만성 두부외상 환자에서 99mTc - HMPAO Brain SPECT의 임상적 유용성

서정호(Jung Ho Suh),김동익(Dong Ik Kim),정태섭(Tae Sub Chung),이종두(Jong Doo Lee),박창윤(Chang Yoon Park),정진일(Jin Ill Chung),김영수(Young Soo Kim) 대한핵의학회 1992 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.26 No.1

N/A Minima1 deterioration of cerebral perfusion or microanatomical changes were undetectable on conventional Brain CT or MRI. So evaluation of focal functional changes of the brain parenchyme is essential in chronic head injury patients, who did not show focal anatomical changes on these radiological studies. However, the patients who had longstanding neurologic sequelae following head injury, there had been no available imaging modalities for evaluating these patients precisely. Therefore we tried to detect the focal functional changes on the brain parenchyme using Tc-99m-HMPAO Brain SPECT on the patients of chronic head injuries. Twenty three patients who had suffered from headache, memory dysfunction, personality change and insomnia lasting more than six months following head injury were included in our cases, which showed no anatomical abnormalities on Brain CT or MRI. At first they underwent psychological test whether the symptoms were organic or not. Also we were able to evaluate the cerebral perfusion changes with Tc-99m-HMPAO Brain SPECT in 22 patients among the 23, which five patients were focal and 17 patients were nonfocally diffuse perfusion changes. Thus we can predict the perfusion changes such as local vascular deterioration or functional defects using Tc-99m-HMPAO Brain SPECT in the patients who had suffered from post-traumatic sequelae, which changes were undetectable on Brain CT or MRI.

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

Methods for Determining the Monodispersity in a Cobalt Ferrofluid

YOON*, Sunghyun,KIM, Byung Ho,YOON, Chang Sun,CHA, Deokjoon Korean Physical Society 2011 새물리 Vol.61 No.12

사염화탄소 투여 흰쥐에서 간섬유화 진행에 따른 Propranolol 의 약동학적 지표들의 변화

이민호,강주섭,강문수,윤병철,이오영,함준수,변재원,윤창옥 대한간학회 2001 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.7 No.2

Background/Aims : This study was designed to determine the effect of hepatic fibrotic severity on pharmacokinetics of propranolol in CC1q - treated rats. Methods - 1 mL/kg of 10% CC14 in olive oil was injected intramuscularly to rats twice weekly for 4, 6, 8 and 10 weeks, respectively (n=6). Control (n=6) was a sham - injected equal dose of olive oil for 10 weeks. After intravenous bolus injection of 2 mg/kg propranolol to rats, the serum propranolol concentrations were analyzed for 4 hours at various time points by a HPLC - fluorimetric system, and pharmacokinetic parameters such as Co, MRT, AUC, Vdss, tl/2(p) and CLp were determined. Then, a small amount of hepatic tissue was obtained and subjected to determination of the hepatic 4 - hydroxyproline content, which confirmed the hepatic fibrotic severity. Results : The serum concentrations of propranolol at 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 hours were significantly increased in CC1q-treated rats (p$lt;0.01). In proportion to the duration of CC4 treatment, Co and AUC were significantly increased, and Vdss and CLp were significantly decreased (p$lt;0.001). But MRT and t1/2(β) were not significantly changed. The hepatic 4 -hydroxyproline content was gradually increased in CC4-treated rats (p$lt;0.001). Conclusion - Gradual changes in pharmacokinetic parameters of propranolol were seen to be dependent on the hepatic fibrotic severity. We suggest that gradual dosage modification, according to their hepatic fibrotic severity, is necessary for many drugs administered to patients with chronic liver disease.(Korean J Hepatol 2001;7:181-188)

국내산 중하(Metapenaeus joyneri) 내 주알레르겐 규명 : 가열 및 소화액에 의한 변화

윤성호,김현아,김현미,최정희,서창희,남동호,김윤근,민경업,박해심 대한알레르기학회 2004 천식 및 알레르기 Vol.24 No.2

Stable temperature dependence of dielectric properties in BaTiO3-Nb2O5-Co3O4 + BaO-V2O5 system

Chang Ho Lee,Jung Rag Yoon 한양대학교 청정에너지연구소 2023 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.24 No.3

High reliability components that can operate reliably in harsh and special environments such as aerospace and military fieldsare required. In this study, the BaTiO3-Nb2O5-Co3O4 composition, which is the basic composition of precious metal electrodemultilayer ceramic capacitors with high reliability, was added with the binary BaO-V2O5 composition to confirm the electricalproperties and microstructure changes. First, a BaTiO3-Nb2O5-Co3O4 composition having a core-shell structure was prepared,and then a Ba3V4O13 composition was synthesized with a binary BaO-V2O5 composition. Then, 1, 3, and 5 wt% of Ba3V4O13composition were added to observe changes in electrical properties and microstructure according to firing temperatures. Asa result, the maximum dielectric constant 2502, dielectric loss of 0.74%, insulation resistance of 1.04E12 Ω, and X8Rtemperature characteristics could be satisfied in the firing temperature range of 1150-1210 ℃.

리스와 렌탈의 정비를 위한 법정책의 개선 방안

윤창술 ( Chang Sul Yoon ),송호신 ( Ho Shin Song ) 한국법정책학회 2016 법과 정책연구 Vol.16 No.1

종래 우리 사회는 필요한 물건이 있다면 당연히 당해 물품을 구매하여 사용하는 것이 당연시 하였다. 그러나 1997년 IMF외환위기와 2008년 금융위기라는 두차례의 경제위기 그리고 2010년 이후에 경험하고 있는 경제성장의 둔화는 우리 사회의 소비패턴을 변화시키고 있다. 즉 물건을 직접 구매하는 방식 대신에 리스나 렌탈에 의한 임대차 방식의 이용이 크게 증가하고 있다. 리스나 렌탈에 대한 사회적 수요도 급증하여, 2014년 현재 리스와 렌탈 모두 10조 이상의 소비시장이 형성되고 있다. 이러한 리스와 렌탈의 급속한 증가는 소비자의 피해를 수반하게 된다. 문제는 현행 리스와 렌탈에 대한 규제법규가 「민법」과 「상법」 및 「여신전문금융업법」 등에 산발적으로 분산되어 있고, 그나마 피해구제를 위한 법규정이 불비되어 있다는 사실이다. 또한 사업자들은 리스와 렌탈의 용어를 달리 사용하며, 서로 다른 별개의 영업으로 광고하고 있다. 소비자들도 리스와 렌탈이 다른 영역의 상품이라고 여기고 있어, 그 적용법규의 이해에 혼란이 있다. 이에 본고에서는 Ⅱ.에서 리스와 렌탈에 대한 현행 법제도를 비교한다. 혼동을 일으키고 있는 리스와 렌탈의 용어와 개념, 그리고 그 법적성질과 「민법」ㆍ「상법」ㆍ「여신전문금융업법」 등에 흩어져 있는 근거법규에 대한 내용과 함께 리스와 렌탈의 현황 및 소비자 피해 발생의 상황에 대하여 살피도록 한다. Ⅲ.에서는 리스와 렌탈에 대한 현행법규의 규정들이 분산되어 있거나 미비 혹은 불비되어 있는 문제들 그리고 용어 구별의 혼란과 그로 인하여 야기되는 법적용상의 규제격차의 발생 및 소비자 피해에 대한 구제의 한계와 어려움에 대하여 기술한다, Ⅳ.에서는 이러한 문제들을 해결하기 위해서는 리스와 렌탈에 대한 정비를 위한 법정책의 개선이 이루어져야 함을 다룬다. 즉 소비자보호를 강화하고 있는 외국의 입법 사례를 비교하고 그를 통한 바람직한 입법방향을 모색하도록 한다. 또한 이를 통해 유사하지만 마치 다른 것으로 오해되어 별개의 법적용을 받고 있는 리스와 렌탈에 대한 현행 법률체계를 통합하고 개선함으로써 법적용의 규제격차를 해소하는 내용을 담는다. 리스와 렌탈의 거래 실정을 감안할 때에, 현행 「상법」규정 내에 리스와 렌탈을 흡수하여 포괄적으로 규정하는 방안이 가능할 것이다. 그러나 상법의 특성에 비추어 볼 때에 특정 당사자를 위해 보호 규정을 두는 것이 입법의 체계에 맞지 아니할 수 있으며, 운용리스나 렌탈에 관한 새로운 규정의 제정은 기존 민법과의 충돌을 야기할 수 있다는 우려가 있다. 이러한 문제점을 종합해 볼 때 리스와 렌탈 모두를 포괄하는 가칭 「동산임대차에 관한 법률」을 새로이 제정하는 방안이 가장 바람직하다고 본다. The cosumer of our society is conventionally used to through purchase of the products, if the goods was necessary. However, the 1997 IMF and the 2008 financial crisis and since 2010, in due to slower economic growth in the years, the consumption patterns of our society has been changing. That way by lease or rental in place to buy things directly, and significantly increased. Social demand for the lease or rental is also surged. That way utilization of the lease by lease or rental scheme in place to buy things directly and significantly increased. In the 2014, the lease and the rental, each has been formed consumer market over 10 trillion won. These rapid increase of the lease and the rental were accompanied by damage to the consumer. The problem is that, laws for the lease and the rental was distributed and scattered. They are the Civil Law and the Commercial Law and Specialized Credit Financial Business Act, etc. In addition, regulations on the law for consumer’s damage are deficiency. Business operators should use a different word in the leasing and rental. They are advertised as a separate business. Also, consumers understand that leasing and rentals was regarded it as goods of other sort. There is confusion in the understanding of applicable law. In this paper, chapterⅡ, compare the current legal system on the lease and rental. Look for terms and concepts, legal status and the nature and basis laws(the Civil Code and the Commercial Code and the Specialized Credit Financial Business Act) and harm of consumers. The chapter Ⅲ, to describes on that the provisions of the current regulations and it``s problems, the confusion of terminology and differences of applying laws, the limitations and difficulties of relief for consumer harm, The chaper Ⅳ, to deal with that it made improvements to the maintenance of law policy for leasing and rental. It is a the most desirable that plan to establish a new law, “the law on the lease and rental of movable assets”.

출산에 따른 그레이브스병의 재발 및 관련이자

임창훈,최현아,한승석,김해성,이창욱,정호연,한기옥,장학철,박원근,윤현구,한인권 대한내분비학회 2002 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.17 No.2

Background: Pregnancy affects the course of Graves' Disease (GD), and patients who initially maintain euthyroid function into their middle trimester with minimum doses of antithyroid drugs become exacerbated after delivery. Even patients who are completely cured, requiring no treatment during pregnancy, can relapse after delivery. In this study, we examined the postpartum changes in the thyroid functions of patients with GD, and attempted to determine the factors contributing to these changes. Methods: The study subjects were recruited from pregnant women visiting our outpatient clinic for routine prenatal evaluations. 45 women previously diagnosed with GD, who had been treated and cured with hyperthyroidism, and were no longer taking any thyroid medications, were evaluated for 1 year post delivery. Results: Among 45 patients, 20 (44.4%) developed thyroid disorders following delivery. Postpartum thyroiditis (PPT) developed in 8 patients (17.8%), and GD developed in 12 (26.0%). The onset of the PPT disease 3.1 ± 1.4 months following delivery, which was significantly earlier than the 6.7 ± 2.7 months required for the post delivery onset of GD (p=0.003). The TBII values, measured during the thyrotoxic state in each womaen, were negative in women with PPT and positive in 71.4% of women with GD (p=0.030). The duration of treatment for hyperthyroidism prior or pregnancy, the number of recurrences, and the time interval without treatment, were not associated with the development of postpartum thyroid disorders. Whereas, the mean number of past pregnancies for women who developed PPT was 3.9 ± 2.1, and was significantly higher than the 2.2 ± 1.7 for women developing no thyroid dysfunctions (p=0.044). In 13 women their initial onset of GD occurred within one year postpartum, 7 (53.8%) having had a recurrence, which was significantly higher than in women whose disease onset occurred unrelated to delivery (5 of 32 women: 15.6%). Conclusion: Women with GD developed postpartum thyroid dysfunctions in 44.4% of cases. Women whose initial disease onset occurred within one year postpartum had higher recurrences of GD, and women who developed PPT had a history of higher gravidity compared to the euthyroid women postpartum. Therefore, if women with GD develop postpartum thyroid dysfunctions, the diagnosis should be made, and a treatment modality planned, following careful considerations of the patients' past obstetric history, changes in clinical manifestations and the TBII values

소의 대동맥 내피세포에서 산화저밀도 지단백에 의한 아포프토시스에 백일해 독소 및 콜레라 독소가 미치는 영향

손호영(Ho Young Son),강성구(Sung Ku Kang),강무일(Moo Il Kang),차봉연(Bong Youn Cha),이광우(Kwang Woo Lee),장상아(Sang Ah Chang),최윤희(Yoon Hee Choi),문성대(Sung Dae Moon),안유배(Yoo Bae Ahn),손현식(Hyun Sik Son),윤건호(Kun Ho Yoon) 대한내과학회 1999 대한내과학회지 Vol.56 No.5

N/A Objectives : Oxidized LDL is thought to play a key role in atherogenesis. Among their wide variety of biological properties, oxidized LDL injures the endothelium as an early event of atherogenesis. However, the mechanisms by which oxidized LDL injures endothelial cells are not definitely known. In order to evaluate the involvement of GTP-binding protein on the mechanism of apoptosis, we studied the effects of pertussis and cholera toxin on oxidized LDL-induced apoptosis in bovine aortic endothelial cells(BAECs). Methods : Oxidized LDL elicited apoptosis in cultured BAECs as shown by characteristic morphological and biochemical changes. Chromatin condensation and nucleus fragmentation were visualized by using fluorescence microscopy of intact cells staining by acridine orange/ ethidium bromide. DNA fragmentation was quantified by an ELISA with specific antibody for bromodeoxyuridine- labelled DNA fragments and confirmed with DNA ladder formation. Results : Studies using a combination of bacterial toxins which change the function of GTP-binding protein suggest that oxidized LDL-induced apoptosis was regulated by GTP-binding protein. Oxidized LDL-induced apoptosis was not changed by pretreatment of BAECs with pertussis toxin. In contrast, pretreatment with cholera toxin completely prevented the oxidized LDL- induced apoptosis. Conclusion : These results show that oxidized LDL induces apoptosis of BAECs and suggest that cholera toxin-sensitive G-proteins are involved in signal transduction of oxidized LDL-induced apoptosis of BAEC.

山火跡地의 植物群集 構造 및 植生 變化分析

李敏渟,尹相旭,金昌浩 동국대학교 농림과학연구소 1988 農林科學 論文集 Vol.12 No.-

This study is carried out to clarify the changes in the forest vegetational structure as time goes by after the fire. The results obtained are as follows; 1. The Soil pH decreased, the soil organic matter and water content increased, and the soil structure was hardly changed as time goes by after the fire. 2. By analyzing the soil profile, the soil deepness was shallow in general, and the formation of the organic matter was gradually increased. nced. 3. In relative density, relative cover, relative frequency, Quercus spp., Alnus hirsuta, Lespedeza spp. showed the high value, but that of Lespedeza was decresed as time goes by, and for herbaceous plants Cymbopogon tortilis, Festuca ovina was very high value over all the plot. 4. Importance value of Quercus spp. and Alnus hirsuta was gradually increased, and that of herbaceous plants - Cymbopogon tortilis, Festuca ovina, and Pteridium aquilinum - also was gradually increased, but was decreased in the fifth year. 5. The species diversity showed the low value shortly after the fire, but was increased after the second year, and the eveness index was decreased as time goes by.