간내 담석과 동반된 간내 담도암에서의 p53과 Ki-ras의 발현

김명환,이성구,서동완,이승규,남승우,박능화,민영일,김연석,심기남,공경엽 대한소화기학회 1997 대한소화기학회지 Vol.30 No.5

Background/Aims: Hepatolithiasis or primary intrahepatic stones may be accompanied later by intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. This cancerous lesion is frequently associated with atypical hyperplastic epithelium that was suspected of being precancerous. To investigate the Ki-ras or p53 mutation may play a role in carcinogenesis, and to determine whether atypical hyperplastic epithelium may be precancerous, this study was performed in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas associated with hepatolithiasis. Methods: We examined 12 patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas associated with hepatolithiasis. Ki-ras point mutations were assessed by direct DNA sequencing. Expressions of p53 protein were immunohistochemically assessed. The overexpression of p53 and point mutation of Ki-ras were examined in normal, hyperplastic, atypical hyperplastic, and can- cerous tissues separately. Results: The expressions of p53 protein were detected in 4 (33%) of 12 cholangiocarcinomas and Ki-ras point mutations at codon 12 were found in 2 (17%) of 12 cholangiocarcinomas. In those two carcinoma cases which contained the mutant sequence of Ki-ras, the same point mutation from wild type GGT (glycine) to GAT (aspartic acid) was. found in the associated atypical hyperplastic epithelium. However, none of the normal and hyperplastic epithelium harbored Ki-ras or p53 mutations. Conclusions: The overexpression of p53 may play a part in the carcinogenesis of some intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas associated with hepatolithiasis, whereas the role of Ki-ras mutations in those cases is dubious. However, Ki-ras point mutation at codon 12 may be responsible for either cancer or atypical hyperplastic epithelium associated with hepatolithiasis in certain cases, suggesting atypical hyperplastic epithelium may give rise to carcinoma.

Tetrahydroisoquinoline Alkaloids가 쥐의 동맥과 뇌균등질의 α-Adrenoceptors에 미치는 영향

이현석,백선하,황수현,박인성,김은상,정진명,한종우,장기철,장기철 대한신경외과학회 1999 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.28 No.1

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

黃化水素化合物이 紫外線B를 照射한 黑色마우스의 表皮멜라닌細胞의 形態에 미치는 影響

明基範,鞠泓一 梨花女子大學校 韓國生活科學硏究院 1989 韓國生活科學硏究院 論叢 Vol.44 No.-

C57BL 흑색마우스에 UVB를 매일 100mJ/cm^2씩 10일간 조사하여 표피멜라닌세포를 활성화시킨 후 5% cysteine과 5% glutathione이 표피멜라닌세포의 수적 변화와 멜라닌소체 형태변화에 미치는 영향을 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. Cysteine 투여군에서는 멜라닌세포의 수적변화가 없었으며 glutathione투여 5주 후에서만 멜라닌세포의 수가 감소하였다. 2. Cysteine 투여군과 glutathione 투여군은 대조군에 비해 표피멜라닌세포내 멜라닌소체의 단축 길이와 stage Ⅳ 멜라닌소체 비율에 유의한 감소를 보여 멜라닌형성 억제제로서 의의있는 효과를 나타내었다. 3. 두 실험군간의 비교에서 멜라닌소체 단축길이는 glutathione 투여군에서 투여 3주 후에 cysteine 투여군보다 의의있게 감소되었으며, stage Ⅳ 멜라닌소체의 비율은 glutathione 투여군에서는 투여 3주 후에 cysteine 투여군에서는 투여 5주 후에 각각 유의한 감소소견을 보였다. 4. Glutathione 투여군에서는 멜라닌소체 단축길이와 stage Ⅳ 멜라닌소체의 비율이 모두 투여기간에 비례하여 감소되었다. 이상과 같은 결과로 황화수소화합물인 cysteine과 glutathione은 자외선 B조사로 활성화된 표피멜라닌세포내 멜라닌소체의 단축길이와 stage Ⅳ 멜라닌소체의 비율을 감소시킴으로써 멜라닌형성을 억제하고, glutathione이 cysteine보다 멜라닌형성억제에 우수한 효과를 나타냄을 알수 있었다. The effects of sulfhydryl compounds, cysteine and glutathione, on populations of melanocytes, the sizes of melanosomes and the ratios of melanosomal stages of epidermal melanocytes in UVB-irradiated C57BL black mice were evaluated. The results were as follow: 1. Both of cysteine and glutathione showed no significant diminution in the numbers of dopa-positive melanocytes except at the end of 5 weeks' treatment with glutathione. 2. Both of cysteine and glutathione showed significant diminution in short axis of melanosomes and the percentage of stage Ⅳ melanosomes of epidermal melanocytes. 3. The lengthes of short axes of melanosomes in glutathione-treated group were smaller than those in cysteine-treated group at the end of 3rd week of intraperitoneal injection. 4. In the glutathione-treated group, the short axes of melanosomes and the percentages of stage Ⅳ melanosomes decreased in proportion to the period of intraperitoneal injection.

연령증가에 따른 흰쥐 삼차신경절 및 삼차신경감각핵에서의 Neuropeptide Y 면역반응세포의 분포에 관한 연구

김명국,백기석,이승표 대한해부학회 1996 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.29 No.6

정신과 입원환자의 병원이탈에 대한 고찰

기문상,박상학,김명규 大韓神經精神醫學會 1996 신경정신의학 Vol.35 No.2

This study was a survey of all available hospital records pertaining to the 300 elopers of psychiatric inpatients admitted at Naju National Mental Hospital during the years between 1991-1993. The findings were compared with randomly selected control group of 300 inpatients who admitted during the same period. This study was designed to evaluate the demographic data and clinical characteristics, motivations, and results of elopement in these patients. Results were as follows : 1) During 3 years, 308 of 4670 inpatients(6.5%) committed elopememt. 2) Most of them were involuntarily admitted young male patients and they were likely to be unmarried, unemployed, and high-school graduated compared to control group. Their socioeconomic status were relatively low. 3) While the control group was mainly diagnosed as undifferentiated schizophrenia, more of elopers was diagnosed as paranoid schizophrenia. 4) Clinically, elopers had chronic course of illness, frequent and long-term hospitalization, and previous history of elopement than control group. 5) Patients in open wards showed more frequent elopement behavior than those in closed wards. They were likely to elope during the strolling. Many attempted to elope on Thursday when the family members visited them. 6) Most of the elopers were safely returned to the hospital and the management was simple interview without restraint. Many of families were not unconcerned about the patient's elopement. 7) Elopement group were characterized by their severe psychotic symptoms(hallucination, delusion). poor relationship with treatment teams, and cold familial concerns. It was suggested that the patient's intrapsychic factor(42.8%) was the most important factor in determining the elopement.

공범주와 'to' 축약현상

오명기 三陟大學校 1998 論文集 Vol.31 No.3

The much-studied phenomenon of English to contraction which permits the invinitival to to be adjoined to a few verbs like want, yielding forms like wanna began to be used as a material for justifying the trace theory of transformantional-generative grammar in the mid-1970s. The behavior of want when followed by an infinitive has become the prime example of 'trace theory' as developed by Chomsky and Lasnik (1978), which accounts for the grammaticality of I wanna go as against the ungrammaticaliyt of * You I wanna go. The mechanism is a 'trace' left behind when the subject of the infinitive is moved out, which blocks the contraciton of want to to wanna. Postal and Pullum (1978), on the contrary, claim to have shown difficulties of a fundamental nature in all analyses of to contraction within the framework of the ecstnded standard theory (EST) and trace theory. They conclude that there is good reason to belivev that the failures of trace theroy analyses of to contaction are rooted in a basic inadequacy of EST assumption about grammar. Why, then, is it that there has been considerable controversy over to contraction, a problem which may be considered trivial? The reason for it is that the controversy is not a minor problem related with how to deal with to contraction, but in one sense an important issue related with success or failure of the 'Government-Binding Theory' (GB-theory) in that almost all the mechanisms of the GB-theory are directly or indirectly relevant to to contraciton phenomena. This paper aims at providing a condition on wanna-contracgtion in favor of the GB-theory by examining the ways in which empty categories operate on wanna-contraction phenomena. I wil show that a government condition on wanna-contraction does not merely supplement a 'visibility' account (see Jaeggli (1980), Aoun and Lightfoot (1984) but in fact replace it, since in all constructions where a Case-marked trace is involved, the structure is such that the government condition does not hold. In conclusion, I'll argue that a government relation between want and to can be a sufficient condition to account for all other facts about the distribution of wanna.

朝鮮時代 安東의 都市空間-構成原理에 關한 硏究(II) : 安東邑城, 官衙施設, 敎育, 祭祀施設을 중심으로

芮明海,辛相和,李光明,李基昇 대구대학교 과학기술연구소 2000 科學技術硏究 Vol.7 No.2

양성 갑상선 결절에서 티록신 억제 요법의 효과

윤석기,김철희,김영선,변동원,서교일,유명희 대한내분비학회 2000 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.15 No.4·5

식품영양분야의 심화교육 수요조사 : 부천 및 인천 지역을 중심으로 Focusing on Bucheon and Inchein Area

소명환,조신호,변기원,백재은,이수정 부천대학 2002 論文集 Vol.23 No.-

식품영양분야의 심화교육을 실시하기 위하여 부천 및 인천지역의 식품관련 업체에 근무하는 사람을 대상으로 교육수요에 대한 설문 조사를 실시하였다. 설문조사에 성실하게 응답한 126명중에서 전공심화교육을 긍정적으로 평가하고 기회가 되면 교육을 받겠다고 응답한 사람이 101명(80.2%)이었고, 부정적으로 평가하거나 심화교육을 받을 의사가 없다고 응답한 사람이 25명(19.8%)이었다 심화교육을 희망하는 주된 이유는 전문분야의 부족한 실력을 향상시키고 학점은행제에 의하여 학사학위도 받을 수 있기 때문이었다. 전공심화과정에 개설되었으면 좋겠다고 생각하는 전공과목은 영양상담, HACCP실무론, 식생활과건강, 외식산업창업및경영, 식당경영론, 급식전산실무, 식품및조리원리, 식품재료학, 식품관능검사, 식품품질관리 등이었다. 학정은행제에 교양관련과목으로 개설되면 좋겠다고 생각하는 과목은 PC활용, 재태크론, 전자상거래론, 소자본창업경영, 대인관계심리학, 상담심리학, 운동과 건강 등이었다. The aim of research was to investigate the demand for deepened education of the subjects who work in food related jobs in Bucheon and Incheon area, and to establish the deepened education in field of Food and Nutrition. Subjects were 126 persons, and the results were as follows: 101 persons(80.2%) evaluated positively the deepened education, and answered to be willing to take the course if they have an opportunity for study. 25 persons (19.8%) responsed negatively, or answered not to take the course. The main reasons to select the deepened education are not only to be able to improve the knowledge in major but also to obtain the degree of Bachelor in food and nutrition. The courses they wanted to be opened were as follows: nutrition education, practice in HACCP, food and health, restaurant management, practice in computer related to food service, food science, principles of cookery, food materials, sensory evaluation of food, quality control, etc. The general courses they wanted to be opened were as follows: PC practice, theory of property management, electronic commercial transaction, establishment and management of the small sized capital enterprises, psychology in human relation, psychology in counseling, physical activity and health, etc.