Flangeless Esser PET Phantom 영상 자동 분석 프로그램의 유용성 평가

남궁창경,남기표,김경식,김정선,임기천,신상기,조시만,동경래,NamGung, Chang-Kyeong,Nam, Ki-Pyo,Kim, Kyeong-Sik,Kim, Jeong-Seon,Lim, Ki-Cheon,Shin, Sang-Ki,Cho, Shee-Man,Dong, Kyung-Rae 대한핵의학기술학회 2009 핵의학 기술 Vol.13 No.1

Purpose: ACR (American College of Radiology) offers variable parameters to PET/CT quality control by using ACR Phantom. ACR Phantom was made to evaluate parameters which are uniformity, attenuation, scatter, contrast and resolution. Manual analysis method wasn't good for the use of QC because values of parameter were changed as it may user and it takes long time to analysis. Ki-Chun Lim, a nuclear scientist in AMC, developed program that automatically analysis values of parameter by using ACR Phantom to overcome above problems. In this study, we evaluated automatic analysis program's usability, through the comparing SUV of each method, reproducibility of SUV when repeated analysis and the time required. Materials and Methods: Using Flangeless Esser PET Phantom, the ideal ratio of 4 : 1 hot cylinder and BKG but it actually showed a ratio of 3.89 to 1 hot cylinder and BKG. SIEMENS Biograph True Point 40 was used in this study. We obtained images using ACR phantom at Fusion WB PET Scan condition (2 min/bed) and 120 kV, 100 mAs CT condition. Using True X method, 3 iterations, 14 subsets, Gaussian filter, FWHM 4 mm and Zoom Factor 1.0, $168{\times}168$ image size. We obtained Max. & Min. SUV and SUV Mean values at Cylinder (8, 12, 16, 25 mm, Air, Bone, Water, BKG) by automatic program and obtained SUV by manual method. After that, we compared manual and automatic method. we estimate the time required from opened the image data to final work sheet was completed. Results: Automatic program always showed same result and same the time required. At 8, 12, 16 and 25 m cylinder, manual method showed 6.69, 3.46, 2.59, 1.24 CV values. The larger cylinder size became, the smaller CV became. In manual method, bone, air, water's CV were over 9.9 except BKG (2.32). Obtained CV of Mean SUV showed BKG was low (0.85) and bone was high (7.52). The time required was 45 second, 882 second respectably. Conclusions: As a result of difference automatic method and manual method, automatic method showed always same result, manual method showed that the smaller hot cylinders became, the lager CV became. Hot cylinders mean region size, the smaller hot cylinder size becomes we had some trouble in doing ROI poison setting. And it means increase in variation of SUV. The Study showed the time required of automatic method was shorten then manual method.

THE DEVELOPMENT OF A UV FLAME DETECTOR FOR THE AUTOMATIC FIRE SUPPRESSION SYSTEM FOR ENGINE COMPARTMENT FIRES

Lim,Sung-Mook,Jung,Ki-Chang,Kim,Eung-Sik,Kim,Hong 한국화재소방학회 1997 한국화재소방학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.1997 No.-

In this work, a new type of UV flame detection system was developed. In order to measure the performance of UV flame detector, various kinds of experiments was performed. The results show that the maximum response time of the UV flame detector is 0.2 seconds when the detection distance is one meter The advantages of this system include wide area, high speed response and high sensitivity. After testing the W flame detector in engine compartment it detected fire within 0.09 seconds and extinguished within 5 seconds. Hence, the UV flame detector can be applied in automatic fire suppression system for automobiles.

레이저에 의한 유리내부의 첨가이온의 전하상태 변화

임기수, 장경식, 신종호, 이수천 忠北大學校部設基礎科學硏究所 2006 自然科學硏究 Vol.20 No.-

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무수프탈산을 취급하는 근로자들의 알레르기 질환 유병 실태

임현술,김수근,김기식 大韓産業醫學會 1998 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.10 No.4

Phthalic anhydride(PA) is widely used in the production of alkyd and unsaturated polyester resins. It has been reported that some workers exposed to PA have developed dermatitis, rhinitis and asthma. The authors intended to investigate the prevalence of PA induced allergic diseases and to develop preventive measures of occupational diseases. Forty-five male workers from PA production and handling were selected as an exposure group. Forty-four male workers not handling PA at tie same factory were chosen as a reference group. A symptom questionnaire, doctor's examination, eosinophil count, serum-total IgE and PA-specific IgE were done on the subjects. There were no significant differences in age, educational level. tenure or smoking habits between groups. Most clinical symptoms were significantly more frequent among the exposure group than the reference group: sneezing(62.2%), rhinorrhea(57.8%), nasal stuffiness(53.3%), coughing(44.4%) and nasal itching(35.6%) were the major symptoms among the exposure group(p<0.01, p<0.05). There were no significant differences in eosinophil count and serum-total IgE between groups but the mean level in PA-specific IgE, in the exposure group, was statistically significantly higher than the reference group(p<0.01). Abnormal rates of eosinophil count, serum-total IgE and PA-specific IgE were not significantly different from each other. The prevalence rate was 68.9%(31 cases) for allergic rhinitis in the exposure group, statistically significantly higher than the reference group(p<0.01). The prevalence rate was 6.7%(3 cases) for bronchial asthma and contact dermatitis in the exposure group, not more statistically significant than the reference group. In the exposure group, the prevalence rate for age, educational level, tenure, smoking habits and use of protective devices are not statistically significant. In PA specific IgE, sensitivity is 10.8%, specificity is 100.0%, positive predictability is 100.0% and negative predictability is 61.2% when criteria point is 3.5 KU/ιor above. As a result, it was recognized that the exposure group had a high prevalence of PA induced allergic rhinitis. Also, in diagnosis of PA induced allergic diseases, medical histories and specific symptoms were the most important where as eosinophil count, serum-total IgE are the only indirect informations. PA-specific IgE has been needed to evaluate the meanings more.

釜山地域産業의 成長要因分析 : 1985-1990

이대식,임정덕,최기환 부산대학교 1995 地域經濟硏究 Vol.- No.4

만성폐쇄성 폐질환 환자에서 적혈구 항산화효소의 변화

국기용,이만재,조희충,임영국,박일,김원식,이승일,이병래 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 1993 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.18 No.1

Toxic oxygen free radicals have been implicated as important pathologic mediators in many clinical disordesrs. Enhandng the intracellular content of antioxidant enzymes can provide means of limiting biological damage caused by oxygen free radicals. Many investigations have examined the potential of various oxyradical scavengers to modulate oxyradical injury. The oxygen free radicals play a role in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. To investigate the pulmonary oxyradical injury and the protective role of antioxidant enzymes, author measured the amount of thiobarbituric acid reactants, the activiteies of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase) and the sulfhydryl groups in serum and red blood cells from the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease groups and the normal controls. The thiobarbituric acid reactant in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease groups was increased than the controls in both serum and red blood cells, and the superoxide dismutase activity in red blood cells was no statistically difference in both groups. But, the glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities were lowered in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease groups than the controls. The sulfhydryl groups in serum and red blood cells were no statistically difference in both groups. These results suggest that the increased thiobarbituric acid reactant in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease groups mean oxygen radical toxicity, and the decreased glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities may play a role in cellular injury.

다발성 대장암 간전이 환자의 간절제를 위한 새로운 시도

주종우,김형철,임철완,신응진,조규석,유기원,송옥평,홍대식,박성진,조준희,이혜경,김희경,권계원,고은석 순천향의학연구소;Soonchunhyang Medical Research Institute 2004 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.10 No.2

Multiple bilobar liver matastases (MBLM) are the main cause of low resectability in the colon cancer liver metastases. The authors experienced one case of initially non-resectable colon cancer liver metastases. He was curatively and safely treated with a two-stage hepatectomy using the new method of future remnant liver volume growing. A 54-year-old man was referred to our department with the sigmoid colon cancer combined with MBLM, which were checked in two small metastatic lesions in the left lobe and five large sized lesions in the right lobe in the computed tomogram (CT). A laparoscopic assisted anterior resection was primarily performed. We performed the 1^(st) stage hepatectomy 3 weeks after the colon resection. Intra-operative Ultrasonogram (US) found 9 small superficial metastatic lesions in the left lobe. All that lesions were completely removed by non-anatomical wedge resection. An occlusion ballon catheter was placed in the right portal vein through a small branch of the inferior mesenteric vein at that time. The future remnant liver volume was sufficiently increased 3 weeks after the 1^(st) hepatectomy. A right hepatectomy was safely performed 22 days after the 1^(st) hepatectomy. The patient received a regional chemotherapy (interleukin2 based immuno-chemotherapy through hepatic artery) for 4 months, then received 9 cycles of systemic chemotherapy (biweekly Oxaliplation, leucovorin, plus 5-fluorouracil) without any recurrence evidence.

말초혈액에서 Tg mRNA에 대한 역전사 중합효소 연쇄 반응법의 갑상선 재발암의 분자생물학적 진단

권성일,박기룡,김현영,신채희,임영찬,최영식,박요한,이강대,장희경,이재화,염하용 대한내분비학회 2002 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.17 No.4

연구배경: 갑상선암은 다른 조직에 발생한 암에 비해 비교적 천천히 자라므로 대부분 예후가 양호하지만, 일부에서는 주위 조직으로 침윤하거나 혹은 원격 전이로 인하여 치명적인 결과를 초래할 수 있다. 갑상선전절제술 및 131^I 제거술 후 경과 관찰시 갑상선암의 재발과 전이의 진단에 있어 131^I 스캔과 혈청 Tg의 측정이 현재 임상에서 가장 많이 이용되고 있으나 이 방법에는 여러 가지의 결점이 있다. 최근 Tg mRNA에 대한 RT-PCR법을 이용한 여러 연구결과는 131^I 스캔과 혈청 Tg 측정의 결점을 보완할 수 있는 좋은 보조적인 진단법으로 이용할 수 있을 가능성을 제시하였다. 이에 말초혈액에서 측정한 Tg mRNA에 대한 RT-PCR법이 갑상선 절제술 및 방사성요드 치료 후 갑상선암의 재발 및 전이 유무의 진단에 유용한가를 알아보고자 이 연구 시행하였다. 방법: 분화된 갑상선암으로 진단된 후 갑상선전절제술을 시행받고 방사성요드 치료를 받은 환자 중 현재까지 한차례에 이상 추적 방사성요드 전신 스캔을 시행하고 추적관찰이 가능했던 유두선암 35예, 여포선암 5예를 대상으로 연구를 시행하였다. 대상군은 131^I 스캔 소견상 음성인 군(Group Ⅰ), 잔여조직이 있는 군(Group Ⅱ), 국소전이가 있는 군(Group Ⅲ), 및 원격전이 군(Group Ⅳ)으로 구분하였다. 정상 대조군은 갑상선질환이 없는 10예의 건강인으로 하였다. 대상환자의 말초혈액을 이용한 Tg mRNA에 대해 특이적인 primer를 이용하여 RT-PCR 및 nested RT-PCR을 시행하였다. 결과: 본 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 131^I 스캔 소견상 음성인 군 21예 중 1예에서 Tg가 양성소견을 보였다. Anti Tg Ab가 양성인 4예 모두 Tg가 음성을 보였다. 잔여조직이 있거나 국소전이 및 원격전이를 보인 군 19예 중 Tg가 양성인 경우는 4예였으나, Tg mRNA는 전예에서 양성이었다. 2) 131^I 스캔에서 국소 및 원격전이 소견을 보인 8예 중 4예에서 Tg가 음성으로 131^I 스캔과 혈청 Tg 사이에 불일치 소견을 보였다. 3) 말초혈액에서 특이적인 primer를 이용하여 RT-PCR 및 nested RT-PCR을 시행한 결과 대상군 40예 및 정상 대조군 10예 모두에서 Tg mRNA가 양성을 보였다. 결론: 본 연구에서 갑상선 절제술 및 방사성요드 치료 후 갑상선암의 재발 및 전이 유무를 평가함에 있어 역전사 중합효소 연쇄 반응법을 이용한 Tg mRNA 측정의 의의는 재평가되어야 한다고 생각된다. Background: Differentiated thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy. Despite advances in the treatment of thyroid cancer, disease recurrence and metastasis may occur in as many as 20% of patients, and so continues to pose major problems in its clinical management. Serum thyroglobulin (Tg) measurements, by immunoassay, are used to detect residual or recurrent thyroid cancer following thyriod ablation. However, the usefulness of immunoassay is limited by both the requirement for thyroid hormone withdrawal, to attain optimal test sensitivity, and interference by the antithyroglobulin antibody (Anti-Tg Ab). Recent studies have reported the clinical usefulness of reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) detection of Tg mRNA in the peripheral blood of patients with differentiated thyroid carcinomas. We performed this study to evaluated the usefulness RT-PCR of Tg mRNA in peripheral blood of patients with thyroid carcinoma following a total thyroidectomy and radioiodine ablation therapy. Methods: Forty cases that underwent a total thyroidectomy and radioiodine ablation therapy were included in this study. Of the 40 patients, 35 were papillary carcinomas and 5 were follicular carcinomas. Ten normal control subjects were also studied. Tg mRNA was extracted. Then RT-PCR and nested RT-PCR, were run with specific Tg primers. Concurrently, DNA sequencing of the isolates was carried out to prove the isolates were identical to the nucleotide sequence of the Tg. Results: The Tg was detected in 4 of 19 patients, with either a residual thyroid bed, or metastasis, on a 131^I whole body scan and in 1 of 21 patients with a negative radioiodine scan. Surprisingly, the Tg mRNA was detected in all the patients and normal controls. Conclusion: From our results we can not recommend Tg mRNA, detected by RT-PCR in peripheral blood, as a tumor marker superior to that of the Tg serum level. We consider an intensive re-evaluation of the method is required before considering its clinical applications (J Kor Soc Endocrinol 17:501∼513, 2002).

한국어 대용량 음성인식에서의 효율적인 시간 감축에 관한 연구

장춘서,이기수,신윤식,임은기,김병만,김현수 금오공과대학교 산업기술개발연구원 2000 産業技術開發硏究 Vol.16 No.-

In this paper a time reduction algorithm for large vocabulary speech recognition system has been studied. TDNN(Time Delay Neural Network) was used to classify vowel using phonetical fetures. To increase performance of vowel classification, modular TDNN architecture associated with 2 states input layer has been suggested.

한의진단명과 진단요건의 표준화 연구 III : 3차년도 연구결과 보고

최선미,양기상,최승훈,박경모,박종현,심범상,김성우,노석선,이인선,정진홍,이진용,김달래,임형호,김윤범,박성식,송태원,김종우,이승기,최윤정,신순식 한국한의학연구원 1997 한국한의학연구원논문집 Vol.3 No.1

The diagnostic requirements were suggested and explained regarding the systems of differentiation of symptoms and signs in the third year study of standardization and unification of the terms and conditions used for diagnosis in oriental medicine. The systems were as follows : - analyzing and differentiating of epidemic febrile disease - analyzing and differentiating in accordance with the Sasang constitution medicine based on four-type recognition - differentiation of disease according to pathological changes of Chong and Ren channels - standards for diagnosis of women's disease - standards for diagnosis of children's disease - standards for diagnosis of motor and sensor disturbance (-muscle. born, joint, etc.) - standards for diagnosis of neuropsychiatric disease - standards for diagnosis of five sense organ disease - standards for diagnosis of external disease The indivisual diagnosis pattern was arranged by the diagnostic requirements in the following order : another name, notion of diagnosis pattern, index of differentiation of symptoms and signs, the main point of diagnosis, analysis of diagnosis pattern, discrimination of diagnosis pattern, prognosis, a way of curing a disease, prescription, herbs in common use, disease appearing the diagnosis pattern, documents. The standards for diagnosis of each disease was arranged by the diagnostic requirements in the following order : another name, notion of disease, the main point of diagnosis, analyzing and differentiating of disease, analysis of disease, discrimination of disease, prognosis, a way of curing and prescription of disease, disease in western medicine appearing the disease in oriental medicine, documents.