스웨징(swagging) 작업자에서 수지진동증후군 및 신경전도장애

김성아,김상우,정상재,이채용,김규상,정보우,박상규 大韓産業醫學會 2002 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.14 No.2

목 적 : 스웨징작업자들에서 발생한 수지진동증후군 사례를 실제 진동수준 평가와 함께 보고하고, 진단시 신경전도검사의 소견에 대한 해석을 검토하고자 하였다. 방 법 : 2001년 4월과 5월에 구미소재 스웨징작업 종사자 8인을 대상으로 병력문진, 자각증상평가, 이학적 검사를 실시하고 수지진동증후군의심자 4인에대해 냉각부하검사와 신경전도검사를 실시하였다. 작업장조사는 진동측정장비들을 이용하여 실제 작업환경에서 측정후 국제표준화기구에 따라 평가하였으며, 수근관증후군의 동시 가능성을 알아보고자 인간 공학적 요인에 대해 조사평가 하였다. 6개월후인 12월에는 이들 4인에 대해 진동각검사와 싱경전도검사를 추적검사하였다. 결 과 : 진동수준은 주파수가중가속도값이 단일작업은 0.99∼10.79 m/sec^2, 2개의 복합작업은 3.03 ∼12.98 m/sec^2로서 ISO의 권고치를 초과하고 있었다. 1차 대상근로자 8인의 근무기간은 평균 8.7년(범위 0.8∼15)이었고, 1인은 당뇨병자이었다. 스톡홀름 분류에 의한 증상평가, 손톱압박검사, 진동각검사에서 비교적 진동노출수준과 비려하여 임상소견을 나타내었고, 2차 평가대상자 4인의 경우 신경전도검사에서 1인은 정상, 2인은 수근관증후군, 1인은 말초신경병증으로 해석되었다. 그러나, 문헌 고찰을 통해 수근관증후군으로 나온 신경전도검사결과는 오히려 진동으로 인한 다병소 신경장해로 판단하였다. 6개월후 추적 신경전도검사에서 4인 모두 진동으로 인한 다병소 신경자해를 확인하였다. 그러나, 1인에서는 수근관증후군의 동시존재 가능성을 고려하였다. 결 론 : 고정된 진동공구인 스웨징사용자들에서 수지진동증후군발생을 확인하고, 진동노출수준을 실제로 측정하여 그 양-반응관계를 동시에 평가하였다. 신경전도검사의 해석과 관련하여 수지진동증후군에서 종종 동시 존재하는 수근관증후군과의 연관성 및 감별점을 실례로써 제시함으로써 향후 진동장해를 평가하는데 도움을 주고자 하였다. Objectives : To investigate the hand-arm vibration syndrome (HAVS) among symptomatic swagging workers exposed to hand-arm vibration, using medical evaluation and measurement of workplace vibration. Furthermore, to evaluate the neurophysiological findings. Methods : Four workers showing symptoms relevant to HAVS were evaluated. Medical evaluation consisted of medical interview, questionnaire, nail-bed compression test, and sensory perception tests for vibration and pain. Some other diseases were excluded by a medical interview, hematological assessment, and urinalysis. Cold provocation test was used to assess the peripheral vascular changes, and a nerve conduction velocity (NCV) test was implemented to ascertain the peripheral neural changes. Pegboard, hole plate, and tapping board tests were performed to assess motor nerve function. The hand-arm vibration acceleration levels of the swagging machines were measured. Six months later, follow-up NCV tests were performed. Results : The actual exposure time to vibration was not longer than 15 minutes per day. The hand-arm vibration acceleration levels of the swagging machines, according to actual exposure time, were from 3.63 to 12.98 m/sec^2, by ISO 5349. The vibratory perception thresholds and the recovery time of a nail color following finger cooling were significantly increased in all four workers. The perception of pain was mildly increased. The nerve conduction studies at first diagnosis and follow-up showed multifocal neural impairment caused by vibration. However, we could not rule out the concomitant presence of the carpal tunnel syndrome in one worker. Conclusions : These results show that HAVS can be caused by hand-arm vibration in swagging workers. Interestingly, the NCV results suggested that vibration-induced neural conduction impairments could vary, and need to be interpreted cautiously.

간 세포암에서 VEGF, TGF-β1, b-FGF 발현의 의의

김성용,남충현,주종우,채만규,백무준,이문수,김형철,안현철,김홍수,김창진,김창호 순천향의학연구소 2001 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.7 No.1

Purpose: Angiogenesis is important for the proliferation and the metastasis of solid tumors. The growth of a solid tumor is widely recognized to depend on the process of neovascularrozation. Without angiogenesis, tumors cease to grow beyond even a few milimeters in diameter. It has been shown that tumor vascular density is an independent prognostic marker in several types of human tumors and is known to correlate with poor prognosis. To date, many angiogenic factors have been identified, such as transforming growth factor-α(TGF-α), transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β), fibroblast growth factor family(FGF), vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF), platelet derived endothelial cell growth factor(PD-ECGF), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), and angiogenin. Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is the second most common tumor in Korean males and is known as a typical hypervascular tumor with frequent portal vein invastion. The authors identified the expreesion of VEGF, TGF-β1, and b-FGF in HCC specimens and evaluated the relationship between these growth factors and the clinicopathologic characteristics of HCC. Method: We reviewed the medical records of 30 patients who were diagnosed as hepatocellular carinoma treated with hepatic resection between January 1994 and December 1998 in Soonchunhyang University Chunan Hospital. The selection of the cases was decided according to the condition of paraffin block fixation. The prognostic factors such as age, sex, tumor size, concentration of serum α-fetoprotein, presence of liver cirrhosis, presence of tumor emboli in portal vein, TMN stage, amount of transfusion during the operation, hepatitis B virus(HBV) infection, and Edmonson-Steiner(E-S) grade were investigated. Relationship between the prognostic factors and the immunopathologic expression of the TGF-β1, b-FGF, and VEGF was examined. Result: Thirty patients (24 males, 6 females) were included in the current study. The patient's mean age was 50.6 years and the age ranged from 36 to 65 years. The mean size of the tumor was found to be 5.2cm. All the patients were follewed up for 7 to 63 months. Child's classification A patients were 23(76.7%)cases, B patients were 7(23.3%)cases, and C was none. Immunohistochemical staining of HCC tumor mass in VEGF expression patients were 17(56.7%), b-FGF expression patients were 10(33.3%), and TGF-β1 expression patients were 10(33.3%). VEGF expression or more than one positive expression among the three factors correlated with tumor size and the stage of HCC but did not correlated with other clinicopathological characteristics. TGF-β1 and b-FGF did not correlate with any clinicopathological characteristics. Conclusion: The results suggest that the expression of VEGF or more than one positive expression among the three factors in HCC cells may be a significant prognostic factor of HCC.

노인의 영적 간호요구

최미혜,김경희,김귀옥,김기숙,김수강,김정신,김춘숙,노흥진,박지연,성혜연,오명선,이선희,이원옥,이윤영,이현수,장명재,차혜경,채정선,홍상희 중앙대학교 의과대학 간호학과 간호과학연구소 2001 중앙간호논문집 Vol.5 No.1

This study was designed to exam the aged's needs for spiritual nursing care. The purpose was to serve as a basis for the development of spiritual nursing practice. The major findings are as follows : 1. The degree of needs for spiritual nursing care as area was that needs of love and relationship mean 22.0, needs of meaning and object mean 28.2, needs of forgiving mean 13.5. Total needs for spiritual nursing care mean 63.7, which was on the upper middle level. The needs of meaning and object was rated highest. 2. Among the general characteristics of the subjects, needs of love and relatiohship wasn't significanlty different. 3. Among the general characteristics of the subjects, needs of meaning and object was significantly different according to two factors : age(F=7.260, p=0.001), religion(F=5.275, p=0.001). Higher needs of meaning and object was possessed by the older than the younger, by the one who have religion than the other. 4. Among the general characteristics of the subjects, four factors made a significantly difference to needs of forgiving : sex(t=-2.851, p=0.006), age(F=8.201, p=0.001), religion(F=6.928, p=0.000), disease(t=2.327, p=0.024). Higher needs of forgiving was possessed by man than woman, by the older than the younger, by the one who have religion than the other, by the one who have disease than the other.

우관상동맥 개구부 완전 폐쇄가 동반된 대동맥 판상부 협착증 1례

임상현,김종진,김희열,진승원,전희경,노태호,채장성,김재형,홍순조,최규보,윤정섭,김치경 대한순환기학회 2000 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.30 No.4

인터넷 과다사용 청소년의 가정내 변인 연구

김현수,채규창,임연정,신윤미 大韓神經精神醫學會 2004 신경정신의학 Vol.43 No.6

Objectives : The objective of this study is to clahIy the family environments, parent-adolescent communication, family Vio-lence, Parental conflict, parental alcohol drinking that conthbute to intemet use of adolescent. Methods : Subjects were middle and high school students in Gang-seo gu, Seoul city (N=998). Self-rating questionnaire in-cluded demographic data, intemet addiction scale, family adaptability cohesion evaluation scale III, Parent-adolescent Commu-nication inventory, conflict tactics scales 2 and children of alcoholics screening test. Results : 1) There were statistically significant differences in CAST, family violence, communication between family members and family adaptability cohesion scale between addicted group and non-addicted group. 2) Most significantly correlated vanants for internet addiction were problematic communication of parents and psychological aggression. 3) Multiple regression analysis showed that problematic communication of parents, psychological aggression and CAST could explain 10.1% ofintemet addic-tions. Conclusion : This study was designed specifically to focus on the various domains of adolescents' family environment that may influence the ovemse of intenet. It proved that moderate level of adaptability, cohesion and open communicadon in a Pa-rentchild relationship can prevent the overuse of intenet. On the other hand, aggressive language spoken between the two parents and their alcohol abuse can aggravate the overuse of internet.

水稻에 있어서 葉綠素 突然變異系統의 生理·生化學的 特性에 관한 硏究

金弘燮,林采圭 조선대학교 기초과학연구소 1993 自然科學硏究 Vol.16 No.1

인위 돌연변이 유기에 의한 새로운 유전형질의 개발과 유용한 유전자 정보를 밝히기 위하여 낙동벼에서 유기된 엽록소 돌연변이 계통에 대하여 생리 생화학적 특성을 조사하였다. 얻어진 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 낙동벼에서 고정된 엽록소 결핍계통을 선발하였다. 이 계통은 생육초기부터 엽록소결핍으로 정상엽에 비하여 노란색을 나타내기 때문에 엽록소의 광합 성 관여 유전자 탐색에 이 용가능하다. 2. 엽록소결핍계통은 전 생육기간동안 낙동벼의 51~87% 정도의 엽록소 함량을 보였으나 엽록소 a/b함량비는 차이가 없었다. 엽 록소 결핍계통의 총 엽록소 함량은 낙동벼의 70.2%였으며 anthocy-anin함량과 flavonol함량은 각각 285% 은 142% 로 높 은 함량비를 나타냈다. 3.엽록소 결핍계통의 carotenoids함량은 낙동벼의 71.1%였고, xanthophylls함량은 56.5%였다. 특히 carotenoids성분중 lutein과 neoaxanthin함량의 감소 가 커서 각각 낙동벼의 32%와 34.4%로 매우 낮았으며, β-carotene은 차이가 없었고 antheraxanthin함량은 오히 려 증가하여 106.9%를 나타냈다. 4. 개엽상태에서나 군락상태에서 엽록소 결핍계통의 반사율과 투과율은 모두 낙동벼에 비하 여 많아 광흡수량은 떨어졌다. 5. 엽록소 결핍계통은 낙동벼에 비하여 출수기가 5일 늦고 간장, 수장, 주당수수, 수당입수, 임실율, 천립중 및 수량에서 감소하였다. 6. 엽록소 결핍계통과 낙동벼는 esterase, phosphog1ucose isomerase, malic enzyme, hexokinase 동위원소 특성에서 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 그러나 잎 에서 엽록체만을 순수분리 하여 추출한 엽록체 단백질 pattern에서는 차이를 보였다. Morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics were examined in the mutant strains of chlorophyll induced in rice(Oryza sativa L).It was to develop a new inherited character and manifest a useful information of genes by induction of its artificial mutations. The results were summarized as follows : 1. The chlorophyll-deficiency strains fixed in the rice (Oryza sativa L.) were selected. This strains will be very of useful as a material to detect genes connected with phot-os3'llthesis of chlorophyll because of displaying yellow colors by chlorophyll-deficiency of leaver compared with normal leaves from early growth. 2. The chlorophyll-deficiency strains didn't differ between a/b content ratio of chlorophyll. Where as, 1 was shown that between but between about 51 and 87 percent contents of chlorophyll compared with the rice during all growing period. Total chlorophyll contents of these strains were measured as only 70.2% of the rice(Oryza sativa L.), but the contents of antocyanin and flavonol were highly increased to 285 and 142 percent respectively. 3. In the chlorophyll-deficiency strains compared with the rice(Oryza sativa L.), the contents of carotenoids and xanthophylls were 71 1 and 56.5 percent repectively. Especially in the carotenoid ingredients, the contents of lutein and neoxanthin highly decreased to 32 and 34.4 persent respectively, but the contents of β-carotene were equal and the contents of antheraxanthins increased to 106.7 percent. 4. In the individual or community condition, the reflexiblity and transmission of the chlorophylldefieiency strains increased and its absorptivity decreased in comparision with the rice(Oryza sativa L. ) 5. In the chlorophyll-deficiency strains compared with the rice(0ryza sativa L.), the earing season was fivedays late, culm length, panicle length, number of panicle perhill, number of spikelets per panicle, ripened grain ratio and 1000-grain weight and vield decreased. 6. The chloroph11-deficiency strains and rice(0ryza sativa L.) differed little in the characteristics of isoenzymes, esterase, phosphogluicose, isomerase, malic enzyme and hexokinase. But the protein pattern of chloroplast extracted by pure seperation differed.

X-대역 SiGe HBT MMIC 차동형 전압 제어 발진기 개발

김보준,채규성,박민기,김창우 경희-다반 ASIC 설계교육센터 2005 경희-다반 ASIC센터 논문집 Vol.6 No.-

ISO 18000-6B, EPC Class-1 Gen-1, Gen-2 리더 표준에 적용되는 UHF 대역 RFID 리더용 RF 송신기를 하이브리드형 DHC로 설계 및 제작하였다. 송신기의 ASK 변조회로는 하나의 GaAs SPST스위치와 LPF로 구성하였으며, PR-ASK 변조 회로는 하나의 balua 두 개의 GaAs 통PST와 하나의 GaAs SPDT 스위치를 이용하여 link주파수 1-MHz 이상되는 변조신호에서 시간 지연이 없도록 설계하였다. LDMOS를 이용한 전력증폭기는 선형성을 위하여 8-dB back-off 상태로 동작시켜 출력전력 30-dBm을 얻었다.

X-대역 SiGe HBT MMIC 이중 평형형 상향 주파수 혼합기 개발

채규성,서정욱,김창우 경희-다반 ASIC 설계교육센터 2005 경희-다반 ASIC센터 논문집 Vol.6 No.-

SiGe HBT를 이용하여 X-band에 적용할 수 있는 두가지 형태의 상향 주파수 혼합기를 설계 및 제작하였다. 상향 주파수 혼합기는 Gilbert-cell 구조를 이용하여 LO 및 IF balun을 포함한 이중 평형형 형태로 설계하였으며, 일반적인 Gilbert-cell 구조와 선형성 향상을 위한 degeneration resistor를 삽입한 두가지 형태의 IC를 설계 및 제작하였다. 제작된 이중 평형형 상향 주파수 혼합기는 degeneration resistor를 삽입한 경우,0 to RF 변환 특성 측정 결과, 8.0 GHz의 -5 dBm LO 신호 및 100 MHz IG 신호 입력시, 10.5 dB의 IF to RF 선형 변환 이득과 -10.5 dBm의 Pl-dB RF 출력 전력을 나타내었다. 또한 일반적인 Gilbert-cell 구조를 이용한 상향 주파수 혼합기는, IF to RF 변환 특성 측정 결과, 8.0 GHz의 -5 dBm LO 신호 및 100 MHz IF 신호 입력시, 15.8 dB의 IF to RF 선형 변환 이득과 -14.5 dHm의 P_(1-dB) RF 출력 전력을 나타내었다. 따라서, degeneration resistor를 이용한 이중 평형형 상향 주파수 혼합기가 약 4 dBm의 선형성 개선 효과를 나타내었다.

회계감사서비스와 경영자문서비스의 양립에 관한 연구 : 설문조사를 중심으로

金鎭煥,蔡奎學 홍익대학교 경영연구소 2003 경영연구 Vol.28 No.-

본 논문의 목적은 회계법인의 동일기업에 대한 회계감사서비스와 경영자문서비스의 동시 제공이 양립가능한가를 조사하는데 있다. 설문지는 4개 집단(경영진 및 회계담당자, 공인회계사, 은행의 기업 여신담당자 그리고 증권회사의 애널리스트 등)에 600부를 발송하였다. 4개 집단으로부터 337부(56.2%)가 회수되었다. 조사 결과 회계감사서비스와 MAS의 제공자가 동일인이 아닐 경우에 감사인의 독립성에 영향을 미치지 않을 것이라고 응답자의 58.5%가 답했고, 영향이 있을 것이라고는 21.5%가 답했으며 20.0%는 확신을 갖지 못했다. 반면에, 회계감서비스와 MAS의 제공자가 동일인일 경우에는 감사인의 독립성에 영향을 미치지 않을 것이라고 응답자의 18.7%가 답을 했고, 영향이 있을 것이라고는 54.5%가 답했으며 17.5%는 확신을 보이지 못했다. 서비스 제공자의 동일인 여부에 의한 응답의 차이는 통계적으로 유의적인 차이를 보였다. 결론적으로 서비스 제공자가 동일인일 경우에 회계정보의 이용자 집단은 회계정보의 제공자 집단보다는 감사인의 독립성에 영향을 미치는 것으로 지각하고 있다. 그러나 서비스 제공자가 동일인이 아닐 경우에는 네 집단 모두 감사인의 독립성이 지켜지는 것으로 보고 있다. 따라서 회계법인의 동일 기업에 대한 회계감사서비스와 MAS의 동시 제공에 대한 규제는 보다 신중하게 접근할 필요가 있다. The purpose of this study is to examine the compatibility of management advisory services and auditing services in CPA firms. Questionnaires were sent to 600 of the four parties (executives and accountants, CPAs, corporate loan officers of bank and security analysts). The response rate was 70.0%; 420 of the 600 questionnaires returned. Nearly 58.5% of the four parties do not believe that management advisory services seriously endanger the CPA's audit independence; 21.5% believe that they do; and the remaining 20.0% are somewhat undecided whether or not auditing and management advisory services should be performed by separate staffs in the CPA firms. On the other hand, in the CPA firms where auditing and management advisory services are not performed by separate staffs, about 18.7% of the four parties do not believe that management advisory services seriously endanger the CPA's audit independence; 54.5% believe that they do; and the remaining 17.5% are undecided. The difference between the separate staffs and non-separate staffs is statistically significant. In conclusion, the four parties do not impair the CPA's audit independence when auditing and management services are performed by separate staffs. Therefore, it is necessary to carefully establish the policy (e.g. ban management advisory services for audit clients) for CPA firms which provide both auditing and management advisory services to the same clients.

트레드밀 걷기 운동 시 무게부하의 차이가 호흡순환기능 및 대사기능에 미치는 영향

김용규,이채산,김자영,박미숙,김광중,이광호 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.20 No.1

The purpose of this study was to compare on cadiopulmonary and metabolism function of 10㎏ weight loading group(10 females) and W university students with non weight loading group(10 females. Each group did treadmill walking exercise for twenty minutes by the modified balke protocol. Heart rate(HR), systolic(SBP), MVO₂, and VO₂max were analyzed using 2×2(groups×during) repeated measures analysis of variance (MANOVA). And peak blood velocity(PBV) and MBV were analyzed by using 2×2(groups×during) repeated measures analysis of variance (MANOVA). Lactate and glucose were amalyed by separate 2×2 (groupxduring) analysis of variance(ANOVA). Results of this study suggest that: The change of HR, SBP and MVO₂ in experience and control group showed the significant(p<.05) increase during walking exercise. Variables between experience and control group showed not significant level. But VO₂ in each group showed the significant(p<.001) increase during walking exercise. Differenc among each group showed significant(p<.001) level. Lactate and glucose level in each group showed significant(p<.001, p<.05) increase during walking exercise. Differences among each group showed not significant level. PBV and MBV in each group significant(p<.001) increase during walking exercise. Difference among each group showed significant(p<.05) level. According to these results, weight loading walking exercise considering safety promotes to cardiovascular function and it is expected to be an effective exercise methods able to improve the physical inefficiency of long time walking type.