서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria Gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1996)

김재홍,황동규,전재홍,김윤석,김중환,김용준,이창균,임동진,김현수,조창근,김경문,박상훈,전우형,김희성,이호정,차명수,김갑형,김형석,김석우,황지환,박병순,권오상,이민수,송기훈,성소영,이인섭,부태성 대한화학요법학회 1999 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.17 No.2

Background : In recent years, gonorrhea has been panedemic and remains one of the most commom STDs in the world, especially in developing countries. Objective & Methods: For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of PPNG, we have been trying to study the patients who have visited the VD Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by means of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. Results: In 1996, 139 strains of N. gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 53(39.0%) were PPNG. Conclusion: Our results suggests that after a peak of 74.3% in 1993, the prevalence of PPNG in Seoul is gradually declining.

안서 김억의 『동아일보』 소재 「花譜」 연구

김권동 ( Kim Kwon-dong ) 한민족어문학회 2021 韓民族語文學 Vol.- No.94

안서 김억의 『동아일보』 소재 「화보」에서 형상화한 꽃은 그 자신이 정서적으로 인식한 꽃이다. 그는 소위 시가(詩歌)라는 것과 민중의 거리를 알아보기 위해 실험적으로 「화보」를 시로 창작한다. 그는 민중을 이해하고 이에 따른 정서를 드러낼 詩形을 모색했다. 그의 「화보」는 민요의 정형성과 한시의 五言絶句나 七言絶句에서 찾을 수 있는 압운 형식을 결합한 詩形을 모색한 결과물이다. 즉 한 행이 음수율 7(4·3, 3·4)·5조를 바탕으로 하고, 네 행이 한 수(首)를 이루며 삼수(三首) 또는 사수(四首)가 한 편의 작품이 되는 시형을 고안한 것이다. 이것은 시에 대한 관습적 욕구와 시인이 지니는 개인적 자질에서 비롯한 것으로, 안서의 시는 구체성을 가지기보다는 관념에 머무르고 만다. 특히 상당 부분 꽃말(花語)의 의미를 염두에 두고 그것을 형상화하려 한 작품에서는 더욱 그러하다. 꽃말은 특정 지역에서 제도적으로 만들어지는 것이 아니다. 인류와 꽃 사이에 어떤 관계가 있는 곳이라면, 어디서나 꽃말은 자연스럽게 만들어진다. 안서는 당시 지식인으로서 민중의 정서를 이해하고, 그 정서에 맞는 시를 창작하려 했다. 그러기 때문에, 그는 대체로 민중들과 친숙한 꽃을 찾아 그것을 형상화하고자 했다. 안서가 「花譜」에서 언급하는 꽃은 매화를 비롯하여, 안즌방이(제비꽃), 진달래꽃, 배꽃, 싸리꽃, 아네모네, 사쿠라, 포도꽃, 해바라기, 아카시아, 냉이꽃, 살구꽃, 민들레, 박꽃, 벚꽃, 코스모스, 복숭아꽃, 마름꽃, 부평초꽃, 우엉꽃, 상사꽃, 나팔꽃, 작약으로 총 23종이다. 안서는 꽃의 관찰을 통해 그 정서를 노래하기보다는 이미 자신이 가진 꽃에 대한 태도로 창작에 임하기에, 「花譜」의 작품은 구체적 보편성을 가지지 못한다. 안서는 민중 속으로 들어가 그들의 노래인 민요를 이해하고자 한 것이 아니라, 민중 밖에서 바라보는 태도로 민요적인 시를 창작하려 했다. 꽃은 대체로 그 생태와 관련해서 이름을 갖는데 그가 「花譜」에서 다룬 꽃의 특성을 살피는 것은, 우리가 자칫 잘못 인식하고 있는 꽃 이름과 변별점을 찾는 작업이 된다. All poems appearing in Anseo Kim Eok's ‘花譜(Hwabo)’ show traces of creation with verse in mind. Like this, his poems, which he explores “the city is a cigar and the streets of the people,” have a negative and regressive aspect. However, this is the focus on finding our poems and our emotions according to them. Anseo Kim Ek-eok consciously sought to shape flowers into poetry through the series of “Pictures” of the “東亞日報Dong-A Ilbo”. In “花譜2” and “花譜3”, prose and poems are also published for “Plum blossom” and “violet,” and “azalea flower”. Through his prose, we can see how he perceives flowers, which does not deviate from the conventional perception of flowers generally known. This can also be confirmed through the ‘flower language’ that is sometimes revealed. In addition, poems from “花譜4” to “花譜23” are published. This effort to explore the “distance between the cigar and the people” eventually results in a “folk song poetry”. His “folk song poetry” devised a form of poem, centering on Articles 7(8) and 5, with four lines as one piece and three or four pieces as one completed individual work. Even in this case, the traces of efforts to apply the rhyme of the time can be confirmed. The work of grasping the meaning of the existing flower and imagining it as a poem cannot escape the concept. Above all, good works are not confined to good content in a good form, but in a dialectical relationship in which the form becomes the content and the content becomes the form. In this regard, it can be positively evaluated for Anseo's search for a form that fits our emotions. However, in that he wanted to limit the meaning of the existing flowers within the frame of the form of poetry he created, his poetry cannot escape the limit flowing into ideas.

알코올성 치매의 신경심리학적 소견

김태유,김지원,김상윤,김준모,이동기,연권인,김민정,이은아,손정은 대한노인병학회 2004 대한노인병학회지 Vol.8 No.1

NGS_SNPAnalyzer: a desktop software supporting genome projects by identifying and visualizing sequence variations from next-generation sequencing data

Dong‑Jun Lee,Taesoo Kwon,Chang‑Kug Kim,Young‑Joo Seol,Dong‑Suk Park,Tae‑Ho Lee,Byung‑Ohg Ahn 한국유전학회 2020 Genes & Genomics Vol.42 No.11

Background Sequence variations such as single nucleotide polymorphisms are markers for genetic diseases and breeding. Therefore, identifying sequence variations is one of the main objectives of several genome projects. Although most genomeproject consortiums provide standard operation procedures for sequence variation detection methods, there may be differencesin the results because of human selection or error. Objective To standardize the procedure for sequence variation detection and help researchers who are not formally trainedin bioinformatics, we developed the NGS_SNPAnalyzer, a desktop software and fully automated graphical pipeline. Methods The NGS_SNPAnalyzer is implemented using JavaFX (version 1.8); therefore, it is not limited to any operatingsystem (OS). The tools employed in the NGS_SNPAnalyzer were compiled on Microsoft Windows (version 7, 10) andUbuntu Linux (version 16.04, 17.0.4). Results The NGS_SNPAnalyzer not only includes the functionalities for variant calling and annotation but also providesquality control, mapping, and filtering details to support all procedures from next-generation sequencing (NGS) data to variantvisualization. It can be executed using pre-set pipelines and options and customized via user-specified options. Additionally,the NGS_SNPAnalyzer provides a user-friendly graphical interface and can be installed on any OS that supports JAVA. Conclusions Although there are several pipelines and visualization tools available for NGS data analysis, we developedthe NGS_SNPAnalyzer to provide the user with an easy-to-use interface. The benchmark test results indicate that theNGS_SNPAnayzer achieves better performance than other open source tools.

조혈모세포이식 환자에서 침습성 진균 감염에 대한 Micafungin의 예방 효과 및 안전성

김시현,이동건,최수미,권재철,박선희,최정현,유진홍,이성은,조병식,김유진,이석,김희제,민창기,조석구,김동욱,이종욱,민우성,박종원 대한감염학회 2010 감염과 화학요법 Vol.42 No.3

Background: Micafungin, a potent inhibitor of 1,3-β-D-glucan synthase, is a novel antifungal agent of the echinocandin class. In vitro study showed that micafungin was effective against Aspergillus species as well as Candida species, but clinical data on the prophylactic efficacy against invasive fungal infections (IFIs) other than candidiasis are still lacking. Materials and Methods: We identified 60 consecutive adult hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) recipients who received at least 3 doses of micafungin during neutropenic period. Micafungin was started as an alternative in patients who were intolerant or had adverse events (AEs) to primary prophylactic antifungal agents. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records and analyzed the efficacy and safety of micafungin for prophylaxis against IFIs. Results: The patients either had autologous (n=9) or allogeneic (n=51: 1 syngeneic, 24 sibling, 26 unrelated donor) HSCT. Itraconazole oral solution (n=58) was the most frequently used first line antifungal agent for prophylaxis and was administered for median 11 days. The most frequent cause of switch to micafungin was vomiting (n=42). The duration of neutropenia and micafungin administration was median 13 and 12 days, respectively. A successful outcome was achieved in 45 (75%) patients. Empirical antifungal therapy was initiated in 13 (22%) patients. There were 2 cases (3.3%) of breakthrough fungal infections which comprised a probable invasive pulmonary aspergillosis and a possible invasive fungal sinusitis. There was no case of invasive candidiasis. A total of 53 (88%) patients experienced at least one AE regardless of causality during micafungin administration. The most frequent AEs were hypokalemia, vomiting, diarrhea, and elevated serum aspartate aminotransferase or alanine aminotransferase. Among the aforementioned AEs, only 1 case of diarrhea could be classified as a probable relation with micafungin when causality was assessed. There was no AEs that caused discontinuation of micafungin. Conclusions: Micafungin seems to be a safe and effective agent for prophylaxis of IFIs including aspergillosis as well as candidiasis in HSCT recipients. However, further large, prospective, and randomized comparative studies are warranted for aspergillosis.

만성 견비통에 대한 동씨침 치료의 무작위 대조군의 임상 연구

김찬영,권나현,신예지,남동우,김건형,김종인,최도영,이윤호,이재동 WHO COLLABORATING CENTRE FOR TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2007 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2007 No.-

Objectives : To observe the effect of acupuncture treatment in chronic shoulder pain patients. Methods : 36 voluntary patients were randomly assigned to an acupuncture treatment group(E GrouP, n=18) and a control group(C GrouP, n=18). The E Group patients received acupuncture treatment on LI_(15), TE_(14), GB_(21) and Master Dong's acupuncture points, Shin-gwan and Gyun-joong, twice a week for four weeks. The C Group patients received no treatment. All patients in both groups were instructed to practise self exercise in their daily lives. Evaluations were made at baseline and after four weeks of study. The Constant Shoulder Assessment(CSA), Shoulder Pain and Disability Index(SPADI) and the patient's subjective pain was measured by Visual Analogue Scale(VAS). The obtained data was analyzed. Results '. The E Group showed significant(p<0.05) improvement in CSA, SPADI and VAS after four weeks of treatment. The C Group showed significant(p<0.05) improvement in CSA, but the change of SPADI and VAS was insignificant(P>0.05). CSA and SPADI of E Group significantly(p<0.05) improved compared to the C GrouP, but the difference of VAS change in the two groups was insignificant(p>0.05). Conclusions : Four weeks of acupuncture treatment significantly improved CSA, SPADI and VAS. The improvement of CSA and SPADI was significant(p<0.05) compared to untreated patients.

정신과 입원환자의 서비스 만족척도의 개발

김철권,이지연,송영선,김규호,김경률,김제원,이동기,최병무 大韓神經精神醫學會 2006 신경정신의학 Vol.45 No.3

목적 본 연구의 목적은 국내 정신의료기관(정신병원, 종합병원 정신과)에서 간편하게 사용할 수 있는 신뢰도와 타당도가 검증된 입원환자의 서비스 만족척도를 개발하기 위한 것이다. 방법 여러 단계를 거쳐 국내 실정에 맞는 문항을 개발하였고,정신병원, 종합병원, 대학병원 정신과 병동에서 퇴원하는 348명의 환자들을 대상으로 신뢰도와 타당도를 조사하였다. 요인분석 결과 5개의 요인이 추출되었으며 전체 변량의 63.04%를 설명하였다. 내적 일관성에 대한 신뢰도 계수 (Crohnbach's α)는 0.95로 상당히 높은 수준이었고, 수정된 개별문항-총점 상관계수는 0.50부터 0.72까지의 범위에 속하였다. 요인분석을 통해 추출된 서비스 만족척도의 각 하위척도 점수와 서비스 만족척도에 첨부된 각 영역에 대해 전반적인 만족도를 묻는 세 개의 문항 점수 간의 상관성 역시 유의하게 높았다. 결과 진단명에 따른 서비스 만족척도의 전체 점수에서는 불안/신체형/강박장애 환자군과 기분장애 환자군이 각각 정신분열병 및 기타 정신병 환자군과 알코올중독 장애 환자군에 비하여 유의하게 높은 점수를 보였으며, 입원형태에 있어서는 자발적 입원군이 강제 입원군에 비하여 전체 만족점수가 유의하게 높았다. 그러나 성별, 월수입, 학력, 직업, 종교, 결혼상태 등의 변수에서는 서비스 만족척도의 전체 점수에서 유의한 차이가 발견되지 않았으며, 마찬가지로 연령, 입원일수, 입원횟수, 첫 발병나이, 유병기간 등의 임상적 변수에서도 서비스 만족척도의 전체 점수와 유의한 관계를 보이지 않았다. 서비스 만족척도의 전체점수에서 대학병원 환자군이 정신병원 환자군과 종합병원 환자군에 비하여 각각 유의하게 높았다. 결론 결론적으로 국내 정신의료기관에 입원한 환자들의 서비스 만족을 평가하기 위한 목적으로 개발된 본 척도는 높은 수준의 신뢰도와 타당도를 보였으며, 또 국내 정신의료 환경에 맞는 요인구조를 보였다. 따라서 정신의료 서비스에 대한 정신과 환자의 만족도에 대한 연구가 거의 없는 실정에서 본 척도의 개발은 향후 국내 정신의료의 질과 치료결과를 높이는 도구로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. Objectives : To develop and test the validity and reliability of a brief self-completed questionnaire (Service Satisfaction Scale : SSS) for routinely assessing the quality of service in psychiatric ward inpatients. Methods : A 30-item multidimensional questionnaire was developed by several steps of face validity and content validity. The questionnaire was administered to inpatients (n=348) discharged from psychiatric hospitals, general hospitals, and University hospitals. Construct validity was supported by performing principal component analysis. Reliability was estimated by calculating internal consistency of Cronbach's alpha. Results : Factor analysis yielded five factors comprising staff attitude, treatment quality, ward environment, access/cost, and ward rule, which account for 63.04% of the common variance. The internal consistency of the scale was high (Cronbach's alpha=0.95). The concurrent validity was supported by the significant correlation of each of five factors with item that measured overall satisfaction of SSS. Patients with neurosis (anxiety disorder, somatoform disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder) and mood disorders were significantly satisfied than those with psychosis and alcoholic disorders. Patients who admitted voluntarily were more significantly satisfied than those who admitted involuntarily. Sociodemographic variables such as age, gender, marital status, monthly income, education level, employment status and religion were not significantly different at the total scores of SSS. Similarly, clinical characteristics such as age of onset, duration of illness, lengths of hospital stay and number of previous hospitalization did not associate significantly with the total scores of SSS. Patients discharged from university hospitals were significantly more satisfied than those of the general and psychiatric hospitals. Conclusion : SSS performed well in the validity and reliability, indicating that it can be a useful tool for measuring Satisfaction of psychiatric inpatients in Korea.

목재가 선적된 선창에서 발생한 산소결핍에 의한 질식사

김동훈,김기권,장태정,김정란,이구,김수근,임현술 大韓法醫學會 2001 대한법의학회지 Vol.25 No.1

Oxygen deficiency has been frequent in a clouted space. Wood consumes oxygen and discharges carbon dioxide Instead of photosynthesis in closed space without light, so do some microorganisms on the surface. We experienced a case that a healthy Insect-proofer fell down and died of asphyxia on stair-board at 7 m below the hatch of the cargo-hold shipping wood Analysis of gases in cargo-hold revealed O2; 12.3%, CO; 105 ppm, CH4; 2.7%, and H2S; 1.9% at 1 m below the hatch, and then O2; 6.1%, CO; 220 ppm, CH4; 2.9%, and H2S, 2.3 ppm at 2.5 m below the hatch. Autopsy findings were unremarkable. We justiced the cause of death asphyxia due to oxygen deficiency. As seen in this case, the serious oxygen deficiency was accounted for oxygen consumption by wood and microorganisms.

설사와 산혈증에 의한 신생아 메트헤모글로빈혈증 2례

김두권,김영진,김기호,고희신,김우택,최성민,이동석,권경배 東國大學校 醫學硏究所 1995 東國醫學 Vol.3 No.-

메트헤모글로빈혈증은 환원 효소계 결핍이나 환원되지 않은 비정상 메트헤모글로빈을 가지는 선천성 질환 및 후천성 산화성 물질이나 약제에 노출될 때 생기게 되나, 신생아에서는 산화성 물질에의 감수성이 높은 동시에 환원효소의 활성이 낮으므로 산화성 물질에의 노출이 없이 설사, 산혈증 및 감염증 등에 의해서 일시적 메트헤모글로빈혈증이 일어날 수 있다. 저자들은 발열과 심한 설사 및 청색증을 주소로 내원한 생후 18일, 생후 19일된 남아 2례에서 메트헤모글로빈 혈증을 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. Methemoglobinemia is characterized by generalized cyanosis without cardiac and pulmonary diseases. Methemoglobin, yielded by oxidation of hemoglobin iron to the ferric state, is nonfunctional and imparts a chocolate hue to the blood. The blood of normal healthy persons contains methemoglobin, but the intraerythrocytic methemoglobin-reducing system maintains its concentration less than 2% of the total hemoglobin. Methemoglobinemia is caused by the inherited disorders of methemoglobin metabolism and the accidental ingestion of oxidizing agents and infection. Fetal hemoglobin has increased susceptability to oxidation NADH diaphorase activity is reduced to 60% of adult levels in newborn erythrocytes. Acute diarrhea and acidosis further reduce the activity of the enzyme. We experienced two cases of methemoglobinemia due to acute diarrhea and metabolic acidosis who were admitted to the department of pediatrics at Dong-Guk University Hospital. No history of toxin exposure could be elicited. Case 1 concerns a 19-day-old male neonate who had irritability, fever, cyanosis, tachypnea, severe diarrhea, mild metabolic acidosis and grunting without cardiac and pulmonary diseases. On the day of admission, methemoglobin level was 52.3% of the total hemoglobin. After the treatment with methylene blue which was purified by 0.45㎛ of Nalgene syringe filter(Nalge Co.), its level was decreased to 6% of the total hemoglobin, and then it reached a normal level at the 5th day after admission. Case 2 concerns a 18-day-old male neonate who had fever, diarrhea, mild metabolic acidosis and cyanosis around lips without cardiac and pulmonary diseases. At admission, his level of methemoglobin was 25.3% of the total hemoglobin. After twice injection of methylene blue its level was decreased to 4.4% of the total hemoglobin, and then it reached 1.3% of the total hemoglobin at the 7th day after admission. So, we report it with a brief review of relevant literatures.

베체트병 환자에서 Azathioprine으로 유발된 급성 췌장염 1례

김기향,권민정,김동기,김애란,김윤정,박지훈,이영태,박보민,김동욱 白中央醫療院 2005 仁濟醫學 Vol.26 No.1

Although many drug are thought capable of initiating acute pancreatitis, following azathioprine administration represents the 5% incidence by far the highest recorded incidence to date. We report a 35-year-old male who developed acute pancreatitis in the course of treatment with azathioprine for Behcet's disease. He was admitted due to abdominal pain, diarrhea, and fever for 10 days. Serum amylase and lipase levels were 510U/L and 3702U/L respectively. The abdominal CT scan revealed diffuse enlargement of the pancreas. There was no history of alcohol use or gall bladder disease. We considered drugs, especially azathioprine, as the cause of acute pancreatitis. We diagnosed it as acute pancreatitis. The patient was treated conservatively with hydration and analgesics. The symptom subsided within four days. Five days later, azathioprine was resumed. And the patient complained of abdominal pain. The elevated levels of serum amylase and lipase confirmed the recurrence of pancreatitis. His symptom subsided when azathioprine intake the stopped, and the serum amylase and lipase levels returned to normal level within five days.