어린이의 사시교정술시 인공호흡수와 심박수와의 상관관계

강종만,김종성,김희수,염명걸 대한마취과학회 2001 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.41 No.4

Correlation between Respiratory Rates and the Degree of Bradycardia in Strabismus Surgery in Children Jong-Man Kang, M.D., Hee-Soo Kim, M.D., Chong0Sung Kim, M.D. and Myung-Kul Yum, M.D.^* Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, and ^*Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea Background: Strabismus surgery is frequent in pediatric ophthalmic surgery. Traction on the extra-ocular muscles can trigger an oculocardiac rdflex. We investigated the correlation between respiratoy rates and the degree of bradycardia to find another management for preventing oculocardiac reflex. Methods: NO premedications were administered. They were induced with thiopental and vecuronium and maintained with O_@-enflurane-N_2O. The tidal volume was 10 ml/kg. Respiratory rate of group 1 (n = 18) was fixed at 24 bpm, group 2 (n = 18) at 20 bpm, and group 3 (n = 19) at 16 bpm. We measured the mean heart rate from intubation to the beginning of surgery and defined this as the basal heart rate. We defined the lowest heart rate after traction of the extraocular muscles as the minimal heart rate. We calculated the correlation coefficient between the respiratory rate and basal heart rate, minimal heart rate, the change of heart rates and E_tCO_2. Results: There was a positive correlation between the respiratory rate and the basal heart rate, and minimal heart rate. There was no correlation between the respiratory rate and the change of heart rate. There was no difference in E_tCo_2 among the 3 groups. Conclusions: Can be increased both basal heart rate in anesthetized patients and minimal heart rate induced by oculocardiac reflex by making the respiratory rate more rapid if there is no significant difference of E_tCO_2. The oculocardiac reflex may be reduced by making respiratory rate more rapid if there is no significant influence on minute ventilation. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2001; 41: 450~454)

리조트소속 에이전트가 현장에서 경험하는 직무만족과 불만족 요인 및 대안 탐색

강명구(Kang, Myung-Goo),송희경(Song Hee-Kyung) 한국체육과학회 2016 한국체육과학회지 Vol.25 No.4

This study is to examine influence factors belonging resort agent on job satisfaction and dissatisfaction in the field experience with analyzing in depth in order to provide alternatives and the basis for a university, sports agencies, resorts and ministries responsible for training of agents. To accomplish the purpose of the study, 89 agents belonging to resorts in Gangwon Province. are subjected to questionnaire with open questionnaire as a phenomenological method. To support of the open questionnaire results, in-depth interviews were conducted by selection of 5 representative agents. To examine job satisfaction and dissatisfaction factors with open questionnaire, questionnaire from the study of Kang, Myung-Goo(2013), Lee, Jung yeon(2003) and Byun, Jae-Woo, Kim Woo-Sung(2014) is used after revising to fit for the study. Data collection was conducted from 1st December 2015 to 31st of January 2016 with open questionnaire and in-depth interviews in order. Data analysis was implemented as area analysis and classification analysis and the results are as follows. First, for job satisfaction factors of agent belonging to the resort, 5 sub-categories of the work achievement, aptitude for work, business creativity, flexibility of work and interpersonal relationships with 17 concepts are extracted. Second, for job dissatisfaction factors of agent belonging to the resort, 5 sub-categories of inefficiencies, conflict, competition, environmental sensitivity and shift pattern of working with 14 concepts are extracted. Third, for the alternative of job dissatisfaction for agent belonging to the resort, 3 sub-categories of supports on social environment, variety of promotions and improvement in conditions with 8 concepts are extracted.

노인의 영적 간호요구

최미혜,김경희,김귀옥,김기숙,김수강,김정신,김춘숙,노흥진,박지연,성혜연,오명선,이선희,이원옥,이윤영,이현수,장명재,차혜경,채정선,홍상희 중앙대학교 의과대학 간호학과 간호과학연구소 2001 중앙간호논문집 Vol.5 No.1

This study was designed to exam the aged's needs for spiritual nursing care. The purpose was to serve as a basis for the development of spiritual nursing practice. The major findings are as follows : 1. The degree of needs for spiritual nursing care as area was that needs of love and relationship mean 22.0, needs of meaning and object mean 28.2, needs of forgiving mean 13.5. Total needs for spiritual nursing care mean 63.7, which was on the upper middle level. The needs of meaning and object was rated highest. 2. Among the general characteristics of the subjects, needs of love and relatiohship wasn't significanlty different. 3. Among the general characteristics of the subjects, needs of meaning and object was significantly different according to two factors : age(F=7.260, p=0.001), religion(F=5.275, p=0.001). Higher needs of meaning and object was possessed by the older than the younger, by the one who have religion than the other. 4. Among the general characteristics of the subjects, four factors made a significantly difference to needs of forgiving : sex(t=-2.851, p=0.006), age(F=8.201, p=0.001), religion(F=6.928, p=0.000), disease(t=2.327, p=0.024). Higher needs of forgiving was possessed by man than woman, by the older than the younger, by the one who have religion than the other, by the one who have disease than the other.

간호실무에서 신봉이론(Espoused theories)에 대한 탐색적 연구

서문자,김혜숙,이은희,박영숙,조경숙,강현숙,임난영,김주현,이소우,조복희,이명하,지성애,하양숙,손영희,권성복,김희진,추진아 성인간호학회 2001 성인간호학회지 Vol.13 No.1

As a nursing practice involves nurses' actions in a specific context of health care, this study has focused on exploring the espoused theories in nursing practice within the action science perspectives, Espoused theories are the belief, principles, and rationale expressed by the practitioner as guiding her/his actions in a situation of practice. The data were analysed qualitatively and 25 elements of espoused theories of nursing action were identified and clustered into 6 categories. The 25 elements of espoused theories are as follows: The clinical nurse worked in wholistic and individual nursing, focussed on the patient's needed, comfort and supportive nursing (5 theories of nursing goal) ; excellent skills, knowledge based, assessment and data collection, explaining, educating or a scientific basis(6 theories of nursing intervention): advocacy, value oriented, treatment, account- ability and commitment(4 theories of nursing ethics) ; human respect. partnership, trust(3 theories of patient-nurse relationship) : knowledgable, accumulated clinical experiences and personally lived experiences. positive perspectives(4 theories of nurse), role of intervention. rewarding peer relationship(3 theories of situations) The above mentioned espoused theories are similar to that of nursing textbooks which students learned through basic nursing education and almost the same as the Acts ofa Nurse in Korean. However, we are doubtful whether nurses actually do as they think. Therefore. it is recommended to review the theories-in-use in order to and any discrepancies between the espoused theories and the reality of nursing actions

가정통신을 활용한 P.E.T. 프로그램이 부모의 양육태도에 미치는 영향

강명희 한국아동교육학회 2003 아동교육 Vol.12 No.2

The goals of the present study were to develop P.E.T. program used the school-home correspondences and know how to affect it on attitudes of parents' child-rearing. The subjects of the study were 400 parents who had kindergarteners. Subjects were classified into two groups and assigned to the P.E.T. program with the leters, kindergarten-home correspondences for eight weeks. One group was selected as the experimental group, the other group class was selected as the control group. The program was implemented for 8 weeks, a session a week. After these parents in experimental group recorded the results of this program applied in each home, checked their child-rearing attitude in the questionnaires which researcher set out. These effectiveness of the program was a modified version of Schaefer's MBRI(Maternal Behavior Research Instrument) by Won-Young Rhee(1983). These questionnaires were administered to the subjects before, under experiment and after the program. Collected data were analyzed by ANCOVA. The finding of the study are as follow: First, the experimental group which took part in P.E.T. with kindergarten-home correspondences of affective and self-controlled attitude showed that the grade increased more than control group. Second, the experimental group which participated in P.E.T. with kindergarten-home correspondences of rejective and controlled attitude showed that the grade decreased less than control group. According to the result, it indicated that this P.E.T. program used the school-home correspondences was effective in helping parents positively change their attitudes of child-rearing.

Streptococcus faecalis var. liquefaciens 의 Plasmid 와 변이주 형질의 연관성

姜國熙,李命基,金榮勳,李春花,朴淵姬 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1986 論文集 Vol.37 No.2

Lac^- and Prt^- variants were selected from Str. faecalis var. liquefaciens SKD-1007 by acrifiavin treatment. Prt^- Lac^- variant was obtained from Prt^- vaiant by mitomycin C treatment. The plasmid of variants showed same pattern with parent strain. Plasmid cured variants(SKR1, SKR2, SKR3) were obtained from parent treated by novobiocin. SKR3 variant which lost pSK6 plasmid(2.1 Mdal) was sensitive to lincomycin and erythromycin. The results implied that pSK6 plasmid of test strain was associated with antibiotic resistance (L.M, EM).

Surface Rolling 時 作業條件이 表面粗度에 미치는 硏究

강명순,김희남,전영식 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 1984 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.3 No.-

The surface rolling method which is one of the plastic deformation processes makes good surface roughness with reduction of diameter and increase of hardness. In this study, three NACHI 6000 ZZ bearing were used for surface rolling tool on a mild steel and high carbon steel. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of rolling on surface roughness, however the auther also observed the reduction of workpiece diameter and hardness increase of the surface. By this study the following results have been obtained with the mild steel and high carbon steel. 1. The surface roughness is affected by the factors such as elements of rolling speed, feed, and the applied force. 2. The surface roughness increased when rolling speed increased and when rolling speed is 12 m/min and feed is constant (0.36 mm/rev) the finest surface roughness has been produced for mild steel and high carbon steel. 3. When the rolling speed is fixed (12m/min from item 2), the slower the feed the better roughness has been obtained. When feed was 0.261 m/min the roughness was (0.18μRa∼0.22μRa) for mild steel and for high carbon steel when the rolling speed was 5m/min and feed was 0.36 mm/rev, the roughness of 0.39μRa∼0.42μRa has been obtained. 4. The finest surface roughness has been obtain when the applied rolling force is 0.5 Kg/mm and 0.56㎏/mm for mild steel and high carbon steel respectively.

영어의 결속 현상에 관한 소고

강명우,이고희 조선대학교 사범대학 부설 교과교육연구소 2002 敎科敎育硏究 Vol.23 No.1

A Consideration of Binding Phenomena in English. This paper aims to examine how binding theories developed and how they can be explained in the generative transformational framework and give help in English grammar education related to binding phenomena in English. The Binding Theory is concerned with coreference between two elements in a sentence. Since Chomsky proposed the Binding Theory in his "Lectures on Government and Binding" by trying to incorporate the Tensed-S Condition and Specified Subject Condition into a concept of Governing Category, there have been various discussions and alternatives. The binding theories investigated here are those proposed by Chomsky (1981, 1986), Huang (1983), and those in the minimalist framework of Chomsky (1993, 1995).

웹 기반 토론에서 학습 스타일에 따른 학습자간 상호작용의 유형 및 토론능력 비교

강명희,권윤성 이화여자대학교 교육과학연구소 2000 교육과학연구 Vol.31 No.3

본 연구는 웹 기반 토론에서 학습자의 학습 스타일(적응자, 분산자, 융합자, 수렴자)에 따른 학습자-학습자상호작용(learner-learner interaction)의 유형 및 상호작용 내용 면에서의 질적 수준인 토론 능력은 어떻게 달라지는지를 비교 분석하는 데 그 목적이 있다. 이와 같은 연구 목적에 따른 세부적인 연구 문제는 다음과 같다. 1.학습 스타일에 따라 학습자-학습자 상호작용의 유형에는 차이가 있는가? 2.학습 스타일에 따라 학습자-학습자 상호작용의 내용 면에서의 질적 수준인 토론 능력에는 차이가 있는가? 연구 결과는, 학습 스타일에 따른 학습자-학습자 상호작용의 유형 중 의미단위의 사용(F=4.436, p<.05), 참여적(게시자료 수) (F=5.608, p<.05), 사회적(F=3/756, p<.05), 상호작용적(F=4.744, p<.05), 인지적 차원(F=3.743, p<.05)의 상호작용 유형에서 통계적으로 유의미한 차이가 나타났고, 메타인지적 차원의 상호작용 유형에서는 통계적으로 유의미한 차이가 나타나지 않았다((F=.599, p<.05). 학습자의 학습 스타일에 따라 토론 능력에는 차이가 있는지를 비교해 본 결과 학습 스타일에 따라 토론능력 평가 점수도 유의미한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다(F=7.774, p<.05). This study provides the basic guidelines for utilizing of the web as means of interactions among students.Types of learner-learner interactions and the discussion quality were analyzed based on learning style(Accomodators, Divergers, Assimilators, Convergergers). Research questions are: 1.Is there any difference among learner-learner interaction types based on learning styles? 2.Is there any difference in the discussion quality based on learning styles? The results of this research are as follows: First, as a result of the analysis to the learning style, there are significant statistical differences in the Unit of Meaning(=4.436, p<.05), participative Dimension(F=5.608, p<.05), Social Dimension(F=3.756, p<.05), interactive Dimension(F=4.744, p<.05), and cognitive Dimension(F=3.743, p<.05).However, there is little significant difference in the Metacognitive Dimension(F=.599, p<.05). Second, as a result of the analysis to find out the differences in the discussion quality level of the content in learner-learner interactions, according to the learning style, there are significant statistical differences (F=7.774, p<.05), in the discussion quality level of the content between Accomodators-Divergers and between Accommodators-Convergers.The level of Accomodators was significantly higher than the other categories.

스터드와 볼트를 사용한 합성구조물의 전단연결재의 거동

강재순,김용희,이명동 경남대학교 신소재연구소 1999 論文集 Vol.11 No.-

강-콘크리트 합성구조물에서 전달연결재는 강재와 콘크리트의 합성을 담당하고, 양쪽 부재가 일체로써 외력에 저항하도록 그 접촉면에 엇갈림 방지를 위해 사용된다. 본 실험에서는 스터드와 볼트를 전달연결재로 사용한 공시체를 제작하여 정적재하실험(push-out test)을 행하였다. 본 연구에서는 정적재하실험과 수치해석을 수행하여 스터드와 볼트 전달연결재의 역학적 거동을 분석하고, 국내외 설계기준과 비교 ? 검토를 통해 전달연결재에 대한 기초적인 자료를 제공하고자 한다. Shear connector in composite structures which is used to connect steel and concrete. resists a n external force and prevents on the contact plane. Shear connector, made of stud and bolt, was used for this study. This study used push-out test and numerical analysis to analyze statical behavior of the shear connector. These sults were compared to the design standards of various nations to provide preliminary data for the study of shear connector.