Fast Eating Speed Increases the Risk of Endoscopic Erosive Gastritis in Korean Adults

Min-Kyung Kim,Byung Joon Ko,E-Yeon Kim,Byoung-Duck Han,조경환 대한가정의학회 2015 Korean Journal of Family Medicine Vol.36 No.6

Background: Fast eating or overeating can induce gastrointestinal diseases such as gastritis. However, the association between gastritis and speed of eating is unclear. The aim of this study was to determine whether eating speed is associated with increased risk of endoscopic erosive gastritis (EEG). Methods: We carried out a cross-sectional study involving 10,893 adults who underwent a general health checkup between 2007 and 2009. Two groups, EEG patients and EEG-free patients, were compared by using the t-test and the chi-square test. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to investigate the association between eating speed and EEG. Results: The group with EEG had a higher proportion of males, average age, body mass index, and percentages of current smokers and risky drinkers than those without EEG. After adjusting for anthropometric, social, and endoscopic parameters, the group with the highest eating speed (<5 min/meal) had 1.7 times higher risk for EEG than the group with the lowest eating speed (≥15 min/meal) (odds ratio, 1.71; 95% confidence interval, 1.20–2.45). Conclusion: High eating speed is an independent risk factor for EEG. Our results indicate the need for further studies to clarify the role of eating speed in gastritis.

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

[논문]Operational Characteristics of CO2 Laser Adopted by Superposing-Discharge

Hee-Je Kim,Hyun-Ju Chung,Byoung-Dae Min,Jong-Han Joung,Sung- lun Park 釜山大學校生産技術硏究所 2003 生産技術硏究所論文集 Vol.62 No.-

오늘날 현저한 CO2 레이저의 응용 추세에 발맞추어 보다 다양한 형태의 출력 제어 기술이 대두되고 있다. 본연구에서는multi-Pulse Superposing-Discharge 기술을 이용하여 다양한형태의 CO2 레이저의 펄스를 성형 하였다. 펄스 성형을 위한 방법으로 PIC one-chip microprocessor를 이용하여 삼중 PFN 모률의 SCR을 각각 고유의 지연시간을 가지도록 제어하였다. 실험에 사용된 삼중 PFN 모률의 전원 회로는 각각 캐패시터 인덕터,SCR,고압 펄스 트랜스 그리고 고압 트랜스 2차측에 브릿지 정류기로 구성 하였다. 고압 펼스 트랜스의 1차측을 제어하므로서 PFN 모률의 동작을 저 전압에서 수행 할 수 있다. 트랜스의 2차측에 연결된 전파 정류기는 펄스 에너지를 부하에 지속적으로 전달한다. 본 연구에서는 삼중 PFN 모률의 각각의 SCR을 다른 시간 가격을 두고 트리거 하므로서 다양한 Long pulse shaping을 실현하였다. 또한 약 250-1000μs 의 주기를 가지는 다양한 펄스형 레이저 빔을 얻었다.

상온 유동층에서 층내 수평전열관의 마모특성

한근희,김용철,류정인,선도원,민병무 한국화학공학회 2004 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.42 No.2

대부분의 유동층 연소장치에서 충물질과 비산된 입자에 의한 충내 전열관과 water wall의 전열관 표면의 마모는 계속적으로 골칫거리가 되고 있다. 본 연구는 단면적이 0.15m×0.30m인 상온유동층장치에서 마모하기 쉬운 아크릴 관을 사용하여 유동층에 파묻힌 전열관에 대하여 유동조건과 전열관의 배열효과에 대한 실험적인 연구를 나타냈다. 유동층의 단면적은 0.15m×0.30m이고 높이는 1.0m이다. 층물질은 강모래 평균입도 0.73, 1.24mm의 두 가지와, 평균입도 0.9mm의 무연탄 희재를 사용하였다. 유동층 높이는 0.45m이었다. 마모실험은 조건마다 100시간동안 유동화속도 1.2-1.8m/s 까지 변화시켜 수행하였다. 실험결과 마모율은 유동화속도가 증가할수록 증가하였고, 공기분배기로부터 떨어진 거리가 증가할수록 증가하였다. 그리고 공기분배기로부터 높이 0.6m의 비산영역에 위치한 전열관에 심한 마모를 나타냈다. 전열관의 원주방향에 대한 마모경향은 다른 부분과 비교하여 시계방향으로 4시 방향에서 8시 방향까지 심한 마모가 나타났고, 특히 5시 방향과 7시 방향은 심한 마모를 보였다. Erosion of in-bed tubes and water wall heat transfer surfaces by bed materials and elutriated particles have persistently plagued most fluidized bed combustion (FBC) systems. This papere presents a systematic experimental study of the effects of tube arrangement and flow condition on embedded tube erosion by using erosion-prone acrylic cylinders in a 0.15m×0.30m bench-scale cold fluidized bed. The bed material was two different sizes of river sand and anthracite ash with the average diameter of 0.73, 1.24, 0.90㎜, respectively. The static bed height was 0.45m. Erosion test was performed with the variation of fluidization velocity of 1.2 to 1.8m/s for 100 hours per set. The result shows that the erosion rate increased with fluidizing velocity, with distance from the distributor. The erosion was severe at the tube located in the splash zone of 60㎝ above the distributor. The trend with radial direction shows severe erosion at the 4-8 o'clock clockwise compare to other area, especially 5 and 7 o'clock clockwise.

국내에서 분리된 Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis Virus DNA의 제한효소분석

민원기,전무형,이중복,김병한,안수환 충남대학교부설 생명공학연구소 1991 생물공학연구지 Vol.1 No.-

Nine strains of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus(IBRV) isolated in Korea since 1970 were investigated to elucidate the pathogenicity on various cell lines and the reactivity in cross serum neutralization test. The genomes of the viruses were also studied by restriction endonuclease analysis to examine the genetical patterns and the origin of the viruses. Results obtained by experiment were as follows ; 1. In pathogenicity test on various cell lines by cytopathology and immunofluorescence antibody assay, MDBK cells were found to be very susceptible to all of the domestic isolates, Colorado and Oxford strains and RK-13 cells, mildly reactive to all of viruses. However, CV-1 and BHK cells revealed negligible reactions against all of viruses tested. 2. In cross serum neutralization(SN) test with the positive serum from the cattle immunized with PQ7 strain of IBRV, PQ7, SQ, VS, A14, TSV and S′74-7 strains showed 64 of SN titer, and IQ, QW, A37, Colorado and Oxford strains, 128 of SN titer. It was assumed that there is no difference in major antigenic determinants among the viruses. 3. By analysis of restriction endonuclease Hind Ⅲ, it was found that 8 domestic isolates except A37 and Colorado strain revealed the identical banding patterns. However, Oxford strain showed quite different patterns, displaying H band at 6.9×10 exp (6) daltons and K′band at 4.5×10 exp (6) daltons. A37 strain exclusively contained the longer bands of A′ and A″. 4. When the viral DNA were analyzed by restriction endonuclease EcoRI, all of the domestic isolates and Colorado strain showed very similar banding patterns, whereas Oxford strain revealed a considerable discrepancy, displaying B′ band at 12.5×10 exp (6) daltons. 5. By analysis of restriction endonuclease BamHI, it was found that the domestic isolates and Colorado strain revealed similar patterns displaying 8 fragments. However, Oxford strain was cleaved into 9 fragments displaying G′and G″ bands.

Stick모델을 이용한 차체의 중량계산

韓秉基,朴民浩 弘益大學校 科學技術硏究所 2001 科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.12 No.-

사회적 자본과 MNC 내부역량이 외국인투자기업의 연구개발 성과에 미치는 영향에 관한 실증연구

한병섭,서민교 한국경상학회, 한국국민경제학회 2006 경제연구 Vol.24 No.1

돌로마이트 슬러지를 이용한 세라믹스 제조

한상목,강상규,이승섭,이병민 강원대학교 석재복합신소재제품연구센터 1998 석재연 논문집 Vol.3 No.-

돌로마이트 폐기물 슬러지에 Al(OH)₃와 SiO₂를 첨가하여 코디어라이트와 규회석을 합성하고자 하였으나 1250℃소성으로 코디어라이트는 MAS조성에서 합성되지 않았으며 규회석은 합성이 되었다. 돌로마이트 내화물의 내수화성을 증가시키기 위해 슬러지에 Fe₂O₃를 6%이상 첨가하여 소성한 결과 입계에 (Ca·Mg·Al·Fe)SiO₂의 생성으로 인하여 내수화성이 증가되었다. The possibility of synthesis for the cordierite and wollastonite with dolomite waste sludge, Al(OH)₃ and SiO₂ was studied. With the composition of MAS, the cordierite was not synthesized at sintering of 1250℃ and the wollastonite was made at the same temperature. The addition of Fe₂O₃ above 6% to the dolomite for the antislaking behavior has promoted the sinterability of dolomite and (Ca·Mg·Al·Fe)SiO₂ at grain boundary was affecting the increase of antislaking.

LMS 방법을 이용한 차량충돌 안전성에 미치는 타이어 특성의 영향

韓秉基,朴民浩 弘益大學校 科學技術硏究所 2000 科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.11 No.-

In this study, the tire characteristics effects on car collision is simulated using LMS method during a frontal impact is carried out. Input data of the lumped mass spring model are obtained from Stick model of a target car. The 7-Mass 13-Spring LMS model is suggested to consider the structure of a specific car. The tire is modeled as a 1-Mass 2-Spring system with clearance. Deceleration-time curves obtained from the simulation of standard model are compared with NCAP test data from the NHTSA. They show a good agreement with frontal crash data. And to investigate the effects of tire stiffness and clearance on collision characteristic, these values is changed within -20% ∼ +20%. For the case of S-car, the safety is improved when the stiffness of tire is decreased and the clearance is increased. For the case of T-car, the safety is nearly not changed when the stiffness of tire and the clearance is changed. From this results we can see the stiffness of tire and the clearance is not a important factor to the collision safety of well designed car.

옵�V 인쇄기의 소음특성

민병기,이승한 가톨릭대학산업의학쎈타 산업의학연구소 1993 韓國의 産業醫學 Vol.32 No.3

For the purpose of disclosing noise characteristics of offset printing machines and obtaining reference materials for the prevention of occupational deafness of their operators, sound levels and octave band sound pressure levels of 117 machines in 53 printing firms in Seoul and Kimpo-gun area, were investigated with special reference to their maximum paper size, the speed of rollers, the number of printing colors and the age of the machines. The results were as follows : 1. About fifty-seven percent of 468 noise measurements showed sound levels of 85-89 dB(A) and about 9% showed sound levels of 90-94 dB(A). The majority of machines investigated belonged to low frequency type noise sources. 2. Sound levels of printing machines increased as the maximum paper size increased. 3. Sound levels of printing machines increased as the speed of rollers increased. 4. Sound levels of printing machines tended to increase up to 4-color printing processes as the number of printing colors increased. 5. Sound levels of printing machines tended to increase in parallel with the age of machines up to 15 years. 6. Stepwise multiple regression analyses showed that sound levels were most significantly contributed by the maximum paper size, followed by the speed of rollers. Meanwhile, octave band sound pressure levels were most significantly contributed by the maximum paper size in lower frequencies, followed by the speed of rollers, On the other hand, in higher frequency zones, sound pressure levels were significantly contributed by the speed of rollers which was follewed by the maximum paper size.