行政學 理論體系 定立을 위한 方法論的 認識

李汪宰,安熙南 상명대학교 논문집 1985 상명대학교논문집 Vol.15 No.-

It has been often recognized for that the discipline of public administration is plagued by a weak or absent theoretical framework and core. This has led some social scientists, along with Robert Parker, to conclusion in which "there is really no such subject as 'public administration'. No science or art can be identified by this title, least of any single skill or coherent intellectual discipline." Others, including Frederick C. Mosher, have considered it a "resource", that public administration "is more an area of interest than a discipline," since this enables the field to draw upon a variety of disciplines. Still, another group of scholars, such as Herbert Kaufman and James Q. Wilson, have argued that public administration faces a serious and seemingly irresponsible problem in continually seeking to maximize the attainment of mutually incompatible values. Public administration theory contains at least three distinctive approaches. These can be labeled "managerial", "political", and "legal", Each approach has relatively separate origins, emphasizes different values, promotes different organizational structures, and views individuals in different terms. These three approaches reflect the constitutional separation of powers, which has tended to collapse into the administrative branch as a consequence of the rise of the contemporary administrative state. The development of a more coherent body of public administrative theory must recognize the utility of each of these approaches as they are applied to various aspects of administration. The experiences of practitioners, whose effort is totry to integrate these approaches on the job, can be an invaluable guide to such theory-building. This paper identifies the problems and issues concerning to the theory building of public administration in Introductory. It deals with the different methodologies, mainly borrowed from neighborhood disciplines, for the public administration theory in Chapter Ⅱ(The Methodology of Public Administration) and tries to integrate them into a new dimension of managerial, political and legal approaches in Chapter Ⅲ(A Practical Cognition for the Systematization of Public Administration Theory). Finally, it stresses the importance of public administration theory to solve the actual problems, to realize the social values and to control the unpredictable future.

여성정책의 성인지적 평가기준과 지표 연구 : 우리나라 여성정책 기본계획과 관련하여

이왕재 한국국정관리학회 2005 한국국정관리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2005 No.2

開發途上國의 外債現況과 償還能力 分析 : 한국을 중심으로 With Emphasis on the Korean Case

李汪宰,姜錫寅 상명대학교 논문집 1986 상명대학교논문집 Vol.18 No.-

External debt is not a new issue. Indeed, it has existed throughout history, but became more signficant internationally after the second World War because of the demand of funds for reconstruction and development. The oil crises of 1973-4 and 1979 exacerbated the external debt problem, particularly for oil-importing developing countries. Poland was the first country rescheduled in March 1981. By the end of 1983, total rescheduling rose to US$ 90 billion. Several factors contributed to the sudden expansion of external debt after the 1970s, First, while grants constituted the bulk of foreign aid after World War Ⅱ, the 1970s saw a shift of loans to developing countries. Second, before the 1970s, most foreign capital was used for internal purposes, while in the post oil crisis period, external purposes became more important. Third, the expansion of the scope of external debt after the oil crises made this issue an international problems, rather than a simple domestic issue. At the end of 1985, total developing countries' external debt stood at US$865 billion. Of this, 89%, or US$ 768 billion was borne by oil importing developing countries. The total developing countries' external debt in 1985 represented a 260% jump over its 1977 level. The Latin American region's debts made up 55.1% of the total, while Asian countries were responsible for 26.5%, showing the severity of the external debt problem in both regions. Indeed, developing countries' external debt has consistently worsened: in 1977, the external' debt to GNP ratio stood at 25%, but deteriorated to 36.4% by 1985; the external debt to export ratio worsened from 127% in 1977 to 150% after 1983; and the debt servicing ratio for these countries was 25.6% at the end of 1985. In this article, the writers have analyzed the external debt and debt service ability of the developing countries, giving special attention to the Korean case. In chapter Ⅱ, the developing countries' external debt status and the origins of the rapid expansion of worldwide external debt have been discussed. In chapter Ⅲ, Korea's external debt was focused, fully considering the structure of external debt. In chapter Ⅳ, the developing countries' debt servicing ability was analysed and the Korean case in particular closely looked at. In chapter Ⅴ, the writers concluded that Korea's external debt status is relatively good, compared with that of other developing countries. Thanks to Korea's foreign assets, the net foreign debt to GNP ratio at 40% is relatively stable. Short term debt constitutes less than 23% of total external debt. In addition, Korea's debt structure is well-balanced among the public and private sectors and bank loans. Korea has also benefited from recent decline in international interest rates as 69% of her external debt is made in floating rates. Korea's debt service ability is also relatively good. Effective economic management has successfully promoted annual growth rates to 5-9%. Korea has benefited from favorable interest rates and the proportion of short-term debt in total debt has been held down. Korea's debt service ratio, including short-term debt is only 20% and Korea enjoys a relative high country credit in international financial markets. Korea's balance of payments is also being improved as a result of increase in exports. On the domestic side, Korean citizens have positively supported the movement to reduce foreign debts. Korea, however, has no natural resources, and so is dependent on the external environment for economic growth. For this reason, Korea must continue to promote domestic savings and consumer's frugality in order to reduce external debt in the future.

생쥐 비장에서 T 세포의존성 B 세포 활성화 과정의 형태학적 변화

이왕재,김영구,황덕호,장가용,이광호 대한해부학회 1991 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.24 No.2

인공지능 기술의 Nowcasting: 오픈소스 프로젝트 네트워크를 중심으로

이왕재,이학연 대한산업공학회 2020 대한산업공학회 추계학술대회논문집 Vol.2020 No.11

우리나라 여성정책 평가 모형의 규범적 접근 - 여성정책 기본계획과 관련하여

이왕재 상명대학교 사회과학연구소 2006 社會科學硏究 Vol.22 No.-

이 연구는 현재 진행 중인 여성정책 기본계획이 목표한대로 실행되고 있는지를 평가할 수 있는 이념형적인 형태의 모형을 구축해 보려고 시도되었다. 이 모형 구축을 위해 첫째, 2번에 걸쳐 마련된 우리나라 여성정책 기본계획이 여성정책 패러다임의 변화를 얼마나 수용하고 있는지를 검토하며, 둘째, 제1차 및 2차 여성 정책기본계획의 차이를 분석하며, 셋째, 평가모형구축을 위하여 기존의 정책평가 모형들을 논의하여 반영한다.

The Production IL-21 and VEGF in UVB-irradiated Human Keratinocyte Cell Line, HaCaT

이왕재,강재승,김혜민 대한면역학회 2010 Immune Network Vol.10 No.2

Ultraviolet B (UVB) induces multiple inflammatory and carcinogenic reactions. In skin, UVB induces to secrete several kinds of inflammatory cytokines from keratinocytes and also increases angiogenic process via the modulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production. Interleukin-21(IL-21) is an inflammatory cytokine and produced by activated T cells. The biologic functions of IL-21 have not yet extensively studied. In the present study, we investigate the production of IL-21 from human keratinocyte cell line, HaCaT and its biological effect after exposure to UVB. First, we confirmed the IL-21 production and its receptor expression in HaCaT. And then, the change of IL-21 and VEGF production in HaCaT by UVB irradiation was examined. Not only IL-21but also VEGF production was enhanced by UVB irradiation. Next, to determine relationship of enhanced production of IL-21 and VEGF, we detected VEGF production after neutralization of IL-21. VEGF production was reduced by IL-21 neutralization,which indicates that the IL-21 is involved in the VEGF production. Taken together, our results suggest that IL-21 and VEGF production is enhanced by UVB irradiation in HaCaT. In addition, it seems that IL-21 plays a role in the angiogenic process in skin via the modulation of VEGF production.

[良方] 부감상샘과 뼈의 건강

李旺載 고시계사 2010 考試界 Vol.55 No.10

마르크스주의 사회혁명론의 실증분석 : 대학생들의 관심도 이해도와 관련하여

이왕재 한국국민윤리학회 1987 倫理硏究 Vol.25 No.1

중국동포의 대(對)한국 인식도에 관한 실증분석과 정책 제언

이왕재 한국정책학회 2001 韓國政策學會報 Vol.10 No.2

중국동포 사회와 중국조선족 동포는 중장기적으로 남북한의 정치적 통일과 통일 이후 이질화된 문화를 융합하는 조정자로서의 역할을 수행할 수 있고 나아가 한국의 중국진출 뿐 아니라 동북아경제권 형성에 적극 참여할 수 있는 교두보로서의 역할도 담당할 수 있는 중요한 전략적 위치에 있다. 이런 중국동포들은 한·중수교 이후 이른바 '코리안 드림'을 안고 한국으로의 입국을 꾸준히 시도했으나 그 꿈은 적지 않은 좌절과 실망으로 이어져 그들의 한국에 대한 불신감이 증폭되고 있을 뿐 아니라 앞으로 중국 동포문제는 한·중간의 외교문제를 촉발시킬 수 있는 중요한 문제이기도 하다. 따라서 이 연구는 중국동포들의 한국에 대한 인식을 진단해 볼 필요가 있다는 판단에 따라 시도된 바 그 주요내용은 조선족의 한민족(韓民族) 정체성, 대(對)한국 인식 만족의 정도, 인식변화의 양상 및 한국정부의 노력에 대한 평가 등이다. 이 연구는 두 부류의 중국동포, 즉 한국 방문의 경험이 없는 연변자치주, 길림성(연변자치주 제외), 흑룡강성, 요녕성 거주의 중국 현지동포(506명)와 한국의 산업연구원, 성남교회, 인청항과 기타 서울 및 경기도 일원에 거주하던 동포(507명)을 대상으로 일대일 면접방식을 통해 이루어졌다. 이 연구는 경험적인 분석에 앞서 중국의 소수민족정책, 조선족의 이중 정체성과 조선족 사회가 당면하는 위기 문제 등을 검토한 후 연구의 결과를 바탕으로 향후 중국외교정책에 대한 제언도 언급한다. Viewing in the long-term perspectives, the Korean-Chinese living in China would be in a strategic position to play an important role of a mediator for Korea to integrate the South and North Korea's differentiated culture as the first step toward unification of the Korean peninsula. The Korean-Chinese and their society in China will also play another important role of a bridge for Korean economy to land on the Chinese soil as well as to participate in the formation of North-East Asian Economic Zone. A lot of Korean-Chinese whose family roots in China dated back to about 150 years ago have tried to rush to their motherland to secure jobs as a means of realizing 'Korean Dream' since the establishment of diplomatic tie between Korea and China in 1992. However not a few have undergone hardships including money fraud for employment by wicked traders and even indifference to their existence in Korea, which has caused their distrust against Koreans and the Korean government. In fact, problems related to the Korean-Chinese matters can be critical issues inclined to trigger some uneasy relationships between the two countries in the future. This study was designed, on the basis of questionnaire survey, to investigate the cognitive attitude of Korean-Chinese toward Korean people and the Korean government policy for the people of the Korean origin born in China. The major concerns of the survey include the recognition of their sense of identity as a Korean family line, the level of their satisfaction with Koreans, a change in their cognition of Koreans and their perception of the Korean government policy for the overseas Korean brethren. To find some facts, questionnaires were given to 506 Korean-Chinese residents living in China with no experience of visiting Korea and also to those of 507 who have lived in Korea, which eventually totaled 1013 samples. Prior to the analysis of the questionnaire survey, this study deals with the Chinese 'minority ethnic' policy, the identity crisis derived from their dual status with a Korean blood and a Chinese citizenship and the disintegration crisis of the Korean-Chinese society in China. Finally, this study attempts to present some policy recommendations for the Korean-Chinese policy of the Korean government in relation with the Chinese government.