최근 10년간 원광의대병원에서 시행한 소아 심장혈관 수술의 임상적 고찰

윤향석,정수미,최두영,오광수,오연균,김종덕,양현웅,이삼윤,김형곤,최종범,최순호,노병석 圓光大學校 醫科學硏究所 1995 圓光醫科學 Vol.11 No.2

We reviewed 10 years experiences of the clinical aspects and early postoperative results in 544 pediatric patients(age less than 16 years old). Among them. 529 cases had the congenital heart diseases, and 15 had the acquired diseases. Open heart surgery was performed in 413 patients. 115 cases were treated with non-open heart surgery. 16 with interventional catheterization. Annual increase of the cardiac patients was not significant in recent 10 years, except slight increase in 1994. The mean age of the study patients had been evidently changed to younger year by year. Total mortality rate of the open heart surgery was 6.4%. The cyanotic congenital heart diseases were high in early postoperative mortality by 25.7%, whereas 4% in acyanotic group. The age group less than one month was most highest in surgical mortality(66.7%). There were no deaths in patients with patent ductus arteriosus(103 cases), atrial septal defect(83 cases) or pulmonary stenosis(17 cases). Among 220 patients with ventricular septal defects(VSD). 10(4.5%) were died early postoperatively. In cyanotic group, the patients with pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defects(PAVSD), transposition of the great arteries(TGA), interrupted aortic arch(IAA), complex cardiac anomalies with isomerism seemed to be most susceptible to an early death.

한의진단명과 진단요건의 표준화 연구 III : 3차년도 연구결과 보고

최선미,양기상,최승훈,박경모,박종현,심범상,김성우,노석선,이인선,정진홍,이진용,김달래,임형호,김윤범,박성식,송태원,김종우,이승기,최윤정,신순식 한국한의학연구원 1997 한국한의학연구원논문집 Vol.3 No.1

The diagnostic requirements were suggested and explained regarding the systems of differentiation of symptoms and signs in the third year study of standardization and unification of the terms and conditions used for diagnosis in oriental medicine. The systems were as follows : - analyzing and differentiating of epidemic febrile disease - analyzing and differentiating in accordance with the Sasang constitution medicine based on four-type recognition - differentiation of disease according to pathological changes of Chong and Ren channels - standards for diagnosis of women's disease - standards for diagnosis of children's disease - standards for diagnosis of motor and sensor disturbance (-muscle. born, joint, etc.) - standards for diagnosis of neuropsychiatric disease - standards for diagnosis of five sense organ disease - standards for diagnosis of external disease The indivisual diagnosis pattern was arranged by the diagnostic requirements in the following order : another name, notion of diagnosis pattern, index of differentiation of symptoms and signs, the main point of diagnosis, analysis of diagnosis pattern, discrimination of diagnosis pattern, prognosis, a way of curing a disease, prescription, herbs in common use, disease appearing the diagnosis pattern, documents. The standards for diagnosis of each disease was arranged by the diagnostic requirements in the following order : another name, notion of disease, the main point of diagnosis, analyzing and differentiating of disease, analysis of disease, discrimination of disease, prognosis, a way of curing and prescription of disease, disease in western medicine appearing the disease in oriental medicine, documents.

의료환경 변화에 대비한 의학기술부문의 교육방향

최종학,윤범철,조경진,이준협,임국환,고성진,최경호 高麗大學校 倂設 保健大學 保健科學硏究所 2003 保健科學論集 Vol.29 No.1

Under the pressure to open the service market as proposed by World Trade Organization, we can easily expect our educational systems for allied health professions will experience a lot of changes in near future. Accordingly, we compared our current educational systems for allied health professions with the foreign ones and mapped out some strategies predicting the forthcoming enormous changes. Major investigations and analysis are summed up as follows, The educational programs for allied health professions which was started in 1963 in Korea are stilled remained as 2 to 3 school years, while the systems in advanced countries have already been changed or been changing from 2 year to 4 year college levels. We can hardly find the uniform educational system or school years for the allied health professions in the world except for Korea. Fortunately, university level four-year programs for the profession was established in 1979 in Won-joo for the first time in Korea. However, there are still only few four-year programs in this country. To meet the rapidly changing needs we have faced in the health areas we should supply appropriate health personnel through various efforts. Now we would like to suggest followings, <Educational goals for the allied health professions> 1) reconfirming characteristics for the educational goals of health professions 2) extending school years for the allied health professions 3) strengthening clinical training and internship 4) expanding opportunities for the continuing education through lifelong education 5) upgrading from old-fashioned technologies to advanced technologies 6) cultivating competencies of health professionals for the global competition <Suggestions for the Development of Allied Health Professions> 1) reforming the school years of educational programs for the allied health professions to meet the global standards 2) expanding the role of junior college programs for the allied health professions through the development of intensive courses in the professions. 3) diversifying and specializing the allied health professions mainly through 4 year B.S. degree programs.

마찰항을 개량한 수치 수격모형

최용석,윤종태 慶星大學校 1998 論文集 Vol.19 No.2

The unsteady flow in pipelines is analyzed applying second order differencing to the friction term. The series solution method and Newton-Raphson algorithm with new initial estimate are used as the solution technique. The pipe system for computation is composed of a constant head reservoir at the upstream end, a control valve at the downstream end, and a single pipe leading from the reservoir to valve. The second order models show more accurate results and the computational efficiency is also much better than a first order model. The error for a steady flow can be removed or reduced by applying steady flow condition at grid points where the flow should theoretically be steady.

연중독의 1예

최우근,윤종경,문성채,최하진 인제대학교 1982 仁濟醫學 Vol.3 No.3

위장관 증상으로 내원하여 연중독증으로 확진된 1예를 보고한다. A case of the lead poisoning associated with gastrointestinal symptoms in a 37 year old employee is reported. The patient had a history of exposure to storage bettery-▲ works for 2 years and was admitted to this hospital because of abdominal pain and distention for 3 days. The initial studies were performed. On peripheral blood, anemia, reticulocytosis and basophilic stippling of the red cells were observed. Mild erythroid hyperplasia and prominent basophilic stippling of the red cells were recognized on the bone marrow aspiration. The lead concentration in serum and urine were 88mg/dl and 250mg/l, respectively. Symptomatic therapy was done.

PCGM과 GCGM을 이용한 타원형 완경사방정식의 수치해석

최용석,윤종태 경성대학교 2000 論文集 Vol.21 No.1

The elliptic mild slope equation has not only been used in its original form but also provided the basic governing equation for the development of other wave equations such as the parabolic equations and hyperbolic equations, allowing the generation of numerical model which could predict reasonably well the evolution of monochromatic waves due to combined effect of refraction and diffraction in coastal waters. The iterative procedures PCGM (Preconditioned Conjugate Gradient Method) and GCGM(Generalized Conjugate Gradient Method)are implemented for solving the complete mild slope equation. The numeric results for the Berkhoff's elliptic shoal test show reasonable agreement with the experimental data. GCGM needs a little bit more computing time than PCGN, but it has more simple algorithmic structure, and more adaptive to various boundary conditions. To remove the improper reflection caused by simple boundary condition, parabolic approximation by Kirby and sponge layers are used. Sponge layer boundary condition shows better results but it needs a thickness of at least two or tree wave lengths. In other to confirm the usefulness of the elliptic numerical model the diffraction coefficients are calculated for a semi-infinite breakwater and a breakwater with a gab. The calculated results agree very well with the analytic solution.

중학교 과학 수업에서 교사와 학생의 언어적 상호작용 분석

최경희,박종윤,최병순,남정희,최경순,이기순 한국과학교육학회 2004 한국과학교육학회지 Vol.24 No.6

이 연구의 목적은 중학교 과학 수업에서 교사와 학생간의 언어적 상호작용이 실제로 어떻게 이루어지고 있는지를 관찰ㆍ분석하여 이에 대한 특징을 추출함으로써 과학 수업에서 교사와 학생간의 언어적 상호작용에 대한 기초 자료를 제공하는데 있다. 이를 위해 수업 분석 준거를 개발하였으며, 8명의 과학 교사의 수업 12차시를 관찰 및 녹화하였으며, 교사와의 면담을 실시하였다. 수업 분석 결과, 관찰한 과학 수업에서 교사와 학생간의 언어적 상호작용은 주로 교사의 단순 확인/기억 질문, 학생의 단답형 응답, 교사의 즉각적 피드백이 주를 이루었다. 교사가 사고 질문을 하고 지연 피드백을 부여 하는 경우 학생들이 자신의 생각을 드러내고 이를 기반으로 사고를 진전시켜 나갈 수 있었으나 이러한 사례는 그 수가 상당히 적었다. 교사들은 학생들의 사고를 유발하고 이를 진전시키기 위한 노력보다는 수업 내용을 논리적 흐름에 맞추어 체계적으로 제시하는 것에 더 큰 중점을 두는 경향이 있었다. 또한 관찰한 수업에서 교사가 시범 실험, 모형 혹은 실물 수업자료 등을 활용할 때 보다 많은 수의 학생들이 적극적으로 수업에 참여하여 자신의 생각을 드러내었으나 교사가 학생들의 생각을 바탕으로 학생들의 사고과정을 진전시켜 나가는 과정을 도모하지 않음으로써 학생들의 사고과정을 단절시키는 경우가 많았다. 따라서 수업 활동과 수업 자료 활용이 효과를 거두기 위해서는 각각의 활용에 있어서 학생들과 구체적으로 어떠한 상호 작용을 형성해야 하는지에 대해 연구가 이루어져야하며, 또한 교사는 교사의 질문이나 피드백이 학생들의 학습에 중요한 역할을 함을 인식해야 한다. The purpose of this study is to analyze verbal interaction between teachers and students in order to collect qualitative data on the characteristics of the interaction to enhance teaching efficacy. Total of 12 classes of eight science teachers were observed and were interviewed. The classes were video taped and all the verbal interactions were transcribed. The transcribed content and interviews were further analyzed to draw any conclusions on the verbal interaction between teachers and students. Analysis criteria for the data on the class and interview were developed based on the literature review and applied to analyze the collected content. The analyzed data showed that verbal interactions composed of confirmation questions for memorization, students' short responses and teacher's immediate feedbacks. The results of the study also suggested that there needs to be further studies on the interactional techniques for teacher in utilizing the class materials and activities. The teachers should acknowledge the importance of the questions and feedbacks of teachers for students to stimulate their sound learning through literatures.

해외직접투자기업의 현지법인 업적평가에 관한 연구

최종윤 韓日經商學會 1999 韓日經商論集 Vol.18 No.-

Adequate and effective systems have had to be developed to evaluate the performance of foreign subsidiaries and to ensure that foreign operations complied with the goals of overseas direct investment companies. Performance evaluation of foreign operations must deal with such complications as fluctuating exchange rates, foreign inflation, transfer pricing, and various environmental effects. However developing an evaluation system is still relying on judgment more than theory. The purpose of this study is to suggest a set of reasonable guidelines, based on previous studies and empirical evidences, to use in measuring and evaluating the performance of foreign operations and their managers. This study investigates the currency and financial measures used to evaluate the performance of foreign operations by headquarters. U.S. dollar measures were used in evaluating the subsidiaries operating in the United States and U.S. dollar or local currency measures were used in evaluating the subsidiaries operating in non-U.S. countries. Profit, budget compared to actual profit, growth rate of profit and growth rate of sales appear to be the most important financial measures in evaluating in U.S. dollars. The important measures cited in local currency are profit, growth rate of sales, growth rate of profit and debt ratio.

항암제(Adriamycin, Cyclophosphamide, 5-Fluorouracil)로 유발된 흰쥐의 간독성에 대한 Squalene의 효과

최영복,김종세,윤중식 조선대학교 기초과학연구소 1998 自然科學硏究 Vol.21 No.1

The objective of the present study was to investigate the cytotoxicity of Adriamycin〔ADM〕. Cyclophosphamide〔CP〕, 5-Fluorouracil〔5-FU〕 in mouse liver cells (group A, B, c), and the protective effect of squalene to the hepatocytes to which ADM, CP, and 5-Fu-induced cytotoxicity(group A-1, B-1, C-1) was examined by transmission electron microscope. In the group A, The cisternae of rough endolplasmic reticulum(RER) and smooth endoplasmic reticulum(SER) are dilated/disoriented at 24 hours and 48 hours. The inner and outer membrane of mitochondria are detached or destructed, and attached ribosomes of RER are diminished in number. The cisternae of the SER are dilated, and the cristae of mitochondria are disrupted at 72 hours and 96 hours. In the group A-1, the cisternae of the RER and the SER are dilated at 24 hours. The cisternae of the SER are dilated at 48 hours. The cell organelles of hepatocytes are recovered from cytotoxicity at 72 hours. At 96 hours, hepatocytes were simillar to those of normal hepatocytes. In the group B, the cisternae of RER were partially destructed and attached ribosomes were remarkable decreased at 24 hours. A number of the mitochondria were dilated and increased in number, the filamentous materials also detected at 72 hours. In the group B-1, the difference between the normal and the treated groups were not detected at 24 hours, but the few mitochondria were expanded at the 72 hours. In the group C, the nucleus was destroyed at 24 hours and 48 hours group, however, somewhat repaired at 72 hours group. The dilated inner cavity and the irregular lamellae of the RER were observed continually until 72 hours group. The inner cavity of the SER were dilated in all groups. However, the destroyed and the normal membrane were observed simultaneously at 72 hours group. The inner membrane of the mitochondria were almost repaired at 96 hours group. In the group C-1, the nucleus was a little finfluenced by the toxicity of 5-Fu at 24 hours and 48 hours, RER were observed to keep the typical lamella structure of cisternae from 24 to 72 hours group, but inner cavity kept on dilating. In SER, inner cavity were also observed to flatten from 24 to 72 hours group. Mitochondria were always shown normal. All cell organelles were similar to those of normal at 96 hours. Accordingly, it can be said that the treatment of SQ prevents the cytotoxicity of ADM, CP, 5-FU on cell organelles of liver cell and that is concerned with the formation of membrane system of cell organelles.

중추에서 Prostaglandin계가 Renin-angiotensin System에 미치는 영향

최영태,김종승,문성호,오형균,김재훈,전제열,염철호,윤평진 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 1997 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.22 No.1

Role of prostaglandins on the renin-angiotensin system in the central nervous system was examined in normotensive and 2-kidney, 1 clip (2K1C) hypertensive rats. The experiment was done under thiopental (50 ㎎/㎏, IP) anesthesia. Captopril and indomethacin were injected into the right lateral cerebral ventricle. Arterial blood pressure and heart rate were recorded from the femoral artery. Intracerebroventricular (ICV) captopril (1 ㎎) caused a decrease in mean arterial pressure in both normotensive and 2K1C hypertensive rats. The depressor response to captopril was more sensitive in hyper-tensive rats than in normotensive rats. Indomethacin treatment (ICV, 200 ㎎) altered the depressor response to captopril neither in normotensive nor in hypertensive rats. These results suggest that the cardiovascular effect of renin-angiotensin system in the central nervous system may not be mediated via prostaglandin systems in normotensive and 2KlC hypertensive rats.