Serial values for hematologic and biochemical analysis after myocardial infarction in rats

( Mi Jin Lee ),( Hyun Jin Tae ),( Ying Hua Li ),( Do Hyeon Yu ),( In Ae Han ),( Seok Won Lee ),( Dong Choon Ahn ),( In Shik Kim ),( Jin Ho Park ) 한국동물위생학회 2008 한국동물위생학회지 (KOJVS) Vol.31 No.2

To diagnose acute myocardial infarction(MI), many cardiac markers have been used in hematologic and biochemical analysis, and many studies have been published for hema-tologic and biochemical analysis associated with human acute MI. However, after occurrence of acute MI, the serial investigation for values in hematologic and bioche-mical analysis including chronic MI has rarely been performed. To observe the change of the serial values in hematologic and biochemical analysis, we induced artificial MI. The left main descending artery(LMDA) of the left coronary artery was ligated during the progression(day 1, 3, 5, 7, 14 and 30) of MI. Total 66 Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into the sham group(n=24, thoracotomy without LMDA ligation) and the experimental(MI) group(n=42, with LMDA ligation). And all individual in each group was sacrified at day 1, 3, 5, 7, 14 and 30 for the hematologic and biochemical analysis. In comparison of hematologic analysis between the sham and MI groups, the mean values of red blood cell(RBCs), hemoglobin and hematocrit(HCT) showed a steady increase. In biochemical analysis, the mean values of glucose, choles-terol, total creatine kinase(CK) and isoenzyme MB, and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) were increased in all MI groups compared with the sham groups. The results of this study suggest that early hematologic and biochemical mean values occurred after acute MI are similar to those of human acute MI. In conclusion, we could observe the alterations and serial values in hematologic and biochemical analysis to the extent of chronic status after acute MI.

Serial values for hematologic and biochemical analysis after myocardial infarction in rats

Lee, Mi-Jin,Tae, Hyun-Jin,Li, Ying-Hua,Yu, Do-Hyeon,Han, In-Ae,Lee, Seok-Won,Ahn, Dong-Choon,Kim, In-Shik,Park, Jin-Ho The Korean Society of Veterinary Service 2008 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.31 No.2

To diagnose acute myocardial infarction (MI), many cardiac markers have been used in hematologic and biochemical analysis, and many studies have been published for hematologic and biochemical analysis associated with human acute MI. However, after occurrence of acute MI, the serial investigation for values in hematologic and biochemical analysis including chronic MI has rarely been performed. To observe the change of the serial values in hematologic and biochemical analysis, we induced artificial MI. The left main descending artery (LMDA) of the left coronary artery was ligated during the progression (day 1, 3, 5, 7, 14 and 30) of MI. Total 66 Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into the sham group (n=24, thoracotomy without LMDA ligation) and the experimental (MI) group (n=42, with LMDA ligation). And all individual in each group was sacrified at day 1, 3, 5, 7, 14 and 30 for the hematologic and biochemical analysis. In comparison of hematologic analysis between the sham and MI groups, the mean values of red blood cell (RBCs), hemoglobin and hematocrit (HCT) showed a steady increase. In biochemical analysis, the mean values of glucose, cholesterol, total creatine kinase (CK) and isoenzyme MB, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were increased in all MI groups compared with the sham groups. The results of this study suggest that early hematologic and biochemical mean values occurred after acute MI are similar to those of human acute MI. In conclusion, we could observe the alterations and serial values in hematologic and biochemical analysis to the extent of chronic status after acute MI.

암 병동 간호사의 통증관리에 대한 지식과 태도

공성화,방찌야,서민숙,현신숙,김희정,이미애1,이미애2,유현희,허재경,김은애,박경숙 성인간호학회 2004 성인간호학회지 Vol.16 No.1

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes of oncology ward nurses toward cancer pain management and to find ways to improve the educational program for nurses. Method: A total of 209 nurses working at the oncology ward of three hospitals in Seoul and a Gyenggi Province. The survey instrument used was the 32-item scale for evaluating nurses knowledge and attitudes originally developed by McCaffery and Ferrell'(1990). that was by Kim'(1997). Result: In terms of the nurses knowledge of pain management. the result showed that the nurses scored an average of 67.8 out of 100 for phamacokinetics of opioids. 84.8 for classification of analgesics, 60.1 for pain assessment, and 70.7 for drug administration. 18.2% of the nurses hesitate to inject the narcotic agent because of concerns regarding the drug's potential side effects. there was significant difference in the knowledge of pain management according to the general characteristics of pain in terms of the nurses age(p=.001), position (p=.016). years of experiences(p=.002), experience of cancer pain education(p= .001). Conclusion: The also showed that nurses working at cancer ward lack knowledge. It is important to provide intensive education to nurses about cancer pain management.

항암화학요법 관련 오심과 구토 완화를 위한 비약물요법에 관한 연구동향

소향숙,최자윤,조인숙,김영재,김지영,김애숙,김옥미,김춘심,김현오,설영애,안정옥,이애리,이영자 성인간호학회 2003 성인간호학회지 Vol.15 No.3

Purpose: Purposes of this study were to understand the current trends on complementary therapy in relieving chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting and to suggest the future research direction. Method: Subjects were selected on CINAHL, MEDLINE, Korean Academy Data Base from 1980 to 2001 which used nausea, vomiting, chemotherapy and complementary therapy as key words in experimental studies. Eight korean articles and twenty-one international articles were analyzed in terms of general characteristics, research methods, and types of complementary therapy. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistical methods. Result: Since 2000, researchers have more actively used complementary therapy. In subject characteristics, mean age was 35.5 years old, 45% of the researchers were performed with high level of incidence of chemotherapy induced vomiting, 14% of them set limit of consecutive cycle during research, and 65% of them did not comment the selecting criteria of sample. About 60% of them were designed post-test only control group: 35% used INV by Rhodes, 31% used Likert scale, and 24% used VAS for dependent variable. Muscle relaxation therapy was mostly applied for relief of nausea and vomiting. Conclusion: Further studies will be needed to control extrinsic variables affecting nausea and vomiting in research design and to accumulate evidence with studies applying various complementary therapies.

거대 난소 종양의 염전 1예

김미영,이해혁,유애리,박정희,이임순,정수호,고은석,레앙소팥,배동한,김태희,이권해 순천향의학연구소 2008 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.14 No.1

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촉각훈련 프로그램이 발달지체유아의 상동행동에 미치는 효과

이미경,김성애 한국정신지체아교육학회 2003 지적장애연구 Vol.5 No.-

본 논문은 촉각프로그램이 발달지체 유아의 동작관련 및 언어관련 상동행동에 미치는 영향과 그 두 차원의 상동행동의 발생빈도 관계를 알아보는 것이다. 연구의 대상은 자폐 성향을 띤 발달지체 유아 2명이며, 연구방법은 단일 대상연구 AB 설계가 적용되었다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다: 첫째, 촉각훈련 프로그램은 발달지체 유아의 동작관련 상동행동 발생빈도 감소에 긍정적인 효과가 있다. 둘째, 촉각훈련 프로그램은 발달지체 유아의 언어관련 상동행동 발생빈도 감소에 긍정적인 효과가 있다. 셋째, 촉각훈련 프로그램은 상동행동을 동반하는 발달지체유아의 언어 관련 상동행동보다 동작 관련 상동행동의 발생빈도 감소에 더 긍정적인 효과가 나타난다. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of training program for tactile sensation on the change of retarded children's stereotype behaviors. The subjects were two five-year-old boy and girl who were autistic retarded children. The training program for tactile sensation was applied among sense integration activities by learning materials of early treatment for autistic children (Kang Ui Hong, Bo In chung and Sang Bok Lee, 1998). As a method, single subject AB design was executed in the periods of foundation, arbitration and maintenance for 38 times and visual analysis was used by observing and recording the frequency of stereotype behaviors. The summary of the results of the study is as follows: First, the training program for tactile sensation for retarded children had an effect on the decrease of frequency of stereotype behaviors regarding behaviors. Second, the training program for tactile sensation for retarded children had an effect on the decrease of frequency of stereotype behaviors regarding language. Third, the training program for tactile sensation for autistic retarded children had a greater effect on the decrease of frequency of stereotype behaviors regarding behaviors than stereotype behaviors regarding language. The suggestions as results of the study are as follows: First, age distribution of the subjects and place in this study was confined to generalization. Therefore, further study of verification on the effect of various age groups and places is needed. Second, further study of the level of stress that stereotype behaviors of retarded children has on the families and the level of stress after the arbitration of training program for tactile sensation is needed actively.

중환자실 환자에서 원내 칸디다혈증 발생의 위험 인자

이유현,최희정,이미애 대한감염학회 2004 감염과 화학요법 Vol.36 No.4

Background : Nosocomial candidemia is one of the most important disease entity in hospital not only because of increasing incidence but also because of its high fatality rate. The purpose of this study is to identify risk factors predicting the development of nosocomial candidemia and to evaluate its clinical outcome of nosocomial candidemia in the intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Materials & Methods : We conducted a retrospective, matched case-control study in adult patients admitted to ICU from January 1998 through December 2002 in Ewha Womans University Mokdong hospital. Sixty cases with candidemia were retrospectively identified from the records of the Department of Clinical Microbiology. The possible risk factors for the development of nosocomial candidemia were compared between 60 patients and 120 control subjects. Results : Candida albicans was the most commonly isolated organism. In the multivariate analysis, number of concomitant bacteremia (OR=17.3), number of candida infection in other site (OR=20.6), number of antibiotics used (OR=4.2), duration of indwelling central venous catheter (OR=16.1), and insertion of arterial line for more than 8 days (OR=6.9) were identified as significant risk factors for development of candidemia. Crude mortality rate was higher in candidemia patients compared with control subjects (P=0.004). Conclusion : The best predictors of development of candidemia in ICU patients were concomitant bacteremia, candida colonization in other site, combined use of antibiotics, and long-indwelling arterial and central venous catheter. For the ICU patients with high risk factors of candidemia, we could consider the intervention to prevent emergence of candidemia. 목적 : 원내 감염 칸디다혈증은 최근 의학 기술의 발전과 함께 면역 기능이 감소된 경우 특히 발생 빈도가 증가할 뿐 아니라 높은 치사율로 그 중요성이 강조되고 있다. 이 연구의 목적은 중환자실에 입원한 환자에서 칸디다혈증 발생의 위험 요인과 이로 인한 사망률을 파악하는데에 있다. 재료 및 방법 : 1998년 1월부터 2002년 12월까지 5년간 이화여대 목동병원 중환자실에 입원하였던 환자를 대상으로 후향적으로 입원 기록을 검토하여 환자-대조군 연구를 시행하였다. 환자군은 진단 검사의학과 미생물실 자료에 의거, 칸디다혈증이 있었던 60명을 대상으로 하였고 대조군은 같은 시기에 중환자실에 입원하였으나 칸디다 혈증은 없었던 120명으로 짝지어 각기 28개의 가능성있는 위험 인자와 치사율에 대해 조사하였다. 결과 : 칸디다혈증을 유발하는 균종은 Candida albicans가 24예(40%)로 가장 흔하였다. 다변량 분석을 통해서 균혈증이 동반된 경우(OR=17.3), 칸디다가 다른 부위에서도 검출된 경우(OR=20.6), 항생제 병용이 많을수록(OR=4.2), 중심정맥관 삽입 기간이 길수록(OR=16.1), 동맥관 삽입이 8일 이상인 경우(OR=6.9)가 중환자실 환자에서 칸디다혈증 발생의 독립적인 위험인자이었다. 보통 사망률(Crude mortality)은 환자군에서 48.3%, 대조군에서 26.7%로 칸디다혈증 환자에서 사망률이 유의하게 높았다(P=0.004). 결론 : 칸디다혈증의 발생은 균혈증이 동반된 경우, 다른 부위에서 칸디다가 검출된 경우에 증가하며, 항생제 병용이 많을수록, 혈관 내에 중심정맥관이나 동맥관이 장기간 유치되어 있을수록 증가하였다. 칸디다혈증의 사망률 역시 높아, 칸디다혈증의 위험이 높은 중환자실 환자를 조기에 색출하고 칸디다혈증 발생을 예방할 수 있는 방법들에 대한 연구가 필요하겠다.

Some Aspects of Fantasy in Alice's Adventures in Wonderland

李美愛 경인여자대학 1992 경인논집 Vol.- No.1

복합레진 수복 시 재접착 술식이 미세누출에 미치는 영향

이미애,서덕규,손호현,조병훈 大韓齒科保存學會 2010 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.35 No.3

복합레진 수복시, 일반적으로 연마, 산부식, 수세 및 건조 단계를 거쳐 저점도 레진을 적용하는 재접착 술식을 통해 예상되는 수축간극을 봉쇄한다. 그러나, 이 과정은 재접착제 적용 이전에 물이나 잔사가 간극을 매워버릴 수 있어 그 효과가 의심된다. 본 실험에서는 연마 단계 이전, 즉 복합레진을 중합한 직후에 재접착제를 도포한다면 변연누출을 더 줄일 수 있을 것이라는 가설을 검증하고자 하였다. 실험을 위해 35개의 발거한 대구치에서 협면과 설면에 교합면 변연은 법랑질에, 치은측 변연은 상아질에 위치하는 5급 와동을 형성하였다. 와동은 Z250 (3M ESPE, USA)로 충전하였고, 접착제로는 AdperTM Single Bond 2(3M ESPE)을 사용하였다. 재접착제로는 Biscover LV (Bisco, USA) 레진 전색제와 ScotchBond Multi-purpose system(3M ESPE)의 접착제, 및 점도가 낮은 실험용 접착제를 연마 전 또는 일련의 연마 및 산부식 후 수복물의 변연에 적용하였다. 2% 메틸렌 블루 용액에 네 시간 동안 침적한 뒤 교합측 및 치은측 변연에서의 색소 침투 깊이를 광학 입체 현미경으로 측정하였다. 재접착제의 점도와 변연미세누출의 상관관계도 평가하였다. 재접착 술식, 재접착제, 및 변연의 위치, 그 각각에서는 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 관찰할 수 없었다. 그러나, 재접착 술식을 시행하지 않은 대조군의 경우에는 세 가지 재접착제를 사용한 재접착군에 비해 치은측 변연에서 미세누출이 통계적으로 유의하게 크게 나타났다(p < 0.05). 대조군과 재접착군의 미세누출의 차이는 교합측 변연에서는 관찰되지 않았다. 연마 및 산부식 후 치은변연에 재접착제를 적용한 경우에서 약한 음의 상관관계(r = -0.326, p = 0.041)를 보인 경우를 제외하고는, 재접착제의 점도와 미세누출은 유의한 상관관계를 보이지 않았다. During a composite resin restoration, an anticipating contraction gap is usually tried to seal with low-viscosity resin after successive polishing, etching, rinsing and drying steps, which as a whole is called rebonding procedure. However, the gap might already have been filled with water or debris before applying the sealing resin. We hypothesized that microleakage would decrease if the rebonding agent was applied before the polishing step, i.e., immediately after curing composite resin. On the buccal and lingual surfaces of 35 extracted human molar teeth, class V cavities were prepared withthe occlusal margin in enamel and the gingival margin in dentin. They were restored with a hybrid composite resin Z250 (3M ESPE, USA) using an adhesive AdperTM Single Bond 2 (3M ESPE). As rebonding agents, BisCover LV (Bisco, USA), ScotchBond Multi-Purpose adhesive (3M ESPE) and an experimental adhesive were applied on the restoration margins before polishing step or after successive polishing and etching steps. The infiltration depth of 2% methylene blue into the margin was measured using an optical stereomicroscope. The correlation between viscosity of rebonding agents and mciroleakage was also evaluated. There were no statistically significant differences in the microleakage within the rebonding procedures, within the rebonding agents, and within the margins. However, when the restorations were not rebonded, the microleakage at gingival margin was significantly higher than those groups rebonded with 3 agents (p < 0.05). The difference was not observed at the occlusal margin. No significant correlation was found between viscosity of rebonding agents and microleakage, except very weak correlation in case of rebonding after polishing and etching at gingival margin (r = -0.326, p = 0.041).

노랑초파리 實驗集團內의 有害遺傳子에 관한 硏究

李順英,劉美愛,李元鎬 부산대학교 환경문제 연구소 1986 環境硏究報 Vol.4 No.-

The genetic variabilities in an experimental population of D. melanogaster were undertaken. The experimental population was composed of D. melanogaster which had the lethal-free and sterile-free second chromosome collected from Sasang natural population. The results were as follows: 1) The frequency of lethal chromosome was 7.53%, 9.56%, and 15.00% at the 171 days, 379 days, and 756 days respectively, and its allelic rate was 9.76% at the 756 days. 2) The variabilities such as semi-lethal, subvital, and normal chromosome were distributed to quasinormal type. 3) The frequency of second chromosome which carried female sterility was estimated to be 3.59%, 7.56% at the 171 days and 756 days, respectively. The frequency of male sterility was analyzed 1.19% at the 171 days and 4.20% at 756 days. 4) The elimination rate caused by deleterious genes in homozygotes was 0.0033, and the effective population size was about 600 flies at the 756 days population. 5) The actual population number was ranging from 1571 to 3229 flies in female and from 1988 to 3608 flies in male.