학습과제 유형별 유의미 연결을 통한 학습객체 기반 개별화 학습 시스템

홍지영,송기상 한국컴퓨터교육학회 2004 컴퓨터교육학회 논문지 Vol.7 No.6

개별화되고 적응화된 코스를 생성하기 위해서는 학습객체가 논리적 연관성을 가지고 연결되어 있는 기반구조를 갖추어야 한다. 이러한 학습객체간의 논리적 연관성, 그리고 개별 학습자를 고려한 다양한 링크를 통하여 학습의 각 시점에서 각각의 학습자는 서로 다른 학습경로를 제공받을 수 있게 된다. 본 연구는 학습과제 유형별 유의미 연결을 고려하여 학습객체 기반의 개별화 학습 시스템 구조를 설계하는데 목적이 있으며, 이를 위해 '관련성 요소 추출에 관한 연구','학습목표 맵 구성에 관한 연구','학습자의 인지상태 판단에 관한 연구'를 수행하였다. 학습객체 기반의 코스 설계가 단지 무의미한 객체들의 집합이라는 비판이 대두되는 시점에서, 본 연구의 학습객체간 관련성을 고려한 개별화 학습 시스템 모형 연구는 e-Learning 안에 유의미한 학습과 진정한 교육을 담고자 하는 시도가 될 것이다. To generate individualized and adaptive course, it's required to have the foundation structure in which learning objects are connected with each other with logical relevances. Each learner can have peculiar learning path at each point of time of learning through the logical relevancy between those learning objects and various links, considering individual learner. The purpose of this study is to design a learning object-basis individualized learning system structure, considering semantic sequencing by learning task types. It is our understanding that the individualized learning system design model of this study, considering the relevancy between learning objects, can be a fresh trial to accommodate semantic learning and true educational spirits in e-Learning at this point of time when criticism, such as the learning object based course design is simply a collection of meaningless objects, etc., is becoming influential.

뇌동맥류의 진단에 대한 전산화단층촬영 뇌혈관조영술과 고식적 뇌혈관조영술의 비교

송상현,윤수한,안영환,안영민,조기홍,조경기,김선용,서정호 대한신경외과학회 1996 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.25 No.10

Cerebral angiography has been essential for the diagnosis of the intracranial aneurysms but. is sometimes accompanied by serious complications. Resolution of CT angiography was up-graded greatly to represent the three-demensional structure of vesseles since helical CT had been introduced. We have compared 26 cases of CT angiography and 28 cases of conventional angiography in terms of specificity and sensitivity for the diagnosis detectable aneurysm diameter. configurational diagnosis and diagnostic confidency. All results showed no statistical difference between CT angiography and conventional angiography. These should suggest that CT angiography could be replaced with conventional angiography for the diagnosis of ruptured aneurysms and even of unruptured aneurysms. resulting in the introduction of first screening modality of unruptured aneurysms.

皮膚科 外來 癩患者의 動態

宋浚榮,朴義守,徐舜鳳,徐基錫,河龍馬,孫在卿,金基洪,金蘭姬 大韓癩學會 1981 癩學 會誌 Vol.14 No.1

농촌지역 노인들의 우울증상에 관련된 요인들의 특성

송미숙,전기홍,송현종,김정은,박승구,신상건,이동훈,정성현,최연주,최완철,최민규,황재철,홍지만 아주대학교 1997 아주의학 Vol.2 No.2

This study was performed to identify risk factors for depression among the elderly in a rural area. A survey was done for the elderly living in Gosam-myenn, Ansung-kun during the period of July 28, 1997 and July 30, 1997. Demographic and sodoeconornic characteristics, and functional and health Status were assessed using a structured questionnaire, and the level of depression was measured by GDS score. The data obtained were analyzed by frequencies, percentage, t-test, ANOVA, and multiple regression, and the results were as follows: 1. The total sample consisted of 133 elderly. Of them, 47 elderly (35.4%) showed significant depressive Symptoms. 2. The GDS score was the highest for the group over 85 years of age (p < 0.05). Those living alone or widowed showed lower GDS score than those living with someone or married (p < 0.05). 3. The GDS score was the highest in the absolutely dependent group, followed by the partially dependent group, and the independent group (p < 0.01). The elderly who perceived their health Status as excellent showed the lowest GDS score. In contrast, those who had more than five chronic diseases showed the highest GDS score. 4. The elderly receiving financial and emotional support from their family or friends showed lower GDS score compared to those without any support. 5. The economically dependent group showed higher GDS score than that of independent group. 6. The elderly who involved in leisure activities showed lower GDS score than those without any involvement. 7. In terms of risk factors for depression, we found that perceived health Status, subjective economic Status, leisure activities, living arrangement and financial support were inversely associated with GDS score, whereas labor support was positively associated with GDS score. Based upon the above findings, this study suggests that these risk factors for depression in the elderly should be taken into consideration for a comprehensive mental health program for the elderly living in the rural area.

혈액투석중인 만성신부전 환자에서 골대사 지표로써의 Osteocalcin치

송치운,이진홍,안미애,윤환중,윤상임,성기양,이강현,송민호,이강욱,신영태,김영건,노흥규 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1993 충남의대잡지 Vol.20 No.2

Background : Serum osteocalcin is synthesized by osteoblast and has been shown to be sensitive indicator of bone turnover inpatients with various metabolic bone disease. In renal osteodystrophy, serum osteocalcin is elevated due to decreased renal clearance and elevated level of PTH. This study was done to evaluate the usefulness of serum osteocalcin as a marker of bone metabolism and the correlation with other biochemical markers of bone metabolism. Methods : We measured serum osteocalcin, calcium, phosphorus, ALP(alkaline phosphatase) and PTH(parathyroid hormone) in 37 patients with end stage renal disease on hemodialysis. Osteocalcin was determined by radioimmunoassay and PTH was determined by radioimmunometric assay. Results : 1) The mean level of serum osteocalcin in ESRD patients was 233.8± 218.2ng/ml which was significantly higher than that of controls(p<0.0001). 2) The mean level of serum PTH in ESRD patients was 40.5± 43.8pg/ml was significantly higher than that of controls(p<0.005). 3) There was a significant positive correlation between the level of serum PTH, ALP and the level of serum osteocalcin in ESRD patients. 4) By using multiple regression, PTH is most reliable factor that affect to elevated level of serum osteocalcin ( beta coefficient = 0.687, Sig T<0.05). Conclusion : Serum osteocalcin as a marker of bone metabolism in ESRD patients is more useful than other biochemical marker such as serum calcium, phosphorus, ALP and PTH is a most reliable factor that affect to elevated level of serum osteocalin.

입력디코더 ESOP형 PLA의 간단화에 관한 연구

宋洪復,金聖大,金明起 동아대학교 공과대학 부설 한국자원개발연구소 1990 硏究報告 Vol.14 No.1

An optimization problem of AND-EXOR PLA's with imput decoders can be regarded as a minimization problem of Exclusive-Or Sum-Of-Products expressions (ESOP's) for multiple-valued input two-valued output functions. In this paper, we propose a minimization algorithm for ESOP's. The algorithm is based on an iterative improvement. Five rules are used to replace a pair of products with another one. We minimize many ESOP's for arithmetic circuits. In most cases, ESOP's required fewer products than SOP's to realize same functions.

5GHz대 무선 시스템과 초고속 무선 LAN과의 양립성 연구

송기홍,김원호 동의공업대학 2001 論文集 Vol.27 No.1

In this paper, the compatibility studies between radio LAN(RLAN) and wireless system according to the mutual interference characteristics in the 5GHz band was proposed. These results were obtained from the theoretical and experimental analysis between RLAN and wireless systems such as EESS, SAR, and radars. As the results, the RLAN requires that dynamic frequency selelction(DFS) shall be used in order to reduce the interference to other systems operating in these bands, and different polarization shall be used with the polarization characteristics of other systems.

류마치스성 제1-2경추 아탈구 : 증례보고 Report of A Case

송상현,윤수한,조기홍,안영환,안영민,조경기 대한신경외과학회 1996 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.25 No.10

Authors report a case of one-stage transoral decompression and posterior fusion in rheumatoid atlantoaxial subluxation. A 63-year-old man developed a rheumatiod atlantoaxial subluxation with mild weakness of all extremities which developed relatively suddenly 3 months after the initial symptom of neck pain. Skeletal traction followed by transoral decompression and occipitocervical fusion was performed on the same day. Postoperative course has been uneventful and revealed favorable fusion state of occipito-atlanto-axis. The pertinent literature on theumatoid atlanto-axial subluxation is reviewed and discussed.

NP 同値類 대표함수를 이용한 AND-EXOR 最少 論理式의 表現

宋洪復,金聖大,金明起 동아대학교 공과대학 부설 한국자원개발연구소 1990 硏究報告 Vol.14 No.1

The paper presents a catalog of AND-EXOR expressions for representative functions of four-variable NP-equivalence classes. Minimality is defined as minimizing first the number of product terms and then the total number of literal in the expression. Also, the properties of minimum expressions are discussed. Using this as a base, we compare minimum expressions of AND-OR type two-variable circuit with minimum expressions of AND-EXOR type two-variable circuit which used algorithm in this paper. As a result if was found that in the case of AND-OR type minimum expressions, number of product terms is under 8, and in the case of AND-EXOR type minimum expressions all functions are formed in which number of product terms is under 6, and generally number of product term is considerably small to realize four variable function toward AND-EXOR type minimum expression circuit.

지형정보 데이터를 이용한 통계적 전파 전파 예측 모델

송기홍,김원호 동의공업대학 2000 論文集 Vol.26 No.1

In this paper, a statistical radio propagation prediction model of received power using the geographic information system is proposed, by making use of a combination and empirical methods. The validation of the proposed prediction model has been made with the measured data for various radio environment. Note that the use of the prediction model paves the way for estimating received signal level as a function of distance. Since the proposed prediction model included the effect of ground reflected waves and diffracted waves, the variability of signal strength caused by surrounding man-made structures can be predicted with accuracy.