The Effect of Rosiglitazone on the Cell Proliferation and the Expressions of p27 and Skp2 in<i>Helicobacter pylori</i>Infected Human Gastric Epithelial Cells

Kim, Sung-Soo,Cho, Young-Seok,Kim, Hyung-Keun,Shin, Ok-Ran,Chae, Hiun-Suk,Choi, Myung-Gyu,Chung, In-Sik The Korean Society of Gastroenterology 2010 대한소화기학회지 Vol.55 No.4

<P>Background/Aims: Ligands for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorgamma (PPARgamma), a member of the ligand-activated nuclear receptor superfamily, exhibit anti-tumoral effects and are associated with de novo synthesis of proteins involved in regulating the cell cycle and cell survival/death. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is an etiologic agent for gastric adenocarcinoma, and raises the cell turnover of gastric epithelium. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of PPARgamma ligand rosiglitazone on the cell proliferation and the expressions of p27 and Skp2 protein in H. pylori infected gastric epithelial cells. Methods: We examined the expression of PPARgamma by Western blot in H. pylori infected AGS human gastric epithelial cells. The effect of rosiglitazone on the survival of H. pylori infected AGS cells was assessed by cell viability assay. After the treatment of rosiglitazone in H. pylori infected AGS cells, the expressions of p27 and Skp2 were assessed by Western blot. Results: The expression of PPARgamma protein was increased in H. pylori infected AGS cells. Cell growth was inhibited and decreased in dose- and time- dependent manner in H. pylori infected AGS cells treated with rosiglitazone. A decrease in Skp2 expression and a reciprocal increase in p27 expression were found in dose- and time-dependent manner in H. pylori infected AGS cells treated with rosiglitazone. Conclusions: Rosiglitazone inhibited the growth of H. pylori infected AGS cells. Rosiglitazone attenuated Skp2 expression, thereby promoting p27 accumulation in H. pylori infected human gastric epithelial cells. Further studies will be needed to find the effects of accumulation on cell turnover in H. pylori infection and the role in the H. pylori-associated gastric carcinogenesis.</P>

ISC3를 이용한 서울시 대기질 모델링

정일래,권오열,안효승,문인수 서울産業大學校 1999 논문집 Vol.49 No.2

In this study ISC3(Industrial Source Complex Ver.3) model is applied to Seoul area (1) to evaluate the applicability of ISC3 by comparing the model results and the measured results under control of Seoul City Government and Han-River Environmental Management Office, and (2) propose the direction of future air pollution management of Seoul area by looking at contributing intensity of point, line and area sources, of which each has different dispersion characteristics, to the air quality. The results of the study, of which pollutant is SO₂ and the year is 1996, are summarized as follows. First, the model results are very similar to those of the measured, showing the regression coefficient(except 4 data of which errors are big) is 0.72 in case of 10 meters height of area source and 0.71 in case of 5 meters height of area source. Therefore ISC3 is judged to be applicable to Seoul area of which comprises of a variety of source types and topographically rolling terrains. Second, for Seoul area, total SO₂emissions are 31.4% from the point sources and the rest 68.6% from the area sources, while contributing weights are 17.39% from the point sources and 82.61% from the area sources in case of 10 meters height of area source, and 16.15% from the point sources and 83.85% from the area sources in case of 5 meters height of area source. Therefore the area sources impact surface concentrations much more than the point sources. Interpreting the second result in terms of contributing intensities which we define the ratio of surface concentration X area and source emissions, contributing intensities of Seoul area are 0.55 for point sources and 1.20 for area sources in case of 10 meters height of area source, and 0.51 for point sources and 1.22 for area sources in case of 5 meters height of area source. Thus the contributing intensity of area sources appears to be approximately as twice as that of point sources. Overall results show that the control of area sources is more urgent and effective than that of point sources in view point of air quality management of SO₂.

151종 생약제 추출물이 B형 간염 바이러스 표면 항원(HBsAg)과 항체(HBsAb)의 결합반응 그리고 HBV DNA polymerase 활성에 미치는 효과 : 한국산 각종 생약제를 이용한 B형 간염치료제의 개발

정태호,김정철,김문규,이인선,채성철,김승래,정준모,이인수,김승호,함경수 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1992 慶北醫大誌 Vol.33 No.3

세계인구 43억명 중 B형 간염 바이러스 보균자는 2억 1천 5백만명이며 이중 78%인 1억 6천만명 이상이 아시아 대륙에 집중되어 있다. 한국도 B형 바이러스 간염의 침윤지대이다. 본 연구는 B형 바이러스 보균자 혹은 만성간염을 치료할 수 있는 생약제를 탐색할 목적의 일환으로 한국에서 시판하는 생약제 151종을 구입하여 증류수로 추출하고 여과한 후 냉동건조하여 HBs 항원에 대한 결합능, HBV DNA polymerase억제능, tumor necrosis factor(TNF) 유리에 미치는 영향, 그리고 galactosamine 유발 간염에 대한간장보호 작용을 조사하였다. 151종의 생약제중 0.16㎍/㎖ 농도에서 간염 vaccine 내에 함유된 HBs 항원과 결합하는 생약제는 지유, 가자, 복분자, 대황, 정향, 빈량, 산수유, 소목, 마황, 쇄양, 후박, 목과, 양강, 오약, 산사, 목단피 등 16종이었다. 이들 생약제중 대황(Rheum palmatum L. 大黃), 가자(Terminalia chebula R. 訶子), 지유(Sanguisorba officinalis L. 地楡), 복분자(Rubus coreanus M. 覆盆子)는 HBV DNA polymerase 활성도를 비교적 강하게 억제하였으며 빈량(Areca catechu L. 빈랑), 정향(Eugenia caryophyllata T. 丁香), 목과(Chaenomeles japonica L. 木瓜), 산수유(Cornus officinalis S. 山茱萸)는 약하게나마 HBV DNA polymerase 활성을 억제하였다. 또한 HBV DNA polymerase를 억제한 대황, 가자, 지유, 복분자, 빈량, 정향, 마황, 소목, 산수유를 대상으로 TNF 유리에 미치는 영향을 조사한 결과 소목을 제외한 8종의 생약제 모두가 대식세포를 자극하여 TNF를 유리시켰다. 그리고 장차 임상에 사용함을 전제로 HBV DNA polymerase를 억제한 대황, 가자, 지유, 복분자, 빈량, 정향, 마황, 소목, 산수유를 galactosamine 유발 간염(백서)에 투여하여 간기능 검사에 미치는 효과를 조사하였으나 간기능 검사상으로는 특별한 보호작용을 나타내지 못하였으며 생약제 단독 투여로서는 간기능에 대하여 나쁜 영향을 주지 않았다. Hepatitis B virus infection is major cause of acute and chrome hepatitis, cirrhosis of liver, and hepatocellular carcinoma. There are over 200 million carriers of hepatitis B virus in the world, nearly 80 % of whom live in the South East Asia, Korea is also highly endemic area of hepatitis B virus infection. This study was performed to evaluate the effect of extracts of traditional Korean herbal medicines on hepatitis B virus. 151 traditional herbs were extracted, filtered and lyophilized. Using 151 herbal extracts we tested binding capability to the HBs Ag, inhibition of HBV DNA polymerase, release of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and protection against galactosamine induced liver damage. Among 151 herbs, 16 herbs (Sanguisorba officinalis L., Terminalia chebula R., rubus coreanus M., Rheum palmatum L., Eugenia caryophyllata T., Areca catechu L., Cornus officinalis S., Caesalpinia sappan L, Ephedra sinica S., Cynomorium songaricum R., Machilus thunbergii S., Chaenomeles japonica L., Alpinia officinarum H., Lindera strychnifolia V., Crataegus pinnatifida B., Paeonia suffruticasa A. ) had binding capability to HBs Ag which contained in the commercial hepatitis vaccine, at 16 ug/㎖ of concentratioa Among the above 16 herbs, Rheum palmatum L., Terminalia chebula R., Sanguisorba officinalis L., Rubus coreanus M. significantly inhibited the HBV DNA polymerase activity, and Areca catechu L., Eugenia caryophyllata T., Ephedra sinica S., Caesalpinia sappan L., Chaenomeles Japonica L., Cornus officinalis S. also inibited the HBV DNA polymerase activity but less effective. All of the herbs, except Caesalpinia sappan L., which inhibited the HBV DNA polymerase activity, actively stimulated the mononuclear cells to release tumor necrosis factor(TNF) in whole blood culture system. The herbs which inhibited the HBV DNA polymerase activity, did not show any protective effect in galactosamine-induced hepatitis in rats, but there was no direct toxic effect when herbs were administered alone.

工業專門大學 食品工業科 模型敎育課程 修正開發

柳寅德,李雄洙,朴正吉,朴基泰 忠州大學校 1988 한국교통대학교 논문집 Vol.22 No.-

This study has been carried out for the purpose of amendment, addition and deletion on the previously reported curriculum of food technology department in technical junior college by the authers' in 1981. The results of this study are as follows : 1. The subjects of new curriculum are based on the correlation between the contents of the various subjects related to food technology. 2. The characteristics of new curriculum emphasize to do concentrated education on the analytical techniques and the food processing techniques for training of the middle-level technician who can be adapted promptly to the field of many enterprise in food technology. 3. The total units of compulsory and elective subjects in established major subjects are 31 and respectively. 4. All basic subjects such as general chemistry, organic chemistry, food microbiology, organic qualitative analysis, food chemistry, food hygine, nutritional chemistry and food analysis in major subjects fixed on the compulsory subjects because these subjects have the great transferred effects. 5. In this curriculum, new subjects such as organic qualitative analysis and biochemical engineering are instituted newly, and the subjects such as instrumental analysis, technical english and EDPS increased the time for teaching. 6. The number of subjects is constituted to 19 subjects as results of the integration on similar subjects that the contents were overlapped and the addition on subjects that were instituted newly. 7. It is reflected to the course of study in new curriculum that the topics of experiments and practices were selected from the results of job analysis on the various enterprise in food technology. 8. The achievements of educational objectives can be realized by the cooperation and continuous effort between students and professors, the promotion of educational-industrial cooperation and the continual support of governmental office.

개 시상하부의 Neuropeptides에 대한 면역조직화학적 연구

장인엽,정윤영,김종중,문정석,김준수,모근석,임용,유호진 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 1996 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.21 No.1

The distribution and localization of somatostatin(SOM), neuropeptide Y(NPY), vasopressin(VP), and oxytocin(OT) were studied with a immunohistochemical technique in the canine hypothalamus. The SOM-immunoreactive perikarya were concentrated in the anterior periventricular and the arcuate nuclei. Immunoreactive terminals were observed in the arcuate, the ventromedial hypothalamic, the suprachismatic nuclei and the external layer of the median emmence. A great number of NPY-immunoreactive cell bodies were found in the arcuate nucleus and NPY fibers were located throughout the hypothalamus with the highest concentration especially in the paraventricular (PVN) and the acuate nuclei. Moderately or densely stained fibers were also observed in the median eminence, the suprachiasmatic. the periventricular, the ventromedial hypothalamic, the dorsomedial hypothalamic and the medial preoptic nuclei, and the stria terminalis. Both VP-and OT-containing perikarya were found mainly in the PVN and supraoptic nucleus(SON). but a few were seen in the perifornical area, the lateral hypothalamus, the dorsal hypothalamic and the periventricular nucleus. The fibers originated from the PVN were projected to the SON via ventral or dorsal area of the fornix.

안구적출에 따른 위둔덕의 칼슘결합단백질의 재구축 및 상호 연관성

안병수,고길석,안명수,김경주,권안성,정명섭,박춘매,조병옥,김진우,Samudra Acharya,Parmeshwar Narayan Amatya,장인엽 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2007 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.32 No.1

Background: Superior colliculus is a part of midbrain, and participates in the visual reflexes, It receives afferent fibers from optic nerve, visual cortex, and spinotectal tract. After optic deprivation, the microscopic structure of the superior colliculus changed. Calcium-binding proteins (CBPs) Play an important role in the neuronal protection, differentiation and reorganization of the central nervous system, Objectives and Methods: The effects of neonatal retinal deafferentation on a CBPs, calbindm D-28k (CB), Parvalbumin (PB) and calretimn (CR), and the existence of colocalization between the CBPs were examined immunohistochemically in the rat superior colliculus. Results: On the experimental (contralateral to enucleation) side of superior colliculus, the number of CB-immunoreactive (IR) cells was reduced (77.4% compared to control), but not fibers. The number of PB-IR neurons and fibers was also reduced on the experimental side (88.5% compared to control), In the other hand, the CR-IR cells were dramatically increased (642% compared to control), but CR-IR fibers were markedly decreased on the experimental side. The colocalization between CB-CR and PV-CR was rarely observed in the superior colliculus Conclusion: These results suggest that the changes of retinotectal projection may alter the expressional pattern of CBPs in different manners; relatively stable in CB- and PV-IR neurons and plastic in CR-IR neurons.

Imipramine과 Reserpine이 신경말단의 Ca^++이동에 미치는 효과

신정인,이정수,이광수 중앙대학교 의과대학 의과학연구소 1986 中央醫大誌 Vol.11 No.1

Since calcium ion is known to be associated in the initiation of stimulus-induced neurotransmitter release from nerve endings, effects of imipramine and reserpine on the Na^+-K^+ ATPase, Mg^++ ATPase, Ca^++-Mg^++ ATPase and Na^+-Ca^++ ATPase activities in rat brain synaptosomes which may be associated with adrenoceptor were investigated. In view of the possible role of mitochondria in the control of intracellular Ca^++ concentration, suggested effects of imipramine and reserpine on the mitochondrial Ca^++ uptake and the Na^+-induced Ca^++ release from mitochondria were also studied. Na^+-K^+ ATPase activities in rat brain synaptosomes were inhibited by imipramine in a dose dependent manner. Reserpine, however showed no effect on or slightly increased these ATPase activities. Na^+-K^+ ATPase. Mg^++ ATPase and Ca^++-Mg^++ ATPase activities were all enhanced by norepinephrine and dopamine, but Na^+-Ca^++ ATPase activity inhibited by these agents. The effects of these catecholamines on these ATPase activities were antagonized by propranolol or yohimbine. Imipramine inhibited all the above mentioned ATPase activities in the same degree in the presence or absence of the catecholamines. Reserpine decreased the effects of catecholamines on these ATPase activities. The initial rate of calcium binding to mitochondria was enhanced by imipramine, but the maximum calcium binding was not affected. In the presence of reserpine or verapamil, both the maximum calcium binding and the initial binding rate were inhibited. With regard to Na^+-induced Ca^++ release from mitochondria, both the amount and rate of calcium release were enhanced by imipramine, but were not altered by reserpine. The above findings suggest that imipramine may increase the free intracellular calcium concentration through the inhibition of Na^+-K^+ ATPase, Mg^++ ATPase, Ca^++-Mg^++ ATPase and Na^+-Ca^++ ATPase activities which may result in enhancement of initial binding and subsequent release of Ca^++ to and from mitochondria. On the other hand, reserpine may induce consistent release of neurotransmitters through the inhibition of the ATPase which may play a regulatory role in the release of neurotransmitters and it may maintain an increased intracellular free calcium by the inhibition of calcium binding to mitochondria.

담체가 Re-188-Hydroxyethylidene Diphosphonate의 표지와 생체내분포에 미치는 영향

장영수,이상은,이승진,이명철,이동수,정준기,정재민,조정혁,김보광,김인걸 대한핵의학회 2000 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.34 No.4

Purpose: Re-188-Hydroxyethylidene diphosphonate (HEDP) is a new cost-effective agent for systemic radioisotope therapy of metastatic bone pain. We investigated the influence of carrier for labeling and biodistribution of Re-188-HEDP using HEDP kit with or without carrier (KReO4). Materials and Methods: The kits (HEDP 15 mg, gentisic acid 4 mg and SnCl2.2H2O 4.5 mg) with or without carrier (KReO4 0.1 mg) were labeled with Re-188 solution, made available from an in-house generator by boiling for 15 min. We compared the labeling efficiency and stability of carrier-added and carrier-free preparations of Re-188-HEDP. Biodistribution and imaging studies of each preparation were performed in ICR mice (1.85∼3.7 MBq/0.1 ml) and SD rats (74.1∼85.2 MBq/0.5 ml). Results: The carrier-added preparation showed high labeling efficiency (95% at pH 5) and high stability in serum (88%, 3 hr). However, the carrier-free preparation showed low labeling efficiency (59% at pH 5) and low stability (43%, 3 hr). The carrier-added preration showed high uptake in bone and low uptake in stomach and kidneys. However, the carrier-free preparation showed lower uptake in bone and higher uptake in both stomach and kidneys, which is supposed to be due to released perrhenate. The carrier-added preparation also showed better images with higher skeletal accumulation, lower uptake in other organs and lower soft tissue uptake than the carrier-free preparation. Conclusion: The results of these studies clearly demonstrate that addition of carrier perrhenate is required for high labeling efficiency, stability, bone uptake and good image quality of Re-188-HEDP. (Korean J Nucl Med 2000;34:344-52)

嶺湖南地方 瘠薄林地의 오리나무와 아까시나무의 適地에 關한 硏究

金昌浩,鄭印九,吳正壽 동국대학교 농림과학연구소 1969 農林科學 論文集 Vol.3 No.-

The objectives of these studies were to investigate how every kinds of Black Locust and Alder influence on the growth of woods in the Yongnam and Honam district. The result of this study appeared as follows: 1. At the point of soil depth. the deeper the soil depth is, the better for Black Locust and Alder grows well regardless of it. 2. Black Locust shows good growth in loose soil but even in consistant soil Alder was excellently brought up. 3. Black Locust grows well in clay loam while Alder is appropriate to grow in sandy soil. 4. Black Locust requires an adequate soil depth so it grows well in gentle slope area but Alder grows well even in steep slope area which unproductive land enables to grow Alder satisfactorilly. 5. The constitution of cover vegetation could, to some extent, be attained in the superior forest land of Black Locust but it was impossible to make cover vegetatioe in that of Alder : It can therefore, be easily attained the open area between trees of Alder pure forest. 6. Black Locust and Alder are soil improving trees and so the content of effectivn phosphorus had a great effect on tree growth. 7. Black Loust forest land had more organic substance than Alder and this fact was closely connected with tree growth. 8. C. E. C is deeply concerned with the growth of black locust but less concernment related with Alder. 9. The suitable land for Black Locust. 1) A deep soil depth. 2) On less consistancy. 3) Contained much of P_2O_5 in soil. 4) Much of organic substance. 5) On a clay loam. 6) Forest land with greater C. E. C. 10. The suitable land for Alder : 1) Contained much of P_2O_5 in soil. 2) Much of organic substance. 3) With moderate consistancy and effective soil depth 4) on sandy soil. 11. It is assumed that Black Locust requires more soil conditions than Alder. 12. Haenam district of Chulanam-Do where severly damaged by disease was excluded from this survey study.

우라늄오염에 의한 신부전증에 미치는 제염제의 방호효과

김태환,정인용,김성호,김경중,방효창,류성렬,진수일 대한방사선 방어학회 1990 방사선방어학회지 Vol.15 No.2

원자력산업의 시설증대로 우라늄 오염의 가능성이 증가되고 있음에도 불구하고 종사자 및 국민에대한 안전대책 및 의료적 처치에 관한 연구가 매우 미흡한 실정에 있어 이에 대한 응급처치방안을 수립코자 우라늄을 투여한 후 제염제를 투여하여 관찰하였던 바 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 우라늄오염에 의한 체중변화에 미치는 제염제의 영향에 있어서 sodium bicarbonate와 생리적 식염수를 병행투여한 군과 우라늄을 투여하고 30분이 지나서 dithiothreitol을 투여한 군에서는 우라늄단독투여군에 비해 체중이 현저하게 증가하였다. (P<0.05). 2. 모든 실험군은 우라늄오염에 의한 음수량과 배뇨량의 변화를 유의성 있게 호전시켰으며(P<0.05), 특히 sodium bicarbonate와 생리적 식염수를 병행투여한 군과 우라늄을 투여하고 30분이 지나서 dithiothreitol을 투여한 군이 가장 높은 증가경향을 나타냈다(P<0.05). 3. 우라늄오염에 의한 BUN농도 변화에 미치는 제염제의 효과는 sodium bicarbonate와 생리적 식염수를 병행투여한 군과 우라늄을 투여하고 30분이 지나서 dithiothreitol를 투여한 군이 공히 우라늄단독투여군보다 BUN농도가 매우 감소되었다(P<0.01). 4. 우라늄을 투여하고 30분이 지나서 dithiothreitol를 투여한 군은 우라늄오염에 의한 serum creatinine의 농도증가를 유의하게 감소시켰으나 (P<0.01), sodium bicarbonate와 생리적 식염수를 병행투여한 군은 다소 감소하는 경향으로 나타났다. 5. 우라늄오염에 의한 urine creatinine농도 변화에 미치는 제염제의 효과에 있어서 sodium bicarbonate와 생리적 식염수를 병행토여한 군과 우라늄을 투여하고 30분이 지나서 dithiothreitol를 투여한 군에서는 우라늄단독투여군에 비해 creatinine의 배설이 상당히 증가하였다(P<0.05). 6. 우라늄오염에 의한 신장의 소견에 있어 우라늄단독투여군은 근위곡세뇨관상피의 공포화 및 종창, microvilli와 brush border의 손실, 세뇨관 상피의 괴사가 관찰되었으며, 간장의 충혈, 중심성 괴사 우라늄을 투여하고 30분이 지나서 dithiothreitol를 투여한 군에서는 우라늄단독투여군에 비해 높은 방호효과가 관찰되었으나 다른 실험군에서는 큰 효과가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 우라늄의 체내오염시에는 sodium bicarbonate와 생리적 식염수를 가능한 빨리 병행투여하거나 dithiothreitol을 체내오염후 30분이 지나서 투여하는 방법이 우라늄오염에 대한 제염에 매우 유효할 것으로 생각되며, 특히 우라늄에 의한 인체장해를 유의하게 경감시켜줄 것으로 사료되었다. Appreciable radiation exposures certainly were occurred m the reactor burn-up, the nuelear fall-out and the surroundings of nuclear installations with radioactive effluents. Therefore ,radioactive nuclides is not only potentially hazardous to workers of nuclear power plants and related industrials, but also the wokers who handle radioactive nuclides in biochemical research and nuclear medicine diagnostics. And in the case of occurring the nuclear accidents, the early medical treatment of radiation injury should be necessary but little is established'medical procedures to decontaminate the victims of internal contamination of radioactive nuclides in korea. Accordingly, to achieve the basic data for protective roles and medical treatment of radiation injury, the present studies were can-id out to evaluate the decontamination of uranium by the chemical drugs. The results observed were summarized as follows : 1. The combined treatmet group of sodium bicarbonate and saline with uranyl nitrate injection simultaneously and the dithiothreitol group that was administered 30 minutes after uranyl nitrate injection were increased significantly in the change of body weight than uranyl nitrate-only group(P<0.005). 2. All the experimental groups were increased the fluid intake and urine volume on the uranyl nitrate-induced acute renal failure, but the combined treatment group of sodium bicarbonate and saline with uranyl nitrate injection simultaneously and the dithiothreitol group that was administered 30 minutes after uranyl nitrate injection have the higher increment of fluid intake and urine volume(P<0.05). 3. When sodium bicarbonate and saline was treated with uranyl nitrate injection simultaneously, and dithiothreitol was administered 30 minutes after uranyl nitrate injection, there was significantly reduced in BUN concentration (P<0.0l). 4. When dithiothreitol was administered 30 minutes after uranyl nitrate injection, there was reduced more significantly on the increment of serum creatinine concentration than that observed in uranyl nitrate-only group(P<O.Ol). but when the combined treatment of sodium bicarbonate and saline with uranyl nitrate simultaneously, there was still, albeit much less marked, decrease in serum creatinine concentration. 5. The sodium bicarbonate and saline was treated with uranyl nitrate simultaneously and dithiothreitol was administered at 30 minutes after uranyl nitrate were excreted markedly higher urine creatinine concentration than the uranyl nitrate-only group. 6. Uranyl nitrate has been used in experimental animals to produce hydropic degeneration and swelling of proximal tubules, disappearance of microvilli and brush border or necrosis in the kidney and centrilobular necrosis, congestion, and telangiectasia of the liver. When the sodium bicarbonate and saline was treated with uranyl nitrate simultaneously, and dithiothreitol was administered 30 minutes after uranyl nitrate, there was more marked the protective effect than uranyl nitrate-only group. Finally, if the sodium bicarbonate and saline may administered as quickly as possible each time that some risk for internal contamination with uranium, and dithiothreitol is administered 30 minutes after uranium contamination, there ameliorates the course of uranyl nitrate-induced acute renal failure,and this effect is assocciated with prevention of uranium (heavy metal) induced alterations in BUN. serum creatinine. urine creatinine. fluid intake, urine volume and body weight.