전경대원에서 발생한 결핵의 임상 양상

문창기,박상준,조민구,김영중,김소연,김윤권,정준오,안석진,김은실,서승오,김지훈,최원제,이윤영,박형기,최규영,김현근 대한감염학회 2006 감염과 화학요법 Vol.38 No.6

Background: The purpose of this study was to document the incidence and clinical characteristics of patients with tuberculosis (TB) in combat and auxiliary police, living in a group, in Korea where the incidence rate of active TB in a general population is higher than in Western countries. Materials and Methods:We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of all tuberculosis patients diagnosed at National Police Hospital from January 2002 through December 2004. Results:In 2002-2004, a total of 156 cases of tuberculosis were identified with the mean (Standard deviation) age of 20.6 (±1.0) years. Of these, 134 (85.9%) patients were registered as new cases, 11 (7.1%) as relapse, 2 (1.3%) as failure, 5 (3.1%) as treatment-after-default cases whereas 4 (2.6 %) patients were not included in any categories. Average annual new TB rate and smear-positive TB rate were 86.5/10^(5) and 17.4/10^(5) person-years, respectively. In 12 of 31 smear-positive cases, time from onset of symptoms to diagnosis was more than 30 days. Two multidrug-resistance TB cases were identified and two suspected outbreak episodes of TB had occurred during 3 years. Conclusion:There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence rate of new cases of TB between the general population aged 20 to 29 years and combat and auxiliary police in Korea. 배경 : 국내 결핵의 발생은 감소 추세에 있으나 여전히 후진국형 발생양상을 보이고 있다. 특히 집단생활을 하는 젊은이들에서 발생하는 결핵의 유행이 간헐적으로 알려지고 있어 우려를 낳고 있다. 이에 저자들은 최근 전경대원의 결핵 발병 양상에 대해 알아보고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 재료 및 방법 : 2002년 1월부터 2004년 12월까지 3년간 경찰병원에서 결핵 진료를 받은 전경대원의 의무기록을 후향적으로 분석하여 연도별 결핵 신환발생률, 도말양성결핵 신환율, 진단 지연, 집단발병, 다제내성결핵을 조사하였다. 결과 : 연도별 결핵 신환자 수(10만명당 발생추정치)는 2002년 50명(83.6명), 2003년 42명(83.7명), 2004년 42명(93.5명)이었고 도말양성 폐결핵 신환자 수는 2002년 10명(16.7명), 2003년 11명(21.9명), 2004년 6명(13.4명)이었다. 3년간 도말양성 폐결핵 환자는 31명이 있었고 그 중 12명은 호흡기 증상 발생 30일이 지나서 진단을 받았다. 다제내성 결핵은 2명이 있었으며 결핵의 집단발병이 의심되는 사례는 2차례 있었다. 결론 : 전경대원과 20-29세 연령군 일반인의 결핵 신환발생률, 도말양성 폐결핵 발생률의 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다.

뇌졸중후 우울증

문석우,서정석,남범우,최진영 건국대학교 의과학연구소 2004 건국의과학학술지 Vol.14 No.-

In recent years, depression is most commonly reported psychiatric condition after stroke, poststroke depression(PSD) has attracted world-wide interest. This review focuses on the major research themes that have emerged. Pooled data from studies, have wide variation in results is due to different criteria for patient selection, different evaluation methods, diagnostic criteria and poststroke intervals, conducted throughout the world have found prevalence rates for from 18% to 65%. The diagnosis of PSD is most appropriately based on a structured mental state exam and DSM-N criteria for depression due to stroke with major depressive-like episode or depressive features. Rarely, poststroke patients may also develop bipolar mood disorder. The treatment of PSD, single antidepressant showing efficacy and electroconvulsive theraphy(ECT) and behavioral therapies have also effective. The progression of recovery following stroke can be altered by treating depression, which has been shown to improve recovery in activities of daily living(ADL) and cognitive impairment and to decreased mortality. The mechanisms underlying the association of stroke and mood disorder are important areas for future investigation.

제7차 교육과정에 따른 고등학교 과학(화학단원) 교과서에 대한 연구 : 교육목표, 탐구활동을 중심으로 Emphasizing the Analysis of Educational Purposes and Inquiry Activities

이영진,이석희,문성배 부산대학교 사범대학 과학교육연구소 2002 科學敎育硏究報 Vol.29 No.-

The purpose of this study is to provide the basic data of educational activities on the school scene, by finding the extent of agreement between the educational purposes of high school science textbooks by the 7th curriculum and those of science curriculum, and by analysing the purposes, contents and context of inquiry activities in the textbook, and by dividing the contents of STS into the subject and activity area. In the study, the educational purposes of the curriculum, the learning purposes of the textbooks, and the learning purposes and contents of inquiry activity were comparatively analyzed on the basis of Klopfer's Taxonomic system that emphasizes on the process of inquiry. And the inquiry state was analyzed on the basis of the 4th Testing Frame of NAEP. The contents of STS were analyzed by the topics of Piel, and student activities of SATIS. The educational purposes of the 7th curriculum include all the category except manual skills(G.0) of Klopfer's Taxonomy of Educational purposes. But the study revealed that the part of Knowledge and Comprehension including the Process of Scientific Inquiry(category A.0~E.0) amounted to 82.1% of the educational objectives for the science textbooks of the 7th curriculum respectively, and the affective domain didn't agree with the purposes required by the curriculum and the learning purposes of the textbooks.

晋州地方의 諸 氣象要素에 關한 分析的 硏究 : 第5報 雲量의 變化에 關하여 (1931~'60) 5. On the Changes of Cloud amount(1931~'60)

宋珍燮,崔文錫,金仁湖 慶尙大學校 1974 論文集 Vol.13 No.-

1931年 1月부터 1960年 12月까지 晉州地方의 雲量에 관하여 調査 分析되어진 바를 要約하면; (1) 年中 雲量의 平年値(Normals)는 4.7로 나타나고 있으며, (2) 年別 年中의 變化는 1958年의 4.0으로 最低이고 1946年과 1952年의 5.1이 最高를 보이고 있다. (3) 觀測全年의 季節別 雲量의 最低値는 冬季의 3.6이고 夏季의 6.2가 最高値를 나타내고 있다. (4) 年中의 月別 雲量가운데 12月과 1月의 3.5가 最低이고 7月의 6.8이 最高値를 보여 주고 있다. (5) 全年의 흐림, 개임 및 맑음의 日數의 百分率은 各各 42.5%, 20.3% 및 37.2%를 나타내고 있다. In the district of Jinju, the statistical reserch on the cloud amount has been carried out from the matterials which is observed at The Office of Rural Development, Gyeongnam Province from Jan. 1931 to Dec. 1960. To analyze the data numerically, the mean value has been calcuted daily, dekad and monthly during the years. The normal values are listed on the Table (1), (2), (3) and (4). The changes of dekad, monthly and yearly are plotted on Fig (1) and (2). From the tables and figures, the results are summarized as follows: 1) The annual value of the cloud amount is 4.7. 2) In the yearly changes, the lowest mean value is 4.0 in 1958 and the highest is 5.1 in 1952. 3) In the seasonal changes, the lowest mean value is 3.6 in winter and the highest is 6.2 in summer. 4) In the monthly changes, the lowest mean value is 3.5 in Dec. and the highest is 6.8 in July. 5) In the dekad changes, the lowest mean value is 3.1 inthe 3rd ekad in Fed. and the highestis 7.7 in the lst in July. 6) In the daily changes, the lowest mean value is 8.1 i Jan. 27the and the highest is 8.3 in June 29th and July 10th. 7) The percentage of annual Cloudy, Fair and Clear days are 42.5%, 20.3% adn 37.2%.

심상성 루프스에서 Nested-Primer Gene Amplification Assay에 의한 결핵균 DNA의 검출

신문석,전효진,김병천,이규석,김재룡,권호준,송준영 啓明大學校 醫科大學 1994 계명의대학술지 Vol.13 No.4

Lupus vulgaris, which is a progressive form of postprimary tuberculosis in patients with a moderate to high degree of immunity and tuberculin sensitivity, is the most common, most serious, and most variable type of cutaneous and mucous membrane tuberculosis. Domonstration of M.tuberculosis directly or in culture in some of these eruptions can be difficult. It is essential to demonstrate the presence of M.tuberculosis in a clinical sample for a definitive diagnosis of tuberculosis. With the discovery of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), the DNA diagnostic approach for infection has developed in a short period. With the dual purpose of definitive and rapid diagnosis of tuberculosis, this study examined the usefulness of a nested PCR for detection of M. turberculosis. Compared with a single-step PCR, the two-step PCR was able to enhance sensitivity approximately 1,000-fold on the basis of bacterial counts and DNA quantity. We concluded that two-step nested PCR appeared to be the most useful PCR protocol for early and sensitive diagnostic method detecting M.tuberculosis in acid-fast stain negative specimens.

인진 추출물이 마우스 대식세포주인 RAW264.7 세포주의 iNOS 발현 및 superoxide 형성에 미치는 영향

박진상,文錫哉,文九,元秦喜 한국전통의학연구소 1999 한국전통의학지 Vol.9 No.1

Nitric oxide(NO) is synthesized via the oxidation of L-arginine by a family of nitric oxide synthases(NOS), which are either constitutive(cNOS) or inducible(iNOS). The induction of iNOS in tissues can lead to the sustained production of high concentrations of NO which may exert pro-inflammatory effects including vasodilation, edema, cyototoxicity, and its activity can be mediated by various pro-inflammatory cytokine, including interferon γ(INF-γ), tumor necrosis factor, IL-1 and IL-6. The enzyme, iNOS, became a new target for pharmacologcal research with the aim to find new substances for the treatment of chronic inflammatory disorders. Murine macrophages produce large amounts of NO when activated with TEN-γ plus LPS. Murine macrophage-like cell line, RAW 264.7, is a suitable cell model to perform in vitro studies regarding the iNOS system. Artemisin feddei Lev. et Vnt.(Compositae) is a perennial herb growing in Korea. The aerial parts have been used in foik medicine as antiinflammatory, antipyretic, choleretic and diuretic agent. Sesquiterpenelactones were isolated from this plant. In the course of screening for NO inhibitory activity from medicnial plants, the aqueous extract of this plant was found to have a significant activity.

Lidocaine, Thrombin, Epinephrine 의 항균효과

김진우,이동건,전혜선,김승준,김석찬,안중현,김치홍,권순석,김영균,김관형,문화식,신완식,송정섭,박성학 대한감염학회 2005 감염과 화학요법 Vol.37 No.6

목적 : 기관지내시경 검사에서 흔히 사용되는 국소마취제인 lidocaine과 내시경시 지혈목적으로 사용되는 thrombin과 epinephrine이 각종 균주에 미치는 항균효과에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법 : 균주는 가톨릭대학교 성모병원에서 2004년 3월부터 2004년 9월까지 임상검체 에서 동정된 S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa 각각 42, 42, 42, 43주를 대상으로 하였다. Lidocaine, thrombin, epinephrine 감수성 검사는 National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS, 2002)의 기준에 따랐다. 결과 : Lidocaine은 S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa에서 MIC_(50), MIC_(90) 모두 20,000 ㎍/mL 이었다. K. pneumoniae는 각각 10,000 ㎍/mL이었다. Thrombin은 S. aureus와 P. aeruginosa에서 MIC50 500 lU/mL 과 MIC_(90) 500 IU/mL 이상이었고, K. pneumoniae에서는 MIC_(50)과 MIC_(90)이 모두 500 lU/mL이상이었으나 S. pneumoniae에서는 MIC_(50)과 MIC_(90)은 125 IU/mL이었다. Epinephrine은 K. pneumoniae, S. pneumoniae에 대한 MIC_(50), MIC_(90)가 모두 >500 ㎍/mL이었고, S. aureus와 P. aeruginosa에 대한 MIC_(50), MIC_(90)가 모두 500 ㎍/mL이었다. 결론 : 기관지 내시경 검사에서 흔히 쓰이는 lidocaine, thrombin, epinephrine 등의 약제들이 호흡기 질환의 흔한 병원균인 S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa 균주들에 대해 항균 효과가 있을 수 있어 세균배양검사에 영향을 미칠 수 있겠다. Background : We performed this stody to find out about antimicrobial effect of lidocaine which is commonly used local anesthetic, and thrombin and epinephrine used for hemostasis during bronchoscopic procedures. Materials and Methods : The microorganisms that were cultured from specimens obtained during bronchoscopy were Staphylococcus aureus (n=42), Streptococcus pneumoniae (n=42), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=42), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n=43) collected from St. Mary's Hospital, from March to Sep 2004 were used for susceptibity testing. Susceptibility to lidocaine, thrombin, and epinephrine were tested according to the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. Result : MIC_(50) and MIC_(90) of lidocaine for S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa were all 20,000 ㎍/mL and that for K. pneumoniae were 10,000 ㎍/mL. MIC_(50) and MIC_(90) of thrombin for both S. aureus and P. aeruginosa was 500 IU/mL and above 500 IU/mL, respectively; that for K. pneumoniae were all above 500 IU/mL and for S. pneumoniae they were 125 IU/mL, MIC_(50) and MIC_(90) of epinephrine for K. pneumoniae and S. pneumoniae were above 500 ㎍/mL; that for S. aureus and P. aeruginosa were 500 ㎍/mL. Conclusion : We observed possible antimicrobial effect of lidocaine, thrombin, and epinephrine in vitro against pathogens such as S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, which are common respiratory microorganisms. The use of these agants could affect the result of bacterial culture.

성균관대학교 멀티미디어 원격교육 시스템(배움 한마당) 개발에 관한 연구

김석수,권해문,이상권,김상진,전진호,황대준 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1997 論文集 Vol.48 No.1

We propose SKKU Multimedia Distance Education System for distance education between nature science campus(Suwon) and social science campus(Seoul) in Sung Kyun Kwan University on DooRae (Distributed Object Oriented Multimedia Application Crafting Environment for Collaboration) framework (or platform). We support ONE : N study mode for a group lecture and discussion between two campus, and also we support mediation for floor mode of a group lecture and brain storming for floor mode of discussion. The communication portocol of this system is composed of TCP/IP and UDP, and the network type is composed of WAN(El line)for between the Suwon campus and Seoul campus, ATM LAN for each campus(local site). And, this system supports the application development of the collaborative multimedia environment connected with the various network in the CBM (Computer based Multimedia) based. Also, it does not restrict on space between a teacher(s) and a student(s) into cyberspace which made by network. This system has an interaction, late comer, a question and an answer, multi-session, application sharing and whiteboard which resembles chalkboard. Also, various supplementary functions such as video conference and voice conference for this system are what makes face-to-face education effective. Also it supports real or non-real type. The operation system developed on windows 95.

實腸散 Extract가 腸管運動 및 血淸電解質에 미치는 影響에 對한 實驗的 硏究

元泰喜,文九,文錫哉 圓光大學校 韓醫學硏究所 1991 원광한의학 Vol.1 No.1

Effects of Siljangsan(實腸散) extract on the intestinal tract were studied in isolated orgna segments in vitro. Treatment of Siljansan extract caused an decrease of the contractile response of the isolated guinea pig ileum. Generally the magnitude of decrease was related to the dose of Siljangsan extract. The relaxative response of isolated guinea pig ileum induced by Siljangsan extract was inhibited if propranolol was pretreated to the ileum segment. And contractions of isolated guinea pig ileums, induced by acetylcholine, histamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine, were inhibited on Siljangsan extract. Effects of Siljangsan extract on the serum slectrolyte were also investigated in rat in vivo. Serum-Na^+ concentration, in contrast to control group, has appeared significant value in 100mg/kg(4hr), 500mg/kg(2, 4hr) administered groups. Serum-K^+ concentration, in contrast to control group, has appeared significant value in 100mg/kg(1hr) administered group. Serum-HCO^-_3 concentration, in contrast to control group, has appeared significant value in 500mg/kg(4hr) administered group. But the effects of Siljangsan were not directly relate to regulation of water and electrolyte(Na^+, K^+, HCO^-_3) The results presented in this study suggests that the therapeutic effects of Siljangsan on the intestinal tract function might due to its action on the autonomic nervous system of intestinal tract and directly on the intestinal smooth muscle.

黃酸銅溶液의 電氣傳導度에 關한 硏究

崔文錫,金仁湖,宋珍燮 慶尙大學校 1975 論文集 Vol.14 No.-

To study the electric conductivity of CuSO₄·5H₂O solution using the U. C. current, the measurements of U. C. current have been made with the changes of concentration, length of solution column and Temperature of solution. The changes of resistance, specific resistance and equivalent conductance have been researched on each condition. The follows are summarized as the results of research. (1) In the U. C. current, the equation R-R₁=ρ' l/A may he proposed to calculate the specific resistance of solution. (2) The changes of the equivalent conductance have been increased with decreasing in concentration of solution. (3) The equivalent conductance values of CuSO₄·5H₂O solution mixed with H₂SO₄ solution are larger than that of pure CuSO₄·5H₂O solution. (4) The changes of drift velocity of ions have been decreased with increasing in concentration. (5) The changes of equivalent conductance have been il]creased with increasing in temperature.