추황배(Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai cv. Chuhwangbae) 과피로부터 1종의 Sterol과 3종의 배당체 화합물의 단리·동정

이유건(Yu Geon Lee1),조정용(Jeong-Yong Cho),이현주(Hyun Joo Lee),이용현(Yong Hyun Lee),이상현(Sang-Hyun Lee),한태호(Tae-Ho Han),김월수(Wol-Soo Kim),박근형(Keun-Hyung Park),문제학(Jae-Hak Moon) 한국식품과학회 2013 한국식품과학회지 Vol.45 No.5

본 연구에서는 배의 유용성 증명을 위한 일환으로 배의 화학성분을 분자수준에서 밝히고자 하였다. 이에 배 과피 MeOH 추출물을 용매분획하여 얻은 EtOAc-산성 분획과 EtOAc-중성분획을 대상으로 Sephadex LH-20, silica gel, 그리고 ODS colmn chromatography와 HPLC를 이용하여 정제 및 단리하였다. 그 결과, EtOAc-산성 분획과 EtOAc-중성 분획으로부터 각각 2종씩의 화합물을 단리하였다. 단리된 화합물 1-4는 1H- 및 13C-NMR 분석을 통하여 각각 (S)-(+)-2-cis-abscisic acid O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (화합물 1), 1-[4-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl]phenyl ethanone(piceoside, 화합물 2), β-sitosterol (화합물 3), 그리고 β-sitosteryl 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (화합물 4)로 동정되었다. 단리된 3종의 배당체 화합물(화합물 1, 2, 4)들은 본 연구에 의해 배로부터 처음 동정되었으며, 화합물 3은 추황배로부터 처음 동정되었다. 본 연구결과가 배 함유 성분연구는 물론 배의 기능성 해명 연구에도 추후 중요한 기초자료로 활용되길 기대한다. We isolated and identified antioxidants from acidic and neutral ethyl acetate fractions of the peel of pear (Pyrus pyrifolia N. cv. Chuhwangbae). We isolated 4 compounds from the methanol extract, by using 3 different types of column chromatography (Sephadex LH-20, silica gel, and octadecylsilane) and preparative HPLC. We identified the isolated compounds as (S)-(+)-2-cis-abscisic acid O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (compound 1), 1-[4-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl]phenyl ethanone (picroside, compound 2), β-sitosterol (compound 3), and β-sitosteryl 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (compound 4) by nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. We are the first to report the identification of compounds 1, 2, and 4 from pear.

항정신병약물 사용 중인 정신분열병 환자에서 올란자판으로의 교체 방법에 관한 연구(II) : Comparison of Safety 안전성 비교

안용민,권용실,권준수,민성호,박두병,양문정,소형석,송종호,신윤식,우행원,유범희,이홍석,정한용,한창환,김용식 大韓神經精神醫學會 2002 신경정신의학 Vol.41 No.5

연구목적: 이 다기관 공동임상연구는 사용 중인 항정신병약물을 ’직접 교체 방법’또는 ’시작-감량 교체 방법’중 한 가지 방법으로 올란자핀으로 교체한 후, 안정성 측면에서 두 교체 방법 간의 비교와 교체후의 변화를 관찰하기 위한 것이다. 방법: 국내 13개 병원의 입원 및 외래에 내원한 환자들 중 ICD-10 지단기준으로 정신분열병에 해당되며, 임상적으로 항정신병약물 교체가 필요한 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 두 가지 교체 방법 중 한 가지를 무작위로 피험자에 적용하였으며, ’직접 교체 방법’에 배정된 경우에는 사용중인 항정신병약물을 일시에 중단하고 10㎎의 올란자핀을 바로 투여하였고, ’시작-감량 교체 방법’에 배정된 경우는 10㎎의 올란자핀 투여하고 2주에 걸쳐서 기존 약물을 감량하여 중단하였다. 올란자핀 사용기간은 총 6주이며, 용량은 5∼20㎎ 범위로 제한하였다. 한정성 평가를 위해서 체중, 생명징후, 자발적인 이상반응 복, 실험실 검사 그리고 Simpson-Angus Scale(SAS), Barnes akathisia rating scale(BARS), Abnormal involuntary movement scale(AIMS). Liverpool University neuroleptic side effect rating scale(LUNSERS)등을 이용하였다. 결과: 총 103명의 정신분열병 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 사용한 올란자핀의 용량, 벤조디아제핀의 병용률, 탈락률과 탈락 사유, 자발적인 이상반응 보고, 생명징후, 실험실 검사 그리고 대부분의 부작용 척도 상에서 임상적으로 의미 있는 차이를 두 교체 방법간에 발견하지 못하였다. 다만 AIMS의 감소는 ’직접 교체 방법’군에서 보다 적었고, 항콜린제의 병용률은 ’시작-감량 교체 방법’군에서 보다 많았다. 기저 상태에서 전체 피험자의 SAS와 BARS 점수는 각각 3.5점과 1.8점이었으며 70% 이상의 피험자가 고프로락틴 혈증을 보였다. 올란자핀으로 교체한 후, SAS, BARS, AIMS 점수의 유의한 감소가 있었으며 고프로락틴 혈증을 보인 피험자 분율도 약 30%이하로 감소하였다. 그러나 교체 방법과 상관없이 올란자핀 교체 후 유의한 체중 증가가 있었다. 결론: 이 연구를 통해 교체 방법에 관계없이 비교적 안전하고 용이하게 올란자핀으로 교체 할 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. 그리고 기존 항정신병약물을 올란자핀으로 교체함으로써 일부 부작용들을 줄일 수 있음을 간접적으로 관찰할 수 있었다. 하지만 이 연구는 여러 제한점과 문제점을 지니고 있기 때문에 보다 체계적인 연구를 통해 검정이 필요하리라 생각된다. Objectives: This multicenter clinical trial involving 13 hospital sites compared the safely of switching to olanzapine between ’direct switching method’ and ’start-tapering switching method’. Method: This study included both inpatients and outpatients who fulfilled the criteria for schizophrenia as defined in the ICD-10, and were in need to be appropriate for switching antipsychotics. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of the two switching methods. For ’direct switching method’group, previous antipsychotics were abruptly discontinued and 10㎎ of olanzapine was administered, and previous antipsychotics was gradually tapered for 2 weeks. Olanzapine was used for 6 weeks and the dose was adjusted within the range of 5-20㎎. The safety of switching to olanzapine was measured with vital sings including body weight, adverse events reported spontaneously, laboratory tests, and various scales such as Simpson-Angus Scale(SAS), Barnes Akathisia Rating Scale(BARS). Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale(AIMS), and Liverpool University Neuroleptic Side Effect Rating Scale(LUNSERS). Results: 103 patients were switched to olanzapine in this study. The comparison between two switching methods did not show any significant difference in the dosage of olanzapine used, the concomitant use of benzodiazepine, the rate and reasons of drop-out, the adverse events, vital signs, laboratory tests, and most scales for measuring side-effects. However, the decrease in AIMS scores was significantly lower in ’direct switching method’ group, and the concomitant use of anticholinergics was comparatively greater in ’start-tapering switching method’ group. At baseline, SAS and BARS scores were 3.5 and 1.8 points respectively, and more than 70% of the subjects showed hyperprolactinemia. After switching to olanzapine, SAS, BARS, and AIMS scores were significantly decreased and the proportion of the patients with hyperprolactinemia was also decreased to less than 30%. However significant weight gain after the treatment of olanzapine was observed regardless of switching method. Conclusion: This study may suggest that switching to olanzapine can be done with relatively high safety regardless of switching methods and olanzapine can significantly decrease some side-effects induced by other antipsychotics.

사후분해 시체에 대한 법의학적 접근

최영식,이상용,김유훈,조갑래,이봉우,양경무,정낙은,서중석,이한영,이원태,강현욱 大韓法醫學會 2000 대한법의학회지 Vol.24 No.2

Disposal of a homicide victim by dismemberment is rare, but individual cases are on record in most major medicolegal departments. Recognition of postmortem mutilation may be of importance in the interpretation of certain murders committed by sexual perverts and other mentally deranged individuals and sometimes performed for the sole reason of easier disposal of the body. Postmortem dismemberment is usually readily recognizable as such; The edges of the injuries are dry and lack evidence of bleeding. The joints may be disarticulated without fracture, or the use of an axe or saw may be evident from examination of bones. Parallel horizontal or oblique furrows in the bone surface are caused by skipping of the saw prior to establishing depth. Such patterns on the bone may assist in identifying the particular saw involved. So we report 25 dismembered corpses that autopsied in National Institute of Scientific Investigation. This paper can help in attempting to establish not only the first criminal investigation steps but also the medicolegal approach methods in unidentified and dismembered deaths.

석면폐증 1례

이영수,장태원,유호대,정만홍,이용환,서지영,허 방,이재성 大韓産業醫學會 1999 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.11 No.1

Asbestosis is the disease of pulmonary fibrosis caused by the inhaled asbestos fibers, and could be diagnosed clinically, in the case of exposure history to asbestos is proved, by clinical symptoms of dyspnea or dry cough, physical examonation findings, and the radiographic features. But many othder inorganic dusts would show similar findings in the chest radiogram and sometimes the exposure history is obscure, so for the exact diagnosis of asbestosis lung biopsy is needed. In Korea, there have been some reports of survey in the workplace where asbestos is handled or of asbestos related diseases. This is a case report of asbestosis with accompanying pleural plaques, who had the occupational exposure to asbestos for 30 years and the consistent clinical, radiographic and pathological findings in the lung tissue obtained by the videoscope assisted thoracoscopic biopsy(VATS).

당뇨환자에서 발생한 두개저의 침습성 아스페르길루스증 1예

이지연,김성범,김용현,김정한,유상균,김희영,정영걸,박승철,정학현,최재걸,이진수,김민자 대한감염학회 2003 감염과 화학요법 Vol.35 No.5

두개저의 침습성 아스페르길루스증은 매우 드물지만 치명적인 질환으로 침습성 아스페르길루스 부비동염에 합병될 수 있다. 침습성 아스페르길루스증의 치료 원칙은 병변의 외과적 적출술과 장기간의 항진균요법으로 되어 있으나, 적절한 치료 기간과 치료 반응의 경과 판정에 대한 지침은 없는 실정이다. 저자들은 부비동염 증상을 주소로 내원하여 아스페르길루스종을 진단받고 4개월 전에 수술받은 적이 있는 당뇨 환자에서 두 개저의 침습성 아스페르길루스증을 진단하였으며, 병소의 부분적인 수술적 제거와 5개월 이상의 전신적 항진균제 사용으로 환자의 임상 경과가 호전되었으며 치료전과 치료 과정에서 시행한 갈륨스캔에서 방서성동위원소의 섭취가 점차 감소하여 일치하는 소견을 관찰할 수 있었다. 이에 저자들은 당뇨를 포함한 면역저하자에서 발생하는 아스페르길루스 부비동염은 조직 침습 유무에 대한 정확한 진단이 매우 중요하며, 추후에도 침습성 아스페르길루스증으로 진행할 수 있음을 유의해야 할 것을 강조하며, 또한, 갈륨스캔이 그러한 감별과 치료 경과 판정에 유용함을 경험하여 보고하는 바이다. Invasive aspergillosis of skull base is a rare but potentially lethal disease which complicates fungal sinusitis and requires surgical debridement, and long term antifungal therapy. However, optimal duration of antifungal therapy and standard method to monitor of clinical response are not known. A 55-year-old diabetic female patient presented with headache and otatgia 4 months after surgery for non-invasive aspergilloma of sinus. Brain MRI findings revealed bone destructions at the skull base and mastoid process. Mastoidectomy and tympanoplasty were performed, and the resected specimen showed fungal hyphae invading the tissue. Amphotericin B was given for 9 weeks (a total dose of 3.3g) with oral itraconazole, followed by itraconazole (400 ㎎ daily) alone for another 12 weeks. Serial gallium scans, taken before treatment and at 8th and 16th weeks following therapy, showed gradual reduction in uptake of the lesions. We emphasize that non-invasive Aspergillus sinusitis may progress to invasive disease, and strong suspicion of invasiveness is mandatory, especially in immunocompromised patients including diabetes mellitus. Also, we suggest that gallium scan is useful for determining the presence and extent of the disease, and monitoring clinical response following therapy.

여성 간호직 근로자의 노인부양의식

이미정,전만중,유병철,이용환 고신대학교의과대학 2008 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.23 No.4

Background : The purpose of this study was to provide the fundamental data for developing appropriate policies and programs for the elderly and reducing relevant problems through the analysis of female nurses' awareness of supporting the elderly. Method : We conducted a questionnaire survey during the period from August 2007 till October 2007. The data was collected from questionnaires filled out by 220 female nurses working at three hospitals located in Busan City. Collected data were analyzed descriptive analysis, t-test, one-way ANOVA and dummy variable regression analysis using SPSS Win(ver 12.0k) program. Result : The mean score for awareness of supporting the elderly in female nurses was 3.56 ± 0.51. Awareness of supporting the elderly was high in groups of 20-29 years group, experience of voluntary service, living together with their parents, lived with progressive home education environment and lived with harmonic family, respectively. Awareness of supporting the elderly female nurses was influenced by experience of voluntary service, living together with parents, type of parent's education, family harmony and age. Conclusion : This study showed that the level of supports displayed by female nurses was influenced by the factors such as the educational environment, the experience of living with parents and volunteer works, and harmony of family. In order to provide substantial assistance for the elderly, we need national-wide welfare system for the elderly, cultural backgrounds for volunteer work and social programs for family harmony.

혈액투석 환자들의 식염인지도와 식품섭취에 관한 연구

유정아,이용욱,김종규 대한보건협회 2000 대한보건연구 Vol.26 No.1

This study was performed to investigate the perception of salt and food intake of the outpatients with hemodialysis and to evaluate the relationship between dietary survey assessment and blood biochemical data. It was based on a nutrient analysis of food intake records and blood analysis collected from 40 hemodialysis outpatients (male 24, female 16) of a hospital in Seoul from June to October 1998. Each of the subjects provided a 24-hour recall of food intake on the previous day, frequency of consumption, and attitude about diet therapy to a trained interviewer. The subjects' salt solution preference was tested by sensory evaluation and fasting blood samples from the subjects were analyzed by a biochemicalanalyzer. Among several dietary therapy methods, most preferred limiting salt intake. Among the four basic flavors: sweet, salty, sour, and bitter, and spicy hot flavor, they preferred salty and spicy hot foods. The subjects' preferred concentration of salt solution was in the order of 0.50%>0.25%>0.75%, similar to the normal population as others have reported. Food intake frequency showed that the subjects frequently eat cereals and vegetables (2∼3 times per day), and oils and candies (1 time per day). They eat meats, fishes, eggs, legumes, milk and fruits moderately (2∼3 times per week). They eat less often potatoes, bread & biscuits (1 time per week), and meat products and salt-fermented fishes & salted vegetables (2∼3 times per month) and they rarely eat nuts. The nutrient intake of the subjects was not satisfactory, especially the energy and protein intakes were much lower than the required amounts for the subjects. Also the calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin A, B_1, B_2 and niacin intakes did not meet the recommended dietary allowance of Koreans. The sodium intake was at a normal range. In the results of the blood analysis, the hemoglobin and hematocrit levels of the subjects were much lower than the normal range. Total protein, albumin, total cholesterol, and sodium levels were at normal range. Uric acid and potassium levels were at an acceptable range. However, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, calcium and phosphorus levels were higher than the normal range. There was a significant correlation between the preference of salt solution and sodium intake in the subjects (p<0.05). A significant negative correlation between calcium intake and hemoglobin, between iron intake and serum potassium or creatinine, between protein intake and hemoglobin or hematocrit, and between vitamin B_2 intake and hematocrit were observed (p<0.05). A significant positive correlation was found between potassium intake and blood urea nitrogen (p<0.05). It seemed that the patients did not get enough information about the therapeutic diet from registered dietitians. Because of anorexia and poor intake of nutrients, most of the patients had energy and protein malnutrition. The serum sodium level of the subjects were acceptable, therefore limitation of sodium intake level which may cause the anorexia may not be necessary. These hemodialysis patients need education, adequate diet therapy, and energy rich foods based on their individual biochemical data.

가청수중음에 의한 넙치의 행동에 관한 기초적 연구 : 1.육상수조 양식장내의 환경소음

이유철,이창헌,최찬문,박용석,서두옥 제주대학교 해양연구소 1997 해양자원연구소연구보고 Vol.21 No.-

A fundamental experiment was carried out to confirm the behaviour of Bastard halibut Paralichthys olivaceus to audible underwater sound in a breeding ground around the coast of Cheju Island. To find characteristics of breeding water tank and experiment water tank. ambient noise, undcrwater noise and feeding sound of fish were measured and analyzied respectively. The results of measurement are as follows: 1. The maximum sound pressure level of ambient noise in breeding water tank was 81dB. average maximum sound level of underwater noise was 81dB at 120Hz. 2. The maximum sound pressure level of ambient noise in experiment water tank was 76dB and underwater noise was 84.2dB at 130Hz. 3. The maximum sound pressure level of feeding sound was 85dB at 120Hz.

정확한 완충기체효과가 적용된 질량분석원리에 대한 다중입자 분석 전산시늉

이유용,이원욱,오차환,김필수,송석호 한양대학교 자연과학연구소 2001 自然科學論文集 Vol.20 No.-

질량분석기로 사용되는 폴 트랩 내에서 보다 실제적인 이온운동을 예측해내기 위하여 약 2천 개의 다중입자의 궤적에 대한 계산을 실시하였다. 보다 정확한 질량 분석스펙트럼을 얻기 위하여 충돌확률에 대한 보다 정확하고 실질적인 함수 값을 도입하였다. 계산된 전산시늉의 결과들로부터 특히 작은 질량의 영역에 대한 분석을 할 경우 본 논문에서 제시된 바와 같이 매우 정확한 충돌확률이 고려되어야 함을 확인할 수 있었다. To predict the practical characteristics of ion motion in the paul trap as a mass spectrometer, the ion trajectories of the multi-particle(over than 2000 particles) were calculated. In order to expect more practical mass spectrum, the exact expressions for the collision probability was adopted. From the simulation result, we found that the exact collision probability has to be considered to analyze the materials existed in the low mass region.

短杭의 引拔低抗力과 SCALE EFFECT에 關한 實驗的 硏究

李裕根,尹龍喆,李炯來 진주산업대학교 1992 論文集 Vol.31 No.-

本 實驗은 杭의 직경을 변화시킨 경우 短杭의 引拔低抗力 實驗的으로 考察했다. 다음은 杭基礎의 引拔低抗力 實驗을 행한 결과를 요약한 것이다. 引拔低抗力과 變位量과의 關係에 있어서 地盤의 다짐정도에 따라 전체적 경향이 다르게 나타났다. 이는 전단대발생 Pattern의 차이가 원인인 것으로 생각할 수 있었지만 여기에 대한 상세한 것은 금후 발표할 예정이다. 그리고 地盤의 다짐정도가 클수록 限界 引拔低抗力은 根入深에 대해서 一次函數的으로 증가했지만 杭의 직경이 클수록 감소했다. 이는 杭의 Scale effect가 원인인 것으로 생각할 수 있지만 금후 상세한 검토를 행할 필요가 있다. 本 實驗에 있어서는 杭의 直徑 43㎜경우를 제외하면 Loose sand상태에 대해서만 實驗을 행하고 지금까지 연구발표된 결과를 토대로 고찰을 행했지만 금후 Dense sand 상태에서의 실험도 행할 필요가 있다. 또 실제 전단대발생에 의한 진행성파괴에 대해서 상세히 고찰할 필요가 있다. The uplift capacity and the scale effect of short piles are important to the rational design of pile foundation. Therefore, this paper discribes the results of an experimental consideration on the uplift capacity and scale effect of short pile. The Pile used in the pull-out test is the cylindrical concrete piles. Pile diameter is 43㎜, 66㎜ and 83㎜. The pile length of embedment is 20㎝~40㎝. Pull-out tests were carried out using sand have two densities : loose these results, the following conclusions were obtained : The rate of increase in ultimate uplift capacity become larger due to the increase in the pile length of the embedment and the unit weight of sand. The larger the pile diameter is, the larger ultimate uplift capacity increases. The larger the pile diameter is, the smaller ultimate uplift capacity per unit area decreases.