음료 포장디자인이 브랜드이미지에 미치는 영향 연구

문병용 한국패키지디자인학회 2001 상품문화디자인학연구 Vol.10 No.-

Recently, consumer's need has been variated according to the improvement of income level, and also new products have been developed actively by variable living patterns. With these changes, the patterns of corporate management began to transfer to consumer-focused system departing from old customs of provider-focused activity up to now. The consuming pattern is being changed variably corresponding to the improvement of economic growth and income level. There is also concerning about aesthetic concern is gradually being specializing into product-focused development. These characteristic product and brand image is implicated with its sales, at the same time is having considerable connectivities with the respective of the contentment for liking degree. Accordingly, new marketing strategy began to be centered with the respective of brand image through packaging design. Our nation has began to be concerned about manufacture of carbonated waters since the 1950s, at the same time our nation's beverage market is being gradually enlarged with continuos improvement of income level. Beverage market began to have meaningful significance beyond a thirst solution, as there is gradually forming variable market like a juicy beverage, sports beverage, fiber beverage, flavored water and so on. Especially, nowadays, preference for flavored water began to increase according to consumer's variable personality and emotion. With the respective of the above things, there needs to appeal new generation's preference for beverage through effective connectivities between packaging design and brand image. Accordingly, this dissertation is focused on finding new areas and ways to develope substantial package-design or representing its developmental alternatives of effective connectivities between packaging design and brand image.

근위 대퇴정을 이용한 대퇴 전자부 골절의 치료

문영완,서동현,강신택,권덕주,지용남,이기병 대한골절학회 2003 대한골절학회지 Vol.16 No.1

목 적 : 근위 대퇴정을 이용한 고령 환자의 대퇴전자간 골절의 치료결과에 대해 보고하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법 : 2001년 4월부터 2002년 2월까지 대전자부에서 소전자에 이르는 횡선골절 및 소전자 주위 분쇄골절로 압박고 나사 고정이 용이하지 않은 전자간 골절, 일반적인 전자간 골절에 대해 근위 대퇴정을 사용해 치료한 80례 중 추시가 가능했던 71례를 대상으로 하였으며, 추시과정 중 골유합 시기, 대퇴경간각, 지연나사의 활강, 수술시간 및 출혈량, 술중 및 술후 합병증 수술시 주의사항을 조사하였다. 결 과 : 평균연령은 77.5세, 평균추시기간은 9개월이었다. Evans의 분류법으로 골절을 분류하여 안정성, 불안정성 골절은 30례, 41례였다. 평균 골 유합 시비는 13.8주였고, 대퇴경간각은 수술직후 131.9 ± 5.21˚, 129.9 ± 6.04˚ 였으며 평균지연나사의 활강은 4.21±4.13㎜였다. 수술시간은 평균 61분, 출혈량은 평균 0.67pint(134cc)였다. 술중 합병증으로는 정복 실패 1례, 원위고정나사 삽입시 피질골 골절 1례, drill bit 파손 1례가 있었으며, 술후 합병증으로는 대퇴 경간각 소실(5도이상) 12례, 경부골절의 발생이 2례, 지연나사의 관절내 돌출 1례였다. 결 론 : 대퇴골 전자부 골절의 치료로 근위 대퇴정은 정확한 삽입 위치, 삽입시의 조심스러운 확공, 지연나사의 연골하 골에 단단하게 고정시키는 등의 주의를 한다면 수술시간, 출혈량 감소 등의 술중 합병증을 줄이고, 견고한 내고정을 통한 조기 보행을 가능하게 하며, 좋은 골유합 등이 기대되므로, 특히 고령, 분쇄골절, 역행성 골절, 골다공증이 심한 경우에서 바람직한 수술방법으로 사료된다. Purpose : To evaluate the treatment results of geriatric intertochanteric fractures using a proximal femoral nail. Materials and Methods : From April 2001 to February 2002, 71 cases of the intertrochanteric fractures involving lesser trochanter, transverse or reverse oblique intertrochanteric fracture. We evaluated the bone union time, neck-shaft angle, lag screw sliding by follow up radiographs, operation time, blood loss and complications. Results : The average age was 77.5 years old, the mean duration of follow-up was 9 months and the mean duration of bone union was 13.8 weeks. The average neck-shaft angle on immediate postop. x-ray was 131.9 ± 5.21˚ and 129.9 ± 6.04˚ at last follow up and the average lag screw sliding was 4.21 ± 4.13㎜. The average operation time was 61 minutes and blood loss was 0.67 pints(134cc). Intraoperative complications were inadequate reduction in one case, difficulty in distal transfixing in one case and drill bit failure in one case and postoperative complications were loss of neck-shaft angle(more than 5 degree) in 12 cases, femur neck fracture in 2 cases and intraarticular cutting out of femur neck screw in one case. Conclusions : The use of the proximal femoral nail could be appropriate for the fixation of communited or reverse oblique intertrochanteric fracture in elderly, osteroporotic patients for early ambulation, preventing shortening and rotation deformity, and reducing operation time and blood loss.

남조류 Synechocystis PCC 6803의 광저해 기작에 있어서 막지질 지방산 불포화의 역할

문병용 인제대학교기초과학연구소 1999 자연과학 Vol.3 No.-

남조류 Synechocystis PCC 6803의 지방산 double mutant인 desA-/desD-균주를 이용하여 막지질의 지방산 불포화가 광합성 기구의 광저해로부터의 회복과정에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 이 돌연변이 균주는 desA 유전자와 desD 유전자가 각각 kanamycin 저항성 cartridge와 chloramphenicol 저항성 cartridge에 의하여 불활성화되어 있는 균주로서 그 결과 Δ 12 desaturase 및 Δ 6 desaturase 활성이 결여되어 있어 틸라코이드 막지질의 지방산 불포화도가 감소된 세포들이다. 3.0 mmol quanta m-2s-1의 강한 빛으로 25℃와 20℃에서 광저해를 일으킨 후 약광하에서 30℃의 배양온도로 복귀시키고 경시적으로 시료를 채취하여 광계Ⅱ의 전자 전달 활성을 측정하였다. 20℃에서 2시간동안 고광처리한 desA-/desD- 균주의 경우 광계Ⅱ의 불활성화가 가장 심하게 일어났으며, 이후 24시간 동안의 회복처리 기간동안에도 광계Ⅱ활성은 좀처럼 회복되지 않았다. 그러나, 야생형의 경우에는 동일한 실험조건에서 회복시 상당한 정도의 광계Ⅱ활성의 회복을 관찰할 수 있었다. 돌연변이 균주에서 보이는 바와 같은 광계Ⅱ복합체의 낮은 회복속도는 돌연변이주 틸라코이드 막지질의 지방산 불포화도가 감소된 결과에 기인하는 것으로서, 막지질 지방산 불포화의 감소로 인하여 광계Ⅱ복합체의 회복에 필요한 D1 단백질의 대사회전이 제한되기 때문인 것으로 판단된다. Using two strains of cyanobacterial speceis, namely, wild-type Synechocystis PCC 6803 and its fatty acid double mutant desA-desD-, effects of fatty acid unsaturation of membrane lipids were studied on the photoinhibition and the subsequent recovery from the photoinhibited state. The fatty acid double mutant desA-/desD- of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 contains desA and desD genes, each encoding Δ 12 and Δ 6 desaturase, disrupted with kanamycin-and chloramphenicol-resistance gene cartridges, respectively. By inactivation of the genes for desaturases, the extent of fatty acid unsaturation was reduced in thylakoid membranes of the double mutant. To induce photoinhibition, both the mutant and the wild-type strains were transferred to either 25℃ or 20℃ and immediately exposed to strong light. Then they were allowed to recover at 30℃ under dim light from the photoinhibited state. The results showed that the mutant cells were most severely photoinhibited after 2h-exposure to strong light at 20℃. Moreover, the photoinhibited desA-/desD- cells showed very minor recovery from the photoinhibited state during 24-h recovery period, compared to wild-type cells that showed considerable restoration of photosystem Ⅱ activity. The slow recovery of photosystem Ⅱ complex from the photoinhibited state, as shown in desA-/desD- cells, implies that low unsaturation level of fatty acids in thylakoid membranes limits turnover of D1 proteins in the PS Ⅱ complex.

車輛用 無接点式 点火裝置에 關한 硏究

姜錤文,田炳實,김종교,金煥溶 全北大學校 1979 論文集 Vol.21 No.-

We choose the magnet detecting system of many that a ignition signal voltage can be induced in a pick-up coil by the rotation of timing rotor in distributor. As the timing rotor rotates with cam gear, the magnetic flux alternating rate changes through timing rotor-magnet-bracket-pick up coil. At this time, a detecting transistor detects the ignition signal on the pick-up coil and makes it a switching signal. This switching signal is amplified by transistors and applied to the primary of ignition coil in transistor ignition system without break point. In CDI ignition system without break point, the amplified switching signal is applied to the gate of SCR, a switching element. When a signal triggers the gate, a very high voltage appeared instantaneously in the secondary of ignition coil. A transistor and a CDI ignition circuit without point are designed respectively in fig. 6 & fig. 12. As a result of practical test on road, the CDI ignition system without break point among them presented the best running characteristics as fig. 14.

하천수중 화학적산소요구량 및 유기성탄소의 경시적 변화에 관한 연구

박병윤,양소영,이부용,장상문 대구효성가톨릭대학교 1998 연구논문집 Vol.57 No.2

In order to provide the basic information for the water quality of urban streams and the quality variation of these streams, the water pollution indicators of Sin stream and Keumho river flowing through Taegu city were measured, and the variations of COD and OC of stream waters and artifical samples were studied under the condition of stagnation. For this experiment, two sampling sites(Sungpook bridge, Mutae bridge) were selected. Sungpook bridge is located most down the Sin stream, Mutae bridge is located on the lower keumho river. Artificial samples were prepared with mixing starch and CaCl?, and the pHs of these samples were adjusted by adding NaOH and HCl. The results were as follows. 1. The DO values of stream waters sampled in June and July were much lower than those of stream waters sampled in March and April. 2. The COD values of all the samples highly exceeded the fifth grade of environmental criterion(10mg/?) 3. EC highly correlated with ALK and Cl anion. 4. The COD values of stream waters sampled in June and July and stagnated under the laboratory temperature distinctly decreased in process of stagnation, and those of stream waters sampled in April and stagnated in the incubator(20℃) also distinctly decreased. But, the COD variations of stream waters sampled in March and April and stgnated under the laboratory temperature didn't show a distinct tendency. 5. The contents of OC in stream waters sampled in March and April and stagnated under the laboratory temperature distinctly decreased in process of stagnation, and those of stream waters sampled in April and stagnated in the incubator(20℃) also distinctly decreased. But, the contents of OC in stream waters stagnated under the incubator temperature, which was higher than the laboratory temperature, more rapidly decreased in process of stagnation.

지난 4년간 학회지 "신경정신의학" 심사 평가보고

오병훈,권준수,남궁기,김승현,지익성,김창윤,하규섭,박원명,김성곤,오강섭,김정범,이수정,정한용,이창욱,박용천,이영문,김세주,이병욱 大韓神經精神醫學會 2005 신경정신의학 Vol.44 No.5

Four Years Reports of "Journal of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association" during 2001 to 2005 were evaluated by 18 Editorial Board of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association. We investigated the articles to specific fields and rejection rate etc. by different section chiefs. Although several problems concerning review time duration and rejection guideline issues indicated but generally all reviewer processes proved relatively clear and concise criteria. Through these objective and systematic evaluation Processes, "Journal of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association" will develop a good journal.

도시 및 농어촌 학생의 체격발달에 관한 조사 분석

지응화,문병용 江原大學校附設體育科學硏究所 2002 江原大學校附設體育科學硏究所論文集 Vol.- No.25

The purpose of this study was to provide the data for the improvement of the students' physique and helth. The data are made by the research of physique of the students in the urban, rural and sea village area, and by the analysis of the change of growth according to the grades, sexes, and the regions. For this purpose, 720 the third grade in the middle shcool students were sampled as the sexes and regions. By the longitudinal study they were surveyed from 6th grade in the elementary school to the 3rd grade in the middle school. Their data using SPSS with statistical method are as the follows: 1. The growing tendency of body height The growth of body height are developing straightly as their school age. Urban students are a little superior, but it is meaningless. The crossover phenomena by the sexes occurs between the 1st grade in middle school and the 2nd grade in middle school - girls are superior to boys till the 1st grade in middle school, but boys are superior to girls from the 2nd grade in middle school. As the above conclusion, we cannot see the regional differences. It is because of the rapid development of economy, the common ownership of information owing to the development of traffic and mass communication, the development of nutritional state due to the school feeding facilities. The regional difference will be slighter afterwards. 2. The growing tendency of body weight The growth of body weight shows straight development. Urban students are a little superior to those of rural and sea village area. For the boy students show high level of development (6.85kg) from the 6th grade in elementary school (42.55±10.06kg) to the 1st grade in middle school (49.41±11.13kg). After that they show gradual development and show high level of individual variations in this period. The crossover phenomena by the sexes occurs between the 6th grade in elementary school and the 1st grade in middle school - girls are superior to boys till the 6th grade in elementary school, but boys are superior to girls from the 1st grade in middle school. Among the above conclusions, I think urban students is superior for the economic development, medical development, the improvement of nutritional state and surroundings, and they make the period of growth earlier. 3. The growing tendency of chest girth The state of the growth of chest girth shows straight development and cross-sectional growth state is superior to longitudinal growth state in boys and girls students together. The crossover phenomena by the sexes occurs between the 2nd grade in middle school and the 3rd grade in middle school - girls are superior to boys till the 2nd grade in middle school, but boys are superior to girls from the 3rd grade in middle school. As the above conclusion, chest girth increases with body height and body weight according to students' grade. The reason why girls are superior to boys in this growing tendency is that girls are in the period of the second sexual character, the matureness of breast. 4. The growing tendency of sitting height The state of the growth of sitting height is developing straightly. As for the regions, urban students show somewhat superior growth state. But through the statistical research, it shows meaningless difference. The crossover phenomena by the sexes occurs between the 1st grade in middle school and the 2nd grade in middle school - girls are superior to boys till the 1st grade in middle school, but boys are superior to girls from the 2nd grade in middle school. As the above conclusion, urban students show a little superior growing tendency, but relatively we cannot see the regional differences. The reason is students' improvement of nutritional state due to the economic development. The regional difference will be slighter afterwards. As a conclusion, we should provide the students in their rapid development of physique with better environment. This will be helpful for the improvement of students' symmetrical physique, and their adaptation to the social structure. Most of all we have to try to use effective method for their development.

고등학생의 여가활동 참가가 학교생활적응에 미치는 영향

신근춘,문병용 江原大學校附設體育科學硏究所 2004 江原大學校附設體育科學硏究所論文集 Vol.- No.27

The purpose of this study would likt to find out reached influence of school life adaptation for senior high school students'leisure activity participation. And I established to attain aim of research such like research subject. First, difference of type for leisure activity about area-sexual distinction·monthly income·pocket money, second, difference of school life adaptation about area·sexual sistinction·monthly income·pocket money, third, reached influence of school life adaptation for leisure activity participation extent, fourth, I established to attain the subject for research that would like to find out relation leisure activity type and school life adaptation. I set up seniou high school make and female students of Kangwon Do Yeongseo area with a population for this research Moreover, the selected group was drawn samples each 2 schools second grade 150 students of C·H area malefemale with stratified cluster random sampling . I used questionnaire totally 496 students for material analysis. I used questionnaire that was made recomposition with proper research. I also used measuring implement that used it - P.E. activity participation of Juvenile and questionnaire for adaptation of school life> (Park Jeong Hyeon 1999) <Survey of type for leisure activity> (Ministry of Culture P.E. 1995). Reliance data of questionnaire for school life adaptation used 'Cronbach'α, the coefficient for reliance data was mentioned 6812_6935. Statistics methods - which were used this research are χ^(2)-test, t-test, one-ANOVA, correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis, two-way ANOVA etc. First, when I analyzed difference of type for leisure activity by area·sexual distinction·monthly income·pocket money, I found that it doesn't have any gap by it besides sexual distinction made difference between sports activity for male students and viewing appreciation for female students. Second, differences of adaptation for school life by area·sexual distinction·monthly income·pocket money made several situations. For instance, areamonthly income made difference teacher's relation·friends relation·classes in school, sexual sistinction made it friends relation·school class, and pocket money made it school rules. Third, reached influence of school life adaptation for leisure activity participating extent showed that participating period affected friends relation, participating frequency did teacher's relation, and participating strength did school classes. Fourth, difference leisure activity type and school life adaptation showed that student who did activity for hobbygeneral education made significant difference.

도장작업시 유해인자들의 노출수준과 작업환경관리실태

이세기,문덕환,이채관,황용식,선병관,손병철,김대환,이창희,김휘동,이채언 인제대학교 백병원 2002 仁濟醫學 Vol.23 No.5

Objectives: For the purpose of preparing the fundamental data and assessing the status of exposure level of chemical substances in painting process. Methods and Materials: The author determined the concentration of organic solvents, lead(Pb), Chromium(Cr), and Toluene-2, 4-diisocyanate(TDI) in air of painting process to 90 industries classified by 15 types of manufacturing industry during a period from Jan. 1st 2001 to Dec. 31st 2001. Results: The results were as follows: 1. The geometric mean level of each chemical substance was 0.1706 ppm for exposure index in organic solvents, 0.0019㎎/㎥ for Pb, 0.0024 ㎎/㎥ for Cr, and 0.0004ppm for TDI, respectively. 2. The exposure level of each chemical substances by type of painting was the highest in dipping and brush painting for organic solvent, in spray-painting for TDI, and in spray gun-painting for Pb and Cr, respectively. 3. The exposure level of each chemical substances by type of local ventilation equipment was higher in enclosed and booth type for organic solvents. Cr, and TDI, and in exterior type for Pb, respectively than those of other types. 4. The exposure level of each chemical substances by type of hazardous material arresting media was higher in using water for organic substances, in using bag filter for Pb, TDI, respectively than those of other types. Conclusion: According to above results, this study suggests that the exposure level by type of industry exceeded the exposure level in wooden furniture and metal furniture manufacturing industry for organic solvents and Pb, respectively.

측두하악관절 내장증 환자의 자기공명영상에서 관절 원판의 전방 이동에 관한 연구

유하식,문창수,조병욱,이열,이용찬,이한욱 大韓顎顔面成形再建外科學會 1993 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.15 No.3

Tempormandibular Joint pain and dysfunction is a common and important clinical problem. With the recent advances in imaging technology, radiologists have made major contribution to the understanding of TMJ disease. The MRI has several advantages over the conventional imaging methods. It is possible to obtain surprisingly precise images of internal hard and soft tissues with MRI. It is not invasive without ionizing radiation. The abnormal disk position has been thought as the cause of TMJ internal derangement. But there are few methods to relate disk position to TMJ internal derangement quantatively. The object of our study is to determine the amount of anterior displacement fo articular disk in symptomatic patients related each symptoms. Using the method of Dr. Drace, we studied the 38 joints of 22 persons with susceptable TMJ internal derangement. 1. In determining the anterior displacement of TMJ articular disk, the junction between the posterior band and bilaminar zone was useful. 2. The mean anterior displacement of disk in reduction group and without reduction gouop were 51.0 and 81.1 respectively. The difference was significant. 3. In the mean anterior displacement of disk, the pain without clicking group showed 84.8 and the clicking and pain group 70.8, the clicking group respectively.