포장재질을 따른 김치의 저장성 Ⅱ

강미정,윤광섭,신승렬,김광수 대구효성가톨릭대학교 식품과학연구소 1997 식품과학지 Vol.9 No.-

수출용 김치에 주로 사용되고 있는 유리병을 대상으로 유통과정 중 상품성 유지와 더불어 저장성 향상을 도모하고자 포장방법에 따른 저장성 효과를 살펴보고자 하였다. 실험에 사용한 김치는 양념버무리기를 한후 저온에서 24시간 숙성시켜 어느 정도의 탄산가스를 제거한 다음 무포장, 밀폐 포장, 투과성 포장을 하였다. 각각의 포장방법은 0.01, 0.06, 0.08, 0.1㎜ PE film으로 내부포장한 뒤 10℃에서 28일간 저장하면서 pH 및 산도, 색도의 변화와 관능적 품질변화를 측정하였다. pH의 변화를 측정한 결과, 밀폐 포장과 투과성 포장에 대해 전구간이 저장 7일째까지 급격히 감소하던 pH는 이후 완만한 감소를 나타내었으며, 0.06㎜ 처리구의 경우 pH 감소가 낮고, 상미한계점이 타처리구보다 연장되는 결과를 나타내었다. 산도의 경우 0.01, 0.06㎜로 밀폐포장처리구에서 저장 28일동안 산도의 증가가 낮게 나타났고, 투과성 포장시에는 0.06, 0.08㎜처리구에서 산도 증가가 완만하였으며, 상미한계점이 연장되는 양상을 나타내었다. 또한 포장방법에 상관없이 숙성시료를 사용함에 따라 탄산가스에 의한 내부 필림의 팽창과 김치국물의 누출 현상 역시 적은 것이 과찰되었다. 색도 측정시 L, a, b값이 저장기간이 경과됨에 따라 모두 증가하는 추세로 이런 경향은 밀폐 포장과 투과성 포장간에 큰 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났으며 0.06㎜ 처리시 색도 증가가 타처리구에 비해 완만하였다. 관능검사 결과, 저장기간이 길어질수록 타처리구에 비해 0.06㎜ 처리구에서 시원한 맛(탄산미), 신맛, 조직감, 종합적인 기호도가 모두 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 포장방법간에 큰 차이는 없었으나 저장 21일까지는 밀폐포장보다 투과성 포장시 기호적 품질이 높은 것으로 보인다. 이상의 결과로 밀폐 포장하거나 투과성 포장하는 것은 일반 유리병포장보다 저장성 효과가 크며 밀폐 포장의 경우 film 두께가 다소 얇은 0.01, 0.06㎜에서 그 효과가 현저히 높았고 투과성 포장의 경우 film 두께가 다소 두터운 0.06, 0.08㎜에서 저장성 연장을 기대할 수 있다 특히 0.06㎜ film은 밀폐 포장, 투과성 포장 모두에서 높은 저장성 연장효과와 더불어 탄산가스에 의한 팽창방지를 완화시킬 것으로 사료된다. The effects of various packaging methods in bottle on the quality and shelf-life of kimchi were investigated. Kimchi was packaged in different methods such as air-tight and permeable packaging used PE film with various thickness(0.01, 0.06, 0.08 and 0.1㎜). Also, kimchi was measured the changes in pH, titratable acidity, color, taste and texture by sensory and instrumental evaluation during fermentation at 10℃. The sharp decrease in pH of both air-tight and permeable packaging showed up to 7 days of storage. Especially, the decrease in pH by 0.06㎜ of PE film was lower than the others and the increases in acidity by air-tight samples with 0.01 and 0.06㎜ PE film were also lower. Color index(L, b/a) of crushed kimchi juice increased during storage regardless of packaging methods such as air-tight and permeable packaging. In sensory test, the scores of fresh taste, sour taste, texture and preference were higher in sample with 0.06㎜ of PE film than in the others. The quality of kimchi was not significantly affacted by the packaging methods up to 21 days of storage. These results indicate that air-tight and permeable packaging with 0.06㎜ of PE film were affected the quality and shelf-life of kimchi.

Comparative AFLP Profiles among Strains of Korean Races of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae.

Kang,Mi-Hyung,Lee,Du-Ku,Noh,Tae-Hwan,Shim,Hyeong-Kwon,Na,Seung-Yong,Kim,Jae-Duk 한국자원식물학회 2004 Plant Resources Vol.7 No.1

We used an amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis, a novel PCR-based technique, to differentiate Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) of Korean races. The 6 strains of Xoo K1, K2, K3 races were tested with 81 AFLP primer combinations to identify the best selective primers. The primer combinations were selected according to their reproducibility, number of polymorphic bands and polymorphism detected among Xoo strains. 18 strains of Xoo K1, K2 and K3 races were analyzed with the selected combinations of primer set. Some primer combinations (Eco R I +1 / Mse I+1) could differentiate Xoo of Korean races that were not distinguished by other fingerprinting analysis. Thus AFLP fingerprinting permitted very fine discrimination among different races.

가중치 연관규칙 탐사 알고리즘을 이용한 자동 문헌 분류

강미나;박미영;승현우 서울여자대학교 컴퓨터과학연구소 2004 정보기술논문지 Vol.2 No.-

본 논문에서는 연관규칙 탐사 알고리즘을 이용하여 전문 분야에 대한 문헌을 자동적으로 분류하기 위한 새로운 방법을 제시하였다. 이것은 지식탐사 시스템에 적용되어 대량의 지식 정보를 효율적으로 검색하고 관리하는데 있어 핵심적인 역할을 한다. 자동 문헌 분류는 학습용 문헌에서 전처리 과정과 연관규칙 탐사 알고리즘을 적용하여 분야별 대표 색인어 추출하는 과정과 추출된 각 색인어에 대한 가중치 배열을 적용하여 실험문헌에서 추출한 전공용어와의 유사도를 계산하여 문헌간의 연관성에 따라 자동으로 문헌을 분류하는 과정으로 이루어진다. 마지막으로 제시한 유사도와 기존 유사 계수들에 의한 자동 분류 결과를 비교하여 제한한 방법의 효율성을 입증하였다. In this paper, we proposed a new method of the automatic document classification in professional fields by using the association rule algorithm. This method can be applied to knowledge discovery system and may perform an important role to search and manage a large amount of information efficiently. An automatic document classification is composed of representative keyword sets extraction course by preprocessing procedure and applying association rule algorithm and automatic document classification course by calculating the degree of similarity of major keyword extracted from the testing documents by applying weight array about abstracted each keyword. Finally we compared automatic classification result degree of similarity proposed in this paper with that of the existing similarily coefficients, and show the efficiency of the proposed method.

폐 활성 슬러지의 납 흡착에 따른 기초 요소의 영향

강미영,서정호,이창한,이송우,나영수,송승구 부산대학교 환경문제연구소 1998 環境硏究報 Vol.16 No.-

본 연구에서는 하수 처리장에서 발생되는 상당량의 폐 슬러지를 전처리 없이 중금속 제거에 사용하였다. 본 연구의 목적은 폐 슬러지를 이용하여 중금속을 제거하는 것이다. 온도와 pH, 초기 농도의 영향과 보관 시간에 따른 납 흡착량의 영항을 흡착등온 모델과 흡착속도 모델에 적용시켜 활성슬러지의 납 흡착 특성을 고찰하였다. 납, 카드뮴, 크롬, 니켈 중 슬러지는 납을 가장 많이 제거하였고, pH 4.5~5.5에서 최대의 흡착량을 나타냈으며, 온도가 증가할수록 흡착량은 증가하였고, Langmuir model에 잘 적용되었으며, 초기 최대 흡착속도도 Michaelis-Menten 형태 식으로부터 구하였다. In sewage treatment plant, waste sludge was one of bothering thing to be treated. The objective of this study was to examine the removal of heavy metal by waste sludge. The effect of factors such as temperature, pH, storage time, initial concentration of lead, and initial amount of biomass on adsorption of lead was investigated. And the biosorption model, adsorption isotherm, and initial adsorption rate model were evaluated. Waste sludge was proved to have an excellent ability to remove lead than other heavy metals such as cadmium, chromium, nickel in pure and mixed solution. The optimum pH of biosorption with waste sludge was 4.5~5.5, and the amount of adsorption was increased with increasing temperature. The adsorption isotherm of lead to waste sludge followed to Langmuir model. The initial adsorption rate of lead to waste sludge followed to Michaelis-Menten type kinetic.

일부 흡연 대학생의 지각된 스트레스와 흡연실태에 대한 상관관계 연구

강초록,권시내,권혜림,박수경,송인혜,오해인,이미지,한승아,황선아,김수지 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2003 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.37

In spite of the seriousness of smoking harm has been developed these days. the increase of national smoking rate and that the people in the twenties are especially leading the rise of national smoking rate is an important issue of national health. Smoking of the university students can occur health problem and cause loss of manpower and expenses in their social activity period. So then the actual state for prevention of smoking and development of a program to prohibit smoking has to be seized urgently and starting with the study of the realities of university students, the effort to find a related fluent of smoking has to be studied. Related to this, the purpose of this study is to seize the general characteristics of smoking university students and to find out the relationship between perceived stress and smoking status among smoking university students. In addition, by collating the relationship between perceived stress and smoking status among smoking university students we have the purpose to furnish the basal data of stress care, the best way to cope with stress through group training and the plan for nursing implementation to decrease the smoking rate. For this study, a survey was conducted for 204 smoking university students of 13 universities in Seoul from 9th of May to 16th of May, 2003. The collected data was analyzed by t-test, Pearson Correlation and ANOVA in the statistical packages SPSS/PC. Major findings of this study are as follows; 1. Of the 204 respondents 85.4% of them were male and 14.6% of them were female. The average age of the sample was 23.19 years old and 41.8% of them were in senior, 21.4% in junior, 16.9% in sophomore, 19.9% in freshman grade. The major motivation to start smoking was 'because of curiosity'(33.8%) and the first smoking experience was at 'senior high school' (41.9%) and at 'college' (41.9%). 2 The highest scored stress factor of smoking university students were stresses about school work. 3. 72.7% had experience to quit smoking at least one or more times. Most of the reason to keep on smoking was 'short will to quit'(51.0%) and the smoking place was usually at 'school' (41.4%). Most respondents for the number ofsmoking friends were '5 people and above' (73.2%). 4. There was a negative relationship between the general characteristics and the entire perceived stress, however, there was a positive relationship between the general characteristics and the perceived stress in 4 categories which is 'sex distinction', 'major of study', 'residence form' and' inmate'. 5. There was a negative relationship between the general characteristics and the entire smoking status, however, there was a positive relationship between the general characteristics and the smoking status in 2 categories which is 'presence of hobby' and 'number of smoking friends'. 6. There was a negative relationship between the perceived stress and the smoking status. Through this study we have seized the relationship between the general characteristics, perceived stress and the smoking status of smoking university students. There was a positive relationship between some of the general characteristics with the perceived stress and the smoking status of smoking university students. Also there was a negative relationship between the perceived stress and the smoking status.

스트레스 반응 척도의 수정판 개발 및 타당화 연구 : 근로자 대상

최승미,강태영,우종민 大韓神經精神醫學會 2006 신경정신의학 Vol.45 No.6

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to develop and validate a modified form of the Stress Response Inventory (SRI-MF) for workers. Methods : In study I, the Stress Response Inventory was conducted in 3,420 person, who worked for public institutions andlarge corporations. They were selected from 10 areas throughout the country. After we performed experimental factor analysis in order to select the items by internal consistency and factor loadings, we developed the short form of SRI (SRI-MF). In Study II, SRI-MF was validated by showing convergent/divergent validity with other stress-measuring instruments in another samples. Results : In study I, factor analysis yielded 5 factors, and two of them were excluded because of their low internal consistency. Consequently, total 22 items in the remaining 3 factors (somatization, depression, anger) were selected for the SRI-MF. Test-retest reliability of the SRI-MF was significantly high, ranging between .67-.71. Cronbach's α was also high. In study II, convergent validity was computed by correlating scores of other scales (GARS, SCL-90-R, PSQ) score. The correlations were all at significant levels. Discriminant validity was computed by comparing the total score and scores of 3 subscales in the patient and normal group. There were significant differences in the total and scores of 3 subscales between the two groups. Conclusion : The results of identifying factor structure in the SRI indicated 5 significant factors. Among them, 3 factors can be employed for the modified form of SRI with a high internal consistency. Thus, we suggest that the SRI-MF should be a effective and valid scale to evaluate stress response in work places.

노인의 영적 간호요구

최미혜,김경희,김귀옥,김기숙,김수강,김정신,김춘숙,노흥진,박지연,성혜연,오명선,이선희,이원옥,이윤영,이현수,장명재,차혜경,채정선,홍상희 중앙대학교 의과대학 간호학과 간호과학연구소 2001 중앙간호논문집 Vol.5 No.1

This study was designed to exam the aged's needs for spiritual nursing care. The purpose was to serve as a basis for the development of spiritual nursing practice. The major findings are as follows : 1. The degree of needs for spiritual nursing care as area was that needs of love and relationship mean 22.0, needs of meaning and object mean 28.2, needs of forgiving mean 13.5. Total needs for spiritual nursing care mean 63.7, which was on the upper middle level. The needs of meaning and object was rated highest. 2. Among the general characteristics of the subjects, needs of love and relatiohship wasn't significanlty different. 3. Among the general characteristics of the subjects, needs of meaning and object was significantly different according to two factors : age(F=7.260, p=0.001), religion(F=5.275, p=0.001). Higher needs of meaning and object was possessed by the older than the younger, by the one who have religion than the other. 4. Among the general characteristics of the subjects, four factors made a significantly difference to needs of forgiving : sex(t=-2.851, p=0.006), age(F=8.201, p=0.001), religion(F=6.928, p=0.000), disease(t=2.327, p=0.024). Higher needs of forgiving was possessed by man than woman, by the older than the younger, by the one who have religion than the other, by the one who have disease than the other.

입면차폐도 지표의 적용상 문제점 및 개선 방안에 관한 연구

이승미,강인호 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.23 No.1(계획계)

The Elevation Blockage Ratio(EBR) is out of the most efficient index which can represent the openness of the city scape. Based on this characteristics, EBR has been employed, no the official regulation, for controlling the openness of the housing blocks in several cities. But there are some problems in the way of estimation and alleviation code. In this research, There figured out the problems of EBR and suggested the alternatives of it.

절수에 의한 Mongolian Gerbil 장기중량변화에 관한 분석연구

김무강,이기훈,이강이,송치원,이경열,권효정,박미선,정승혁,이행연,김명철 충남대학교 수의과대학 동물의과학연구소 2000 動物醫科學硏究誌 Vol.8 No.-

In this study, authors measured the each organ weight of the long term water deprived Mongolian gerbil, after then we calculated the mean, standard deviation, variance coefficient of the real measured organ weight and induced the organ weight change quantity, rate of quantity, deviation between measured and theological organ weight, deviation rate, sum of deviation rate, organ weight change rate, rate of organ weight by the mathematical formula. The results obtained as follow 1. The weight of the brains, lung, and testis were abruptly decreased after water deprived until the 5th day, after then slowly decreased until the 20th day. 2. The weight of the heart was decreased gradually from the first day until the 20th day. 3. The weight of the liver was abruptly decreased until the 10th day, after then the more slowly decreased until the 20th day. 4. The weight of the thymus, spleen, kidney, and pancreas were abruptly decreased until the 15th day, after then increased slowly until 20th day but the weight of the kidney was abruptly increased from the 10th day. 5. The organ weight change rate and the rate of the each day organ weight were very diversified.

난원공 개존을 통한 우심방에서 좌심방으로의 단락 진단에 있어 경흉부 심초음파 하모닉 영상의 유용성

신미승,강석민,장길진,변기현,하종원,정남식,허지회,이병인 대한순환기학회 2000 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.30 No.4