정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

새로운 Ca^2+ 길항제의 혈압강하효과

함원훈,임태균,정윤성,정윤호,양재권,최원철 성균관대학교 약학연구소 1993 成均藥硏論文集 Vol.5 No.1

Diltiazem and nifedipine, have been used throughout the world as an effective antianginal and antihypertensive agent. In order to increase the activity of these drugs, we synthesized the diltiazem-nifedipine coupling compounds. These compounds^(1-8) were tested for antihypertensive effect. Unfortunately, these compounds didn't show any promising activities.

측두하악 관절의 재건을 위한 늑연골 이식의 효과

김태규,정기돈,신상훈,김성길,이성근,박상준,서종천 大韓顎顔面成形再建外科學會 1996 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.18 No.3

We performed costochondral grafting in mmandibular reconstruction including condyle replacement in 5 patients which have 4 cases of ameloblastoma, 1 case of resorption of left condyle due to osteomyelitis. We harvested the 6 th costochondral cartilage of unaffected side. No specific complications were appeared with unexpected fracture of costochondral junction and infection of operation site, These patients show 30-45mm at month opening, near normal of affected side, near normal or normal of unaffected side at lateral excursion. Postoperative coureses was uneventful with improved cosmetic and functional results. Our report is indicated that the costochondral graft is satisfactory to reconstruct mandibular defect including condyle replacement, especially in growing patients.

골관절염 환자에서 관절내 Sodium Hyaluronate(Hyruan®)의 투여가 슬관절통에 미치는 영향

김훈정,임경준,위상우,정종달,유벙식,안태훈,소금영 조선대학교 2000 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.25 No.2

Background : Sodium Hyaluronate has been found to be deficient in the synovial fluid of patients with osteoarthritis. We evaluate the effect of intraarticular Sodium Hyaluronate(Hyruan®) on the knee joint pain in patients with osteoarthritis. Method : Ten patients with osteoarthritis of the knee were participated in this study. Sodium Hyaluronate was injected into knee joints weekly for 5 weeks consecutively. Clinical evaluations were performed using visual analogue scale(VAS) for pain, tenderness and swollen joint counts weekly for the first 5 weeks and at 10 weeks postinjection. Result : VAS, tenderness and swollen joint were all significantly improved from 2 weeks to 10 weeks. There was no complication, except pain on injection site in two patients. Conclusion : Intraarticular injection of Sodium Hyaluronate has been shown to be effective on the treatment of patients with osteoarthritis of the knee.

척수강내 Bupivavacain에 첨가한 소량의 Neostigmin의 진통효과와 부작용

소금영,정종달,김병철,유벙식,안태훈,김훈정,임경준 조선대학교 2000 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.25 No.2

Background : Spinal cholinergic receptor has been shown to have a antinociceptive action, an effect that can be mimicked by spinal cholinesterase inhibitor. Intrathecal injection of neostigmine cause analgesia and adverse effect in a dose-dependent pattern in the patients. The purpose of this study was to determine whether small doses of intrathecal neostigmine (10, 25 and 50 ㎍) produce analgesia and any side effects. Method : After getting informed consents, 60 patients scheduled for orthopedic surgery of lower extremities under spinal anesthesia were randomly assigned to one of four groups. Using dose-ranging design, patients received either normal saline or neostigmine l0, 25 or 50 ㎍ in a 1-㎎ solution of 5% glucose in normal saline with heavy bupivacaine 12 ㎎. Heart rate, blood pressure, degree of motor and sensory block were recorded. The assessment of postoperative analgesia included time to first rescue, total number of rescue medication and pain score on visual analog scale (VAS) at 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 24 hour. Nausea and vomiting were assessed by using the visual analog scale at 24 hr postperatively and the incidence of them was recorded postoperatively. Result : There were no significant differences among the four groups in characteristics of spinal blocks. Compared to saline, neostigmine groups significantly prolonged time to first rescue medication and decreased total number of rescue medication and pain visual analog scale score, but incidence of nausea and 24hr nausea VAS score were not increased in neostigmine group compared to control group. Conclusion : These data in patients injected intrathecal neostigmine suggest that analgesia may occur at doses less than neostigmine 50 ㎍ and neostigmine 50㎍ has a better analgesia effect with fewer side effects than other doses for postoperative analgesia.

비침습적 검사를 이용한 수술후 하지 심부 정맥 혈전증의 감시

김영욱,정한준,윤봉호,김신윤,이상국,변경환,김태헌 경북대학교 병원 1997 경북대학교병원의학연구소논문집 Vol.1 No.1

Deep vein thrombosis is recognized as a common complication in surgical patients in western countries especially in patients with high risk factors. The purposes of this study were to detect leg DVTs in early postoperative period by non-invasive surveillance and to analyze the risk factors of DVT. One hundred seventy one patients who underwent major operations(67 curative resection of colorectal cancer, 64 total hip replacement, 38 femur operation for fracture, and 2 colon resections for benign colon disease) were included for the prospective surveillance of leg DVT within 2 weeks after the operations. For the surveillance of leg DVT, strain gauge plethysmography(SPG) and Duplex scanning of both legs were completed for all patients except 10 patients. These 10 patients were examined in only one leg. The patients with past history of leg DVT or under prophylactic anticoagulant therapy were excluded from this study. To determine the risk factors related with leg DVT formation, age and sex of the patients, indication of surgery or surgical procedures, duration of operation, position during the operation, duration of postoperative immobilization, and preoperative serum level of antithrombin III (AT- III) were analyzed using Chi-square test. After performing SPG of 342 legs, 38 legs, showed abnormal on venous outflow/venous capacitance discriminant line chart, and 13 legs of 12 patients showed the finding(s) suggesting DVT on duplex scanning. Among the patients with abnormal duplex findings, 7 limbs(53.8%) were symptomatic, but the remaining 6 legs were silent. In 6 (15.8%) patients of 36 femur operations, 3(4.7%) of 64 total hip replacements and 3(4.5%) of 67 curative resections of colorectal cancer developed DVT by duplex scanning in the iliac(5), femoral-popliteal(6), and isolated calf(2) veins. After analyzing the risk factors, we could not find any statistically significant(p<0.05) factor related with leg DVT.

양돈폐수로부터의 수소 생성 특성

장영복,정태영,차기철,정형근,김성헌,김동진,유익근 한국물환경학회 2004 한국물환경학회지 Vol.20 No.4

The characteristics of H₂ production from livestock wastewater were investigated through an anaerobic acid forming process using Clostridium beijerinckii and the photosynthetic process using Rhodobacter sphaeroides. The submerged separation membrane was installed in the acid forming reactor. The photosynthetic process is composed of two reactors(photosynthetic reactor 1 and photosynthetic reactor 2) which is connected continually. The removal rate of COD and the production of volatile fatty acid(VFA) in the acid forming process were approximately 50% and 1000㎎/ L, respectively. The 70% of COD in the effluent of acid forming process was removed through the photosynthetic process. The production of H₂ in the photosynthetic reactor 1 and 2 was 50 and 25mLH₂/gVFA_(COD), respectively. The values of Y in acid forming reactor, photosynthetic reactor 1 and 2 was 0.2263, 0.0601 and 0.0393, respectively. The acetic acid and butyric acid produced in acid forming process were converted to H₂ by photosynthetic bacteria.

미소결함의 형상인식을 위한 디지털 신호처리 적용에 관한 연구

김재열,홍석주,이규태,김병현,김훈조,김양중 韓國工作機械學會 2000 한국생산제조학회지 Vol.9 No.1

In this study, the classified researches the artificial and natural flaws in welding pails are performed using the pattern recognition technology. For this purpose the signal pattern recognition package including the user defined function was developed and the total procedure including the digital signal processing, feature extraction, feature selection and classifi-er selection is treated by bulk. Specially it is composed with and discussed using the statistical classifier such as the linear discriminant function the empirical Bayesian classifier. Also, the pattern recognition technology is applied to classifica-tion problem of natural flaw(i.e multiple classification problem - crack, lack of penetration, lack of fusion, porosity, and slag inclusion, the planar and volumetric flaw classification problem). According to this results, it is possible to acquire the recognition rate of 83% above even through it is different a little according to domain extracting the feature and the classifier.

Interaction of a Gyrating Free-Electron with a Single-Mode Quantized Electronmagnetic Field

CHUNG, Tae Hun 東亞大學校 附設 基礎科學硏究所 1994 基礎科學硏究論文集 Vol.11 No.1

A quantum mechanical description of the interaction of a gyrating free-electron in uniform magnetic field with a single-mode fully quantized electromagnetic field is presented. The interaction Hamiltonian including RWA terms are obtained for the linearly polarized and circularly polarized electromagnetic waves. And the normal mode frequency of the vibrations and eigenstates are calculated. Emission and absorption characteristics associated with cyclotron motion of an electron are also discussed.

Period Doubling and the Chaotic Region in RF-excited Plasmas

CHUNG, Tae Hun,Yoon, Hyun Jin 東亞大學校附設基礎科學硏究所 1998 基礎科學硏究論文集 Vol.15 No.1

The period-doubling and concomitant subharmonic generation are numerically investigated for RF-excited plasmas. Due to the plasma nonlinear capacitance, the current and the voltage wave-forms are found to contain higher harmonic components and subharmonic components. Above a certain power level of the driver, subharmonics which are indicative of a period-doubling(PD) bifurcation are found to become dominant. The equivalent circuit equation modeling the nonlinear capacitance of the plasma is solved numerically by using the Runge-Kutta-Gill method. The period-doubling and the chaotic region are explored by varying the driver amplitude as well as the driver frequency.