Sol-Gel 법에 의한 Nanoporous Alumina Membrane용 Alumina Sol 제조

박자룡,김태환,성재석,송기창 한국화학공학회 2004 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.42 No.1

Sol-Gel법에 의해 출발물질로 aluminum isopropoxide(AIP)를 사용하여, 가수분해 및 해교과정을 거쳐 alumina(boehmite)졸을 제조하였다. 또한 이 졸을 건조오븐에서 건조시켜, 분말을 제조한 후 열처리온도에 따른 분말 결정상의 조성과 기공특성을 조사하였다. 100℃에서 열처리하여 제조된 분말은 boehmite상을 나타내었으며, 500℃에서 γ-alumina로 상전이 되었다. HCl/AIP=0.10의 조건으로 해교된 후 600℃로 열처리된 분말은 4nm의 평균기공 크기를 나타내었다. 또한 해교시 첨가된 HCl양이 증가됨에 따라 기공의 크기는 감소한 반면 열처리 온도가 증가됨에 따라 평균기공의 크기는 증가하였다. Alumina(boehmite) sol was prepared by the sol-gel method from aluminum isopropoxide(AIP) through bydrolysis and peptization processes. Powders were obtained by drying the sol in drying oven, and the powder properties, such as crystalline phase composition and pore structure, were studied as a function of heat-treatment temperatures. The powders showed boehmite phase at 100℃, and transformed to γ-alumina at 500℃. The powders, heat-treated at 600℃ after being peptized at HCl/AIP=0.10, 4㎚ in average pore diameter. The average pore diameter of the powders decreased with increasing HCl concentrations added uring peptization process, but increased with increasing heat-treatment temperatures.

아동의 발견과 모성 담론 : 1920년대 아동문학 작품을 중심으로 Centering on Children's Literary Works in 1920s

박숙자 한국어문학회 2004 語文學 Vol.0 No.84

In 1920s, according as some modern transformations become imposed on families, interests on children become high. These interests bring a change, which may be called the discovery of children. In other words, children cease to be immature adults and become regarded as independent personalities. By the way, many discourses on children contain discourses concerning the nature and role of mothers. For, in order to raise children different from the fanner children, mother's way of raising them and her own ability are very important. It is not going too far to say that the birth of modern children accompanies with modern mothers. Therefore, discourse on children and discourse on mothers intertwine with each other and go hand in hand First of all, this study starts with the clue that mother is frequently mentioned in children's literary works. Those mentions of mother, for the most part, are about separations or partings between children and their own mothers, and therefore longings for mother frequently become a subject matter for children's literary works. But, what is foregrounded in those literary works for children is the emotions of their poetic speakers, not of mother. To put it in other words, it is the emotions and vision of the poetic speaker that are visualized in literary works concerning mothers. As a result, in these works, the configurations of mothers are deprived of reality and are dealt with in the extreme abstract. Mothers' nature is foregrounded and heightened in some literary works, whose animal characters and plant characters are both personalized. In those works, motherhood becomes worshipped and idealized. But, all these things only result in discourses that deprive mothers of their real foundations and idealized motherhood merely on the instinctual level. Moreover, at this very point, gender intervenes in those narratives. It is a "boy" who narrates. This boy is also a man who will form a new family and make himself the head of his family. In short, gender (difference) intervenes in the speaker's voice, which produces an idealized mother image separated from a real mother in the real world. At the same moment when children are discovered in 1920s, discourses concerning the role of mothers and motherhood appear on the stage and discussed. But this discussed mother is nowhere. She does not exist in the real world, but paradoxically she should also exist. She is an idealized object and is too far away. If children may be a landscape discovered with the eyes of a adult having the inner mind, their mothers may be a landscape captured by children. In the middle of these processes of discourse, the discourse concerning mothers seems to be in the turning point. It seems that in 1920s, mothers played a very large part in our multiple ordinary lives. Nevertheless, those features failed to come to the surface. Rather, many discourses erasing the foundations of motherhood shown in the real lives. The following problem needs more considerations: What does this gap tell? What shape does this gap assume in other texts.

소비자의 의류쇼핑동기유형과 점포에 관한 연구 : 선호점포와 점포분위기 Preferred Stores and Store Atmosphere

박수경,임숙자 한국의류학회 1996 한국의류학회지 Vol.20 No.3

This study intends to ascertain the importance of store atmosphere when construcing store marketing strategies for store differentiation. And it is studied by classifying consumer groups according to clothing shopping motivations, comparing store atmosphere assessment and emotion response of preferred stores, and analyzing the influence store atmosphere has on store preference or impulsive purchase. The subject of this study are women in their twenties living in Seoul, 255 career women and 233 college students totaling 458, and model sampling is done by convenient sampling taking into account the type of their occupation and major. Modified survey based on references and former studies is used, and using SAS packages, methods. The results of data analysis are as follows. 1. Consumer groups are classified into the following four subdivisions: shopping involvement, leisure pursuit, financial, and shopping unconcern group. The stores women in twenties use most frequently for shopping are department stores, speciality stores, common market, discount stores, and wholesale markets, and significant difference are shown between consumer groups. 2. Consumer responses for store atmosphere preferences are shown significantly among groups when concerned with store preferences. 3. Images of store atmosphere as factor analyzed into environment factor, kindness factor, and decoration factor. Environment factor is most highly estimated in speciality stores, kindness factor in department stores, and decoration factor in common markets. 4. Leisure pursuit group is assessed to be most influenced by store atmosphere in store selection, impulsive purchase, and after-purchase shopping behavior, and impulsive purchase is shown highly in department stores and speciality stores.

濟州島內 導人 造景 및 栽培植物의 種類에 關한 調査硏究(II)

李宗錫,韓海龍,白子勳,朴庸奉 제주대학교 1981 논문집 Vol.13 No.-

To investigate the cultivation plant species introduced in Jeju idland area, Korea, the second study was made in 1981. A total 47 families and 214 species of plants were noted in this study. The observated species were divided into 165 species of herbaceous plant such as 33 species of annuals and bieannuals, 18 species of perennials, 92 species of perenial evergreens and 12 species of bulb or tuberous plants and 49 species of woody plants such as 19 species of deciduous and 30 species of evergreen trees. Among the recorded plants, 127 species were culivated as potted ornamental plant, and 41 species were used for flower-bedding and landscaping. And 46 species were utilized as esculant plant. In Jeju island, cultivars of the introduced plants should be observed in the future.

급성 골수성 백혈병에서 Adenosine deaminase 측정의 임상적 유용성

고광상,박정오,강성훈,김재석,박순철,서연실,김기헌,조무자 임상병리검사과학회 1999 임상병리검사과학회지 Vol.31 No.2

배경 : Adenosine deaminase(ADA) 는 adeno-sine을 inosine으로 deamination하는 반응을 촉매하는 효소로, 혈액 종양을 비롯한 결핵, 간 질환, 등의 다양한 질환에서 활성도가 증가하는 것으로 알려져 있으며, 여러 질환에서 연구가 이루어지고 있으나 측정의 기술적 어려움으로 이용이 확대되지 못하였다. 그러나 최근 고안된 자동 화학 분석기를 이용한 ADA 와 동위효소의 분별정량 방법으로 ADA 측정의 임상적 적용이 용이 해졌다. 저자들은 이 방법으로 혈장을 이용하여 AML에서의 ADA활성도와 동위효소의 분포양상의 특성과, 치료경과에 따른 변화를 관찰하여 AML에서 ADA측정의 임상적 유용성을 알아보고자 하였다. 방법 : AML 환자군 16 예와 정상 대조군 25 예의 혈장 ADA와 동위효소의 활성도를 측정 비교하고, 환자군중 10 예에서는 치료 후 1주 간격으로 최고 8 주까지 추적 관찰을 시행하였다. ADA측정은 자동화학 분석기로 발색 정량하고, 동위효소의 측정은 ADA_(1) 선택적 억제제인 EHNA를 첨가하여 ADA_(2)를 측정하는 방법을 이용하였다. 결과 : AML 환자 군 16명의 혈장 ADA 활성도는 34.0±20.8IU/L로 정상 대조군 25명의 혈장 ADA 활성도 14.28±3.26IU/L에 비해 유의하게 높았다. 정상 대조군에서는 ADA2 가 75.0%로 우세한 것에 비해 AML군에서는 ADA_(1)이 62.5%로 우세하였고, ADA_(1)은 모두 정상대조군보다 높은 값을 보였다 . AML 환자 군 중 추적 검사를 시행하였던 10 예 (완전관해 5예 , 불완전관해 5예)에서 ADA 값과 ADA1이 10예 모두에서 4주 안에(평균 2.8주) 정상범위로 감소하였고, 5 예에서 ADA활성도가 정상범위로 감소한 후 1 주 후까지 ADA_(1)활성도가 정상범위 이상으로 지속되었다. 결론 : AML의 진단과 경과 추적에 혈장에서 측정한 ADA활성도와 동위효소 분포 양상을 이용할 수 있으며, 특히 ADA_(1)이 total ADA나 ADA_(2)보다 더 유용함을 알 수 있었다. ADA 활성도는 치료 후 관해여부와 관계없이 세포수가 감소함에 따라 모두 감소하므로 관해 여부를 예측 할 수는 없으나, 재발을 검출할 목적으로 이용할 수 있으며, 이때는 ADA 활성도가 모두 정상범위로 감소하는 치료 후 4 주 이후부터 검사하는 것이 효율적이라고 생각된다. Adenosine deaminase(ADA) activiteis in sera are increased in various disease such as hematologic malignancies, tuberculosis, and liver diseases. To evaluate the clinical value of measuring ADA and its isoenzyme activites in plasma with the automated assay in acute myeloid leukemia, we compared ADA and its isoenzyme activities in normal control group with those in acute myeloid leukemia group, and followed up those during chemotherapy in AML group. The measurements of plasma ADA and its enzymes, especially ADA_(1) were useful for AML diagnosis. But they were not valuable markers to discriminate between complete remission and incomplete remission. For the detection of relapse, it could be valuable to measure ADA activities beyond 4 weeks after chemotherapy.

트레드밀 걷기 운동 시 무게부하의 차이가 호흡순환기능 및 대사기능에 미치는 영향

김용규,이채산,김자영,박미숙,김광중,이광호 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.20 No.1

The purpose of this study was to compare on cadiopulmonary and metabolism function of 10㎏ weight loading group(10 females) and W university students with non weight loading group(10 females. Each group did treadmill walking exercise for twenty minutes by the modified balke protocol. Heart rate(HR), systolic(SBP), MVO₂, and VO₂max were analyzed using 2×2(groups×during) repeated measures analysis of variance (MANOVA). And peak blood velocity(PBV) and MBV were analyzed by using 2×2(groups×during) repeated measures analysis of variance (MANOVA). Lactate and glucose were amalyed by separate 2×2 (groupxduring) analysis of variance(ANOVA). Results of this study suggest that: The change of HR, SBP and MVO₂ in experience and control group showed the significant(p<.05) increase during walking exercise. Variables between experience and control group showed not significant level. But VO₂ in each group showed the significant(p<.001) increase during walking exercise. Differenc among each group showed significant(p<.001) level. Lactate and glucose level in each group showed significant(p<.001, p<.05) increase during walking exercise. Differences among each group showed not significant level. PBV and MBV in each group significant(p<.001) increase during walking exercise. Difference among each group showed significant(p<.05) level. According to these results, weight loading walking exercise considering safety promotes to cardiovascular function and it is expected to be an effective exercise methods able to improve the physical inefficiency of long time walking type.

스타트 블록의 각도에 따른 하지의 각운동량 분석

신성휴,김태완,권문석,고석곤,박기자 한국운동역학회 2004 한국운동역학회지 Vol.14 No.3

S. H. SHIN, T. W. KIM, M. S. KWON, S. G. GO, K. J. PARK. Analysis of the angular momentum on the lower extremity by change of starting block angles. Korean Journal of Sport Biomechanics, Vol. 14, No. 3, pp. 165-175, 2004. The aim of this study is to show the effect of starting block angle on the starting motion of sprinters using a crouching start. After installing starting blocks on forced platform, and having four highly comparative sprinters use the starting blocks, I analyzed the angular momentum of a crouching start. From the results of the analysis, the following conclusions could be drawn: There were differences of angular momentum both in body's X, Y, and Z axes and in the thighs' X axes, but not in the pelvis and lower legs. As to the general change of block angle, we noticed that an angular momentum for each segments was higher at an angle of 50 to 55 degrees.

내시경적 점막절제술로 치험한 식도 과립상 세포종 1례

강혁주,김성욱,최석진,이중현,장재식,서영범,윤병구,박건욱,김성자,김용섭,강승완,이구,양창헌,이창우,김욱년,이광헌,서정일 동국대학교 의학연구소 2000 東國醫學 Vol.7 No.-

과립상 세포종은 Schwann 세포 기원으로 생각되며 인체에 비교적 드물게 발생한다. 과립상 세포종은 전신 어느 곳에서나 발견될 수 있으나 주로 혀, 구강, 피부 혹은 유방 등에서 호발하며 드물게 위장관에서 발견된다. 위장관에서는 식도에서 가장 호발하며 다음으로 위, 대장 순이다. 과립상 세포종은 대부분, 특히 위장관에서는 양성이며 소수의 악성 병변이 보고되었다. 이러한 이유와 함께 수술 전의 진단이 어렵기 때문에 과립상 세포종에 대한 근본적인 치료는 현재까지 외과적 절제술이다. 최근에 시도되는 치료방법들로는 내시경적 레이저 치료, 용종절제술, 내시경적 점막 절제술 등이 있다. 저자들은 상부 소화관 내시경검사를 시행하여 식도 과립상 세포종을 진단하고 내시경적 점막 절제술을 시행하여 합병증 없이 퇴원하여 현재 재발없이 경과 관찰중인 1례를 경험하였기에 보고하는 바이다. Granular cell tumors, which occur infrequently, are probably of Schwann cell origin. They can occur almost anywhere in the body but usually affect the tongue, oral cavity, skin, or breasts and are rarely found in the gastrointestinal tracts. The esophagus is the most frequent gastrointestinal site, followed by the stomach and the colon. Granular cell tumors are generally benign, especially in the gastrointestinal tract, some malignant lesions have been reported. For this reason, and also because preoperative diagnosis is difficult, the standard treatment for granular cell tumor has until now been surgical excision. In recent years, other therapeutic methods is endoscopic laser therapy (ELT), polypectiomy, endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR). We report a case of esophageal granular cell tumor which was diagnosed by an endoscopy and managed using an endoscopic mucosal resection without complication.

만성 류마티스 관절염 환자의 자기효능감, 우울 및 일상활동과의 관계

박상연,소희영,김영재,임난영,김명순,강현숙,김인자,서문자,박인혜,이은옥,한정석,이인숙,이은남,은영,송경애,박정숙,배영숙,김명자,김종임 대한류마티스 건강전문학회 1996 근관절건강학회지 Vol.3 No.2

Many arthritis patients experience physical and psychological impairments. Two hundred and three patients were examined to identify the relationships between the variables such as pain, ADL depression, self-efficacy and the effect of self-efficacy on pain, ADL and depression. It was found that ADL is significantly negatively related to depression and pain, and positively related to self-efficacy. Pain was significantly negatively related to self-efficacy, and positively related to depression and ADL. Then stepwise multiple regression was performed to identify the variables to predict ADL, pain and depression. Self-efficacy predicted negatively depression and positively ADL. Depression predicted positively pain. So it was revealed that self-efficacy decreased pain indirectly by influencing depression. Also pain predicted negatively ADL. ADL was predicted directly by pain and self-efficacy. So it is suggested that nursing intervention improving self-efficacy would be useful for patients with depression, pain, and ADL limitation. Moreover, these subjects gained 44 score in depression which means severe depressed state. So it is very important to implement nursing intervention to increase self-efficacy. Recommendations for future research was suggested.

Biological Activity of Recombinant Human Erythropoietin (EPO) In Vivo and In Vitro

Park Jong-Ju,Lee Hyen-Gi,Nam In-Suk,Park Hee-Ja,Kim Min-Su,Chung Yun-Hi,Naidansuren Purevjargal,Kang Hye-Young,Lee Poong-Yun,Park Jin-Gi,Seong Hwan-Hoo,Chang Won-Kyong,Kang Myung-Hwa 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2005 Reproductive & Developmental Biology(Supplement) Vol.29 No.2s

The hematopoietic growth factor erythropoietin (EPO) is required for the maintenance, proliferation, and differentiation of the stem cells that produce erythrocytes. To analyse the biological activity of the recombinant human EPO (rec-hEPO), we have cloned the EPO cDNA and genomic DNA and produced rec-hEPO in the CHO cell lines. The growth and differentiation of EPO-dependent human leukemic cell line (F36E) were used to measure cytokine dependency and in vitro bioactivity of rec-hEPO. MIT assay values were increased by survival of F36E cells at 24h or 72h. The hematocrit and RBC values were increased by subcutaneous injection of 20 IU (in mice) and 100IU(in rats) rec-hEPO. Hematocrit values remarkably increased at $13.2\%$ (in mice) and $12.2\%$ (in rats). The pharmacokinetic behavior with injection of 6 IU of rec-hEPO remained detectable after 24 h in all mice tested. The highest peat appeared at 2h after injection. The long half-life of rec-hEPO is likely to confer clinical advantages by allowing less frequent dosing in patients treated for anemia. These data demonstratethat ree-hEPO produced in this study has a potent activity in vivo and in vitro. The results also suggest that biological activity of ree-hEPO could be remarkably enhanced by genetic engineering that affects the potential activity, including mutants with added oligosaccharide chain and designed to produce EPO-EPO fusion protein.