정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

장기간 수지침 및 뜸요법 처치후 혈중 지질 농도 변화

김효재,정한영,조기정 한국학교체육학회 2001 한국학교 체육학회지 Vol.11 No.2

이 연구는 수지요법이 건강관련 요인에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 서울시에 거주하는 40세에서 45세 사이의 어떠한 질병치료도 받고 있지 않는 건강한 성인중 뜸요법집단 (N=5명), 뜸과 수지침 자극집단 (N=5명)으로 총 10명을 연구의 대상으로 선정하였다. 실험은 3개월간 걸쳐서 매주 3회씩 실시하였으며 채혈은 전완정맥에서 실시하였으며, 채혈시기는 실험전, 실험 1개월, 3개월 후에 채혈하여 분석하였다. 이 연구의 주요 결과는 뜸요법집단과 뜸, 침자극 집단간의 ALT농도는 유의한 차가 없는 것으로 나타났지만 기술통계 측면에서 살펴볼 때 두 집단간의 자극전, 후의 ALT농도는 group I은 12.08 ± 3.39U/ I에서 15.80 ± 4.92U/ I로 증가의 경향을 보인 반면, group Ⅱ는 뜸침자극 전 (24.20 ± 9.99U/ I)에 비해, 처치 후 (20.4 ± 8.91U/ I)로 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고, 3개월간의 자극처치 후 AST, HDL, LDL, TC, Total Cholesterol의 농도에서는 감소하는 경향으로 나타났다. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the realationship of palm acupuncture and heating stress on blood lipid profiles in healthy mid-aged adults. Ten subjects were participated in the study, and compared two regimens of palm heating stress group (N=5) and concurrent trial of palm acupuncture and heating stress group (N=5). The trials were lasted for three months and drown blood before and after one and three months. The majoring finding was that no difference in ALT was found between the groups, but the trendly of increased in both groups after three month application of palm acupuncture and heating stress. The trend of decrease in AST, HDL, LDL, TC, TC after three months application of palm acupuncture and heating stress.

냉찜질 및 온찜질이 위절제술 환자의 복부통증완화에 미치는 영향

김민정,도복늠,성기월 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1996 慶北醫大誌 Vol.37 No.1

목적 : 수술환자의 통증조절은 환자의 안위간호에 핵심이다. 위절제술환자에게 계획된 사전정보제공, 냉찜질, 온찜질 등의 종합적인 접근방법을 모두 적용함으로써 단일 방법의 간호중재보다 효과적인 통증조절이 가능한지를 파악하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 대구시내 일 대학병원에 입원하여 1994년 12월 10일부터 4월 40일까지 위절제술을 받은 환자 40명을 대상으로 계획된 사전정보제공, 냉·온찜질을 제공받은 실험군과 단편적인 수술정보제공만 받은 대조군 20명으로 나누어 통증점수, 불편감점수, 활력증후 등의 차이를 비교하였다. 결과 : 계획된 정보제공, 냉·온찜질을 모두 제공받은 실험군은 대조군보다 통증점수, 불패감점수가 모두 유의하게 낮았으나 활력증후의 차이는 없었고 사전정보제공과 냉찜질 1회 시행직후는 시행전보다 통증점수, 불쾌감점수가 유의하게 낮아졌다. 결론 : 수술에 대한 단편적인 정보제공을 위주로 하고 있는 간호중재는 환자의 통증관리에 효과적이지 못하며 보다 종합적인 계획적 간호중재가 통증관리를 효율적으로 할 수 있음이 입증되었고 특히 계획된 수술정보제공과 수술후 6시간후부터 할 수 있는 최초의 냉찜질이 통증관리에 매우 효과적이라고 생각된다. The purpose of this study was to observe the pain relief effect of planned information, cold and hot application on the postoperative pain after gastrectomy. Fourty patients at Kyungpook National University Hospital who underwent gastrectomy and permitted this study were chosen and observed from February 10 to April 14, 1994. Twenty patients in the experimental group received the planned information on the previous day of surgery and cold and hot application, cold bags were applicated for twenty minutes on the operational site from 6 hours after gastrectomy to postperative 24 hours at every 6 hours by 4 times, and hot bags were applicated for 20 minutes on operational site from 30 hours after gastrectomy to postoperative 48 hours at every 6 hours by 4 times. The other twenty patients in the control group didn't sake the planned information, cold and hot application. Pain of experimental and control group was checked with graphic rating scale(GRS), blood pressure, body temperature, pulse, and amples of analgesics. (Nubain) The results of this study were summerized as follows. · The experimental group revealed significantly lower pain score and unpleasantness score in GRS than those of control group. · No significant difference were found between the experimental and control group in vital sign. · No significant difference were found between the experimental and control group in amples of Nubains. · The experimental group who received the planned information and 1st cold application reveald signifi cantly lower pain score and unpleasant score than those at the pretest.

담배팽화율에 대한 잎담배의 이화학적 특성과 공정조건의 역할

김기환,한정성,김병구 충북대학교 엽연초연구소 1988 煙草硏究 Vol.13 No.-

The purpose of this research was to examine the factors, that is, chemical constituents, casing blending ratio, determination methods of filling value, grade, moisture, expansion time and tobacco variety, influencing the expansion rate of shredded tobacco. The important results obtained were as follows ; 1.Multiple regression formula about the relation of the chemical constituents to the expansion rate of shredded tobacco was statistically calculated with many experimental data attained on typical varieties. The preliminary relationship for estimating expansion rate(ER) was as follows : ER=94.2827-3.3572 (% sug) + 10.0940(% fib)-1.4316(% ash) - 1.4316(% ash)-17.2319 (fineness index) The relationship accounted for estimating approximately 95% of the observed variance of expansion rate. 2.The influence of casing blend ratio and determination methods of filling value upon expansion rate did not appear to be significant contributors in the evaluation. 3.ER was decreased toward the center position in a stalk. 4.The condition of the highest ER was 14-15% moisture contents of shred del tobacco and 90 minute of expansion time. 5.The influence of two varieties of NC82 and BY-4 on ER did not appear to be significant contributors in the evaluations.

Generating User Interfaces of J2ME Using UIML

Ki-Chang Park,Chong-Han Kim,Seung-Moon Jeoung,Byung-Ki Kim 한국멀티미디어학회 2008 한국멀티미디어학회 국제학술대회 Vol.2008 No.-

With the advent of ubiquitous computing period, various computing devices are emerging nowadays. To provide a particular service on various computing environment, we develop user interface for diverse platforms or devices. The UIML (User Interface Markup Language) is an XML-based language that models user interface for multi-platform. The process of converting a UIML document into a target UI is performed by renderer. Currently, many kinds of renderers are developed for various development environments like HTML, Java, WML and VoiceXML. However, the renderer generating J2ME UI widely used under mobile platform has not yet developed. In this paper, we analyze J2ME MIDlet UI elements, design J2ME MIDlet specific vocabulary and implement of renderer for J2ME MIDlet.

ORIGINAL ARTICLE : A Study of Teleconnection between the South Asian and East Asian Monsoons: Comparison of Summer Monsoon Precipitation of Nepal and South Korea

( Ki Seon Choi ),( Rijana Shrestha ),( Baek Jo Kim ),( Riyu Lu ),( Jeoung Yun Kim ),( Ki Jun Park ),( Ji Hoon Jung ),( Jae Cheol Nam ) 한국환경과학회 2014 한국환경과학회지 Vol.23 No.10

This study is carried out in order to bridge the gap to understand the relationships between South Asian and East Asian monsoon systems by comparing the summer (June-September) precipitation of Nepal and South Korea. Summer monsoon precipitation data from Nepal and South Korea during 30 years (1981-2010) are used in this research to investigate the association. NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data are also used to see the nature of large scale phenomena. Statistical applications are used to analyze these data. The analyzed results show that summer monsoon precipitation is higher over Nepal (1513.98 ± 159.29 mm y-1) than that of South Korea (907.80 ± 204.71 mm y-1) and the wettest period in both the countries is July. However, the coefficient of variation shows that amplitude of interannual variation of summer monsoon over South Korea (22.55%) is larger in comparison to that of Nepal (10.52%). Summer monsoon precipitation of Nepal is found to be significantly correlated to that of South Korea with a correlation coefficient of 0.52 (99% confidence level). Large-scale circulations are studied to further investigate the relationship between the two countries. wind and specific humidity at 850 hPa show a strong westerly from Arabian Sea to BOB and from BOB, wind moves towards Nepal in a northwestward direction during the positive rainfall years. In case of East Asia, strong northward displacement of wind can be observed from Pacific to South Korea and strong anticyclone over the northwestern Pacific Ocean. However, during the negative rainfall years, in the South Asian region we can find weak westerly from the Arabian Sea to BOB, wind is blowing in a southerly direction from Nepal and Bangladesh to BOB.

Protective role of clusterin/apolipoprotein J against neointimal hyperplasia via antiproliferative effect on vascular smooth muscle cells and cytoprotective effect on endothelial cells.

Kim, Han-Jong,Yoo, Eun-Kyung,Kim, Joon-Young,Choi, Young-Keun,Lee, Hyo-Jeong,Kim, Jeong-Kook,Jeoung, Nam Ho,Lee, Ki-Up,Park, In-Sun,Min, Bon-Hong,Park, Keun-Gyu,Lee, Chul-Ho,Aronow, Bruce J,Sata, Masa The Association 2009 Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology Vol.29 No.10

<P>OBJECTIVE: Clusterin is induced in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) during atherosclerosis and injury-induced neointimal hyperplasia. However, its functional roles in VSMCs and endothelial cells remain controversial and elusive. This study was undertaken to clarify the role of clusterin in neointimal hyperplasia and elucidate its mechanism of action. METHODS AND RESULTS: Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of clusterin (Ad-Clu) repressed TNF-alpha-stimulated expression of MCP-1, fractalkine, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and MMP-9, leading to inhibition of VSMC migration. Both Ad-Clu and secreted clusterin suppressed VSMC proliferation by inhibiting DNA synthesis, but not by inducing apoptosis. Ad-Clu upregulated p53 and p21(cip1/waf1) but downregulated cyclins D and E, leading to suppression of pRb phosphorylation and subsequent induction of G1 arrest in VSMCs. Clusterin deficiency augmented VSMC proliferation in vitro and accelerated neointimal hyperplasia in vivo, but concomitantly impaired reendothelialization in wire-injured murine femoral arteries. Moreover, Ad-Clu significantly reduced neointimal thickening in balloon-injured rat carotid arteries. Clusterin also diminished TNF-alpha-induced apoptosis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells and restored endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression suppressed by TNF-alpha. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that upregulation of clusterin during vascular injury may be a protective response against, rather than a causative response to, the development of neointimal hyperplasia.</P>

The caspase-8/Bid/cytochrome <i>c</i> axis links signals from death receptors to mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production

Kim, Wan-Sung,Lee, Kwang-Soon,Kim, Ji-Hee,Kim, Chun-Ki,Lee, Gwangsoo,Choe, Jongseon,Won, Moo-Ho,Kim, Tae-Hyoung,Jeoung, Dooil,Lee, Hansoo,Kim, Ji-Yoon,Ae Jeong, Mi,Ha, Kwon-Soo,Kwon, Young-Guen,Kim, Y PERGAMON PRESS 2017 FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE Vol.112 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Ligation of the death receptors for TNF-α, FasL, and TRAIL triggers two common pathways, caspase-dependent intrinsic apoptosis and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. The apoptotic pathway is well characterized; however, a signaling linker between the death receptor and ROS production has not been clearly elucidated. Here, we found that death receptor-induced ROS generation was strongly inhibited by mitochondrial complex I and II inhibitors, but not by inhibitors of NADPH oxidase, lipoxygenase, cyclooxygenase or xanthine oxidase, indicating that ROS are mostly generated by the impairment of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. ROS generation was accompanied by caspase-8 activation, Bid cleavage, and cytochrome <I>c</I> release; it was blocked in FADD- and caspase-8-deficient cells, as well as by caspase-8 knockdown and inhibitor. Moreover, Bid knockdown abrogated TNF-α- or TRAIL-induced ROS generation, whereas overexpression of truncated Bid (tBid) or knockdown of cytochrome <I>c</I> spontaneously elevated ROS production. In addition, p53-overexpressing cells accumulated intracellular ROS via cytochrome <I>c</I> release mediated by the BH3-only protein Noxa induction. In a cell-free reconstitution system, caspase-8-mediated Bid cleavage and recombinant tBid induced mitochondrial cytochrome <I>c</I> release and ROS generation, which were blocked by Bcl-xL and antioxidant enzymes. These data suggest that anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins play an important role in mitochondrial ROS generation by preventing cytochrome <I>c</I> release. These data provide evidence that the FADD/caspase-8/Bid/cytochrome <I>c</I> axis is a crucial linker between death receptors and mitochondria, where they play a role in ROS generation and apoptosis.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Death receptor ligands produce mitochondrial ROS (mROS) in a caspase-8-dependent manner. </LI> <LI> mROS production requires tBid formation and cytochrome <I>c</I> release. </LI> <LI> The caspase-8/Bid/cytochrome <I>c</I> axis plays a key role in death receptor-mediated mROS generation. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Risk factors and outcomes of bloodstream infections with metallo-β-lactamase-producing Acinetobacter

Kim, Yeon-a,Yong choi, Jun,Ki kim, Chang,Oh kim, Chang,Soo kim, Myung,Hoon choi, Suk,Sik chin, Bum,Hoon han, Sang,Sung lee, Han,Kyoung choi, Hee,Jin jeoung, Su,Goo song, Young,Hwa yum, Jong,Yong, Dong Informa UK (TaylorFrancis) 2008 Scandinavian journal of infectious diseases Vol.40 No.3

Activation of NAD(P)H:Quinone Oxidoreductase 1 Prevents Arterial Restenosis by Suppressing Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation

Kim, Sun-Yee,Jeoung, Nam Ho,Oh, Chang Joo,Choi, Young-Keun,Lee, Hyo-Jeong,Kim, Han-Jong,Kim, Joon-Young,Hwang, Jung Hwan,Tadi, Surendar,Yim, Yong-Hyeon,Lee, Ki-Up,Park, Keun-Gyu,Huh, Seung,Min, Ki-Nam Ovid Technologies Wolters Kluwer -American Heart A 2009 Circulation research Vol.104 No.7

<P>Abnormal proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are important pathogenic mechanisms in atherosclerosis and restenosis after vascular injury. In this study, we investigated the effects of beta-lapachone (betaL) (3,4-Dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-2H-naphtho[1,2-b]pyran-5,6-dione), which is a potent antitumor agent that stimulates NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase (NQO)1 activity, on neointimal formation in animals given vascular injury and on the proliferation of VSMCs cultured in vitro. betaL significantly reduced the neointimal formation induced by balloon injury. betaL also dose-dependently inhibited the FCS- or platelet-derived growth factor-induced proliferation of VSMCs by inhibiting G(1)/S phase transition. betaL increased the phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 in rat and human VSMCs. Chemical inhibitors of AMPK or dominant-negative AMPK blocked the betaL-induced suppression of cell proliferation and the G(1) cell cycle arrest, in vitro and in vivo. The activation of AMPK in VSMCs by betaL is mediated by LKB1 in the presence of NQO1. Taken together, these results show that betaL inhibits VSMCs proliferation via the NQO1 and LKB1-dependent activation of AMPK. These observations provide the molecular basis that pharmacological stimulation of NQO1 activity is a new therapy for the treatment of vascular restenosis and/or atherosclerosis which are caused by proliferation of VSMCs.</P>