어린이집 교사의 사학연금 적용에 대한 고찰: 유보통합 시행 이후를 중심으로

손정민 한국영유아보육학회 2025 한국영유아보육학 Vol.- No.154

This study examines the challenges associated with applying the Teachers’ Pension (TP) to educators working in childcare centers and kindergartens following the implementation of the early childhood education and care (ECEC) integration policy. It also aims to provide a preliminary diagnosis of key policy issues. The main findings are as follows: First, in promoting Korea’s ECEC integration policy, the government introduced a unified administrative system by revising relevant laws and transferring jurisdiction from the Ministry of Health and Welfare to the Ministry of Education. However, despite this administrative unification, the legal statuses of childcare center teachers and kindergarten teachers remain distinct. In this policy context, discussions on applying the TP after the integration should be approached with care and precision. Second, the number of kindergartens and childcare facilities is decreasing, while the number of teachers is increasing, indicating a high potential for large-scale unemployment in the sector. The average length of service among private kindergarten staff is around five years, and the average standard monthly income is approximately 2.54 million KRW (for retirees). This figure, along with the 2.09 million KRW average for private kindergarten and childcare center teachers, is close to the minimum wage (2.01 million KRW in 2023). Third, while applying the TP to childcare centers could reduce the financial burden on institutions (private employers), it may be disadvantageous for employees with short-term service, and advantageous for those with long-term service. This study contributes as an initial inquiry into the implications of TP application, particularly focusing on aspects that may be difficult for the teachers themselves to identify, and provides empirical insight for future policy considerations.

온라인 유통 채널에서 컨텐츠의 성과는 사회적 거리에 의해 항상 증가하는가? YouTube의 문화별컨텐츠를 중심으로

손정민,강성호 한국유통과학회 2015 유통과학연구 Vol.13 No.8

Purpose - This study examines the positive impact of the social distance between producers and users of online content, investigating and analyzing the most popular Web content. In addition, it tries to elicit the matching effect that appears when the individuals’cultural background is consistent with social distance. Research design, data, and methodology - We collected and analyzed actual data about 4,981 videos clips on YouTube, looking at six countries in order to verify the content of this study. Based on the results of the data analysis, the study conducted behavioral measurements on popularity, social distance, culture, and user engagement. The unit of analysis was the content and we collected information about the content producers and the content records. We controlled the views, comments, likes, calendar dates, and ages in the empirical models. The data was collected in 2011, with the records coming from South Korea, Japan, China, U.S., German, and France. A total of 4,980 elements were analyzed in the model. The empirical model estimated is the bivariate negative binomial distribution (NBD) model. Results - It turns out that there is a possibility that the matching effect can be diminished by variables that reflect the psychological involvement of user engagement. This study proposes academic and practical implications based on these research results. This research shows the positive effect of social distance between users and producers on the increased performance of the online content. We find the effect of social distance to be a stronger tendency in collectivism. The collectivists follow their sense of friendship and intimacy in their culture and, the social congruence effect can be found there as well. The effect, however, could erode in a social case where users are motivated by strong intrinsic and psychological factors. In addition, user engagement complicates the process of user decision making regarding the information. Conclusions - This study examines how the differential effects of social distance caused by culture could disappear through user commitment as a complicated user motivation. Some potential implications are as follows. First, a firm in the collectivism culture has to communicate based on the social distance. In fact, most online channels do not have a function that indicates the social distance as measured by favorites or subscribers. This function could help increase the performance of the content in online channels, but this increasing effect can only be found in a collectivist culture. Based on this, the firms have to communicate and announce to users the actual social distance between users and producers. Second, firms should develop a system that discovers the social distance and culture and shows these measures to users and producers, since the congruence effect between social distance and culture is found only for low user engagement. The firms can take the advantage of the congruence effect only for the development of the social distance and culture visualized system.

우리는 오산대학 ‘무한도전’ 입니다!

손정민 한국자동차공학회 2007 오토저널 Vol.29 No.5

공동가치창출 경험이 소비자 태도에 미치는 영향: 소비자 동기의 조절효과를중심으로

손정민,강우성,강성호 한국유통과학회 2015 유통과학연구 Vol.13 No.12

Purpose – Many global companies across industries are paying significant attention to co-creation activities, which enable consumers to participate in firms’ value creation process, as a main model of new product development processes. In this study, we aim to examine different types of co-creation activities and their effects on consumer attitudes. We focus on upstream co-creation, downstream co-creation, autonomous co-creation, and sponsored co-creation. Upstream co-creation includes firms’ control and management in the initial stage of new product development and prototype testing. Downstream co-creation indicates that consumers participate in firms-initiative activities at a later stage in new product development, such as public relations and marketing communications. Autonomous co-creation includes consumers’ commitment activities in the absence of firms’ rewards. However, under the sponsored co-creation, consumers can return monetary and social rewards from firms through their co-creation activities. The hypotheses regarding the effect of co-creation on consumer attitudes are as follows. (H1, H2, H3, H4) Upstream, downward, autonomous, and sponsored co-creation has positive effects on consumer attitude. (H5, H6) As intrinsic motivation increases, the positive effect of upstream and autonomous co-creation increases. (H7, H8) As extrinsic motivation increases, the positive effect of downward and sponsored co-creation increases. Research design, data, and methodology – To achieve our research goals, we analyzed responses from 246 samples from Korean consumers and verified the proposed hypotheses usinga linear regression model. The samples include Korean consumers who experienced upstream, downstream, autonomous, and sponsored co-creation by firms. Results – First, both upstream co-creation and downstream co-creation with firms and consumers are found to have positive effects on consumer attitudes. Second, autonomous co-creation and sponsored co-creation are found to positively affect consumer attitudes. Third, consumers’ intrinsic motivation has a fit-effect between upstream co-creation and autonomous co-creation, and their extrinsic motivation has a fit-effect between downstream co-creation and sponsored co-creation. Consumers who have strong intrinsic motivation are affected by upstream co-creation and autonomous co-creation. However, consumers who have strong extrinsic motivation are affected by downstream co-creation and sponsored co-creation. Conclusion – These results indicate that the fit between consumers’ co-creation participation types and consumers’motivations is a significant factor in determining consumer attitudes. The results of this study imply that various types of consumer participation actually improve consumers’ attitudes toward products and brands. In addition, our study also suggests that firms should consider the fit between co-creation types and consumers’ motivations when they initiate co-creation activities. In this study, we survey consumers who participated in firms’ co-creation activities. Future studies can compare different types of consumers. For instance, we can examine the different in different test by comparing experienced versus inexperienced consumers. Finally, we expand this research to user-generated content topics. This attending issue focuses on the mechanism that breaks down the boundaries and barriers between consumers and producers.

온라인 컨텐츠 제작자의 동태적 브랜드 가치 분석 모형

손정민,이준섭 중소기업융합학회 2022 융합정보논문지 Vol.12 No.5

This study show the empirical results and the models that explain the content creator’s personal brand value in the user-generated content platform. Producer’s brand value performance could have enhancement and dilution by their activities for the long-term and repetitive change. Therefore, for the measure and analysis, the models have to catch the effect from producer’s the diverse activities. This study would find the guideline by competitive analysis between (1) the impact of in-group user’s self-motivated participation and (2) the impact of the social links from the outside platform. Based on the analysis results, producer’s creation activity as focused on the specific and professional category increase their brand value for the long-term. However, producers would have to upload diverse category, after users are bored to their similar videos’ as before. These empirical results would be a guidelines to the content management strategies for producers and the platform. 이 연구는 이용자 생산 컨텐츠 플랫폼에서 활동하는 컨텐츠 제작자의 개인 브랜드 가치를 설명할 수 있는 모형을 제안하고 실증적 분석 결과를 제시하고자 한다. 제작자의 활동에 따른 성과는 장기간에 걸쳐 반복적으로 변화를 보이기 때문에, 이들 컨텐츠 제작자의 브랜드 가치를 측정하기 위해서는 장기간에 걸쳐 발생하는 다양한 활동으로 인한 효과를 브랜드 가치 측정 모형에 반영할 수 있어야 한다. 또한 이 연구는 생산자의 브랜드 가치에 영향을 주는 요소인 (1) 내부 이용자들의 자발적인 노력과 (2) 외부 플랫폼의 사회적 영향력을 비교함으로써 이용자 생산 컨텐츠 시장의 이용자와 기업 사이의 활동에 대한 지침을 얻고자 한다. 분석 결과에 따르면, 제작자는 전문 분야의 카테고리에 속한 인기 컨텐츠를 장기적이고 일관되게 제작해야하지만, 이용자가 지루함을 느끼기 이전 시점에 다양한 카테고리의 컨텐츠를 때때로 제공해야 브랜드 가치를 향상시킬 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과에 기반하여, 제작자 및 컨텐츠 플랫폼의 카테고리 운영 전략에 대한 시사점을 제공할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

컨텐츠 유통 플랫폼에서 이용자 참여와 생산자 반응의 적합성 효과에 관한 연구

손정민,이준섭 한국유통과학회 2015 유통과학연구 Vol.13 No.8

Purpose - This study’s objective is to analyze the content of the communications between users and producers based on the construal level theory. User generated content refers to content created in an online-based service where users and producers communicate interactively with each other. In a user generated content platform, the messages sent and received between the many players, the users and producers who use the content, may be analyzed at the psychological level based on construal level theory. Research design, data, and methodology - This study gathered user and producer participation through a snow-bowling sampling method. The data analyzed includes 125 video clips and 2,912 comments. The period of the data collection was from September 2014 to December 2014. The collected data was analyzed using a t-test and two-way ANOVA. Results - This study obtained the following research results. First, users who were a short social distance from producers responded to user participatory activities stated in concrete language rather than abstract language. In contrast, users who were at a longer social distance from producers tended to respond to the content requesting user participation through abstract language. Second, if users and producers were at a short social distance from each other, user preference increased more when a producer response to user participation was expressed concretely rather than when it was expressed abstractly. In contrast, if the users were at a longer social distance, users’ preferences increased more when producer response was expressed abstractly rather than when it was expressed concretely. Conclusion - This study found that the effect of suitability, in which the social distance and the content were in congruence at the construal level, could be observed. Therefore, based on this, academic and practical implications were drawn. The three main insights of the study are as follows. First, firms can use psychological factors to analyze the message content of users in their distribution platforms. This study reveals managerial implications for marketing managers who want to take make use of this analysis of user and producer communications. This study indicates that the main factors include the concrete and abstract scores and social distance between users and producers. Second, we also provide the strategic guidelines to maximizing user preferences and other outcomes. The main dependent variable in this study is the user preference shift; the variable increases through the congruence effect; and the construal level is determined by the social distance between the users and producers and the type of producer response. The outcomes here from users can be utilized to develop several systemic strategies. One process to use the outcomes could be: (1) firms could measure the users and producers social distance; (2) calculate the concreteness or abstractness of the messages; and, (3) predict the user preference outcomes by the congruence between user and producer social distance and the abstractness or concreteness of the message content.

Blastwall 구조의 P-I design curve 개발을 위한 구조 응답해석 기법

손정민,김대현,김상진,김병훈,서정관,김봉주,백점기 대한조선학회 2011 대한조선학회 학술대회자료집 Vol.2011 No.6

포스트코로나 시대의 심폐운동검사 프로토콜 제언

손정민,이민철,문효열 중앙대학교 학교체육연구소 2023 Asian Journal of Physical Education and Sport Scie Vol.11 No.2

The purpose of this study was to explain the necessity of applying cardiopulmonary exercise testing(CPET) in the Post-COVID condition and compare several traditional protocols applied in Post-COVID sequelae. According to recent studies, Post-COVID condition show a decrease in CPET, and that is recommended to evaluate symptoms. However, there is no study on which protocol is appropriate to apply when testing when CPET is performed in Post-COVID condition. This systematic review examines the effectiveness of COVID-19, COVID-19 sequelae, Post-COVID condition, and CPET. Pubmed, EMBASE, Google Scholar, KISS, RISS, and JKMS databases were used to search for all studies, and assessments from December 2019 to 2022. As a result, most precedent studies have used modified Bruce and/or Ramp protocols for CPET in Post-COVID condition. High-intensity protocol is inappropriate to apply in Post-COVID condition on account of the large initial workload since it is developed to evaluate athletes’ cardiopulmonary fitness. This study suggests that a new protocol develops more suitable for Post-COVID condition. 본 연구는 포스트코로나 시대의 심폐운동검사 적용의 필요성과 코로나 후유증 대상자에게 적용되는 여러 심폐운동검사 프로토콜의 비교에 대한 연구이다. 최근 연구에 따르면 코로나 후유증을 가진 대상자들은 심폐체력의 저하가 나타나며 증상에 대한 평가를 위해서 심폐운동검사가 권장된다. 그러나 코로나 후유증 대상자에게 심폐운동검사를 시행할 때 어떠한 프로토콜을 적용하는 것이 적합한가에 대한 연구는 이루어지고 있지 않다. PubMED, EMBASE, Google Scholar, KISS, RISS, JKMS를 사용하여 코로나19 발생 시기인 2019년 12월부터 2022년 12월까지의 기간으로 설정하여 COVID-19, COVID-19 sequelae, Post-COVID condition, Cardiopulmonary exercise testing(CPET) 검색어를 사용하여 문헌을 검색하였다. 그 결과, 심폐운동검사를 적용한 여러 선행연구는 기존의 Modified Bruce 프로토콜, Ramp 프로토콜 등의 검사 프로토콜을 적용하였다. 고강도 프로토콜들은 최초부하가 높고 단계별 강도 증가가 높아 코로나 후유증 대상자에게 적용하는 것은 부적합하다. 따라서 본 연구를 통해 기존 프로토콜을 토대로 코로나 후유증 대상자에게 더욱 적합한 새로운 프로토콜의 개발이 필요하다고 사료된다.

이용자생산컨텐츠의 추천 내용과 인기도 사이의 상호작용 효과: 모바일과 PC 플랫폼의 이용자 방문을 중심으로

손정민,강성호 한국마케팅관리학회 2015 마케팅관리연구 Vol.20 No.4

Recently, the use of mobile platform is spreading in the online contents market. The rapid growth of the mobile market indicates that a need for studies on the relationship between the consumer behavior upon using mobile platforms and the contents market performance due to its nature has emerged. Thus, this study is aimed at investigating the impact of user's recommendation upon the choice of contents by other users on the user generated content platform that is a representative online contents market, and explaining how this impact is moderated according to the popularity that is characteristics of the contents, and the channel for using the contents such as mobile deviec and PC. Also, this study contributes to the multidimensional classification and measurement of recommendations by classifying them into the volume, valence and quality of recommendations. In order to achieve these purpose of this study, the data on the relationship between user's recommendation activities and their resulting user's choice have been collected from the actual user generated contents platform over a period of 9 months. The collected data have been analyzed using the empirical model, and the results are as follows. First, the user's choice increases with the higher volume. more popularity and the recommended contents is shown to be stronger as the viewership rate through the mobile platform is higher than that through the PC platform. In other words, on the mobile platform, the positive effect of the visited contents on the user's choice was shown to be stronger as the popularity became higher. This study thus aims to suggest practical implications and explain academic contributions on the basis these empirical findings. 최근 온라인 컨텐츠 시장에서 모바일 플랫폼의 이용이 확산되고 있다. 모바일 시장의 급격한 성장은 모바일 플랫폼을 이용하는 소비자의 행동과 그 특성으로 인한 컨텐츠 시장의 성과의 관계에 대한 연구의 필요성이 대두되고 있음을 알려준다. 이에 본 연구는 온라인의 대표적인 컨텐츠 시장인 이용자생산컨텐츠 플랫폼에서 이용자의 추천이 다른 이용자의 컨텐츠 선택에 미치는 영향을 알아보고, 이러한 효과가 컨텐츠의 특성인 인기도와 모바일 및 PC와 같은 컨텐츠를 이용하는 채널에 따라 어떻게 조절되는지에 대해 설명하고자 한다. 또한 본 연구는 추천의 내용을 추천 빈도, 추천 방향성, 추천 품질 등으로 세분화하여 추천 내용을 다차원적으로 분류하여 측정하는데 기여하고 있다. 본 연구는 이러한 연구 목적을 달성하기 위하여 실제 이용자생산컨텐츠 플랫폼에서 약 9개 월에 걸쳐 이용자의 추천 활동과 이로 인한 이용자 선택과의 관계에 대한 정보를 수집하였다. 수집된 데이터를 실증 모형을 통해 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 추천 빈도가 높고, 추천 방향성이 긍정적이며, 추천 품질이 좋을수록 이용자 선택은 증가한다. 둘째, 모바일 플랫폼을 통한 조회 비율이 PC 플랫폼을 통한 조회 비율보다 높을수록, 인기도와 추천 내용 사이의 조절효과가 강하게 나타난다. 즉, 모바일 플랫폼에서는 인기도가 높을수록 조회 내용이 이용자 선택에 주는 긍정적인 효과가 강하게 나타났다. 본 연구는 이러한 실증적 연구 결과를 바탕으로 학문적 기여점을 설명하고 실무적 시사점과 전략을 제안하였다.

산업체 자동화의 고용 및 임금 효과: 대기업과 중소기업의 비교

손정민 산업연구원 2019 산업연구(JIET) Vol.3 No.1

This study examines the influence of automation of manufacturer and service firms on the labor market in Korea, that is, the incremental employment rate and wage. I also examine the moderating role of firm type. I use the Workplace Panel Survey data from 2005 to 2015 gathered by Korea Labor Institute. This research finds the differential effects of employments and wages between large enterprises and SMEs. Incremental ratio of automation decrease the rate of employments in average on SMEs for a year. The ratio of automation increases the rate of employments on large-sized enterprises. The incremental ratio of executives is increased by the automation ratio on the large-sized enterprises, but the ratio of manager is decreased, and the ratio of non-manager is increased by the automation ratio on SMEs. The incremental ratio of automation increase the wages on SMEs, but the ration of automation decreases it on the large-sized enterprises.