다제내성 그람양성균에 대한 Linezolid(Zyvox^(�))의 시험관내 항균력 비교

박대원,정희진,엄중식,황병연,김성범,이재갑,이연주,정혜원,정성주,박재형,이진수,손장욱,김우주,김민자,박승철 대한감염학회 2003 감염과 화학요법 Vol.35 No.5

배경 : MRSA, VRE, VRSA같은 다제 내성 그람 양성균의 등장에 따라 glycopeptide를 대체할 새로운 항생제의 개발이 필요하게 되었고 결과적으로 새로운 항생제인 linezolid라는 항생제가 개발되었다. Linezolid는 이전의 항생제와는 다른 새로운 계열의 oxazolidinone으로 경구 이용률이 우수하다. 원내 및 원외감염의 중요한 원인균이 되고 있는 MRSA, VRE에 대한 적절한 경구용 항균제가 없는 국내에서 폐렴 및 피부 연조직 감염에서 경구용으로 사용해 볼 수 있는 약제이다. 본 연구에서는 고대 구로 병원에서 분리된 MRSA, VRE 등을 대상으로 다른 여러 항균제와 비교한 linezolid의 시험관내 항균력을 조사하고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법 : 연구대상은 1998년 1월부터 2000년 12월까지 본원에서 입원 및 외래를 통하여 피부 연조직 감염증 및 호흡기 감염증, 요로감염증으로 진단된 환자들의 가검물로부터 분리된 MRSA 60균주, VRE 43균주, PRSP 25균주를 액체배지 또는 한천배지 희석법을 통하여 linezolid 및 기타 항균제에 대한 최소발육억제농도를 구하였다. 결과 : 실험에 사용한 S. aureus는 모두 MRSA였고 이들은 linezolid에 대해 MIC_(90) 2㎍/㎖(MIC 범위 1-2㎍/㎖), Enterococcus spp는 모두 VRE로 linezolid의 MIC_(90)은 2㎍/㎖로 MIC 범위는 1-4㎍/㎖였다. 한 개의 균주에서 MIC 4㎍/㎖로 중등도 감수성을 보였으나 MIC breakpoint가 (8㎍/㎖인 내성균주는 없고 모두 감수성을 보였다. S. pneumoniae의 경우 penicillin 내성이었고, linezolid MIC_(90) 1㎍/㎖ (MIC 범위 0.5-1㎍/㎖)로 전부 감수성을 보였다. 결론 : Linezolid는 MRSA를 위시한 VRE, PRSP 등의 다제 내성 그람 양성균에 대하여 우수한 시험관내 항균력을 보임을 알 수 있었다. Background : The emergence of multi-drug resistant Gram-positive cocci, such as MRSA, VRE, and VRSA, necessitated to develop new antibiotics, which could replace the glycopeptide. As a result, a new antibiotics named linezolid was developed. Linezolid is different line of oxazolidinones with a good oral bioavailability, compared to other antibiotics. Since appropriate oral antibiotics are not presently available for MRSA, which is a major cause of nosocomial and community acquired infections, the introduction of linezolid will have favorable effect on treatment of infections such as pneumonia or skin infections. In this study, we investigated the antibiotic effect of linezolid on MRSA and VRE isolated from patients who were treated in Korea University Guro Hospital. Material and Methods : By using broth microdilution and agar dilution method we measured minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) with sixty S. aureus, forty three Enterococcus spp., and twenty five S. pneumoniae isolates from patients who were diagnosed as skin, soft tissue, respiratory, and urinary infections in Korea University Guro Hospital from January, 1998 to December, 2002. Results : All of S. aureus used in this study were MRSA, and MIG_(90) of linezolid was below 2 ㎍/㎖ (MIC ranged between 1-2 ㎍/㎖). All of Enterococcus spp. were VRE, and had MIG_(90) of 2 ㎍/㎖ (MIC ranged between 1 to 4 ㎍/㎖). One of the VRE showed intermediate susceptibility with MIC of 4 ㎍/㎖. However, none was resistant with MIC breakpoint above 8 ㎍/㎖. All of S. pneumoniae were resistant to penicillin, but they were susceptible to linezolid with MICao of 1 ㎍/㎖(MIC range 0.5-1㎍/㎖). Conclusion : In conclusions, linezolid has an excellent in vitro antibiotic effect on multi-drug resistant Gram-positive cocci, such as MRSA, PRSP, and VRE.

졸-겔법으로 합성된 폴리이미드/실리카 복합체의 환경적 물성에 관한 연구

박성수,홍성수,이성환,김성완,박재현,김지경,박희찬 한국환경과학회 2003 한국환경과학회지 Vol.12 No.4

Two types of polyimide/silica composite films were prepared using sol-gel method through hydrolysis and polycondensation of tetraethoxsilane(TEOS) with the polyamic acid(PAA) and end-capped PAA solution. Sample were characterized by the means of differential thermogravimetry, X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy, universal test, impedance analyzer, chemical resistance test, etc. All of the PAA/silanol solutions heat-treated at 300℃ for 6h were transformed to polyimide/silica composites. It has been demonstrated that the properties of polyimide/silica composites were affected by the amount of silica addition and the bond type existed between polyimide and silica.

당뇨병 환자에서 발생한 대장 가성폐색증 1예

이재형,강준구,박준성,이창범,박용수,김동선,함준수,김태화,안유헌,박충기 대한당뇨병학회 2002 임상당뇨병 Vol.3 No.2

가성 장폐색은 기계적인 폐색부위가 없이 복부팽만과 구토 등 장폐색의 증상과 징후가 나타나는 질환을 말하며, 선행원인을 찾을 수 없는 원발성 가성 장폐색과 다른 질환에 이차적으로 발생하는 속발성 가성 장폐색으로 나눌 수 있다. 당뇨병은 잘 알려진 속발성 가성 장폐색의 원인이지만 실제로 당뇨병에 의한 가상 장폐색의 발생 빈도는 매우 드문 것으로 보이며, 가성 장폐색의 적절한 치료에 대해서는 아직 논란이 있다. 저자들은 2형 당뇨병 환자에게 대장에 국한된 급성 가성 장폐색을 진단하고 보존적 치료를 시행하여 호전된 1예를 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. Colonic pseudo-obstruction is a disorder characterized by gross dilatation of the colon in the absence of any anatomic lesions, which obstructs the flow of the intestinal contents. Diabetes is a well known cause of secondary pseudo-obstruction but its prevalence in rare and not well understood. A 59-year-old woman patient was admitted due to abdominal distension and nausea of a day's duration. She was diagnosed with diabetes 15 years ago, but the condition had been poorly controoled. On the abdominal radiographs, there were marked small and large bowel dilatation with the, exception of the descending colon. Our initial diagnosis was mechanical obstruction, but the possible causes were not found. Also, we could not find another cause of the secondary pseudo-obstruction, with the exception of diabetes mellitus. Thus, she was diagnosed with a diabetes induced intestinal pseudo-obstruction. The colonic dilatation was resolved by conservative management and she became comfortable in 10 hospital days, and was subsequently discharged.

서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria Gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1996)

김재홍,황동규,전재홍,김윤석,김중환,김용준,이창균,임동진,김현수,조창근,김경문,박상훈,전우형,김희성,이호정,차명수,김갑형,김형석,김석우,황지환,박병순,권오상,이민수,송기훈,성소영,이인섭,부태성 대한화학요법학회 1999 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.17 No.2

Background : In recent years, gonorrhea has been panedemic and remains one of the most commom STDs in the world, especially in developing countries. Objective & Methods: For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of PPNG, we have been trying to study the patients who have visited the VD Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by means of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. Results: In 1996, 139 strains of N. gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 53(39.0%) were PPNG. Conclusion: Our results suggests that after a peak of 74.3% in 1993, the prevalence of PPNG in Seoul is gradually declining.

2003년 국내 중증급성호흡기증후군 진료 현황 및 문제점 분석

이진수,김은실,정문현,백제중,정선화,안주희,최영화,이선희,고철우,김성범,김민자,박승철,기현균,송재훈,최상호,김양수,이상오,조용균,박영훈,정숙인,김연숙,이흥범,손창희,장성희,정희진,김우주 대한감염학회 2004 감염과 화학요법 Vol.36 No.3

목적 : 2002년 말 중국에서 SARS가 발생한 이후 국내에서도 2003년 10월까지 총 3명의 추정환자, 17명의 의심환자가 보고되었다. 향후 추가적인 SARS의 유행이 우려되는 상황에서, 그간의 SARS 환자 진료에 있어서의 실질적인 준비사항, 진료 현황 등에 대한 조사를 통해 문제점을 파악하여, 향후 더 나은 대비가 될 수 있도록 개선점을 제시하고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법 : SARS로 의심되는 환자를 진료 경험이 있는 병원의료진을 대상으로 2003년 10월에 설문조사를 실시하였다. 설문에는 SARS 환자 진료 시의 실질적인 조치, 진료 현황, 병실, 응급실 및 외래에서의 격리 시설과 준비사항, 보건당국의 관리와 지원에 관한 사항을 포함하였다. 결과 : 대상이 되는 22개 병원 중 17개(17/22, 77.2%) 병원이 설문에 응하였다. SARS 환자를 위한 격리실은 응급실, 외래, 일반병실 및 중환자실에서 각각 9개(9/17, 52.9%), 5개(5/17, 29.4%), 15개(15/16, 93.7%), 4개(4/16, 25%) 병원에서 음압처리가 되어있지 않은 일인실 혹은 다인실이 사용되었고, 1개(1/16, 6.3%) 병원에서만 일반병실에서 음압격리실이 운영되었다. 입원환자의 진찰 시 개인보호구의 착용은 거의 모든 의료기관에서 이루어졌다. 보건당국에서 SARS지정병원의 시설 등을 사전에 확인한 곳은 1곳(1/12, 8.3%)이였고, 14개 병원(14/15, 93.3%)에서는 보건당국에 의뢰한 검사결과를 통하 받지 못하였다. 결론 : 의료기관에서 SARS 환자용 격리실뿐만 아니라 기존의 격리실 설비 등이 미흡하였으며, 특히 중환자실 및 외래의 준비가 더욱 부족하였다. 보건당국의 의료기관에 대한 종합적인 지원이 부족하였고, 병원과의 원활한 연계가 잘 이루어지지 않았다. SARS 만이 아닌 격리를 필요로 하는 질환의 적절한 진료를 위해 향후 병원 시설의 정비와 정부차원에서의 보다 구체적이고 실질적인 대책마련이 필요하다. Background : There was an worldwide outbreak of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) originated from China in late 2002. During that period three cases of suspected SARS and 17 cases of probable SARS were reported in Korea. With the concerns about the reemergence of SARS-coV transmission, it is important to be prepared for any possibility. So, this study is aimed to analysis the past measures in managing SARS and propose the amendatory plans to improve the preparedness. Materials & Methods : Questionnaires were collected among clinicians with any experience in managing the probable or suspected SARS cases in Oct. 2003. 17 out of 22 hospitals responded to the questionnaire. The contents in the questionnaire were practical activities, personal equipments, response plans, isolation facilities in emergency centers, outpatient clinics, general wards and intensive care units, and relationship with the public health department. Results : The dedicated isolation rooms in emergency centers, outpatient clinics, general wards, and intensive care units were prepared in 9 (9/17, 52.9%), 5 (5/17, 29.4%), 15 (15/16, 93.7%), and 4 (4/16, 25.0%) hospitals, respectively. Except for one hospital that newly made negative pressure room for SARS, single or multi-bed rooms without airborne infection control were used in all the other hospitals. The personal precaution principles were kept quite well in general wards. Before the designation of SARS hospital by the public health department prior evalution to see if the hospital was suitable for managing SARS was conducted in only 1 (1/12, 8.3%) hospital. The results of laboratory diagnosis were reported back in 1 (1/15, 6.6%) hospital. Conclusions : The isolation facilities which can control airborne infection were almost deficient not only for SARS but also for other respiratory transmissible diseases. For the infection control of transmissible diseases including SARS, more investment is needed on medical facilities and comprehensive support from the public health department required.

도시계획시설 공급수준에 관한 연구

오재화,이재복,박영수 朝鮮大學校 建設技術硏究所 2007 建設技術硏究 Vol.27 No.1

This study examines the urban characteristics and decision of urban planning facilities analyzes independent variables having correlation with population size with metrical approach and then obtains the following results. First, In correlation analysis, major urban planning facilities invested in the analysis had high correlation to population size and in particular, school and sewerage showed very high correlations and consistent results between population size and variables related to urban planning facilities were drawn. Second, Urban planning facilities having higher discrimination affecting urban scale obtained by means of standardized discrimination function coefficient include sewerage, school, square and market in order. Third, Urban planning facility having the greatest influence on urban population among six urban planning facilities in multiple regression coefficients was sewerage, decision area of urban planning facilities in proportion to population size tended to wide and park and amusement park showed inverse proportion to decision area of urban planning facilities.

국립공원 관리를 위한 해양생태계 장기 모니터링 프로그램의 발전 방향

이채린(Chae-Lin Lee),유재원(Jae-Won Yoo),정병관(Byungkwan Jeoung),김창수(Chang-Soo Kim),안동식(Dong-Sik Ahn),김성태(Sungtae Kim),성은주(Eun-Ju Sung),김성현(Sung-Hyun Kim),정수영(Su-Yeoung Jeong),박영석(Young-Seuk Park) 국립공원연구원 2021 국립공원연구지 Vol.12 No.2

생태계 변화의 모니터링은 효율적 생태계 관리를 위한 기초 정보 수집을 위해 중요한 과정이다. 많은 생태 현상과 그 과정은 오랜 시간에 걸쳐 진행되므로 국립공원의 지속적인 보전 및 효율적 관리를 위해 생태계 모니터링은 장기적으로 이루어질 필요가 있다. 본 연구는 국내외 장기 모니터링 프로그램 사례 분석을 통해 성공적인 장기 모니터링을 위한 방법으로써, 최적화된 모니터링 설계, 표준화된 운용방안 마련, 인적 자원 및 DATA 관리 체계 수립, 안정적인 재정 마련 및 후속지원 등을 제시하였다. 이를 바탕으로, 현재 10년 넘게 수행되고 있는 ‘HS호 유류유출 사고 해역 장기 모니터링 프로그램’의 발전 방향으로 적응형 모니터링 방식이 적용된 표준화된 프로토콜의 정립, QA/QC와 지속적인 자료 관리, 조사 항목의 연계성 강화 등의 구체적 방안을 제안한다. Monitoring ecosystem changes is an important process for collecting basic information for ecosystem management. Since many ecological phenomena and their processes take place over a long period of time, it is necessary to conduct long-term monitoring of ecosystems for the continuous conservation and efficient management of national parks. This study suggested an optimized monitoring design, standardized operation plan, human resource and data management system, stable financial preparation and follow-up support as methods for successful long-term monitoring through case analysis of domestic and foreign long-term monitoring programs. Based on this, it proposes specific measures such as establishing a standardized protocol with adaptive monitoring methods, continuous data management with QA/QC, and strengthening the linkage of investigation items in the development direction of the “HS oil spill accident long-term monitoring program” that has been conducted for more than a decade.

논문 : 국립공원 탐방로 내 위험 급경사지 유지관리 방안 연구

김홍균 ( Hong Gyun Kim ),김태호 ( Tae Ho Kim ),김재학 ( Jae Hak Kim ),곽재환 ( Jae Hwan Kwak ),박성욱 ( Sung Wook Park ),최수원 ( Soo Won Choi ),송영갑 ( Young Karb Song ) 대한지질공학회 2016 지질공학 Vol.26 No.1

국립공원은 주로 산악 지형 내 조성되어 있으므로 산사태에 의한 피해 가능성을 항상 내포하고 있다. 본 연구는 산사태 연구의 일환으로 국립공원 탐방로 내 위험 급경사지를 체계적으로 유지관리하기 위한 방안을 마련하는데 목적이 있다. 국립공원에 특화된 자체 체크리스트를 제작하였으며, 전국 19개 국립공원 183개소 급경사지에 대한 실태조사가 이루어졌다. 실태조사의 최종 목적은 위험 급경사지에 대한 안정화 대책을 마련하는 것으로 현장조사와 안정해석의 과정을 거친다. 일부 급경사지에서는 위험성 판단을 위해 지상라이다 등 특수 장비를 이용한 조사를 시도하였다. 중장기 정비계획을 위한 투자우선순위 공식을 개발하였으며, 현장자료를 이용한 순위 및 위험등급을 산출하였다. 최종적으로 위험 급경사지의 향후 체계적인 관리를 위해 “국립공원 급경사지 유지관리시스템”을 개발하였으며, 모든 현장자료들은 시스템 내 DB화 되었다. National parks, which are located mainly in mountainous areas, are always at risk of damage by landslides. The goal of this study is to establish a method for systematically maintaining hazardous steep slopes along trails in national parks. We produced a checklist suitable for each of the 19 national parks nationwide and investigated 183 slopes. The aim of these investigations is to recommend appropriate slope-stability countermeasures, including field investigations and stability analysis. We made preliminary investigations at specific sites, evaluating the slope hazard using specialized equipment such as terrestrial LiDAR. An investment priority formula was developed, and ranking and hazardous grades were calculated as part of a long-term maintenance plan. Finally, to systematically manage dangerous slopes and to house all the field data within one system, we developed the “Slope Maintenance System in National Parks” based on web server that can show various information for slopes.

한국인 직무 스트레스 측정도구의 개발 및 표준화

장세진,고상백,강동묵,김성아,강명근,이철갑,정진주,조정진,손미아,채창호,김정원,김정일,김형수,노상철,박재범,우종민,김수영,김정연,하미나,박정선,이경용,김형렬,공정옥,김인아,김정수,박준호,현숙정,손동국 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Background and Purposes: Over the past three decades, numerous studies performed in Korea have reported that job stress is a determinant risk factor for chronic diseases and work disability. Every society has its own culture and occupational climate particular to their organizations, and hence experiences different occupational stress. An occupational stress measurement tool therefore needs to be developed to estimate it objectively. The purpose of this study is to develop and standardize the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS) which is considered to be unique and specific occupational stressors in Korean employees. Subjects and Methods: Data were obtained from the National Study for Development and Standardization of Occupational Stress (NSDSOS Project: 2002-2004). A total of 12,631 employees from a nationwide sample proportional to the Korean Standard Industrial Classification and the Korean Standard Occupational Classification were administered. The KOSS was developed for 2 years (2002-2004). In the first year, we collected 255 items from the most popular job stress measurement tools such as JCQ, ERI, NIOSH and OSI, and 44 items derived from the a qualitative study (depth interview). Forty-three items of KOSS, in the second year, were retained for use in the final version of the KOSS by using Delphi and factor analysis. Items were scored using conventional 1-2-3-4 Likert scores for the response categories. Results: We developed eight subscales by using factor analysis and validation process: physical environment (3 items), job demand (8 items), insufficient job control (5 items), interpersonal conflict (4 items), job insecurity (6 items), organizational system (7 items), lack of reward (6 items), and occupational climate (4 items). Together they explained 50.0% of total variance. Internal consistency alpha scores were ranged from 0.51 to 0.82. Twenty-four items of the short form of the KOSS (KOSS-SF) were also developed to estimate job stress in the work setting. Because the levels of the subscales of occupational stress were gender dependent, gender-specific standard norms for both the 43-item full version and the 24-item short form using a quartile for the subscales of KOSS were presented. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that KOSS might be an appropriate measurement scale to estimate occupational stress of Korean employees. Further and more detailed study needs to be conducted to improve the validity of this scale.

경피적 유전자 전달에 의한 척추 유합술

박예수,Bright, Corinne,조재림,Leong, Kam W.,Kostuik, John P. 대한척추외과학회 2003 대한척추외과학회지 Vol.10 No.3