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병원관리자의 리더쉽 유형과 직무공헌도와의 상관관계에 관한 연구
박창식,손용만 고신대학교 보건과학연구소 2000 보건과학연구소보 Vol.10 No.-
As an intentive organization of labor and technical, a hospital aims to provide quality medical service for the patients by focusing on human life and health. It is also a public organization with the purposes of making its own profits and achieving the self-realization of its members. Henceforth, personnel management counts more than any other commercial or public organization. As the progress of the hospital depends on the quality of medical treatment and service by its members, each individual's job performance is vitally important. In other words, the members' job satisfaction is reflected on their job performance, which determines the prospects of the hospital. At present, the main type of managerial leadership in hospitals tends to be somewhat premodern and conservative. It is inappropriate to deal with various crises happening in hospital organizations and insufficient to improve the workers' job satisfaction and job performance for the development of each hospital. The leader's role to help the members do their best in their jobs is required. The cooperative type of leadership, anticipating the future and making autonomous directions, is a must. Se far, the leadership styles related with job satisfaction and job performance have been studied a lot, but very little in hospital situations. In this respect, the present research aims at analyzing the hospital members' job satisfaction and job performance in relation with the leadership patterns of hospital managers, while examining the present situations of the hospital structure and suggesting sorne directions for efficient workforce management. This research is to empirically analyze the effects of leadership styles on job satisfaction and job performance and to provide some basic data for organizational and personnel management in hospitals. For this analysis, five general hospitals with more than 400sickbeds in Pusan were chosen as the subjects. The questionnaire materials were statistically processed by way of the program called SPSS and empirically analyzed by the χ2 -test. The analytic results of this research are as follows: 1.The recognition of leadership styles has nothing to do with sex, age, educational background, post, job type, and career. 2.Job satisfaction has nothing to do with sex and educational background, but jpb satisfaction has something to do with age, post, job type, and career. 3.Job performance has nothing to do with sex, age, job type, and career, but job performance has something to do with educational background and post. 4.The recognition of leadership styles has nothing to do with the recognition of situations. 5.Job satisfaction and job performance has something to do with leadership styles. In consequence, While the most effective style is one of a patriarchal warmhearted type, most hospital managers show either democratic or dictatorial leadership style. The case of medical technologists and assistants, holding the lowest job satisfaction and regarding the leadership style as a dictatorial one, is an evident example. Therefore, the hospital managers are required to adopt a leadership style which is like an affectionate patriarch. These analytical results, I hope, will lead to even more research for the efficient management and progress of hospital organizations.
Pellet飼料의 給與가 병아리의 代謝에너지와 窒素蓄積에 미치는 影響
朴昌植,權純夔,閔泰赫 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 1983 農業技術硏究報告 Vol.10 No.2
This study was carried out to compare the feed utilization between pelleted and all-mash diet of similar composition by growing chickens. Day-old broilers(Hubbard) and egg-type chickens(Hy-line) of commercial strain were employed in this experiment. The results obtained were summarized as follows. 1. The chickens fed pelleted diets were heavier than those of birds fed all-mash diets. The Hubbard broilers and Hy-line chickens fed pelleted diets weighed 2,702g and 812g respectively, at 9 weeks of age. In comparison, the Hubbard broilers and Hy-line chickens fed all-mash diets weighed 2,571g and 777g respectively, at 9 weeks of age. 2. The pellet-fed chickens consumed more feeds than birds fed all-mash diets in both types of strain. Feed efficiencies(gain/feed) of Hubbard and Hy-line chickens were 0.38 and 0.26 in pellet feeding groups, and 0.36 and 0.25 in all-mash feeding groups, respectively. The Hy-line chickens fed pelleted diets drank more water than birds fed all-mash diets. 3. Pellet feeding groups produced more dry matter excreta as compared with all-mash feeding groups, reflecting the pattern of feed consumption by these chickens. Nitrogen retention ratio of the Hubbard and Hy-line chickens were 57-67% and 65-73%, respectively. Chickens fed pelleted diets showed 1-4% higher nitrogen retention than chickens fed all-mash diets. 4. The ME/GE ratio of the Hubbard and the Hy-line at 8 weeks of age were 73.4-74.3% and 82.8-83.8%, respectively. Pellet feeding groups showed 1% higher ME/GE ratio than all-mash feeding groups. 5. The dietary productive energy calculated from respiratory quotient was 94.1-102.6kcal/kg^¾ BW/day in pellet feeding groups. The ratios of PE/GE were 41.3-48.9% in pellet feeding groups and 39.0-45.8% in all-mash feeding groups. 6. It appears that pelleting the all-mash diet increases feed consumption and body weight gain of growing chickens. Feed efficiency and energy utilization were also improved by pelleting process. More research work should be done to establish the relationship clearly between feed pelleting and heat increments.
박창식,천용민,서직,Park, C.S.,Cheon, Y.M.,Xu, Z. The Korean Society of Animal Reproduction 1996 Reproductive & developmental biology Vol.20 No.2
This study was done to find out the methods of long-term use of liquid boar semen in 100 ml plastic bottle for artificial insemination and to investigate differences between Lactose-Egg yolk and Biitschwiler diluents according to storage temperature, and effect of final glycerol concent ration in Lactose-Egg yolk diluent. Liquid boar semen diluted with Lactose-Egg yolk diluent showed significantly higher sperm motility (p<0.05) after 0.5 and 2h incubation at 37$^{\circ}C$,than Butschwiler diluent at all storage length when it was preserved in the 5$^{\circ}C$ refrigerator. The NAR acrosome in Lactose-Egg yolk diluent a after 0.5 and 2h incubation at 37$^{\circ}C$, respectively, during preservation periods was similar to that in Biitschwiler diluent. When liquid boar semen was preserved at 15$^{\circ}C$, liquid boar semen in the Butschwiler diluent showed significantly higher percentages of sperm motility and NAR acrosome from third day to seventh than that in Lactose-Egg yolk diluent. In the effect of final glycerol concentration of liquid boar semen in the Lactose-Egg yolk diluent, the final glycerol concentration of 2% showed higer percentages of sperm motility and NAR acrosome than that of 0, 1, 3, and 5%. Farrowing rate, litter size and average pig weight at birth did not differ significantly between Lactose-Egg yolk and But schwiler diluents. As a result of this study, we found out that liquid boar semen can be stored for 6-7 days at 5$^{\circ}C$ in Lactose-Egg yolk diluent and at 15$^{\circ}C$ in Butschwiler diluent.
종모돈의 정액성상, 동결-융해 후 정자의 생존성, 혈청 중 FSH, LH, Estradiol-17β 및 Testosterone 농도에 미치는 품종과 계절의 영향
박창식,성낙도,김철호,진동일,최양석,이영주 충남대학교 형질전환복제돼지연구센터 2007 논문집 Vol. No.10
본 연구는 종모돈의 정액성상,동결-융해 후 정자의 생존성 그리고 혈청 중 FSH,LH,estradiol-17β 및 testosterone 농도에 미치는 품종과 계절의 영향을 조사하여 우수한 종모돈의 손발을 위한 기초자료를 얻고자 실시하였다. 요크셔 종이 듀록종보다 봄,여름,가을,겨울에서 정액량이 많았으며,정액농도에서는 차이가 없었다. 계절별 정액량은 듀록 및 요크셔종에서 봄철이 여름,가을 및 겨울철에 비하여 많았고,정자농도는 차이가 없었다. 듀록종과 요크셔종에서 각각 봄철에 생산한 정자가 여름,가을 및 겨울철에 생산한 정자보다 동결-융해 후 정자운동성 및 정상첨체 비율이 높았다. 한편 듀록종과 요크셔종에세 동결-융해 후 정자운동성은 모든 계절에서 요크셔종이 높게 냐타났으나,정상첨체에서는 차이가 없었다. 혈청 중 FSH의 농도를 비교한 결과 요크셔종이 듀록종보다 모든 계절에서 낮은 농도를 나타내었다. 그러나 두 품종 모두에서 각각 계절 간애 차이가 없었다. 혈청 중 LH와 estradiol-17β의 농도를 비교한 결과 요크셔종과 듀록종 간에 차이가 없었다. 또한 두 품종 모두에서 계절 간에 차이가 없었다. 종모돈의 품종별,계절별 혈청 중 testosterone의 농도를 비교한 결과 요크셔종이 듀록종보다 모든 계절에서 높게 나타났다. 또한 두 품종 모두에서 각각 봄철이 여름,가을 및 겨울철에 벼하여 혈청 중 testosterone의 농도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과를 종합하여 보면,FSH의 농도가 낮을수록 정액생산량이 높은 것으로 나타났으며,혈청 중 testosterone의 농도가 높을수록 동결-융해 정자의 운동성 및 정상첨체의 비율이 높은 것으로 나타났다. This study was carried out to investigate. the effects of semen characteristics, frozen-thawed sperm viability and serum FSH, LH, estradiol-l7β and testosterone concentrations between breeds and among seasons in boars. In all seasons, Yorkshire boars produced higher semen volume compared with Duroc boars, whereas sperm concentration did not differ significantly between Duroc and Yorkshire boars. Semen volume in spring was higher compared with summer, autumn and winter in both Duroc, and Yorkshire boars, but sperm concentration did not differ significantly among seasons. Sperm motility and normal acrosome rate of frozen-thawed sperm produced in spring were higher than those in summer, autumn and winter in both Duroc and Yorkshire boars. Sperm motility of frozen-thawed sperm in Yorkshire boars was higher than that in Duroc boars regardless of seasons. However, normal acrosome rate did not differ significantly between Duroc and Yorkshire boars. Serum FSH concentration in Yorkshire boars was lower than that in Duroc boars in all seasons. However, there were no significant differences on serum FSH concentration of Duroc and Yorkshire boars among seasons. Serum LH and estradiol-l7β concentrations did not differ significantly between Duroc and Yorlcshire boars. Also, there were no significant differences in serum LH and estradiol-l7β concentrations of Duroc and Yorkshire boars among seasons. Serum testosterone concentration in Yorkshire boars was higher than that in Duroc boars in all seasons. In both breeds, serum testosterone concentrations were higher in spring than in summer, autumn and winter. In conclusion, when serum FSH concentrations were low, semen volumes were high, and when serum testosterone concentrations were high, sperm motility and normal acrosome rate of frozen-thawed sperm were high.