단계적 온도 하강법을 이용한 췌도세포 냉동보존법

정인경,오승훈,김병준,양태영,이병완,하창영,노정현,정재훈,민용기,이명식,이문규,김광원 대한당뇨병학회 2002 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.26 No.1

연구배경:최근 당뇨병의 새로운 치료법으로 시도되고 있는 췌도이식은 충분한 췌도수의 확보와 췌도생존율을 높이기 위한 면역억제제 사용이 제한점이 되고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 이식 전 충분한 췌도 수의 확보를 위해 분리한 췌도를 냉동보존하는 방법을 확립하고 냉동보존한 백서 췌도세포의 시험관내 그리고 생체내 기능을 조사하였다. 방법:분리한 백서의 췌장소도를 48시간 배양한 후 한 시험관당 췌도세포 1000개씩 나누었다. 냉동보존은 6개의 시험관에 DMSO를 첨가한 후 초 냉각(supercooling), 핵화(nucleation)단계를 거친 후 99% isopropanol과 액체질소가 들어있는 dewer를 이용하여-0.25℃/분의 냉각속도로 -40℃까지 단계적으로 얼린후-70℃ 액체질소 탱크에 보관했다. 해동은 냉동시킨 vial들을 액체 질소 태으에서 꺼내 37℃ 항온조에 담가 급격히 해동시킨 후, 원심분리하여 상층액을 제거하고 각 vial에 0.75M sucrose 용액을 가한 후, 10% fetal calf serum이 함유된 RPMI 1640 media에서 배양하였다 각각 6개의 시험관에서 해동한 췌도들을 광학현미경 및 형광현미경하에서 췌도의 모양과 생존율에 대해 조사하고 인슐린 정적반응을 알아보았다. 또한 분리한 췌도를 냉동보존하지 않고 이식한 경우를 대조군(6마리)과 생체내 기능을 비교하였다. 결과:① 냉동보존후 획득한 췌도의 수와 생존율 해동후 획득한 췌도의 수는 해동시킨 당일날이 902±21, 24시간 배양 후에는 857±16, 72시간 후에는 817±18개로 점차 감소되었다. AO/PI 염색상 각 췌도의 생존율은 냉동 전을 100으로 하였을 때 해동당일, 24시간 후, 72시간 후가 각각 60±5, 80±5, 90±5%로 해동후 3일간 배양하였을 때 냉동전의 수준으로 회복하였다. ② 냉동보존후 췌도의 포도당에 대한 정적 인슐린 분비능:냉동직후 감소된 경향을 보였으나 해동후 3일간 배양한 췌도의 인슐린 분비는 냉동전과 통계적으로 의미있는 차이가 없이 냉동보존 전의 수준으로 회복되었다. ③ 냉동보존후 췌도의 포도당에 대한 동적 인슐린 분비능:냉동보존한 췌도를 해동후 3일째의 인슐린 동적 분비능은 냉동 전과 마찬가지로 자극 인슐린의 반응의 제1기와 2기가 잘 관찰되었다. ④ 냉동보존한 췌도세포 이식 후 혈당 변화:스트렙토조토신으로 유도된 당뇨병 쥐에 췌도이식 후 혈당은 냉동보존한 췌도이식군에서 대조군에 비해 혈당의 조절효과가 더 오래 지속되었다. 결론:소동물에서 단계적 온도 하강법을 이용한 췌도세포 냉동보존법을 확립하였으며 이는 기능, 구조 및 생존율에 큰 이상을 보이지 않았으므로 장차 사람의 췌도세포 동종이식시 부족한 췌도세포수를 극복하고 면역반응을 줄일 수 있는 매우 유용한 방법이 될 것으로 판단된다. Background : Although islet transplantation has been attempted to reverse the state of diabetes, achieving a critical number of islets and modulating the immune response limit the success of islet transplantation. Cryo-preservation of islets offers many important benefits for islet transplantation by collecting islets with a wide variety of HLA phenotypes and islet MHC expression. The aims of this study was to determine the optimal conditions for cryo-preservation by using a controlled cooling method and to evaluate in vitro and in vivo functional properties of the cryo-preserved islets. Methods : Collagenase-isolated, Ficoll-purified islets were cultured for 48 hours. They were aliquoted into freezing tubes (1000 islets per tube), equilibrated with 2M dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in three steps, supercooled, nucleated, and controll-cooled at rate of 0.25℃/min to - 40℃ prior to storage at - 196℃. Rapid thawing and removal of DMSO with 0.75 M sucrose preceded 48 hour of culture and the morphology, viability, glucose-induced insulin secretion, and in vivo function of rats transplanted with cryopreserved islets was reexamined. Results : ① Recovery was 90.2±0.2%, 85.7±0.1% and 81.7±0.1% immendiately after, 24 hours and 72 hours after thawing respectively. The viability was 60±5%, 80±5%, 90±5% immediately after, 24 hours and 72 hours after thawing respectively. ② The glucose-stimulated-insulin secretion (GSIS) tended to decrease immediately after thawing, but GSIS increase to the level of pre-cryopreservation 72 hours after thawing. ③ The in dynamic GSIS, the first and the second phase of insulin secretion were well preserved in islets cultured for 72 hours after thawing. ④ The cryopreserved islets were cultured for 3 days and transplanted into renal sub-capsular space of streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. The duration of normoglycemia in the STZ-induced diabetic rats transplanted with cryopreserved islets was significantly longer than of the fresh islets. Conclusion : The optimal condition of cryopreservation using the controlled cooling method was established in rat pancreatic islets. This cryopreservation method can be a feasible approach for human islet transplantation (J Kor Diabetes Asso 26:64~74, 2002).

위암환자의 복강내에 투여한 Mitomycin C-Carbon Particle의 Mitomycin 용출에 관한 연구

노승무,조영훈,정경수,오정연,김진향,양준묵,강대영,송규상,조준식,최선웅,이진호,민병무,김용백,김창식,박근성,인현빈,정현용,김학용 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.1

Locoregional recurrence is the most common type of recurrence in surgical operation of gastric adenocarcinoma, and peritoneal dissemination is one of the most difficult problems in advanced gastric adenocarcinoma treatment. Because the peritoneal cavity is the most common site of the first recurrence after gastric cancer resection, intraperitoneal chemotherpy seems a logical choice for cancer chemotherapy. The Mitomycin C(MMC) adsorbed by the activated charcoal particles(CH) is relatively released when the drug concentration surrounding the carbon particles becomes low in the peritoneum of the peritoneal cavity. For the intraperitoneal chemotherapy on the advanced gastric adenocarcnoma, mitomycin C adsorbed on activated carbon particles was administered in the peritoneal cavity just before abdominal wall closure. The closed drainage tubes were inserted in the peritoneal cavity and clamped for tuo hours after completion of operation. MMC concentrations were serially measured in peritoneal fluid, plasma and urine at 2hour, 48 hour, 72 hour and 168 hour following its administration in order to study the efficacy of the MMC-CH as a drug delivery system. There were minimal toxicities in born marrow, liver, and gastrointestinal system after intraperitoneal MMC-CH administration. The data of this study suggested that MMC-CH may have a somewhat more beneficial effect than surgery alone when administered in optimal dose and schedules, but the MMC concentration of the peritoneal fluid was not sufficient to eradicate remnant cancer cells, and effective duration of maintenance was only below 24 hours in the peritoneal fluid and plasma.

개념과 동사간의 상호정보를 이용하는 개념 기반 한국어 대화체 파싱

노서영,서영훈 충북대학교 컴퓨터 정보통신 연구소 1998 컴퓨터정보통신연구 Vol.6 No.2

한국어 대화체 분석 시스템의 성능에 가장 큰 영향을 주는 것은 탐색공간의 생성이다. 탐색공간의 생성은 개념기반 한국어 대화체 분석에서도 발생하는데 이를 해결하는 것이 전체적인 시스템 성능을 향상시키는 중요한 요소가 된다. 대화체 발화문으로부터 불필요한 탐색공간을 제거할 수 있는 방법이 존재한다면 시스템의 성능향상에 크게 기여하게 될 것이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제점을 해결하고자 개념에 기반 되어서 작성된 문법을 통해서 얻어진 동사정보를 구성하여 단일 최상위 레벨 개념들로 분리하고 이를 가장 최소 개수의 최상위 레벨 개념으로 제한해서 제한된 개념으로 대화체 토큰열을 전사시키는 방법을 제시하였다. 그 결과 기존 탐색공간의 40%정도의 탐색공간을 제약할 수 있었다. One of the most important problems for efficiency in concept-based Korean spoken language parsing is how to reduce search space for parsing. This paper describes a parsing strategy to remove unnecessary parsing paths using mutual information between upper-level concept and verbal information. At any state, the parser refers mutual information, and then chooses only high potential rules to get successful parses. Currently we apply only the mutual information between top-level concepts and verbs in parsing. Experiment shows our parsing strategy searches space 40% less than general parsing strategies.

고도정수처리 공정에서의 천연유기물질 특성변화 및 소독부산물 전구물질의 제거특성 평가

노재순,손희종,박은주,황영도,최동훈,배석문,신판세 慶星大學校 環境問題硏究所 2002 環境硏報 Vol.12 No.1

In this research the movement and apparent molecular weight distribution of hydrophilic/hydrophobic organic matters in advanced water treatment process were investigated using the raw water of Maeri area, located in downstream of Nakdong river, and the variation of the disinfection by-product formation potential was also investigated. In the raw water used in experiments, the content of BDOC (biodegradable dissolved organic carbon) in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) was about 39%, and this value is far above a normal, Pre-ozone treatment showed an increase of 40% in the BDOC content, and this means that biodegradability was remarkably increased by ozone treatment BDOC concentration in BAC treated water was 0.09 mg/L, which means 84% of BDOC removal rate compared with that in post-ozone treated water. The variation of chlorine disinfection by-product formation potential in each process unit of water treatment process was analyzed. TOXFP concentration in raw water was 449 ㎍/L, and the contents of THMFP and HAAFP among TOXFP were 24% and 23%, respectively. The removabilities of these materials BAC process had an order of TOXFP > HAAFP > THMFP. BAC process was less effective for THMFP than others. The distribution of hydrophilic organic matters were evaluated in each treatment process. Hydrophilic and hydrophobic matters in the raw water had a ratio of 50 : 50, and the ozone treatment decreased the content of hydrophobic matters. The BAC treatment made the ratio 85:15. These mean that the removal of hydrophilic matters is more difficult than that of hydrophobic materials in water treatment process. In addition the portions of humic and fulvic acid in hydrophobic matters were analyzed. Fulvic acid a large portion among hydrophobic matters in the raw water, and the portion was 78%. Ozone treatment was more effective on the removal of fulvic acid than humic acid. After BAC treatment, the concentration of residual fulvic acid was high than humic acid. Chlorine disinfection by-product formation for hydrophilic and hydrophobic mattrts was compared in each process unit. in the raw water TOXFP and THMFP formation for hydrophobic matter was higher, and HAAFP was highly formated for hydrophobic matter. After post-ozone or BAC treatment, chlorine disinfection by-product formation has high potential for hydrophobic matters. Comparing humic and fulvic acids, chlorine disinfection by-product formation potential was higher for humic acid than for fulvic acid in all processes. In the comparison of the reactivity with chlorine disinfection by-product per unit DOC, THMFP and DOXFP showed higher reactivity with hydrophobic matter than with hydrophilic matter in all processes, and HAAFP was highly reacitive with hydrophilic matter. Apparent molecular weight distributions of organic matters were investigated in each process step.The content of low molecular weight organic matters less than 1000 Da in DOC was high in all processes except raw water, but molecular weight organic matters more than 1000 da was higher than molecular weight organic matters less than 1000 Da in the formation potential of chlorine disinfection by-product.

고주파 인버터를 이용한 고효율 오존발생기의 특성에 관한 연구

김영훈,노인배,우성훈,우정인 東亞大學校 2002 東亞論叢 Vol.39 No.-

Recently deep interests and attractions have been paid on the generation of ozone with environment polisy. Especially, which is widely used to remove bad smell and to clear water. This paper presents control and performance of a voltage source IGBT inverter developed for silent corona discharge type ozonizer. And proposed addition circuit for maintain discharge the center of in the airgap. In this paper, schemed equivalent electric circuit of the discharge eletrode for simulation. Finally, the effectiveness of this discharge tube character of ozonizer is investigated in the simulation and experimental results.

Methylprednisolone 및 Levamisole 투여가 Bovine Gamma-Globulin으로 초래된 생쥐의 IgA 신병증에 미치는 영향

이광도,노은석,고철우,구자훈,송경은,김용진 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1996 慶北醫大誌 Vol.37 No.4

목적 : 본 연구는 생쥐를 대상으로 실험적 IgA 신병을 유발시키고 부신피질제재 및 levamisole 등의 면역제재를 투여하여 이들 약제의 IgA 신병증에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 시행하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 실험동물은 체중 20-30gm 생쥐로서 암수 구별없이 사용하였다. 실험에 사용한 Bovine Gamma-Globulin (BGG, Sigma, U.S.A.)은 0.1% 농도로 식수에 섞어 매일 섭취시켰으며 제Ⅰ군은 BGG만을 섭취시켰고, 제Ⅱ군은 BGG섭취와 같은 시기부터 methylprednisolone을 격일로 존대를 통하여 경구 투여하였으며, 제Ⅲ군은 BGG 섭취와 같은 시기부터 levamisole을 격일로 존대를 통하여 경구 투여하였다. 실험 제 100일째 실험동물을 도살하고 신장을 적출하여 병리조직학적 검사를 시행하였다. 결과 : 실험개시후 100일째에 채취한 혈액검사상 혈청 BUN과 creatinine치는 각군간에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 병리조직학적 변화는 광학현미경 소견상 세군 모두에서 사구체의 미세한 변화만이 관찰되었다. 전자현미경적 소견은 세군 모두에서 기저막의 비후는 없었으며 족돌기도 잘 유지되어 있었다. 기저막쪽으로 향한 메산지움 영역에서 전자밀도가 높은 침착물이 흔히 관찰되었다. 면역형광현미경적 소견은 형광물질의 강약에 따라 약양성 (+), 중등도 양성 (++) 및 강양성(+++) 으로 구분하였다. 제Ⅰ군에서 형광물질은 IgA에서만 실험동물 9마리 모두에서 관찰되었다. 반면 IgM. IgG및 C_3는 모두 음성이었다. 면역형광물질은 모두 메산지움 및 기저막 일부에서 관찰되었으며 과립형이었다. 특히 강양성으로 보인 경우는 5마리였다. 제Ⅱ군에서도 결과는 같았으나 강양성은 20마리중 8마리였다. 역시 IgG, IgM, C_3는 음성이었다. 제 Ⅲ군에서도 결과는 같았으며 강양성은 20마리중 11마리였다. IgG, IgM은 모두 음성이었으며 단지 1마리에서 C_3가 약양성이었다. 결론 : 본 연구결과에 의하면 BGG투여로 초래되는 생쥐에서의 IgA 신병증의 실험모델에서는 methylprednisolone과 levamisole은 신장조직 소견상 IgA 침착정도나 병변의 경중에는 그 차이를 보이지 않았다. The pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy, first described by Berger and Hinglais in 1968. has not been defined clearly and appropriate treatment modality also not established. Present study has been conducted to induce IgA nephropathy in experimental animal and to see the effectiveness of methylprednisolone and levamisole on the experimentally induced IgA nephropathy. Mice weighing 20-30gm were used as experimental animal and Bovine gamma-globulin (BGG) (Sigma U.S.A.) was given as 0.1% drinking solution (Group Ⅰ). Group Ⅱ received methylprednisolone (5㎎/㎏) and Group Ⅲ levamisole (5㎎/㎏) on alternate day in addition to BGG-containing solution. On the 100th day of experiment, animals were sacrificed and blood chemistries and renal histopathologic examinations were done. Histopathologic examination: In all three groups, light microscopic, electron-microscopic and immunofluorescent microscopic findings were similar. Light microscopy showed mild focal mesangial proliferation and electron microscopy showed electron-dense materials deposited in the mesangial area near the basement membrane. Immuriofluorescent stain using fluorescin isothiocyanate goat anti-mouse IgA (Biodesign, U.S.A.) demonstrated prominent IgA staining in the mesangial area in all three group. Staining with IgG, IgM and C_3 were all negative. In conclusion, present experiment did not show any effectiveness of methylprednisolone nor levamisole on the BGG-induced IgA nephropathy in mice. And the effectiveness and its acting mechanism of methylprednisolone on human IgA nephropathy has to be studied further.

인터넷 기반 가상공장 개발

공상훈,노상도,이교일,한영근 한국경영과학회 1998 한국경영과학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.- No.1

Virtual factory is an integrated computer based model which represents the physical and logical schema and the behavior of a real factory. In this research, a virtual factory which consists of product data model, manufacturing resource model, factory simulation model and virtual manufacturing has been developed using Java language and VRML on internet. Basic architecture of the virtual factory on internet is proposed and manufacturing/product database and simulation model are constructed. This programmable factory on internet can be useful for testing many strategies in manufacturing research and education.

전반적발달장애 아동 및 발달성언어장애 아동의 뇌 단일광자방출전산화단층촬영 소견에 대한 예비연구

이호분,신의진,육기환,유영훈,노경선,송동호 대한소아ㆍ청소년정신의학회 1997 소아청소년정신의학 Vol.8 No.2

검도 머리치기 유형에 따른 상지의 근전도 비교 분석

장언량,박영훈,염창홍,서국웅,노석규 한국운동역학회 2004 한국운동역학회지 Vol.14 No.3

E. R. JANG, Y. H. PARK, C. H. YOUM, K. W. SEO, S. J. NOH. Study of the forearm EMG activities during Kumdo head striking. Korean Journal of Sport Biomechanics, Vol. 14, No. 3, pp. 219-233, 2004. The purpose of this study was to compare the EMG activities of four-forearm muscles during Kumdo head striking. The four skilled and unskilled Kumdo club members were selected from D university in B city. Investigated muscles were left brachioradialis, right brachioradialis and left flexor carpi radialis, right flexor carpi radialis. Raw EMG data were collected during the head striking motions and the average EMG were calculated by the frame width of 0.05s, and then the average %MVC were calculated. The average %MVC values of each muscle in each group were compared. The results are as follows. 1) In each group, there were no significant statistical differences between every muscle over the all phases. 2) There were significant differences, however, between skilled group and unskilled group. The former got higher average %MVC at left flexor carpi radialis and the latter at right brachioradialis in the ready phase and in the impact phase.

Development of Petroleum-Based Carbon Composite Materials Containing Graphite/silicon Particles and Their Application to Lithium Ion Battery Anodes

Noh, Soon-Young,Kim, Young-Hoon,Lee, Chul-Wee,Yoon, Song-Hun The Korean Electrochemical Society 2011 Journal of electrochemical science and technology Vol.2 No.2

Herein, a novel preparation method of highly homogeneous carbon-silicon composite materials was presented. In contrast to conventional solvent evaporation method, a milled silicon-graphite or its oxidized material were directly reacted with petroleum-derived pitch precursor. After thermal reaction under high pressure, pitch-graphite-silicon composite was prepared. Carbon-graphite-silicon composite were prepared by an air-oxidization and following carbonization. From energy dispersive spectroscopy, it was observed that small Si particles were highly embedded within carbon, which was confirmed by disappearance of Si peaks in Raman spectra. Furthermore, X-ray diffraction and Raman spectra revealed that carbon crystallinity decreased when the strongly oxidized silicon-graphite was added, which was probably due to oxygen-induced cross-linking. From the anode application in lithium ion batteries, carbon-graphite-silicon composite anode displayed a high capacity ($565\;mAh\;g^{-1}$), a good initial efficiency (68%) and an good cyclability (88% retention at 50 cycles), which were attributed to the high dispersion of Si particles within cabon. In case of the strongly oxidized silicongraphite addtion, a decrease of reversible capacity was observed due to its low crystallinity.