통합오염원단위 지수를 이용한 환경성과 측정

강상목,정영근,조주현 한국환경경제학회 한국자원경제학회 2005 자원·환경경제연구 Vol.14 No.1

본 연구의 목적은 한국의 24개 광업과 제조업종을 대상으로 1995~1999년간 통합된 오염원단위 지수와 변화지수를 제시하고 이를 통하여 환경성과를 측정하고자 함이다. 본 연구는 오염원단위의 새로운 정의와 통합된 오염원단위를 측정하는 새로운 기법을 제시한다. 광업과 제조업을 경공업, 중공업 그리고 중공업내 오염산업과 여타중공업으로 구분하고 실증적으로 통합원단위 지수와 변화지수를 계측한다. 통합오염원단위 지수 기준으로 중공업내 오염산업은 가장 오염집약적인 업종인 반면, 같은 중공업내 여타 중공업에 속한 업종은 가장 오염저감에 성공적이다. 통합오염원단위 변화지수를 기준으로 산업 전체의 평균치는 1,091로서 오염배출량변화지수가 1.133으로 연간 13.3% 증가한 반면 산출량변화지수는 1.039로 연간 3.9% 증가하여 약 9.1% 상승하였다. 경공업과 중공업의 통합원 단위 변화지수는 각각 1.125와 1.042였고, 오염산업의 평균이 1.287로 가장 높았음에도 중공업의 평균이 낮았던 것은 역시 여타 중공업의 평균이 0.9)3으로 연간 약 9% 가량 감소하였기 때문이다. This paper measures integrated pollution intensities and changes in pollution intensity, and figure out environmental performance. We introduce a new definition of pollution intensity and its method measuring integrated pollution intensities. We distinguish 24 manufacturing industries into light industry and heavy industry, and divide heavy industry into pollution industry and the other residual heavy industry to measure the integrated pollution intensities and their changes. While the pollution industry within heavy industry, based on the integrated pollution intensity, was the most pollution-intensive, the other residual heavy industry within the heavy industry was the most successive in reducing pollutants. The annualized average index of the integrated pollution intensities grew as much as 9.1 percent, of which the annualized change in the index of pollution emission increased 13.3 percent, but the improvement of 3.9 percent in the change of output quantity offset the increase in the index of pollution emission. The changes in the integrated pollution intensity for the light and heavy industries were 1.125 and 1.042, respectively. The reason the heavy industry showed the lower change in the index of pollution intensity, while the change in the pollution industry was very high, was because the average change in the other heavy industry decreased around 9 percent.

여대생의 결혼관에 관한 연구

강신미,김욱련,김이화,김현주,백은주 효성여자대학교 가정대학 학도호국단 1985 家政大論集 Vol.4 No.-

In these days, Korea has undergone various changes in every social aspect throughthe process of modernization. Especially in instituional and actual aspects, the family.and marriage have been changed greatly by the rapid urbanization and iudustrializatton,.and these changes have been investigated scientifically. This paper presents marital consciousness and actual behavior of 300 woman collegestudents in Daegu, and was surveyed comparing various parts-the humanities, natural·science and the arts. As for the basic attitude of marriage, they were positive in the need of marriage,,defined marriage as the second starting point of life. Also they put the aim of marriage,on mental value. As for the dating and purity before marriage, 84 percent of respondents assented tothe dating before marriage. And they thought it proper that the duration of datingwas one year to two years. The age of the first dating and the standard of sex moralstore significant. The part of the arts tended to be open, and the part of natural sciencewere conservative. As for the standard of spouse's choice, 84 percent of respondents wanted to have theright of priority they could choose their spouses for themselves. And they thought it·proper that the age of marriage was 25-year-old to 26-year-old, and the gap of maritalage was one year to three years. Ideal spouse's characteristic, home surroundings, and marital harmony were significant. Among various marital conditions, personality tended to to emphasized, and theatmosphere of family and masculine appearance were taken serious. As for a. spouses's job, professor or research occupation was popular. Compared withthe part of the arts, the part of the humanities and natural science were positive inpredicting marital harmony. Among various marital conditions, an only son, the eldest son, and an offspring ofa concubine tended to be evaded. The type of an ideal spouse was companionship.

의학 PBL(Problem-Based Learning)에서 학습자가 평가한 튜터의 역할이 상호작용 및 학습결과에 미치는 영향

강명희,강주현,최형신,엄소연 이화여자대학교 교육과학연구소 2008 교육과학연구 Vol.39 No.3

최근 의학교육에서는 문제중심학습의 성공 요인 중의 하나로 학습자가 평가한 튜터 역할의 중요성이 부각되고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 학습자가 평가한 튜터의 역할이 개인과 그룹 차원에서의 상호작용 및 학습결과와 의미 있는 관계를 형성하는지를 확인하고자 하였다. 정교화 촉진, 학습과정 감독, 지식 통합, 상호작용 촉진을 포함한 네 가지가 본 연구에서 사용한 튜터 역할의 특성이었고, 상호작용은 개인의 내향중심성 정도와 외향중심성 정도 그리고 그룹의 상호작용 밀도를 사회연결망 분석도구를 사용하여 측정하였다. 학습결과는 학업성취도, 참여도, 학습자 만족도를 개별로 측정하고, 그룹에 속한 개인 점수의 합을 그룹 학습결과로 사용하였다. 연구대상은 3주 동안 의과대학 ‘기초 PBL’수업을 수강한 6개 그룹 42명의 학생들과 6명의 튜터가 포함되었다. 연구 결과, 튜터의 상호작용 촉진 역할은 개인의 내향중심성(F(1, 40) = 9.924, p < .01)과 외향중심성(F(1, 40) = 17.264, p = .001)을 모두 유의미하게 예측하는 것으로 나타났으며, 개인의 외향중심성은 나아가 학업성취도(F(1, 40) = 9.374, p < .01)와 참여도(F(1, 40) = 12.019, p < .01)를 유의미하게 예측하는 것으로 나타났다. 한편, 그룹 차원에서 분석된 튜터의 학습과정 감독, 지식 통합, 상호작용 촉진 역할과 그룹 상호작용의 밀도 그리고 학습결과 간의 유의미한 관계는 PBL에서 그룹 활동 활성화를 위한 튜터 역할의 중요성을 다시 한 번 인식하게 해주었다. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of learners' perceived roles of a tutor on interactions and learning outcomes in a Problem-Based Learning(PBL). This study was conducted with six groups of students(forty-two students) enrolled in a PBL class and six tutors at a medical university in Korea. To measure the learners' interaction we have used in-centrality, out-centrality and density. We also have conducted a survey to identify the roles of a tutor. For learning outcomes, achievement, participation, and learners' satisfaction were used for analysis. Results indicated that the ‘stimulating interaction’ role of a tutor significantly predicted learners' in-centrality and out-centrality. The learners' out-centrality significantly predicted individuals' achievement and participation. On the other hand, at the group level, ‘directing the learning process’, ‘stimulating integration of knowledge’, and ‘stimulating interaction’ role of a tutor had a positive correlation with the density, and the density had a positive correlation with the group learning outcome

강원도산 감자의 품질 개량을 위한 연구 2. 유기반수체 감자 계통들의 단백질·환원당·총폐놀성화합물 함량 및 Lipoxygenase Isozyme류 활성

강현주,김화영,조순영 강릉대학교동해안지역연구소 1999 東海岸硏究 Vol.9 No.2

For the purpose of quality improvement of potatoes produced in Kangwon-Do, the contents of protein, reducing sugar, and total phenolic compounds were determined for the dihaploid potato clones derived from cultivated tetraploid potato varieties. In addition, the analysis of lipoxygenase isozyme activities was carried out. Among 12 different dihaploid potato clones, the HAT-19 clone showed the highest protein content, and the content was much higher than those of the cultivated tetraploid potato varieties. HAT-19 also had the lowest reducing-sugar content when compared with other dihaploid clones. Lipoxygenase-2 activity had no high intensity in the tested dihaploid clones. On the other hand, the HIC-68 clone had the highest content of the total phenolic compounds among the tested dihaploid clones. The results suggest that the selected dihaploid clones should be useful for breeding potato varieties with good processign qualities.

노인과 대학생의 낙상 위험 분석

정다현,김예희,김지은,이예영,강현주 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 2021 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.27 No.1.2

The purpose of this study was to analyze risk of falls between elderly people and college students. The subjects of this study were 25 people aged 70 years or older and 17 college students located in Asan. We measured sensory, integrated balance, nervous, musculoskeletal system and HQR by FRA system (Inbody, Korea). The results of measurement showed significant differences in sensory system (p<.01), integrated balance (p<.001), nervous system (p<.001), and musculoskeletal system (p<.001) between groups. These results suggest that aging makes difference of function of these systems. In our view, counterplans need to be implemented, including exercise intervention to prevent decreases of fall risk,

연구개의 이소성 뇌조직 - 1예 보고-

최현주,이연수,김영신,이교영,강창석,심상인 대한병리학회 1998 Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine Vol.32 No.11

안구의 비색소성 모양체 상피에서 발생한 유두상 선암종 -1예 보고-

최현주,최영진,이연수,이은정,강석진,김병기,심상인 대한병리학회 1998 Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine Vol.32 No.12

Ceftazidime의 임상적 연구 : 과립구 감소환자에서의 감염증에서 Piperacillin-Tobramycin 병합요법과의 비교연구 Ceftazidime or Piperacillin plus Tobramycin and the Possible Modifications Required for a Successful Outcome

최강원,배현주,김양수,김성민,박선양,김병국,김노경,우준희 대한화학요법학회 1990 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.8 No.1

In a randomized, prospective study, ceftazidime monotherapy was compared with a combination of piperacillin and tobramycin for the treatment of infection in febrile granulocyto penic cancer patients. The subjects consisted of 40 patients with acute leukemia or solid tumor who developed fever and other signs of infections after induction chemotherapy or bone marrow transplantation. 21 patients were randomized to the piperacillin plus tobramycin combination, while 19 patients were allocated to ceftazidime monotherapy. Initial granulocyte count, duratation of granulocytopenia, infection days and granulocyte count on therapeutic responsewere all comparable in both treatment groups. On 72 hour assessment, success (with or with-out modification) rate according to NCI criteria was 100% in ceftazidime and 95% in combination group. Success according to EORTC criteria was 26% and 48% respectively. On posttreatment assessment, success rate according to MCI criteria was 91% in ceftazidime group and 70% in combination group, while one according to EORTC was 33% and 40% respectively. There was no statistical significance between the two success rates. The superinfection was more commonly seen in the combination group, esp. by resistant E. coli, even though the difference was not significant.

관상동맥 질환에서 CD14 유전자형에 따른 세균 및 Heat Shock Protein에 대한 반응의 차이

한주용,최수연,조현주,김화평,강현재,구본권,김남중,김효수,손대원,오병희,박영배,최윤식 대한감염학회 2007 감염과 화학요법 Vol.39 No.1

Background : CD14 is the receptor for lipopolysaccharides and heat shock protein (HSP), which has been suggested being associated with increased risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). We investigated whether the response to infectious agents or HSP is different according to CD14 polymorphism in Koreans. Materials and Methods : Antibody titers to Helicobacter pylori, Chlamydia pneumoniae, and human HSP60 (hHSP60) were measured in 48 patients with stable CAD and in 41 healthy controls by ELISA. CD14 genotype was determined by PCR and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) was measured. Results : Seropositivity to C. pneumoniae and H. pylori, and antibody titer to hHSP60 were not significantly associated with the presence of CAD. CD14 genotype distribution was 31 TT (35%), 43 CT (48%), and 15 CC (17%). To compare the response to the infectious organism and hHSP60, we divided study population into 3 groups; CAD patients with non-TT genotype (group I, n=30), CAD patients with TT genotype (group II, n=18), and normal controls (group III, n=41). Seropositivity to C. pneumoniae and H. pylori, and antibody titer to hHSP60 were not significantly different among 3 groups. Though hs-CRP level was significantly different among 3 groups, post-Hoc analysis showed that hs-CRP level was not significantly different between group I and group II (group I: 1.6[1.1-3.5] mg/L and group II: 0.35[0.1-2.0] mg/L). Conclusions : This study suggests that the inflammatory responses to infectious organisms and HSP do not differ according to the CD14 genotype in Koreans. 목적 : 만성적인 세균 감염이나 자가 면역 반응이 동맥경화와 연관되어 있다는 주장이 제기되어 왔다. CD14은 lipopolysaccharides (LPS)와 heat shock protein(HSP)의 수용체로 C(-260)→T 다형성이 관상동맥 질환의 위험과 관련되어 있다고 제안되어 왔다. 본 연구에서는 한국인에서 CD14 다형성에 따른 LPS와 HSP에 대한 반응성을 염증표지자를 측정하여 살펴보고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법 : 안정형 관상동맥 환자 48명과 정상 대조군 41명을 대상으로 Chlamydia pneumoniae, Helicobacter pylori 항체 및 인체 HSP60 (hHSP60) 항체 역가를 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) 방법으로 측정하였다. CD14 유전자형은 중합효소연쇄반응을 이용하여 결정하였고 hs-CRP를 측정하였다. 결과 : C. pneumonias 및 H. pylori 항체 양성 여부 및 항체 역가, 그리고 hHSP60에 대한 항체 역가는 안정형 관상동맥 질환의 유무와 유의한 상관관계는 없었다. CD14 유전자형의 분포는 TT 30명(39%), CT 31명(40%), 그리고 CC 16명(21%)이었다. 관상동맥 질환 군에서 TT 유전자형은 38%, 대조군에서는 32%로 TT 유전자형과 관상동맥 질환의 유무와는 유의한 상관관계가 발견되지 않았다(P>0.05). CD14 유전자형에 따라 C. pneumonias와 H.pylori 감염 및 hHSP60에 따른 반응에 차이가 있는지 여 부를 알아보기 위해, 관상동맥 질환 군을 다시 TT 유전자형 군과 non-TT 유전자형 군으로 나누어, 전체적으로 세군에서 항체 양성률과 역가를 비교하였다(I군: CD14 TT 유전자형을 가진 안정형 관상동맥 환자, II군: CD14 TT 유전자형을 가진 안정형 관상동맥 환자, III군: 정상 대조군). 세 군에서 C. pneumonias와 H. pylori 항체 양성률 및 hHSP60 항체 역가에는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 세 군사이에 hs-CRP 값에 유의한 차이가 있었지만, post-Hoc분석에서 II군의 hs-CRP 값이 I군에 비해 유의하게 높지는 않았다(0.35 [0.1-2.0] mg/L in group II vs. 1.6 [1.1-3.5]mg/L in group I, P>0.05). 결론 : 본 연구는 한국인에서 CD14 유전자형에 따라 LPS나 HSP에 대한 반응이 유의하게 다르지 않음을 시사한다.

활성화된 마그네슘을 이용한 Michael 반응에 관한 연구

맹주양,김명희,강현구 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 2000 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.6 No.1

The Most powerful tools in the synthetic organic chemists arsenal are organometallic compounds and metal mediated transformations. We reported a general approach for highly reactive metal powder by reducing metal salt in tetrahydrofuran solvents using lithium as reducing agents. Organometallic compound was generated by reaction of metal powder with organo compounds and then it was reacted with α ,β -unsaturated ketone. We synthesized 3-(4-chlorophenyl ) -1- (2-thienyl)ethylpropenoate, ethyl- (2-cyano) -3- (thienyl ) -propenoate and ethyl-(2-cyano)-3-(4-chlorophienyl)-propenoate, which are α , β -unsaturated ketone derivations. Magnesium chloride react with Li+Naph-r to give activated magnesium. The synthesized activated magnesium metal reacted with sec-Butylmagnesium chloride and n-Butylmagnesium bromide to give alkyl magnesiumhalide. The active amyl magnesium derivation reacted with the synthesized α , β-unsatruated ketone to give product.