Antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of Korean ginseng extract GS-KG9 in a D-galactosamine-induced liver damage animal model

Yun Ho Jo,Hwan Lee,Myeong Hwan Oh,Gyeong Hee Lee,You Jin Lee,Ji Sun Lee,Min Jung Kim,Won Yong Kim,Jin Seong Kim,Dae Seok Yoo,Sang Won Cho,Seon Woo Cha,Mi Kyung Pyo 한국영양학회 2020 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.14 No.4

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to investigate the improvement effect of white ginseng extract (GS-KG9) on D-galactosamine (Ga1N)-induced oxidative stress and liver injury. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Sixty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 6 groups. Rats were orally administrated with GS-KG9 (300, 500, or 700 mg/kg) or silymarin (25 mg/kg) for 2 weeks. The rats of the GS-KG9- and silymarin-treated groups and a control group were then intraperitoneally injected Ga1N at a concentration of 650 mg/kg for 4 days. To investigate the protective effect of GS-KG9 against GalN-induced liver injury, blood liver function indicators, anti-oxidative stress indicators, and histopathological features were analyzed. RESULTS: Serum biochemical analysis indicated that GS-KG9 ameliorated the elevation of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in GalN-treated rats. The hepatoprotective effects of GS-KG9 involved enhancing components of the hepatic antioxidant defense system, including glutathione, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT). In addition, GS-KG9 treatment inhibited reactive oxygen species (ROS) production induced by GalN treatment in hepatocytes and significantly increased the expression levels of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) proteins, which are antioxidant proteins. In particular, by histological analyses bases on hematoxylin and eosin, Masson"s trichrome, α-smooth muscle actin, and transforming growth factor-β1 staining, we determined that the administration of 500 mg/kg GS-KG9 inhibited hepatic inflammation and fibrosis due to the excessive accumulation of collagen. CONCLUSIONS: These findings demonstrate that GS-KG9 improves GalN-induced liver inflammation, necrosis, and fibrosis by attenuating oxidative stress. Therefore, GS-KG9 may be considered a useful candidate in the development of a natural preventive agent against liver injury.

개에 있어서 심장사상충증을 동반한 창상성 횡격막 허니아의 수술적 치료 1례

조승혁,임영환,손정민,노경완,박창식,전무형,김명철,송근호,정성목 충남대학교 형질전환복제돼지연구센터 2007 논문집 Vol. No.10

A 7-month old. castrated male Shih-tzu dog was referred to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of Chungnam National University with history of depression. dyspnea. mild scale. tachypnea. exercise intolerance and severe leanness. On physical examination. cardiac arrhythmias was heard and heart worm ELISA test was positive. Microfilaria was found on the direct blood smear. Survey radiographs showed loss of diaphragmatic line and cardiac silhouette. displacement of lung fields and presence of gas filled intestines in the thoracic cavity. Rib fracture and pelvic fracture with callus formation were found incidentally. On the basis of physical examination and radiographic findings. it was diagnosed as traumatic diaphragmatic hernia and heart worm disease. Herniorrhaphy was performed. Postoperatively. it was treated for heart worm disease and scale. There is no evidence of recurrence of diaphragmatic hernia and heart worm disease over 1 year.

저장용액의 온도에 따른 치주인대세포의 생존율

조재현,김성오,최형준,이제호,손흥규,최병재 대한소아치과학회 2007 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.34 No.1

외상성 손상 후 치아 탈구 시 치아를 저장하는 저장용액의 종류와 온도가 치주인대세포의 생존율에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 연구하기 위하여 치주인대세포를 10% fetus bovine serum(FBD) 함유 α-minimal essential medium(α-MEM)에서 37℃ 5% CO_(2) 공기 혼합 배양기에서 배양하고 4.25, 37℃의 Hank's balanced sa1t solution(HBSS)과 α-MEM, 우유(S회사, P회사), tap water에 저장하고 60분이 지난 후 각 군에 대해 치주인대세포의 생존율을 측정하기 위하여 MTT assay를 시행하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 4℃ 저장용액의 치주인대세포의 생존율은 α-MEM과 P회사우유에서 가장 높았고 HBSS, S회사우유, tap water 순으로 낮았다. 2. 25℃ 저장용액의 치주인대세포의 생존율은 α-MEM에서 가장 높았고 P회사우유, HBSS, S회사우유, tap water 순으로 낮았다. 3. 37℃ 저장용액의 치주인대세포의 생존율은 α-MEM과 P회사우유, HDSS, S회사우유에서 높았고 tap water에서 가장 낮았다. 4. α-MEM의 치주인대세포의 생존율은 4℃에서 가장 높았고 25℃와 37℃ 순으로 낮았으며 HBSS에서는 4℃에서 높았고 25℃와 37℃에서 낮았다. 5. S회사와 P회사우유에서 치주인대세포의 생존율은 4℃와 25℃에서 높았고 37℃에서 낮았다. 이상의 결과를 종합해볼 때 외상으로 인해 치아가 탈구되었을 때 탈구된 치아의 저장용액으로 HBSS 용액이 추천되고 있으나 이 연구에서 4℃와 25℃ 우유에서 치주인대세포의 생존율이 높았으므로 사고 현장에서 쉽게 구할 수 있고 치주인대세포의 생활력 보존에도 유리한 낮은 온도의 우유에 탈구된 치아를 보존하는 방법도 좋을 것으로 생각된다. To compare the survival rate of periodontal ligament cells preserved in storage media with good availability at the time of an avulsion injury, periodontal ligament cells were incubated in α-MEM culture medium containing 10% FBS in condition of 37℃, 5% CO_(2). These cells were then cultured in HBSS, α-MEM, milk(S. co., P. co.) and tap water at the temperature of 4, 25, 37℃ each in 60 min. The groups were measured by MTT assay. The results were as follows : 1. Among the storage media at 4℃, α-MEM and P-milk had the highest preserving ability of periodontal ligament cells, while that of HBSS, S-milk and tap was low in order. 2. Among the storage media at 25℃, α-MEM had the highest preserving ability of periodontal ligament cells, while that of P-milk, HBSS, S-milk, tap water was low in order. 3. Among the storage media at 37℃, the preserving ability of periodontal ligament cells was very high in α-MEM, P-milk, HBSS and S-milk. it' s lowest in tap water. 4. The preserving ability of periodontal ligament cells in α-MEM was high at 4℃ and it’s low in order of 25℃, 37℃, but in HBSS was high at 4℃ and it's low at 25℃, 37℃. 5. The preserving ability of periodontal ligament cells in S-milk and P-milk was high at 4℃, 25℃ and it’s low at 37℃. In conclusion, HBSS is the storage medium of choice in an avulsion, but in this study it is preferable to choose milk at 4℃ for tooth since it is easy to get and affect cell viability.

솔-젤공정에 의해 기공보정된 한외알루미나 여과막의 기체투과 특성평가

조원준,정은정,이진휘,서성조,서동호 서울産業大學校 1997 논문집 Vol.45 No.1

서로 다른 입자크기의 3층구조를 갖는 튜브형태의 한외알루미나 분리막은, 일반적으로 제조공정중 분리층에 결손부분이 발생하기 때문에 낮은 선택도 및 제거율을 보인다. 이와같은 결손부분을 보정 하고 보정전, 후의 분리막에 대한 기체장치에 의한 투과도(permeability) 및 선택도(selectivity)를 측정하였다. Colloidal silica 솔의 deposition에 기인하여 기체 투과율의 감소가 60%였다. 한외알루미나 여과막의 보정에 있어서 습도조절에 의한 선택적 적심법은 비록 deposition에 의한 문제점을 내포하고 있으나, 기체분리에서도 효과적인 방법이다. The 3-layer tubular type alumina membrane consisting of different pore size shows the decreased selectivity and rejection because of cracks in the separation layer generally occurred during the manufacturing process. For the comparing of native and modified membranes, the modified membranes were tested by permeability by gas equipments, selectivity for the gases after caulking. The permeabilities are decreased 60% for the gas caused by deposition of colloidal silica sol after caulking. In conclusion, the Alternative Wetting Method by humidity control had the effect for the modification of ultrafiltration alumina membrane for separation of gases, though having problem of deposition.

마이크로파 용융삽입법을 이용한 생분해성 나노복합체의 제조

하원조,신준식,송승욱,김준호,손세모,박성수 한국환경과학회 2004 한국환경과학회지 Vol.13 No.4

The purpose of this study was to investigate the possibility of application of microwave energy for the fabrication of polymer/clay nanocomposite. APES/Clay nanocomposites were prepared at 130℃ for 30min with various content of clay by melt-intercalation method under classical and microwave heating source. APES/Clay samples were characterized by the means of X-ray diffractometry(XRD), thermal gravimetric analysis(TGA), and rheometric dynamic analysis(RDA). It was found that intercalated or exfoliated state was obtained in the samples according to the condition of organic modification, clay content, and heating source.

청소년의 컴퓨터게임 이용실태, 부모양육방식, 개인의 정신병리

전성일,류정환,김영미,정홍경,조아라,이정호,최영민,이기철 대한소아청소년정신의학회 2000 소아청소년정신의학 Vol.11 No.1

연구목적 : 오늘날 컴퓨터게임은 청소년기의 보편적 놀이도구가 된 상황임에도 불구하고 이들이 게임에 몰두하는 이유와 개인특성에 관한 정신과적 연구는 드문 실정이다. 이러한 필요성에서 본 연구는 중학교 2년 생을 대상으로 청소년의 컴퓨터게임 사용실태를 파악하고, 연관된 개인정신병리와 부모의 양육방식과의 관계를 밝히고자 하였다. 방법 : 이 연구는 서울시 노원구에 위치한 중학 2년생 124명을 대상으로 하였다. 정신병리의 측정을 위하여 한국판 간이정신진단검사(SCL-90-R)을 사용하였고, 부모자녀 결합형태 조사(PBI)를 통하여 부모양육태도를 알아보았다. 결과 : 1) 비록 과도한 시간을 들여 컴퓨터게임을 하더라도, 컴퓨터게임과 연관된 특정 정신병리는 발견할 수 없었으며 따라서 콤퓨터게임은 청소년기에 있을 수 있는 일상적인 놀이문화이다. 또 한대 부분의 청소년은 컴퓨터게임이 문제가 되지 않는다고 인신하고 있었다. 2) 남학생은 게임빈도, 게임시간, 게임방에서 보내는 시간, 게임을 한 번 할 때 지속하는 시간 등에서 여학생에 비해 통계적으로 의미 있게 높은 수치를 보였다. 3) 청소년의 신체증상호소, 타인간의 관계에서 나타나는 불편감, 우울증, 불안증의 정신병리는 컴퓨터 오락으로 인한 부작용과 의미 있는 관계를 보였다. 4) 게임빈도와 FBI상의 어머니 과보호척도는 정적인 상관관계를 보였다. 5) 게임을 하는 이유로는 공부, 학교 생활 등의 복잡한 것을 잊고 몰두하기 위해가 가장 많았고, 가장 심리적으로 부담이 되어 피하고 싶은 것으로는 학업문제였다. 6) 청소년은 게임방을 주로 친구들과 어울리는 공간으로 사용하고 있었지만 그 기능을 다하기에는 아직 보완해야 할 점이 많다. 결론 : 게임으로 인한 부모, 교사와의 다툼, 잦은 지각/결석, 친구들과 어울리지 못하는 등의 문제가 많은 경우에는 청소년 자체의 정신별리를 의심해 보아야 하며, 게임의 빈도가 의미 있게 높은 청소년의 경우에는 둥반되는 정서상의 문제와 함께 부모양육태도도 함께 세심하게 살피는 것이 필요하다. Objects : This study was designed or studying of current Korean adolescents computer game playing habits and exploring associations with parental rearing patterns and individual psychopathology. Methods : One hundred twenty our adolescents(age 13-15) who reside in urban area completed self-report questionnaires containing Questionnaires designed by authors, Symptom Checklist-90-Revision of Korean Version(SCL-90-R) and Parental Bonding Instrument(PBI). Results : 1)Computer game playing appears to be one of the social and leisure phenomena in these days. Although Adolescents spend a lot of times on computer game, Many of them perceive not problematic. 2)Compared with females, Male play computer games more regularly, more longer, spent more times in gamebang. 3)There was positive relationship between anxiety subscale in SCL-90-R and detrimental effects of computer game. 4)There was positive relationship between game frequency and maternal overprotection. 5)The main reasons for playing are "for an avoidance of stressful life events" , academic burden was the most troublesome issues in korean adolescents. 6)Many adolescents use gamebang as a social place, but they thought that gamebang is not good places to have a good time. Conclusion : This papers shows that computer game playing is a popular social leisure activity in Korean adolescents. And, Most of korean adolescents reported that they are suffered from pressure of academic achievements. They use computer game mainly by means of relieving academic pressures. In a heavy game users who have many conflicts with parents, teacher and who has frequent truancy and social withdrawal show significant anxiety. Maternal overprotection was observed in heavy game users. Authors recommended that clinicians should be careful in examining heavy computer game behaviors. Both underlying affective states and environmental influences, including family situations should be vicariously examined. KEY WORDS : Computer game · Gamebang · Game habits · Psychopathology · Parental rearing pattern.

節次的 正義實現을 통한 國會信賴의 確保方案

安成浩,政光朝 大田大學校 1990 論文集 Vol.9 No.2

감마선과 Methyl Bromide 처리가 사과의 생리화학적 품질에 미치는 영향

강호진,정헌식,조덕조,변명우,최성진,최종욱,권중호 한국식품저장유통학회 ( 구 한국농산물저장유통학회 ) 2003 한국식품저장유통학회지 Vol.10 No.3

감마선(0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3 kGy) 조사와 methyl bromide(MeBr, 26 g/㎏, 4hr) 훈증 및 이들의 처리시기가 사과의 생리화학적 품질특성에 영향을 비교하여, 검역처리를 위한 ◁그림 삽입▷ (원문을 참조하세요) 감마선 조사의 응용성을 검토하였다. 감마선과 MeBr 처리에 따른 사과의 생리화학적 품질평가에서 2kGy 이상의 감마선 조사와 MeBr 훈증은 사과의 일부 생리화학적 품질특성의 변화를 촉진시키는 것으로 나타났다. 감마선과 MeBr의 처리시기별로는 수확 직후보다는 저온(0℃)에서 40일 정도 보관 후 처리한 대체적으로 품질손상이 적은 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 1kGy 이하의 감마선 조사와 지연조사는 사과 과실의 품질을 비교적 양호한 상태로 유지할 수 있어 검역처리 기술로 활용성이 있는 것으로 생각된다. 'Fuji' apples were treated by gamma irradiation (0∼3 kGy) or methyl bromide fumigation at commercial conditions (MeBr, 25 g/㎏, 4 hr) for quarantine purpose at two different treatment timing after harvest and stored under air a 0℃ for 4 months. Associated with the treatment timing of irradiation or fumigation, after 40 days of storage at 0℃ following harvest was more adequate than immediately after harvest in keeping qualities of stored apples. However, more than 2 kGy irradiation and MeBr fumigation were detrimental to physiological and chemical qualities of the fruits. These results show that less than 1 kGy irradiation at the delayed timing has a possibility to be applied as a quarantine procedure without significant changes in the quality of apples.

좌심방 석회화와 관련된 반복된 좌심방 혈전 1예

김성훈,우성용,오유경,정우백,임철현,신재원,박철수,윤호중,정욱성,홍순조 대한순환기학회 2004 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.34 No.3

족관절 거골 골내결절종 : 2례 보고 2 cases report

선호영,조성일,이정웅,진병록,정산돈 최신의학사 1993 最新醫學 Vol.36 No.6