간내 담석과 동반된 간내 담도암에서의 p53과 Ki-ras의 발현

김명환,이성구,서동완,이승규,남승우,박능화,민영일,김연석,심기남,공경엽 대한소화기학회 1997 대한소화기학회지 Vol.30 No.5

Background/Aims: Hepatolithiasis or primary intrahepatic stones may be accompanied later by intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. This cancerous lesion is frequently associated with atypical hyperplastic epithelium that was suspected of being precancerous. To investigate the Ki-ras or p53 mutation may play a role in carcinogenesis, and to determine whether atypical hyperplastic epithelium may be precancerous, this study was performed in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas associated with hepatolithiasis. Methods: We examined 12 patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas associated with hepatolithiasis. Ki-ras point mutations were assessed by direct DNA sequencing. Expressions of p53 protein were immunohistochemically assessed. The overexpression of p53 and point mutation of Ki-ras were examined in normal, hyperplastic, atypical hyperplastic, and can- cerous tissues separately. Results: The expressions of p53 protein were detected in 4 (33%) of 12 cholangiocarcinomas and Ki-ras point mutations at codon 12 were found in 2 (17%) of 12 cholangiocarcinomas. In those two carcinoma cases which contained the mutant sequence of Ki-ras, the same point mutation from wild type GGT (glycine) to GAT (aspartic acid) was. found in the associated atypical hyperplastic epithelium. However, none of the normal and hyperplastic epithelium harbored Ki-ras or p53 mutations. Conclusions: The overexpression of p53 may play a part in the carcinogenesis of some intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas associated with hepatolithiasis, whereas the role of Ki-ras mutations in those cases is dubious. However, Ki-ras point mutation at codon 12 may be responsible for either cancer or atypical hyperplastic epithelium associated with hepatolithiasis in certain cases, suggesting atypical hyperplastic epithelium may give rise to carcinoma.

수족냉증(手足冷症) 환자(患者)에 대(對)한 컴퓨터 적외선(赤外線) 체열촬영(體熱撮影)의 의의(意義)

조유경,오수완,조남희,김동묵,김진성,류봉하,박동원,류기원,Cho, Yu-Kyung,Oh, Su-Wan,Cho, Nam-Hee,Kim, Dong-Mook,Kim, Jin-Seong,Ryu, Bong-Ha,Park, Dong-Won,Ryu, Ki-Won 대한한방내과학회 1998 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.19 No.2

To make a objective diagnosis of the syndrome of cold-limbs, We investigated the 20 patients with cold limbs and GI trouble and 20 normal people as a control group. And we compared the thermal difference between Chon-jung(CV17) and Chung-wan(CV12 中脘), Chon-jung(CV17) and Ki-hae(氣海 CV6) and we compared the thermal differences of No-gung(PE8 勞宮) and Yong-chon(湧泉 KI1), too. The results were as follows. 1. All 20 patients had GI trouble and cold limbs. They had the symptom-Indigestion(16 cases-80%) with heart burn, tympanites, abdominal distention, hiccup, belching. Beside that symptom they also had constipation(6 cases-30%), diarrhea(3 cases-15%), headache & dizziness(6 cases-30%). And some had the menstrual syndrome, chronic fatigue, palpitation, insomnia, edema, arthralgia. 2. The thermal difference of the palms between the patients group and the control group were $25.70^{\circ}C,\;25.82^{\circ}C$, but they were not significant. 3. The thermal difference of the soles between the patients group and the control group were $23.58^{\circ}C,\;24.42^{\circ}C$ and the significancy was P=0.020 so it was significant(P<0.05). 4. The thermal difference of the palms and Chon-jung(CV17) between the patients group and the control group were $1.08^{\circ}C,\;0.76^{\circ}C$, but they were not significant. 5. The thermal difference of the sales and Chon-jung(CV17) between the patients group and the control group were $3.01^{\circ}C,\;1.90^{\circ}C$ and the significancy was P=0.003 so it was significant(P<0.05). 6. The thermal difference of Chon-jung(CV17) and Chung-wan(CV12 中脘) between the patients group and the control group was $0.30^{\circ}C,\;0.62^{\circ}C$ and the significancy was P=0.793 so it was significant(P<0.05). 7. The thermal difference of Chon-jung(CV17) and Ki-hae(CV6 氣海) between the patients group and the control group was $0.53^{\circ}C,\;0.68^{\circ}C$, but they were not significant. From the above, I could find the significance of D.I.T.I to diagnose the cold-feet not the cold-hands and the thermal difference between the trunk and limbs was more significant on cold-feet than on cold-hand, either.

PLT 절연층을 이용한 ZnS:Mn TFEL소자의 제조 및 특성

박욱동,박경빈,박재현,김영진,최병진,김기완 경북대학교 센서기술연구소 1995 센서技術學術大會論文集 Vol.6 No.1

Thin film electroluminescent(TFEL) device has been fabricated using ZnS:Mn phosphor and PLT insulator. The ZnS:Mn and PLT thin film for TFEL device was deposited by vacuum evaporation method and RF magnetron sputtering method, respectively. The TFEL device using ZnS:Mn(6000 Å) and PLT(1000 Å) thin films showed the threshold voltage of 50 Vrms at the driving frequency of 3 kHz. The brightness of TFEL device was 250 μW/cm^(2) at the applied voltage of 74 Vrms. Also the output current of TFEL device was linearly increased with applied voltage.

ZnS:SmF₃박막전계발광소자의 제작 및 특성

박욱동,배승춘,김기완 동양대학교 산업기술연구소 2000 東洋大學校 産業技術硏究所 論文集 Vol.2 No.1

A red colored thin film electroluminescent(TFEL) device was fabricated with a ZnS:SmF3 phosphor layer and BST insulating layers. The BST thin film was deposited on ITO coated glass substrate by RF magnetron sputtering method using a target of Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3. The thickness of ZnS:SmF3 thin film, upper and lower BST insulating layer for a TFEL device were 500nm, 400nm, and 200nm, respectively. The ZnS:SmF3 TFEL device showed that the threshold voltage and maximum brightness of a TFEL device were 160Vrms and 125cd/㎡, respectively.

교합-압박 골수정으로 치료한 대태골 간부 골절의 불유합

박윤수,문영완,성기선 대한골절학회 2003 대한골절학회지 Vol.16 No.2

목 적: 내고정술 후 발생한 대퇴골 간부 불유합에서 골절 부에 압박을 가할 수 있는 교합-압박 골수정(IC Nail??, Osteo, Switzerland)을 사용한 동적 압박 골 유합술의 임상적 결과를 보고하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 20명, 21례의 대퇴골 간부 불유합율 교합-압박 골수정 고정술로 치료하였다. 평균 나이는 44 (18~69)세였으며, 골절 후 기준 수술까지 8에서 45 (중앙값 19)개월이 경과하였고, 추시 기간은 6에서 49 (평균 29)개월이었다. 천지료로 폐쇄적 골수정 삽입술이 10례, 개방적 골수정 삽입술이 10례, 금속판 삽입술이 1례였고 17례에서 골이식 및 동역화 (dynamization) 등 한 번 이상의 부가적 시술이 시행되었고, 과혈관성 불유합이 17례, 부혈관성이 3례였으며, 감염성은 1례였다. 시술은 골수강 확공 후 골수정 고정을 하였고, 근위부에 동적 교합 나사못을 삽입한 후 압박 나사를 이용하여 골절 부위를 압박하였고, 골이식은 하지 않았다. 결 과: 1례를 제외한 20례에서 임상적, 방사선학적 유합이 이루어졌다. 방사선학적 유합은 기준 수술 후 4에서 15 (평균 7.4)개월에 이루어졌다. 개방적 골수정 삽입술 후 1회의 골수정 치환술과 2회의 골이식을 받은 36세 남자에서 술 후 12개월까지 유합을 얻지 못했다. 결 론: 확공 후 교합-압박 골수정 삽입술은 초기 치료 방법에 상관 없이 대퇴 간부 불유합의 치료에 효과적인 방법이라 생각된다. 그런, 이전의 골수정 치환술이 실패한 무혈관성 불유합에서는 부가적인 시술이 고려되어야 할 것으로 사료된다. Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of a specially designed Interlocking-Compression Nail(IC Nail??, Osteo, Switzerland) which allows compression force across the nonunion site for the treatment of femoral shaft nonunions. Materials and Methods: Between Nov. 1998 and June 2002, twenty one nonunions of femoral shaft fractures in twenty patients were treated with reamed IC nails of larger diameters without bone grafting in 9 men and 11 women, 8 to 45 months after initial operations. Seventeen cases were hypervascular nonunions, 3 avascular, and 1 infected. For initial operation, 10 closed nailing, 10 open nailing and 1 plate fixation were performed. One or more additional procedures had been done in 17 cases prior to IC nailing. Results: The nonunion gap was considerably narrowed from 7.4㎜ to 3.1㎜ with IC nailing and bony unions were achieved in all but one case. The time for radiographic union was 4 to 15 months posteoperatively with an average of 7.4. Conclusion: Reamed IC Nail?? with a larger diameter is an effective procedure for femoral shaft fracture nonunion regardless of initial treatment modalities and even in 3 avascular nonunions, 2 have shown radiographic union without bone grafting. Additional procedures are to be considered in failed surgery of avascular nonunions.

간경변증 환자에서 Escherichia colli 균혈증 합병 시 간기능 장애에 따른 C-reactive protein 생성 능력에의 영향

박완범,강철인,김동민,이기덕,장희창,김흥빈,오명돈,이효석,최강원 대한감염학회 2003 감염과 화학요법 Vol.35 No.5

고교생의 봉사활동이 자아정체감․학교생활적응 및 진로성숙도에 미치는 영향

박완성,김기수 한국교육방법학회 2012 교육방법연구 Vol.24 No.1

본 연구는 고등학생의 봉사활동이 자아정체감, 학교생활적응 및 진로성숙도에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 시도되었다. 연구대상은 전국의 고등학교 학생 674명(남자 306명, 여자 368명)으로 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 봉사활동 경험이 있는 학생들이 무경험 학생들보다 자아정체감, 학교생활적응, 그리고 진로성숙도 점수에서 모두 높게 나타났다. 둘째, 봉사의 동기 중, 봉사의 보람이 자아정체감 및 학교생활적응에 있어서 의미 있는 요인으로 분석되었다. 셋째, 봉사활동만족도가 높은 학생과 낮은 학생 간에 자아정체감, 학교생활적응, 진로성숙도에 있어서 통계적으로 유의미한 차이를 보였다. 따라서 고등학생이 봉사의 보람을 더 많이 갖고 봉사학습 차원의 준비된 프로그램에 따라 봉사활동을 계속한다면 자아정체감, 학교생활적응, 그리고 진로성숙도의 긍정적인 발달은 더 크게 기대할 수 있을 것이다. 이에, 더 발전된 결과를 얻기 위해 학생들의 봉사활동 참여 실태와 실험적 봉사학습 실행 간의 비교 연구가 이어지기를 제언해 본다. This study is for measuring how much high-school students' service learning affects to their senses of ego-identity, school adjustment, and career maturity. The subjects of this study are 674 high-school students(male 306, female 368). SPSS Statistics for Windows 17.0 was the analyzing tool for surveying data. The researcher measured Cronbach α coefficient firstly for the reliability of each survey scale. Independent-Samples T-test & One-Way ANOVA were used for the Comparing Means, and Scheffé method for the Post Hoc Multiple Comparisons. Then, the Regression Analysis was used for the elucidating ratio that says how much the independent variable exercises influences over the dependent variable. The results of the research can be summarized as follows: First, service learning participants had a higher mean in ego-identity, school adjustment, and career maturity than non-participants. Therefore, high-school student's service learning experience exercised a affirmative influence over the ego-identity, school adjustment, and career maturity. Second, ‘Worth doing of service’ which is one of the service motives was a meaningful factor statistically in ego-identity, and school adjustment. Third, students who were higher in the sense of voluntary service satisfaction were figured out also to be higher meaningfully in total ego-identity value and in its 4 out of 5 subordinate variables than lower service satisfaction students. In accordance with these results, when high-school students participate in voluntary service with more worthwhile doing, larger affirmative development in the sense of ego-identity, school adjustment, and career maturity could be expected. Therefore for the further result, the researcher recommends that there should be a study on between the relation of the actual conditions of high-school students' voluntary service and the outcome of the experimental service learning practices.

활동성 화농성 고관절염에 시행한 2단계 인공 고관절 치환술

박윤수,문영완,성기선 대한고관절학회 2003 Hip and Pelvis Vol.15 No.3

자립분절음운론에 입각한 자음접변 연구

박기완 건국대학교 1989 論文集 Vol.29 No.2

In the korean linguistics the consonantal changes have been studied very much and the are very clear and content. So one can say, that it is absurd to mention it further. But I think the studies on consonantal changes made up to now are only such a description as "one phoneme changes to a certain phoneme, when it contacts with certain phoneme." Such descriptions don't tell us the character and the fundamental principle of the consonantal changes. In this paper I'd like to reveal their characters and fundamental rules by studing them on the autosegmental-phenological point of view. There are two kinds of consonantal changes in korean. One is inevitable and universal changes and the other is arbitrary and universal changes. I'll describe them apart. And in this paper I describe manner features and place features on diferent tiers. The manner tier is above the segmental tier and the place tier is beneath it. 1. Inevitable and universal changes Here are two examples of inevitable and universal consonantal changes descri-bed on the autosegmental-phonological point of view: ◁그림삽입▷(원문을 참조하세요) ◁그림삽입▷(원문을 참조하세요) By such studies we know, that the character of the inevitable and universal consonantal changes in Korean consists in that it is just an assimilation of mann-er features and that place features have no importance in it. And we can make their fundamental rules as below: ◁그림삽입▷(원문을 참조하세요) 【NOTE】The 3 rules must be adopted one after another The above rules tell us, that the features [+-nas] and [+-lat] are very important and they have the power of branching. Here we have the question, why only /n/and /l/ have such a power. According to Kim Ch'a-gyun (1976) we suppose, that their power come out of their sonority. 2. Arbitrary and universal changes Here are two examples of arbitrary and universal consonantal changes describ-ed on the autosegmental-phonological point of view: ◁그림삽입▷(원문을 참조하세요) By such studies we know, that the character of the arbitrary and universal consonantal changes in Korean konsists in that it is just an assimilation of place features and that the manner features have no importance in it. And we can make fundamental rules of it as below: ◁그림삽입▷(원문을 참조하세요) In the making of this rule we have several un-solved problems as below 1) Why do appear only consonants with the feature [-cor] on C2? 2) Why do appear only consonants wi th the feature [+ant] on C1? 3) Why doesn't appear /l/ on C1? These 3 problems give us suggest ions, that is, only the consonants pronounced with the tongue up in the mouth or the consonants whose point of articulation is on lips appear on C1, and only the consonants pronounced with the tongue flattened appear on C2. And the result of the change is that the C1 consonants pronounced with the tongue up in the mouth change to consonants with flat tonge and the point of articulation also changes. But the consonants whose point of articulation is on lips don't change the tongue but change only the point of articulation. After all in any case the result is that, the tongue becomes flat after the con-sonantal change. And after studying the arbitrary and universal changes we can predict some possible consonantal changes, that is, 〈k+p〉 〈??+m〉 〈??+p〉 〈l+m〉 〈l+p〉 〈l+k〉. Among the 6 possible changes, 〈??+p〉 〈l+m〉 〈l+p〉 〈l+k〉 are less possible than 〈k.p〉 and 〈??+m〉, because those 4changes demand the changes of both manner features and place features, chi le the latter 2 changes demand only the change of place features.

任意의 面內集中荷重과 面外集中荷重을 받는 變斷面 圓弧 ARCH에 關한 硏究

朴文浩,金基完 慶北大學校 1975 論文集 Vol.19 No.-

The behaviors of vertically loaded Archs of uniform cross sections and tapered archs have been extensively investigated in elastic ranges. The analysis of lateral concentrated loads are so complicated that sufficient studies have not been made until now. In this paper Ⅰ, therefore, study the analysis of tapered-circular arch with fixed ends, when vertical concentrated loads of any point and lateral concentrated load are worked at the same time. I attempt to obtain the general solutions of bending monent, torsional moment and deflections of tri-axial direction and torsional angles applying to tapered circular arch the differential equation of elastic curve of curved beam, and the particular solution considering the boundary, continuous, symmetric, and unsymmetric conditions. For an example, I compare the result between tapered circular arch of this paper and arch of uniform cross section by professor Hwang Hak-Joo. The result of this comparison proved that tapered circular arch is much more economical than equated cross section arch. I hope that the result presented here is applied to the deflection of given point from the tri-axial direction of tapered circular arch bending monent, and torsional monent, and that at the same time the result to be used for archwise structures in reinforced concrete, and steel structures.