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이상은,김세진 한국사회복지정책학회 2007 사회복지정책 Vol.29 No.-
The Determinants of proceeds and sales in the self-support communities This study analyzes the determinants of proceeds and sales in the self-support community, which is one of the work programs for the poor with work ability in Korea, and suggests some policy implications for the development of self-support community. I collected a data on the 127 self-support communities from the survey for all self-support communities in Korea. Using this data, I explored the effects of the factors including community aspects, business management aspects, and participant characteristics on the proceeds and sales of the self-support communities. I found that the type of business is an important predictor for the proceeds and sales of self-support communities. In specific, housing repair and restaurant had much more proceeds and sales than other business types. The experience and age of staffs in self-support communities was related to the higher proceeds and sales. The percentage of the participants who are recipients were negatively related to the proceeds and sales. These results suggest the following policy implications. First, choosing and developing business types that produce high proceeds and sales is important for the success of self-support communities. Second, the efforts for posting experienced staffs and training them to improve their ability are necessary. Third, developing human capital and raising work efforts of the participants is important. Fourth, future research needs to explore further the characteristics of the business management and the aspects of institutions. Key Words: self-support program, self-support communities, social assistance, poverty policy, proceeds, sales 본 연구는 전국 자활공동체를 대상으로 자활공동체의 수익금 및 매출액에 영향을 미치는 요인을 분석하고 이로부터 자활공동체 사업에 대한 정책적 함의를 도출하고자 하였다.이를 위해 전국 자활공동체들에 대한 전수조사를 실시하여 그 중 회수된 127개의 자활공동체에 대한 조사결과를 이용하여, 자활공동체의 공동체특성요인, 경영관리요인, 참가자 특성요인이 자활공동체 수익금 및 매출액에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 그 결과, 사업 업종이 중요하여 집수리와 외식업의 경우 수익금 및 매출액이 현저하게 높은 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 실무자가 현 업종에 대한 경험이 있고 연령이 높을수록 수익금 및 매출액이 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 수급자의 참여비율이 낮을수록 수익금과 매출액이 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 분석결과는 다음과 같은 정책적 함의를 제시한다. 첫째, 자활공동체 운영에 있어 수익금이 높은 업종들을 선정하고 개발하는 것이 중요하다. 둘째, 해당 사업과 관련하여 상대적으로 경험이 풍부한 실무자를 배치하고 이들의 능력을 배양하기 위한 교육훈련이 필요하다. 셋째, 자활공동체 참여 수급자들의 인적자본개발과 근로의욕제고가 필요하다. 넷째, 향후 자활공동체의 경영관리요인 및 소속기관의 특성에 대한 보다 개선된 연구들이 필요하다.
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Sodicity Difference between Paddy and Upland Soil as Affected by Food Waste Compost Application
이상은,Lee, Sang-Eun Korean Society of Soil Science and Fertilizer 2000 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.33 No.2
To compare the effect of food waste compost(FWC) application on the sodicity of paddy and upland soil, laboratory experiment was conducted. Six kinds of FWC made of various mixing ratio of food waste and pig slurry as raw material were applied to paddy soil under submerged condition and to upland soil in field water capacity, and were kept at $25^{\circ}C$ under laboratory incubation. The higher the mixing ratio of food waste on making FWC, the higher the FWC showed Na content and EC. Mineralized ratio of cations in FWC during incubation showed no difference between paddy and upland soil. It was high in the order of Na>K>Mg>Ca as 99, 94, 71, and 71%, respectively. NaCl contents of FWC applied to soils against SAR and ESP were fitted well to first linear regression with extremely high significance($R^2=0.99$). Increasing rate of SAR and ESP was higher in upland soil than paddy soil by 2.3 times. The difference was considered to be caused by dilution effect which was exerted by the application of more soil to water ratio to paddy soil than to upland soil on SAR analysis in consideration of cultivating condition. The calculated values of $([Ca^{2+}+Mg^{2+}]/2)^{1/2}$ used as a denominator on SAR calculation showed a little difference among FWC treatments by 2.1~2.4, while [$Na^+$] used as a numerator showed much variance by 3.1~9.5. Therefore, as a parameter for the assessment of FWC quality affecting soil sodicity, the use of only Na content in FWC was proposed without regarding Ca and Mg contents. Soil Ex. Na contents showed extremely high correlation($R^2=0.99$) with ESP. Moreover, because the former can be more easily determined than the latter, soil Ex. Na content was proposed as a new sodicity index.
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이상은,안현진,윤승길,김석민,정광용,Lee, Sang-Eun,Ahn, Hyun-Jin,Youn, Seung-Kil,Kim, Seak-Min,Jung, Kwang-Young Korean Society of Soil Science and Fertilizer 2000 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.33 No.2
High sodium contents in food-waste compost(FWC) is the greatest limitation to recycle it to arable lands in Korea. The effects of the FWC application to paddy soil on the growth of rice plants, cationic balance in plants, and the sodicity of soil have been studied in pot trials. The effects of FWC application were compared with those of NaCl compound and swine manure compost(SMC) application. $Na_2O$ contents of FWC were high as 2.2%. Immediately after transplanting, rice plants in three treatments showed severe wilting in the order of 40Mg FWC $ha^{-1}$ > NPK+900kg $NaClha^{-1}$ > 20Mg FWC $ha^{-1}$. The high EC value and volatile acid contents of soil solution were regarded as the cause of severe wilting of young rice plants. Increase of NaCl application rate upto $900kgha^{-1}$ showed no significant reduction of dry matter yield at harvesting stage. Regardless of application rates FWC reduced the dry matter yield at harvesting stage, while SMC increased it with increase of application rates upto $40Mgha^{-1}$. In NPK+NaCl and FWC treatments, Na contents and equivalent ratio in plants increased linearly with increase of Na application rates. Between Na and K equivalent ratio negative correlation with high significance was shown. In contrast to much difference of Na, K, and Na/K equivalent ratio among treatments, little difference of Na+K indicated the physiological substitution of Na for K in rice plants. Na use efficiency in NPK+NaCl and FWC treatments showed 12-22%.
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