착 혈괴 6명, 적색반 9명, 그리고 흑색반 6명이었다. 초기 상부 위장관 내시경은 내원 후 12시간 이내에 이루어졌고 추적 검사는 48시간 이후에 시행되었다. 치료는 네 개의 군으로 나누어 무작위로 소마토스타틴 투여군(1군), 프로톤펌프 억제제 투여군 (2군), H₂수용체 차단제 투여군(3군), 그리고 내시경적 지혈제 주사군(4군)으로 치료하였고 각 군의 재출혈 여부, 혈압, 수혈, 궤양의 크기, 급성 출혈 흔적 등을 비교 관찰하였고 입원 3일간의 입원치료비용을 계산하였다. 결과: 1) 재출혈은 12명(20.7%) 에서 발생하였다. 2) 각군에서의 재출혈은 제1군이 16.6%(2/12), 제2군에서 28.6%(4/14), 제3군이 5.9%(1/17), 제4군이 26.7%(4/15)로 각 군의 재출혈 빈도는 차이가 없었으나 제3군에서 제2군에 비해 재출혈이 낮은 경향을 보였다.(p=0.087).3) 재출혈에 영향을 미치는 인자는 노출 현환과 신선 혈괴였다(p=0.01). 4)평균 입원치료 비용은 제3군이 가장 적어 높은 치료 비용-효과를 보였다.(p<0.05).

시판김치 중 유해세균의 조사

신선미,박주연,김은정,한영숙 한국조리과학회 2005 한국식품조리과학회지 Vol.21 No.2

Three different commercial Kimchi industry-made packaged, department store-made and ordinary market-made were analyzed for their pH, acidity and microbiological characteristics including certain harmful bacteria on selective media during a storage-fermentation period of 7 days at 2℃ or 20℃. The p11 of all the Kimchi samples wasdecreased from 5.85 to 3.82 and their total acidities increased from 0.2 to 1.18 as the fermentation continued during the storage-fermentation. E. call and Salmonella sp. of 0~1101 cfu/mL were found in the industry-made Kimchi just after purchase time. As the storage-fermentation proceeded, the viable numbers of these bacteria had been reduced in all Kimchi samples tested and no bacteria were detected after 5 days at 2℃ and 2 days at. 20℃., respectively. On the other hand, a range of 7.9102℃2.9103 cfu/mL of Staphylococcussp. was detected in the department store-made and ordinary market-made Kimchi samples at the purchase time, which was higher than that of the industry-made Kimchi, and this range wasn't reduced (luring storage-fermentation. The viable number of yeasts in the market-made Kimchi was 2.1103 cfu/mL, These results suggest that some commercial Kimchis were contaminated by some harmful bacteria and that a portion of these bacteria remained alive in the Kimchi, even with high acidity during the edible period.

김치 재료 methanol 추출물이 식품유해 미생물에 미치는 항균효과

신선미,박주연,한영숙 한국조리과학회 2005 한국식품조리과학회지 Vol.21 No.1

This study was carried out to determine the inhibitory effect of methanol extract from kimchi ingredients against Salmonella pphimurium, Listeria monocvtoenes, Staphylococcus aureus, and Esherichia toll which are pathogenic microorganisms and Aspergillus sp, Penicillium sp. Antimicrobial activity of methanol extracts was tested against bacteria by paper disc method. Antifungal activity of methanol extracts was shown by hyphal growth inhibition ratio. The methanol extracts from all materials were effective against E. coil among them. And the antimicrobial activity of the methanol extracts from ginger and onion were lower than the others. The antifimgal activity of the methanol extracts from radish, ginger, and garlic were effective against Aspergillus sp. and Penicillium sp. In the result of identifying antimicrobial effect rate, the methanol extracts from red pepper and radish had more than 40% against S. nphimurium and more than 30% against K coll. Also the methanol extracts front onion had an high inhibitory effect rate of more than 50% against S. tvphi,nurium and that from garlic had more than 60% against S. aureus. The minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) of red pepper was examined 500 pg/mL against L monocytogenes. This value was the lowest among the others.

가족의 변화와 지역여성단체의 역할 : 여성의 전화를 중심으로 Korea Women's Hot Line

신은주 평택대학교 1999 論文集 Vol.13 No.-

본 글은 경제위기에 따라 가족의 구조 및 역할이 변화하고 전통적인 남녀간의 성역할도 변화하고 있으므로 이제 문제가족에 대한 치료적인 대처뿐만 아니라 통합적인 가족복지개념이 정립되어야 하고, 이는 기존의 가족유지적인 관점이 아니라 여성주의적인 관점이 필요하다고 본다. 실업문제는 기본적으로 정부의 정책에 의해 해결되어야 하며 여성단체의 역할은 그 지역주민의 욕구에 따라 주민의 주도적인 참여하에 이루어져야 하며 자치지향에 따라 전문적이고 특화된 사업이 진행되어야 한다고 본다. 따라서 지역의 여성단체는 일차적인 사회복지기관이 아니므로 주민의 실업이나 가족의 복합적인 문제해결시에 사회복지가관과의 연대를 통해서 사업을 시행해야 한다고 본다. 본 글에서 주로 '여성의전화'를 중심으로 여성단체의 역할을 모색해 보았다.

치아 우식증의 조기 진단을 위한 QLF-D 개발

박형주,김종수,유승훈,신지선 大韓小兒齒科學會 2011 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.38 No.4

QLF-D system composed with DSLR(digital single-lens reflex) camera, and the images of natural enamel caries and artificial caries was developed from 2 days to 14 days captured by QLF-D system. The correlation between lesion depth of the polarized microscope and luminosity ratio of QLF-D image was analyzed and the results were summarized as follows: 1. The Pearson correlation value between the lesion depth of polarized microscope images and luminosity ratio of QLF-D images was 0.969(p<0.01). 2. From Regression analysis of lesion depth from polarized image by demineralized period, the equation was y = 8.67x - 1.16(p<0.05). 3. From Regression analysis of luminosity ratio from QLF-D image by demineralized period, the equation was y = 3.53x + 6.42(p<0.05). From the results, QLF-D system can detect the enamel caries at the very early stage and can monitor the progression of demineralization and remineralization. For the convenient use of QLF-D system in the laboratory, the image analysing software was needed to analyze of interest site of enamel caries lesion. 저자는 DSLR(digital single-lens reflex) 카메라를 이용한 QLF-D 시스템을 고안하여, 사람의 유구치에 자연 발생된 법 랑질 초기 우식증을 관찰하고, 유구치 법랑질 시편을 대상으로 2일부터 14일까지 인공 탈회시킨 후 탈회 기간에 따른 상관관 계를 편광 현미경 소견과 비교 분석한 결과 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 탈회 기간에 따른 편광 현미경 상의 병소 깊이와 QLF-D 영상의 광밀도 값 비율 간의 피어슨 상관 계수는 0.969였다 (p<0.01). 2. 편광현미경에서 측정된 병소 깊이의 탈회 기간에 대한 회귀분석 결과 y=8.67x-1.16의 회귀 방정식이 산출되었다 (p<0.05). 3. QLF-D 영상에서 측정된 광도값 비율의 탈회 기간에 대한 회귀분석 결과 y=3.53x+6.42의 회귀 방정식이 산출되었다 (p<0.05).

실세계와 가상공간의 빛의 특성비교 : For the effective usage of Computer Graphic for the Interior Design 실내디자인에서 컴퓨터그래픽의 효율적 이용을 위하여

신은주,신경주 漢陽大學校 韓國生活科學硏究所 2002 韓國 生活 科學 硏究 Vol.- No.20

Application of computer graphic is increasing in interior lighting design. Using computer graphic software to simulate lighting in preliminary design which will provide information for designers to determine the effect of using artificial light sources at each stage of their design process. For lighting design using computer graphics, the light sources and illumination models should be considered. This research is to explore the difference between the light sources in virtual space and the artificial light sources in physical world. As a results, the characteristics of light in virtual space are summarized as follows. 1) Iconic light 2) Modified surface 3) Attenuation 4) Shadowless light 5) Non-existence of lighting fixture 6) Statistical accuracy Light, whether in physical or in virtual, is capable of producing a visual sensation and realizing the space. The lack of physics in the virtual realm is able to realize the experimental space. Therefore, new illumination approach as a extended media is needed.

분사법에 의한 탄산칼슘 제조

신보철,한상오,김주호,송지훈,송근호,이광래 강원대학교 석재복합신소재제품연구센터 2001 석재연 논문집 Vol.6 No.-

본 연구는 탄산가스화법에 의한 탄산칼슘 입자 제조 공정에 있어서, 탄산가스로 채워진 반응기에 수산화칼슘 슬러리를 분사하는 방법으로 탄산칼슘 입자를 제조하였다. 수산화 칼슘의 농도(0.25~1.0wt%), 분사압력(0.5kgf /㎠~1.5kgf /㎠) 및 반응기 온도(20℃, 28℃)의 변화에 따른 생성된 탄산칼슘을 관찰하였다. 수산화 칼슘의 농도가 비교적 높으면(0.75wt%, 1.0wt%), 생성물의 pH와 전도도는 높게 나타났다. 분사압력에 의한 탄산칼슘 제조의 변화는 분사압력이 높아질수록(1.5kgf /㎠), pH와 전도도는 높게 측정되었다. 그러나, 수산화 칼슘의 농도와 분사압력의 변화가 탄산칼슘의 입자크기, 형태, 결정구조에 영향을 미치지는 않았다. 반응기의 온도가 28℃에서 생성된 탄산칼슘은 1.0㎛이하의 칼사이트 상 입자가 제조되었으며, 20℃에서 생성된 탄산칼슘은 0.5㎛이하의 칼사이트 상 입자가 제조되었다. 반응기의 온도가 낮아질수록 탄산칼슘 입자의 크기가 작아짐을 알 수 있었다. For the preparation of calcium carbonate particles from aqueous Ca(OH)2 slurry, carbonation reaction of aqueous Ca(OH)2 slurry was carried out by spouting the aqueous slurry of Ca(OH)2 into reactor filled with CO2 gas. The concentration of Ca(OH)2 varies from 0.25wt% to 1.0wt%, nozzle pressure from 0.5kgf /㎠ to 1.5kgf /㎠, and reactor temperature were set at 20℃ and 28℃. With relatively high concentration of 0.75wt% and 1.0wt% of Ca(OH)2, pH and conductivity of product-stream were observed high value. High pH and conductivity were observed at high nozzle pressure of 1.5kgf /㎠. The concentration of Ca(OH)2 and nozzle pressure, however, did not change the particle size and shape of calcium carbonate synthesized by carbonation reaction. The reaction temperature affected particle size. At reactor temperatures of 28℃ and 20℃, the particle sizes were about 1.0㎛ and 0.5㎛, respectively. Crystal structure of calcium calcium carbonate was of calcite. When reactor temperature was lower, the size of calcium carbonate particle was smaller.

풍진항체 검사법의 신뢰도에 관한 연구 : Comparison of the Methods between the Abbott RUBAZYME kit and the Abboutt IMx Automated Analyzer

신영전,최보율,최은주,박항배 한양대학교 의과대학 1995 한양의대 학술지 Vol.15 No.2

Abbott Rubazyme and Abbott IMx, which are most used to prevent Rubella IgG and IgM thesedays, were evaluated for their reliability. Both methods were tested on 305 women, 287 and 18 number of each pregnant and non-pregnant women, in Yangpyong county from March 1993 through September 1993. In addition, they had 14. 3 weeks of pregnant period and 25.8 of average age. It appeared that there was a significant correlation between the titers of Rubazyme and IMx for Rubella IgG (Coefficient Correlation 0.6167, p=0.000) but not for IgM(C. C. 0.0668, p=0.245). Additionally, the correlation coefficient of the two methods for IgG titer of 1st and 4th quartile, 0.6829, p=0.000, were higher than that of 2nd and 3rd, 0.4600, p=0.000, So does IgM : 0.1081, p=0.181 for ist and 4th quartile and 0.0230, p=0.780 for 2nd and 3rd quartile. The agreement rate of positivity was 92.5% for IgG and 99.0% for IgM. The kappa index for IgG was 0.51338. The agreement point of titer, where the number of a people who showed positivity for IgG in IMx test and that in Rubazyme kit test became equal, was 31.3 IU/ml, which was 315% of the original point, 9.949 IU/ml. The agreement rate of both tests for 1gG was decreased to 92.13% but the kappa index was increased to 0.66869 in rasing cut off point of the IMx up to 31.3 IU/ml. Abbott Rubazyme and Abbott IMx tests play important roles in determining the infection of pregnant women and even the prevention of deformation of child and artificial abortion. However, since these two methods turns out not to be reliable to be used through this experiment, physicians should examine the reliability of both methods, and even the possibility of technical errors of them before actual use.

조혈모세포이식 후 발생한 주폐포자층 폐렴에 대한 고찰

주지현,최정현,이동건,백지연,고윤호,이혜정,김세희,신호진,박윤희,박지영,김유진,신완식,김춘추 대한감염학회 2001 감염 Vol.33 No.4

Background : Pneumocytitis cainii pneumonia (PCP) can occur in immunocompromised hosts especially such as AIDS or cancer patients. Although recent research had focused on PCP in AIDS patients, few studies have described the clinical presentations of PCP in recipients of stem cell transplantation (SCT). We evaluated the clinical manifestations of PCP in SCT patients admitted at St. Mary's hospital, Seoul, Korea. Methods : The medical records of 17 PCP patients undergoing SCT between Feb. 1998 and Feb. 2000 were reviewed. The diagnosis of PCP was confirmed through the demonstration of Pneumocytitis cainii via either cytology of brochoalveolar lavage (BAL) or histological technique of lung biopsy. CMV disease and CMV infection were confirmed by BAL culture and antigenemia respectively . Results : Seventeen patients were all recipients of allogeneic SCT and 7 of 17 patients were performed non-sibling SCT. Patients presented with symptoms including brief period (4 ∼23 days) of fever (76%), dyspnea (70%), cough (64%), and signs such as rare(58.8%), Sixteen patients (94%) had been receiving immunosuppressive agent such as cyclosporine A (64%) or Fk506 (35%) without PCP prophylaxis. Eleven patients (64%) were treated with corticosteroid with mean dose of 16 mg/day prednisolone and mean duration of 4.6 months after post-SCT period. Twelve patients were co-infected with CMV. Another co-infected miCroorganisms were Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, herpes simplex virus, parainfluenza virus, Average duration of treatment with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) was 21 ±9 days. Four patients died, and three of them were related with PCP. Conclusion : PCP developed frequently in patients who were taking immunosuppressive drug due to graft versus host disease or were not taking TMP/SMX prophylaxis. High risk patients showing fever, cough, or dyspnea should be considered to take early bronchoscopic intervention for detection of PCP. When treat for PCP, it also be considered to the possibility of coinfection such as CMV. (Korean J Infect Dis 33:273∼279, 2001)

유도형 변위 센서의 전기 노이즈 분석과 센서 성능에 미치는 영향 고찰

신우철,홍준희,이동주 한국공작기계학회 2003 한국공작기계학회 추계학술대회논문집 Vol.2003 No.-

Noise is a problem in many electronic circuits and active control system. Arising from spuriously coupled noise from other circuits, it corrupts the signal of interest and introduces an uncertainty into information it contains. In this paper, we have researched noise characteristics of the inductive displacement sensor which has been designed. we first present basic concept and characteristics of magnetic field-coupled noise in the sensor output signal. Then, we are present relation noise and sensor performances. Finally, we concentrate low noise design of a sensor driver and a signal detection circuit.