만성 승모판 패쇄부전증 환자에서의 안지오텐신 전환효소 억제제의 장기 투여 효과

김대희,이명묵,이해영,조현재,박승정,서재빈,서정원,양한모,윤창환,조상호,이준희,김용진,김명아,손대원,오병희,박영배 대한순환기학회 2004 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.34 No.2

채널간 파장간격 Δλ=2nm인 4채널 WDM 광소자 설계 및 특성에 관한 연구

라경태,김필중,윤중현,김상덕,김종빈 조선대학교 전자정보통신연구소 2000 電子情報通信硏究所論文誌 Vol.3 No.1

WDM/FDM is expected to be a basic technology for constructing cost-effectively high-speed and large capacity optical networks in the future, device technologies for supporting WDM/FDM function have begun to be studied actively In this paper, we proposed a 4 channel WDM optical device and simulated it based on Mach-Zehnder Interferometer with channel spacing Δλ=2nm at central wavelength λ =1 55㎛. So, we assumed initial condition that core dimension, 6㎛×6㎛, core index, 1 455, clad index, 1 444 at wavelength 1 55㎛, and the separation between channel waveguides, 4㎛ From this condition, we analyzed a channel waveguide and optical coupler(3㏈ coupler), simulated a single Mach-Zehnder Interferometer, and then designed a 4 channel WDM

Rat의 복강에 삽입한 Fluorouracil-Polyglycolic acid 제형의 Fluorouracil 용출에 관한 연구

노승무,정경수,오정연,김진향,양준묵,강대영,송규상,최정목,최선웅,이진호,조준식,민병무,김용백,김창식,박근성,김승영,김학용,인현빈 忠南大學校 癌共同硏究所 1998 癌共同硏究所 硏究誌 Vol.2 No.1

A common form of relapse in adenocarcinoma of the stomach is intraperitoneal dissemination, in fact, among gastric adenocarcinoma patients who have undergone surgery intended to cure, approximately 50% of the patients develope initial recurrence in the peritoneal cavity regardless of the anatomic site of the primary tumor within the stomach. The efficacy of systemic postoperative chemotherapy to prevent peritoneal recurrence of gastrric adcnocarcinoma is not satisfactory. There is still a great need for improved therapeutic strategies on the disseminated microscopic disease and small miliary nodules remaining on the peritoneal surface or lymphatics after operation. The authers have made fluorouracil-polyglycolic acid composite disks(Fu-PGA disks) with fluorouracil and biodegradable polymer: polyglycolic acid for more effective intraperitoneal chemotherapy. We inserted the Fu-PGA disk(s) in the peritoneal cavity of rat and pharmacokinetic study was performed to measure fluorouracil concentration in the peritoneal fluid, plasma, liver, kidney and heart tissue at 24 hour, 72 hour and 168 hour after insertion of Fu-PGA disk(s). Myelosuppressive action of this composite also was determined following its administration. The data of this study suggested that Fu-PGA composite will be a new device releasing drugs in a controlled manner and having targetability to peritoneum, and this device will be improving the efficacy of intraperitoneal chemotherapy for gastric adenocarcinoma.

위암환자의 복강내에 투여한 Mitomycin C-Carbon Particle의 Mitomycin 용출에 관한 연구

노승무,조영훈,정경수,오정연,김진향,양준묵,강대영,송규상,조준식,최선웅,이진호,민병무,김용백,김창식,박근성,인현빈,정현용,김학용 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.1

Locoregional recurrence is the most common type of recurrence in surgical operation of gastric adenocarcinoma, and peritoneal dissemination is one of the most difficult problems in advanced gastric adenocarcinoma treatment. Because the peritoneal cavity is the most common site of the first recurrence after gastric cancer resection, intraperitoneal chemotherpy seems a logical choice for cancer chemotherapy. The Mitomycin C(MMC) adsorbed by the activated charcoal particles(CH) is relatively released when the drug concentration surrounding the carbon particles becomes low in the peritoneum of the peritoneal cavity. For the intraperitoneal chemotherapy on the advanced gastric adenocarcnoma, mitomycin C adsorbed on activated carbon particles was administered in the peritoneal cavity just before abdominal wall closure. The closed drainage tubes were inserted in the peritoneal cavity and clamped for tuo hours after completion of operation. MMC concentrations were serially measured in peritoneal fluid, plasma and urine at 2hour, 48 hour, 72 hour and 168 hour following its administration in order to study the efficacy of the MMC-CH as a drug delivery system. There were minimal toxicities in born marrow, liver, and gastrointestinal system after intraperitoneal MMC-CH administration. The data of this study suggested that MMC-CH may have a somewhat more beneficial effect than surgery alone when administered in optimal dose and schedules, but the MMC concentration of the peritoneal fluid was not sufficient to eradicate remnant cancer cells, and effective duration of maintenance was only below 24 hours in the peritoneal fluid and plasma.

위암 환자의 복강내 투여를 위한 Activated Charcoal-Alginate Bead 제형으로부터 Mitomycin C의 용출 거동

이진호,최선웅,서중기,김동민,정경수,오정연,김진향,노승무,민병무,김용백,김창식,박근성,강대영,송규상,양준묵,조준식,정현용,김학용,인현빈 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.1

Locoregional recurrence is the most common type of recurrence in surgical operation of gastric adenocarcinoma, and peritoneal dissemination is one of the most difficult problems in advanced gastric adenocarcinoma treatment. Because the peritoneal cavity is the most common site of the first recurrence after gastric cancer resection, intraperitoneal chemotherapy seems a logical choice for cancer chemotherapy. In this study, Mitomycin C (MMC)-activated charcoal (CH)-alginate (ALG) beads were prepared by the mixtures of CH particles adsorbed with MMC as an anti-cancer drug and aqueous alginate solution. The alginate is recognized as biodegradable, nontoxic, and biocompatible. The release of MMC from the beads in 0.1 M Tris buffer was stable and continuous until about 1 week. The MMC-CH-ALG beads can be applied in the peritoneal cavity for intraperitoneal chemotherapy since they provide a good adhesiveness on the tissue and controlled release pattern of the drugs.

Rat의 복강에 삽입한 Filorouracil-Polyglycolic acid제형의 Fluorouracil용출에 관한 연구

노승무,정경수,오정연,김진향,양준묵,강대영,송규상,최정목,최선웅,이진호,조준식,민병무,김용백,김창식,박근성,김승영,김학용,인현빈 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.1

A common form of relapse in adenocarcinoma of the stomach is intraperitioneal dissemination, in fact, among gastric adenocarcinoma patients who have undergone surgery intended to cure, approximately 50% of the patients develope initial recurrence in the peritoneal cavity regardless of the anatomic site of the primary tumor within the stomach. The efficacy of systemic postoperative chemotherapy to prevent peritoneal recurrence of gastrric adenocarcinoma is not satisfactory. There is still a great need for improved therapeutic strategies on the disseminated microscopic disease and small miliary nodules remaining on the peritoneal surface or lymphatics after operation. The authers have made fluorouracil-polyglycolic acid composite disks(Fu-PGA disks) with fluorouracil and biodegradable polymer: polyglycolic acid for more effective intraperitoneal chemotherapy. We inserted the Fu-PGA disk(s) in the peritoneal cavity of rat and pharmacokinetic study was performed to measure fluorouracil concentration in the peritoneal fluid, plasma, liver, kidney and heart tissue at 24 hour, 72 hour and 168 hour after insertion of Fu-PGA disk(s). Myelosuppressive action of this composite also was determined following its administration. The data of this study suggested that Fu-PGA composite will be a new device releasing drugs in a controlled manner and having targetability to peritoneum, and this device will be improving the efficacy of intraperitoneal chemotherapy for gastric adenocarcinoma.

Rat의 복강내에 투여한 5-fluorouracil-polyglycolic acid 제형이 장기에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

강대영,송규상,최정목,노승무,정경수,오정연,김진향,양준묵,최선웅,이진호,조준식,민병무,김용백,김창식,박근성,김승영,김학용,인현빈 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.1

For more effective intraperitoneal chemotherapy, the authers made 5-fluorouracil-polyglycolic acid composite disks(FU-PGA disks) with 5-fluorouracil and polyglycolic acid, a biodegradable polymer. We inserted the FU-PGA disk into the peritoneal cavites of Sprague-Dawley male rats, the control and three experimental groups; one FU-PGA disk insert group(300mg/kg), two FU-PGA disk insert group(600mg/kg), and three FU-PGA disk insert group(900mg/kg). The control group received a similar number of PGA disk inserts. A pharmacokinetic study was performed to measure the 5-fluorouracil concentration in the peritoneal fluid, blood, and tissues(liver, kidney and heart) at 24 hours, 72hours and 168 hours after insertion of the FU-PGA disk. Light and electron microscopic studies were done. The results were as follows: 1) The number of white blood cells and platelets decreased after FU-PGA insertion. The degree was proportional to the duration and amounts inserted. The change in the number of red blood cells varied slightly. 2) Light microscopically, slight changes were noted at 168 hours in the 3 disk insert group (900mg/kg). Mild fatty change and hepatocyte degeneration around the central veins of the liver were noted, with vacuolar degeneration in the proximal convoluted tubules of the kidney. 3) Electron microscopically,the liver showed focal increases of lipid droplets in the hepatocytes, and irregular nuclear membrane with focal nucleolar segregation of the fibrillar and granular elements. Also the double membranous structure of the hepatocytes and Kupffer cells was widened with bleb formation. The kidney showed wide separation of the nuclear double membrane in the proximal convoluted tubular cells and mesangial cells, with vacuolation and myelin figure formation in the mitochondria of the proximal convoluted tubular cells, at 72 hours and 168 hours in the 2 to 3 FU-PGA insert groups. The heart showed focal loss of cristae,vacuolation and myelin figure formation in the mitochondria of the 2 to 3 FU-PGA insert groups. In conclusion, despite the large amont of FU-PGA inserted, the histopathological changes in the liver, kidney and heart were slight, and consonant with the very low amount of 5-fluorouracil concentrations detected in the liver, kidney and heart. The above results suggest that the FU-PGA composite can serve as a new device for releasing drugs in a controlled manner and easily targeted to intraperitoneal organs. This device can improve the efficacy of intraperitoneal chemotherapy for gastric cancer.

백서의 복강내에 투여한 Mitomycin-C-Polyglycolic acid 제형이 장기에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

송규상,강대영,최정목,노승무,정경수,오정연,김진향,양준목,최선웅,이진호,조준식,민병무,김용백,김창식,박근성,김승영,김학용,인현빈 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.1

To evaluate the in-vivo effects of mitomycin-C-polyglycolic acid composite(MMC-PGA) the disk: shaped composite were implanted into the peritoneal cavity of the Sprague-Dawley rats. The pathologic changes were examined at various time points up to 12 weeks. Initially the soft tissue around the inserted disks showed capillary congestion at 3 days. Inflammatory infiltrates with foreign body giant cells appeared from the 2nd week and reached peak response at 6-8 weeks. These reaction diminished prominently at 12 weeks. No specific pathologic change was found in the liver, the kidneys, and the heart. The above results suggest that the MMC-PGA composite can serve as a new device for intraperitoneal chemotherapy of various types of cancers.

우리나라 아파트團地의 問題點 分析 및 造景設計基準에 關한 硏究

金貴坤,任勝彬,曺正松,安建鏞 서울大學校 農科大學 1980 서울대농학연구지 Vol.5 No.2

It has been 22 years since the first apartment was built in Korea. Recently more and more apartments have been being introduced to Korean people and has been changing traditional Korean life style. Residents of apartment complexes in Korea suffer from various problems such as sisregarding of traditional Korean exterior space, pathology, improper community facilities and green spaces, destruction of natural environment, and lack of diversity and chracter in buildings and outdoor spaces. Historically the techniques of residential site design have been developed through three evolutionary steps. The first step was the Garden City idea of Ebenezer Howard in England(1898). In his conceptual plan he located Grand Avenue in the center of residential site. However, the green space was divided by road from residential site. The second step was the Sunnyside Gardens in New York(1924). The city Housing corporation of New York City built apartments with new concept which contained large common green spaces within a block surrounded by apartment buildings. This was possible because the lot subdivision no longer existed. The third step was the Radburn Plan(1929) in New Jersey. This was the second project of the City Housing Corporation. This plan invented two important concepts in residential site design. The one is super block concept which does not permit vehicle road within a large block. The other one is culs-de-sac road of which has a dead end on the one end. These two concepts contribute to making internal common green space without car traffic. With this concept the housing was ideally interwoven with green spaces. The Radburn Plan was the beginning of cluster development in residential site and innovation for moter age. At present, after 50 years from Radburn Plan, the basis concept of it is still valid and useful in residential site design. However, we need to make another evolutionary step for the better quality of living. The situations in Korea are different from those in western countries. Apartment is one of the western-origin housing types. Koreans have to modify western-oriented apartment buildings and site plans for cultural adaptation. Furthermore, we have to create new concepts for the better quality of living. Followings are the propositions for site design of apartment complex in Korea. 1. Cultural Aspect-One of the traditional characters of Korean exterior space os intermediate space between interior and exterior space. In order to provide intermediate space, sequence planning and gradual change of space atmosphere in outdoor space design is needed. 2. Social Aspect-We have to consider life cycle of residents, provide various community activities, increase natural elements, and decrease pathologh in apartment complex. 3. Functional Aspect-Pedestrian was should be separated from vehicle way in any case. Pedestrian way system can be benefited from combining with green space system. Green spaces should have systematic link instead of dispersed disposition without connection. The land use pattern should also have systematic and functional relationship. 4. Ecological Aspect-Dynamic equlibrium in eco-system should be preserved or modified with minimum change during and after development. The elements in inventory should be checked are land slide, erosion, surface and ground water, vegetation, wildlife, micro climate, etc. 5. Perceptional Aspect-Apartment complex should be considered as a group form as well as individual form of buildings. It is recommendable to divide outdoor spaces into human scale and to give diversity to each space and building instead of uniform treatment.

이른바 '자의 퇴원(DAMA)'에 관한 의료법학적 고찰

김장한,이정빈,이윤성 大韓法醫學會 1998 대한법의학회지 Vol.22 No.1

All along the medical procedures, the patient's right of self determination may conflict with the medical doctor's professional decisions. The discharge against medical advice (DAMA) is a kind of conflict which becomes a hot issue recently. We tried to summarize various epidemiologic studies to know how many DAMAs have been. And we consider the limits on DAMA. Patient's right to self-DAMA is to be esteemed within a limit of other interests, especially a life self-DAMA is to be esteemed within a limit of other interests, especially a life of fetus in pregnancy woman as the proxy-DAMA is to a life of patient. Through the balance of these interests, the legitimation of DAMA can be established. When patient or proxy violates the principles in DAMA, the method of punishment on doctor in question. Lastly, we inquire into the types of punishment on doctor, intentional type of crime, negligence type of crime, or not guilty. We concludes with the preference on the negligence type of crime.