서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1998)

김재홍,김준호,반재용,이정우,황성주,정준규,정성태,강진문,조흔정,홍창의,정혜신,이한승,김이선,이봉길,이종호,선영우,한기덕,윤성필,이성훈,안종성,박석범,문승현,조항래,김형섭,류지호,황재영,박준홍,손상욱 한양대학교 의과대학 2001 한양의대 학술지 Vol.21 No.1

In recent years, gonorrhea has been pandemic and remains one of the most common STDs in the world, especially in developing countries. For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of Penicillinase Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae(PPNG), we have been trying to study the patients who have visited the Venereal Disease Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by menas of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. In 1998, 93 strians of N. genorrhoeae were isolated, among which 60(64.5%) were PPNG. The prevalence of PPNG in Seoul, which had been decreased to 39% in 1996 after a peak of 74.3% in 1993, is increased to 64.5% in 1998.

강원도 화천군 수달(Lutra lutra) 서식지의 식생 구조

서형수 ( Hyung Soo Seo ),신영섭 ( Young Seob Shin ),이경은 ( Kyung Eun Lee ),김윤미 ( Yoon Mi Kim ),전미나 ( Mina Jeon ),남택우 ( Taek Woo Nam ),한성용 ( Sung Yong Han ),정연숙 ( Yeonsook Choung ) 한국하천호수학회 2014 생태와 환경 Vol.47 No.special

In order to determine whether vegetation would be one of the factors for the selection of otter home range, vegetation structure and other potential factors were studied in Hwacheon, Korea. Thirteen sites, otter’s activity found and not found, were investigated in North Han River and connected tributary streams of Hwacheon-gun. Three types of vegetation were classified by cluster analysis, which is short grass, tall grass and shrub type. Vegetation zone of each channel is composed of either one type, or mosaic of tall grass and shrub type. Short grass type is common in Lake Paro and upper North Han-river where water level is highly variable throughout a year. Therefore, annual species such as Persicaria nodosa, Fimbristylis dichotomam and Chenopodium ficifolium are the most dominant. Shrub type is common at the downstream sites of Jichon stream and along mainstream of North Han River down Lake Paro. A shrub species, Salix koreensis, is the most common. Tall grass type is dominant occupying the most vegetation zone of the tributary channels. Phragmites japonica is absolutely dominant. Due to its dense cover, a few plant species are co-existed. Otter activity was found in all three vegetation types and no marked activity was found at some sites of tall grass type. There is no difference in species composition and physiognomy between tall grass sites with and without otter activity, while it shows significant difference in fish availability between two groups. Overall we found that home range of otters in the region is along the mainstream and downstream of tributary streams with high fish availability in all vegetation types and in various human activity levels.

DOC의 K-7 Mode에 의한 배기가스 저감에 관한 연구

한영출,백두성,오용석,박만재,박귀열,류규현 韓國工作機械學會 2000 한국생산제조학회지 Vol.9 No.3

With the significant growth of the number of vehicles, environmental problems is raised. NOx, SOx, and PM emissions in diesel powered vehicles are larger than that in gasoline, because the development of pollutants reduction techniques has no: been yet achieved. So it is need to develop after-treatment or to convert into alternative fuel to satisfy emission regula-tion. Among the after-treatment systems to reduce the diesel emissions, studies with diesel oxidation catalyst(DOC) are done greatly. In this study using DOC, reduction efficiency with the change of temperature and catalyst loading was calculated through measurements of CO, HC, PM, and SOx.

동맥경화증의 예방과 치료를 위한 영양과 운동처방

한성섭,김용재,백영호 釜山大學校 附設 體育科學硏究所 1994 體育科學硏究所 論文集 Vol.10 No.-

1) Risk factors of aterosclerosis is Hypertension, hyperlipidermia, diabetes, obesity, physical inactivity and excessive smoking. Aterosclerosis begins at young age and worsens with age, particularty more so in men than women. For people with risk factors of atherosclerosis, it is important to prevent atherosclerosis-related disease with dietary, living pattern and exercise prescription. 2) Ditary fibers promote exercise of the digestive tract and shortens the time food remains inside the digestive tract. It can prevent obesity, hyperlipidermia, aterosclerosis and colon cancer by blocking the absorption of cholesterol. Various vegetables and sea foods are rich in unsaturated fats and can act prevent the absorption of cholesterol inside the digestive tract. 3) Occurrence of Coronary Heart Disease can largely be attributed to blood serum cholesterol. Particular attention should be paid to the increase of LDL cholesterol and decrease of HDL cholesterol as risk factors(If overall cholesterol/HDL cholesterol is below 3.5, it should be brought up to just below 4.5). HDL cholesterol is a lipo-protein that prevents atherosclerosis. 4) People with blood pressure of 160mmHg/90mmHg or higher shows 5 times higher rate of occurrence of atherosclerosis-related disease than people with normal blood pressure of 140mmHg/90mmHg, and smokers of a pack a day shoes 3-5times higher rate of occurrence than non-smokers. 5) Essential fatty acids and unsaturated fats, which are contained in vegetable oils, promotes metabolism while preventing absorption. In fruits, pectin, water-soluble fiber, is present and lowers the level of cholesterol. By consuming foods that are low in cholesterol and saturated fats, and rich in unsaturated fats, aliomentotherapy alone can reduce the plasma cholesterol by 10-15%. 6) For patients with LDL cholesterol level of 190mmHg/dl or higher, or LDL level of 160mmHg/dl or higher, and two or more rusk factors, drug therapy should be considered. The LDL cholesterol level should be kept below 130mmHg/dl and, desirably lower if possible. If the patient already has coronary heart disease, LDL cholesterol should even be lowered to and kept at below 100mmHg/dl. In treating high cholesterol, it is effective to use Resin and Lovastatin together or Lovastatin in combination. 7) Regular exercise is effective in preventing coronary arterial disease such as angina pectoris and infaction, inside it can lower the blood pressure and aids in weight control and release of stress. 8) For ideal exercise, it should be aerobic with Intensity of 60-80%HRmax(50-70%VO₂max), duration of 15-60min/day. The frequency of 3-6/week is desirable the better exercise prescription is endureance aerobic exercise. To get more effect exercise, exercise consistency very important.

유리폐기물과 하수슬러지 소각재의 고형화 처리연구

한상목,신대용,윤봉구,김승겸 강원대학교 부설 석재복합신소재 제품연구센터 2002 석재연 논문집 Vol.7 No.-

하수슬러지 소각재, 폐유리분말 및 고로슬래그의 고형화에 의하여 건자재를 제조하였다. 하수슬러지 소각재는 SiO_2와 Al_2O_3가 75 wt%, Fe_2O_3가 8.21 wt%, 폐유리분말은 SiO_2 71.4 wt%, Na_2O 14.43 wt% 및 CaO 9.32 wt%, 고로슬래그는 SiO_2 33.4 wt%, CaO 41 wt% 및 Al_2O_3 14.5 wt%를 함유하여 세라믹스 제조원료로 사용이 가능하였다. 하수슬러지를 800℃에서 2시간 하소한 무기질분말을 분쇄하여 하수슬러지 소각재를 제조하였다. 30∼70 wt%의 하수슬러지 소각재, 30∼70 wt%의 폐유리분말 및 10∼30 wt%의 고로슬래그를 혼함하여 950∼1,100℃에서 2시간 소성하여 시편을 제조하였다. 하수슬러지 소각재 첨가량이 감소하고 폐유리분말의 첨가량과 소성온도가 증가하면 부피비중과 압축강도는 증가하였으나 기공률과 흡수율은 감소하였다. 1,050℃에서 소성한 시편(No. 1, 3, 5 및 7)의 부피비중은 1.70∼1.83, 기공률과 흡수율은 0.3∼2.4% 및 0.1∼1.5%, 압축강도 272∼323 kgf/㎠을 나타내었다. 고로슬래그를 첨가하여 1,100℃로 소성한 시편(No. 8, 9, 및 10)의 부피비중은 1.82∼2.11 및 압축강도는 350∼671 kgf/㎠이었다. 하수슬러지 소각재, 고로슬래그 및 시편의 중금속출량은 매립지 침출수배출 허용기준치보다 낮아, 본 연구에서 제조한 시편은 주변 환경에 해가 없어 건자재로의 이용이 가능하였다. An experimental study for the constructional material by solidification using sewage sludge ash, waste glass powder and blast furnace slag was carried out in the senses of waste materials disposal and utilization. The reusability of sewage sludge ash, waste glass powder and blast furnace slag as a raw material in the manufacturing process of ceramics was highly expected because the chemical compositions of these waste materials were mostly SiO_2 and Al_2O_3. Sewage sludge ash was fabricated by calcined at 800℃ for 2 hours and obtained by the crushing. The mixture of 30∼70wt% of sewage sludge ash, 30∼70 wt% of waste glass powder and 10∼30 wt% of blast furnace slag were heated at 950∼1,100℃ for 2 hours. The density and the compressive strength of specimen increased with increasing the sintering temperature and decreasing the addition amount of sewage sludge ash, No. 1, 3, 5 and 7 specimens showed the bulk density of 1.70∼1.83, porosity of 0.3∼2.4%, water absorption of 0.1∼1.5% and compressive strength of 272∼323kgf/㎠. And, that of the No. 7 specimen heated at 1,100℃ increased with increasing the addition amount of blast furnace slag, and for No. 8, 9 and 10 specimens, bulk density was 1.82∼2.11 and compressive strength was 350∼671 kgf/㎠. An extraction test for specimen to detect toxic materials showed below the permitted standard of land-filling extractable heavy metal contents. It was founded that the specimen were useful for the constructional materials.

리눅스를 기반으로 한 홈오토메이션 서버의 구현

성한용,김규칠,방철원,김용석 江原大學校 産業技術硏究所 2002 産業技術硏究 Vol.22 No.B

It becomes common to use computers to control electronic devices and security facilities in newly constructed buildings and house. There are many home application devices in the market which can be controlled by computers. But they are expensive and managed by specialized companies. This paper is focused on personal computers which are available in most homes and can be used to control home electronic appliances and home security facilities. We implemented a home automation server based on Linux. The standard parallel port of personal computer is used to connect sensors and actuators. Therefore, the cost of the server is very low. Moreover, the server is connected to Internet and anywhere we can control and monitor the home security facilities and home automation systems.

감성돔, Acanthopagrus schlegeli의 종묘생산 및 성분화에 미치는 영향

한종석,김용구,라성주,윤호섭,이원교,김정,최상덕 國立 麗水大學校 環境問題硏究所 2002 環境硏究論文集 Vol.5 No.-

This study was carried out to produce the seeding of the larvae and juvenile of black sea bream, Acanthopagrus schlegeli in terms of artificial hatching, feeding behavior and growth rate in each factor. Total length of black sea bream larvae hatched was 2.57±0.35mm and after 50 days, total length was 22.08±3.74mm, 49.7% in survival rate. This research was conduced to confirm the effect of tributyltin and 2,4-dinitrophenol on the sex differentiation in Black Sea bream, Acanthopagrus schlegeli. Fish were reared of oral administration of tributyltin at 0.05, 0.5, 5㎍/g and 2,4-dinitrophenol at nominak concentration of 0.05, 0.5, 5, 50㎍/g diet from 156 days to 185 days after hatching. In the process of the differentiation until 156 days after hatching, gonads were composed testis. In contrast, 185 days after hatching, testis were composed of a number of spermatogonia and sperm duct. The female in the control in which sex differentiation of Acanthopagrus schlegeil was normally conducted was 100%. The experimental unit of estradiol-17β, it was 100% in 0.05㎍/g diet concentration, which was similar to the sex ratio of the control. And it was 100% in 0.5㎍/g diet concentration. In each experimental unit with 5, 50㎍/g diet concentrations, every individuals of them differentiated to males. About the experimental unit of tributyltin, the females were 100%, 100%, 100%, 100% and 100% in 0.05㎍/g, 0.5,㎍/g, 5㎍/g and 50㎍/g diet concentrations, respectively. About the experimental unit of 2,4-dinitrophenol, the males were 100% tn 0.05, 0.5, 5, 50㎍/g diet concentrations, respectively.

침전법에 의한 CaCO₃:Sn^(2+) 형광체의 합성

한상목,신대용,윤봉구 강원대학교 부설 석재복합신소재 제품연구센터 2004 석재연 논문집 Vol.9 No.-

침전법을 이용하여 CaCO₃를 합성한 후, 활성제로서 Sn^(2+)를 도핑하여 CaCO₃:Sn^(2+) 형광체를 합성하고 결정상과 형상 및 Sn^(2+) 첨가량에 따른 형광특성을 조사하였다. CaCl₂·2H₂O-(NH₄)₂CO₃수용액에 NH₄OH를 첨가하여 pH가 증가하면 입자의 응집이 관찰되지 않고 vaterite상이 장시간 안정하게 존재하였으며 pH 11에서는 1~3㎛의 순수한 구형 vaterite상이 얻어졌다. Vaterite인 구형 CaCO₃:Sn^(2+) 형광체와 열처리한 구형의 calcite형 CaCO₃:Sn^(2+) 형광체는 230 nm에서 최대로 여기되어 465 nm에서 최대 발광강도를 나타내었다. 합성된 CaCO₃:Sn^(2+) 형광체는 결정상과 관계없이 SnCl₂·2H₂O의 첨가량이 2 mol%일 때 가장 강한 발광강도를 나타내었으며, 능면체의 calcite형 CaCO₃:Sn^(2+)형광체는 열처리하여 안정화된 구형의 calcite CaCO₃:Sn^(2+) 형광체와 구형의 vaterite형 CaCO₃:Sn^(2+) 형광체에 비해 높은 발광강도를 나타내었다. Vaterite type of CaCO₃ was synthesized by using the precipitation method(CaCl₂-(NH₄)₂CO₃ system) with addition of NH₄OH at different temperature, time, pH and concentration. As a result, pure vaterite having spherical shape(0.1~10 ㎛ in size) was formed at the condition of high pH(>11) and high concentration(>5 M). CaCO₃:Sn^(2+) phosphors(spherical vaterite) were synthesized at CaCl₂-SnCl₂-(NH₄)₂CO₃-NH₄OH system. CaCO₃:Sn^(2+) phosphors(spherical vaterite) were transformed to CaCO₃:Sn^(2+) phosphors(spherical calcite) by heating at 550℃ for 10 min. The Particle sizes of CaCO₃:Sn^(2+) phosphors(rhombohedral calcite) and CaCO₃:Sn^(2+) phosphors (spherical vaterite) were 10~15 ㎛ and 1~3 ㎛ respectively. The excitation spectrum of CaCO₃:Sn^(2+) phosphors(spherical vaterite and spherical calcite) exhibited a maximum peak intensity at 230 nm with a narrow absorption band from 220 nm to 240 nm. At the excitation spectrum of 275nm, the emission spectrum of CaCO₃:Sn^(2+) phosphor (rhombohedral calcite) with SnCl₂of 2 mol% exhibited a maximum peak intensity at 465 nm of bright blue fluorescence. Also, the emission spectrum of CaCO₃:Sn^(2+) phosphors(spherical vaterite, spherical calcite) exhibited a maximum peak intensity at 465 nm but exhibited weak peak intensity than CaCO₃:Sn^(2+) phosphors(rhombohedral calcite).

상아질형성부전증에 대한 증례보고

한강석,이상호,최용성 大韓小兒齒科學會 1993 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.20 No.2

Dentinogenesis imperfecta is inherited as a single autosomal dominant trait. Clinical features of dentinogenesis imperfecta is one in which the primary and permanent teeth are a characteristic reddish brown to gray opalescent color. Enamel is usually brokedown and exposed soft dentin abrades rapidly. Radiographs show slender roots and bulbous crown. The pulp chamber is small and pulp canals are small and ribbon-like. A 8-year-old and 9-year-old brother with complaint of abnormal crown shape and color of the teeth came to department of Pediatric Dentistry for complete rehabilitation. Family history revealed the wearing the complete denture due to premature loss of permanent teeth is several relatives. The obtained results were as follow. 1. Teeth showed yellowish brown color. The crown of teeth showed severe attrition and breakdown of enamel in both deciduous and permanent dentitions. 2. Partial or complete obliteration of the pulp chambers and pulp canals, and small teeth buds of permanent premolar were observed on radiographs. 3. Family history revealed the complete denture due to premature loss of permanent teeth in several rlatives. 4. Restorations of anterior teeth with composite resin veneering showed good esthetic result. But brokendown easily due to loss of dentinal support. 5. Restoration of posterior teeth with preformed crown rehabilitated the masticatory function and estabilished the vertical dimension of occlusion. But further care is needed for estabilishment of final vertical dimension of occlusion after completion of the permanent dentition.

Si 기판 위에 CeO_2 유전체 박막 성장

한재원,김상훈,한영기,최무용 성균관대학교 기초과학연구소 1994 論文集 Vol.45 No.1

CeO_2 single target을 사용하여 on-axis rf magnetron 스퍼터링 방법으로 Si(100) 단결정기판 위에 CeO_2 유전체 박막을 성장시킬 때 기판온도, 산소 부분압력, rf input power, 두께 등의 성장변수들이 박막 성장에 미치는 영향을 조사하여 (ℓ00) 방향 in-situ 성장의 적정조건을 찾는 연구를 하였다. 각기 다른 조건에서 제조된 박막의 X-ray 회절 방법에 의한 구조 분석과 SEM(Scanning Electron Microscopy)에 의한 표면의 미세 구조 분석을 통하여 그 특성을 조사한 결과 기판 온도, 산소 부분압력, rf input power 세기, 박막의 두께가 박막 성장에 결정적인 영향을 미치는 중요 성장 변수임을 확인하였다. CeO_2 박막은 target과 기판사이 거리 50㎜, 총압력 30mTorr일 때 기판 온도 800℃, 산소 부분압력 3 mTon, power 90 W(이때 성장속도 0.83Å/s), 성장시간 2시간(이때 두께 500Å)일 때(ℓ00) 방향으로 잘 성장되는 것을 발견하였다. We have studied systematically the optimum condition for in-situ perparation of CeO_2 thin film on Si(100 substrate by single-target rf-magnetron sputtering method. We examined effects of the substrate temperature, oxygen partial pressure, rf input power, and thickness by studying X-ray diffraction patterns and photographs of scanning electron microscopy of the grown films. We found that all of these parameters influence decisively on the struture of the grown films. We also found that the CeO_2 thin film grows well at∼800℃ of the substrate temperature, 3 mTorr of the oxygen partial pressure, 90 W of the rf input power(corresponding to 0.83Å/s of the deposition rate), and 5000 Å of the thickness for the total sputtering gas of 30 mTorr and the sputtering target of 2 inch diameter used.