Critical role of bile acid (BA) in the cellular entry and permissiveness of Hepatitis B virus in vitro

Hong‑Jai Lee,Bo‑Young Shin,Jae‑Seung Moon,Ailyn Fadriquela,Selikem Abla Nuwormegbe,Chun‑Chang Ho,Jin‑Su Shin,Jee‑Sang Yoon,Sang‑Kyou Lee,Soo‑Ki Kim 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2020 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.16 No.3

Background Lack of universal replication system for hepatitis B virus with narrow host range and organ tropism has hampered to uncover the pathogenesis of HBV. Previously, we reported the essentiality of humoral milieu and its components toward HBV and hepatitis C virus survival/viability in vitro. Of these components, the precise role of enterohepatic humoral milieu such as bile acid (BA) on HBV cultivation in vitro and in vivo is unknown. Objective We explored whether BA, specifically taurochenodeoxycholic acid (tCDCA) would directly regulate the viral DNA and surface antigen expression of HBV in vitro, consequently rendering HBV to enter into human or murine immortalized hepatocytes, and non-hepatocytes. Result We found that higher concentration of taurochenodeoxycholic acid (tCDCA) is able to preserve the genomic stability of HBV in cell-free DMEM, showing higher the surface antigenicity than taurocholic acid (tCA). In line, we found that in vitro cell culture condition (100 μmol/L of tCDCA coupled with 1 × 108 g e/mL HBV) would be optimal for HBV entry into target cells. Using this, human (HepG2, Huh7), and rodent (Hepa1c1c7, H4-II-E) hepatoma cell lines were infected by HBV, as evidenced by the presence of HBV biomarkers (HBsAg, and HBV DNA in culture supernatant, as well as HBcAg in cell). Further, cellular entry test revealed that HBV is able to infect 12 different non-hepatic cell lines regardless of species, and organ/tissue, consequently reproducing progeny as confirmed by HBV biomarkers. Last, reinfection test showed that the progenies of HBV from immortalized HepG2, and Hepa1c1c7 cells are able to enter into each or vice versa naïve HepG2, and Hepa1c1c7 cells with or without BA. Conclusion This study demonstrates that enterohepatic humoral milieu such as BA, specifically tCDCA would directly regulate HBV DNA and its surface antigen expression in vitro, consequently rendering HBV to enter into human or murine immortalized hepatocytes, and non-hepatocytes. This is the first note to render HBV permissive to human or rodent hepatic and non-hepatic cells via sole manipulation of humoral milieu, thus establishing the platform for in vitro robust replication system of HBV.

연령증가에 따른 혈압요소들의 좌심실비대 및 관동맥질환과의 관련성

박재석,박창규,박미영,박재형,김용현,나진오,신성희,서순용,홍순준,박성미,임홍의,김응주,서홍석,오동주,노영무 대한순환기학회 2004 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.34 No.2

장거리 해저 광전송망 분산보상 설계 및 구현

유재덕(Jae Duck Yoo),박홍태(Hong Tae Park),신현식(Hyun Sik Shin),김천석(Chun Suk Kim),신윤호(Yun Ho Shin) 한국전자통신학회 2006 한국전자통신학회 논문지 Vol.1 No.1

현재 국내.외 기간 통신망은 급격히 증가하는 고속 대용량 트래픽을 효율적으로 멀리 전송하기 위해 광증폭기를 이용한 파장분할다중화방식 (DWDM:Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing) 광전송 시스템 통신망을 구축하고 있다. DWDM광전송 시스템에서 고속, 대용량 및 장거리 전송을 하기 위해서는 기존 3R 광 중계기시스템에서 크게 중요시 않았던 광 fiber의 비선형(non-linearity) 전송제약 요소를 고려하여 통신망을 설계하여야 한다. 광통신망에서 장거리 전송 시 신호펄스 파형의 왜곡을 최소화하기 위해 영분산(zero-dispersion)을 구현하여야 하지만, 영분산으로 인하여 파이버의 비선형 현상이 나타나 신호 스펙트럼 왜곡 현상이 발생하는 문제가 있다. 즉 영 분산과 파이버의 비선형 사이에 서로 상충관계를 해결하여야 고속 대용량 트랙픽을 장거리 전송할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 DWDM 해저 광 통신망에서 고속 대용량 트래픽을 장거리 전송하기 위한 기술을 알아보고, 영분산과 파이버의 비선형 사이에 상충문제를 해결 위한 분산관리 기법을 소개하고, 실제한국-홍콩간 해저 광통신 구간에서 분산 맵 (dispersion map)을 설계 구현하였다. Currently, Most of the Backhual and Submarine s networks are being installed using DWDM and EDFA to deal with dramatically increasing internet traffic. In a conventional type optical system, the so-called 3R repeater, fiber non- linearity was not significant factor but it is one of the most important consideration when designing new DWDM network based on the EDFAs. To minimize the signal pulse distortion in long-haul optical network, Zero-dispersion fiber is indispensable but causes the fiber non-linearity. Therefore this conflicting problems should be managed to transmit a high-speed capacity traffic. In this paper, key technologies in DWDM submarine optic network were found out for a high capacity traffic and introduced the dispersion management way for solving the conflicting problems between Zero-dispersion and non-linearity. Lastly designed a dispersion map in section between Korea and Hong-kong.

입원한 정신장애자의 도박성향에 관한 연구

신광철,이길홍,이재광 大韓神經精神醫學會 1991 신경정신의학 Vol.30 No.5

The authors have tried this study to know gambling trends, to extract various factors that can be related to gambling behaviors of the mentally illed persons, and to make the development of preventive guidelines which can prevent gambling behaviors in advance. Samples were gathered from 428 psychiatric inpatients who were admitted to hospitals in Seoul and district on March 1988. Data were processed by IBM PC AT Computed using SPSS+ program and were statistically analysed by internal consistency of gambling items, correlation matrix of gambling items and chi-square test. Summary of the results were as follows: 1) Among the nine diagnostic criteria for pathological gambling, three diagnostic criteria, such as “restlessness or irritability if unable to gamble(22.2%)”,“frequent gambling of larger amounts of money or over a over a longer period of time than intended(20.6%)”,and“a need to increase the size or frequency of bets to achieve the desired excitement(20.3%)”,were more frequently experienced criteria. And all the nine criteria were experienced more frequently in males than in females. 2) 32.7% (140 persons) of the total psychiatric inpatients(428 persons), including social gambler as 13.1% and pathological gambler as 19.6%, have experienced gambling behaviors. The rate of pathological gambling in males as 26.1% was 2.46 times higher than females 10.6%. 3) Pathological gambling trends were highest in psychiatric inpatients who has grown up in the outskirts(25.7%) and the center of the small and medium city(22.4%), and higher in the outskirts of the Seoul(21.9%) and the center of the large city(21.1%), but pathological gambling trends were lowest in the group who has grown up in center of Seoul. But gambling trends were not correlated with age level, educational level, and location of the hospital. 4) Pathological gambling trends were higher in psychiatric inpatients whose body types dysplastic(52.2%), while lower in balanced body type(14.3%). 5) Pathological gambling trends were higher in psychiatric inpatients whose personality trait is antisocial(50.0%) than the other personality trait, while lower in borderline personlity (2.9%). 6) Pathological gambling trends were higher in psychiatric inpatients who have learned masturbation during middle adolescent period and who had difficulties in premorbid sexual adjustment. 7) Gambling trends were higher in psychiatric inpatients who drinks alcohol habitually (Social drinking, 36.4%; alcohol addiction, 32.7%). Among them, gambling trends were higher in patients who drink alcohol hedonically(30.1%). However gambling trends were lower in patients who do not drink(9.7%).

동하중을 받는 FRAME 구조물의 확률유한요소해석 및 신뢰성해석

신재철,김진홍,정인수,한성호 충남대학교 산업기술연구소 2003 산업기술연구논문집 Vol.18 No.1

Most dynamic systems have various random properties in excitation and system parameters. Therefore, in this paper, reliability analysis for structural response is proposed fro the linear dynamic system with random properties in both excitation and system parameters. The system parameters and responses with random properties are modeled by the perturbation technique. A displacement and bending moment of frame structure is acquired in Stochastic Finite Element Method Program(SFEMP) and Dynamic Stochastic Finite Element Method Program(DSFEMP) using perturbation method, and Direct Monte Carlo Simulation Program(DMCSP) is used to verify and compare previous results. Comparing outputs of SFEMP and DSFEMP with them of DMCSP, it show that they are similar to each other. Also DMCSP need much time to analyze a complicated structure, but SFEMP and DSFEMP can reduce quite time. In this study, it is assumed that excitations, system parameters and response are Gaussian. The results of response for the analysis are compared to those of numerical simulation. Also the probability of failure are calculated for using Advanced First Order Second Moment(AFOSM) of the general reliability analysis method.

忠南地域 觀光農業의 開發方案 Ⅰ : 觀光農業 示範農場의 經營分析 Pilot Farm Management Analysis

愼鏞仁,申東完,林栽煥,金再洪 忠南大學校 地域開發硏究所 1990 地域開發論叢 Vol.2 No.-

韓國人 妊産婦 및 新生兒 血淸 Immunoglobulins에 關한 硏究

申載昇,金善行,洪性鳳 고려대학교 의과대학 1985 고려대 의대 잡지 Vol.22 No.1

Levels of the three major classic immunoglobulins(IgG, IgA, IgM) were measured by rad a1 immunodiffusion plate method in paired maternal and cord sera at the time of delivery. Primarily, the purpose of this study is to establish the baseline of serum immunoglobulin levels in the normal term pregnant women and their fetuses in Korea, and to evaluate the correlations between serum immunoglobulin levels and various factors which were proposed that can influence the serum concentrations of immunoglobulins. The values obtained in maternal and fetal sera were submitted to statistical analysis to know the correlations with delivery method, parity, fetal body weight and monthly expenditure. 1. The levels of IgG in maternal and cord sera were 1129±15.9mg per 100m1 and 1245±25.2mg per 100ml. 2. The levels of IgA in maternal and cord sera were 225±7.1mg per l00m1 and 27±4.2 mg per 100ml. 3. The levels of IgM in maternal and cord sera were 155±3.5mg per l00m1 and 4o±2.1 mg per 100ml. 4. There was no close correlation between the immunoglobulin levels in the maternal sera and the monthly body weight. 5. There was no close correlation between the immunoglobulin levels in the maternal sera and the monthly expenditure. 6. There was no significant difference in maternal and fetal cord sera immunoglobulins levels between normal vaginal delivery group and elective cesarean section group. 7. There was no significant difference in maternal and fetal cord sera immunoglobulins levels between primiparous group and multiparous group. 8. There was siginificant correlation between the IgM levels of mother and the fetus, but not in IgG and IgA.

Low doses of ionizing radiation suppress doxorubicin-induced senescence-like phenotypes by activation of ERK1/2 and suppression of p38 kinase in MCF7 human breast cancer cells

신재식,우상혁,이형찬,홍승우,유두현,홍석일,이왕재,이명석,진영우,안성관,진동훈,박인철 Sookmyung Women's University Research Institute of 2010 여성과 건강 Vol.6 No.1

향가의 인용 구문과 시적 특성

신재홍 한국시가학회 2002 韓國 詩歌硏究 Vol.12 No.-

This paper is a study of the poetic feature of Hyang-Ga genre through the investigation of quotations which are used in the works. The high frequency of quotations in Hyang-Ga is the appearances of its inner properties. In the works with quotations the narrative and didactic features are remarkable, since someone's acts and ideas have been quoted. Hyang-Ga is a lyric genre and the poet of Hyang-Ga quote and organize someone's acts and ideas in his works. He expresses his inside world through overlapping and encountering of the thoughts and emotions between him and others. By this way of quotation the lyricism of Hyang-Ga genre is enriched. The aspects of historical development of poetry which have flown from epic to lyric are reflected in that genre. Not only is Hyang-Ga a lyric genre, but it has succeeded the tradition of epic. Therefore, Hyang-Ga could have a wide narrative world and deep lyricism in short verses.

급성 림프구성 백혈병 환자에서 발생한 침습성 국균 심내막염 2예

신성철,백경란,정재홍,송봉근,김동희,전경만,채제욱,손준성,정숙인,오원섭,송재훈 대한감염학회 2003 감염과 화학요법 Vol.35 No.5

국균은 호흡기를 통해 유입되며 심한 면역기능저하 환자에서 기회감염을 일으키는 진균이며 주로 혈관을 따라 폐를 침범하고 심장과 골침범은 매우 드문 것으로 알려져 있다. 저자들은 급성 림프구성 백혈병 환자에서 발생한 침습성 국균 심내막염을 2예을 경험하였다. 19세 남자환자로 동종 조혈모세포이식 후 발생한 고열과 요통의 원인으로 감염성 심내막염 진단하에 수술결과 국균에 의한 감염으로 확증되어 수술적 절제술과 liposomal amphotericin B로 치료하였으나 국균 심내막염의 재발과 국균 척추염의 악화, 뇌 출혈로 사망하였다. 23세 남자환자로 관해요법 후 발생한 고열과 요통의 원인으로 국균 심내막염과 국균 척추염 진단하에 수술적 절제술과 amphotericin B로 치료하여 1년 2개월 동안 국균 심내막염의 재발은 없었으나 지속적인 백혈병의 재발과 국균 척추염의 악화, 침습성 폐 국균증으로 사망하였다. Although Aspergillus endocarditis has rarely been reported, it can cause fatal complications in hematologic malignancy patients and allogeneic stem cell transplant recipients. We experienced two cases of aspergillus endocarditis developed in acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients. Case; A 19-year-old patient developed Aspergillus endocarditis after allogenic hemopoietic stem cell transplantation. He was treated with surgical intervention and liposomal amphotericin B. He died of recurred Aspergillus endocarditis and cerebral hemorrhage probably related with aspergillosis of central nervous system. Case 2; A 23-year-old patient developed invasive Aspergillus endocarditis after induction chemotherapy. Aspergillus endocarditis was successfully treated by surgical intervention and amphotericin B. He died of refractory neutropenic fever and sepsis after the third relapse of leukemia and repetitive chemotherapy. He probably had invasive pulmonary aspergillosis without evidence of endocarditis recurrence. Because the mortality of Aspergillus endocarditis is very high, early diagnosis and surgical intervention are very important for better outcome.