정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

반복적인 실신 및 실신전환자의 기립경사 검사시 뇌혈류 변화

조수진,김준수,이광호,정진상,송희정,이상철,서정돈,이원로 대한신경과학회 1999 대한신경과학회지 Vol.17 No.3

北漢山 森林群落의 植物社會學的 硏究

진희성,김광래,안봉원 慶熙大學校 1982 論文集 Vol.11 No.-

The vertical distribution of the canopy trees in Mt.Bukhan was studied by quedrat method. In this mountain, there were distributed about 126 species of main trees and forest communities consist of Quercus mongolica, pinus densiflora, Alnus hirsuta var. sibirica, Acer pseudo-sieboldianum var. koreanum, Sorbus alnifolia, Quercus acutissima and so on. The change of forest communities according to the elevation of this mountain was not conspicious. As The elevation heightened of this mountain, the importance value and summed dominance ratio of Fraxinus rhynchophlla and Acer pseudo-sieboldianum var. koreanum increased, while those of Quercus variabilis lowered. Through all the area of this mountain, mean importance value of Quercus mongolica was high. There appeared difference type of vegetation between valley and ridge area but no directional recognize in the kind of plant species though very few species were limited in a limitted part, such as Celtis aurantica of the ridge area, and Quercus acutissima x variabilis of Jeongnung valley. In each study area, Pinus densiflora on the floor was abundant and the summed dominance ratio of Sorbus alnifolia, Quercus serrata and Quercus aliena were high to elevation range for 250-350m. As the elevation hghtened, the mean of total base value of soil samples in study area was high but the mean of O,M. and available phosphate value of those did not show a fixed tendency. The relationship of the importance value of Fraxinus rhynchophylla and the mean of total base value of soil in study area showed a significant and positive correlation. The index of similarity of the forest communities to the valley and ridge area, and to the southeast and northwest side of Mt.Bukhan were 63.7, 67.7% respectively.

Microwave Absorption Characteristics of U-Type Ferrite Powders According to Substitution Elements and Its Compositions

Kwang‑Pil Jeong,Su‑Won Yang,Jin‑Hyuk Choi,Jeong‑Gon Kim 대한금속·재료학회 2021 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.27 No.8

In this study, partially substituted U-type ferrite (Ba4MexCo2-xFe36O60, Me: Mn, Ni, Zn, x=0.5 and 1.0) powders weresynthesized by sol–gel method. The powders were analyzed for phase formation, morphology and magnetic properties byXRD, FE-SEM and VSM respectively. The synthesized ferrite powders were pressed into a series of toroidal shaped samples,in which the weight ratio of parafn to powder was 1:5. The complex scattering parameters were measured by using vectornetwork analyzer in the frequency range of 2–18 GHz and were employed in the calculation of refection loss with variousthicknesses. The minimum refection loss was observed in the substituted nickel sample as−24.4 dB (absorption rate 99.6%)with a thickness of 2.5 mm and the bandwidth was achieved 4.8 GHz (from 7.5 to 12.3 GHz) for refection loss≤ −10 dBin the substituted zinc sample.

北韓山 森林群落의 植物社會學的 硏究

진희성,김광래,안봉원 경희대학교 부설 식량자원개발연구소 1982 硏究論文集 Vol.3 No.-

The vertical distribution of the canopy trees in Mt. Bukhan was studied by quadrat method. In this mountain, there were distributed about 126 species of main trees and forest communities consist of Quercus mongolica, Pinus densiflora, Alnus hirsuta var. sibirica, Acer pseudo-sieboldianum var. koreanum, Sorbus alnifolia, Quercus acutissima and so on. The change of forest communities according to the elevation of this mountain was not conspicious. As the elevation heightened of this mountain, the importance value and summed dominance ratio of Fraxinus rhynchophlla and Acer pseudo-sieboldianum var. koreanum increased, while those of Quercus variabilis lowered. Through all the area of this mountain, mean importance value of Quercus mongolica was high. There appeared difference type of vegetation between valley and ridge area but no directional recognize in the kind of plant species though very few species were limited in a limitted part, such as Celtis aurantica of the ridge area, and Quercus acutissima × variabilis of Jeongnung valley. In each study area, Pinus densiflora on the floor was abundant and the summed dominance ratio of Sorbus alnifolia, Quercus serrata and Quercus aliena were high to the elevation range for 250-350m. As the elevation hghtened, the mean of total base value of soil samples in study area was high but the mean of O,M. and available phosphate value of those did not show a fixed tendency. The relationship of the importance value of Fraxinus rhynchophylla and the mean of total base value of soil in study area showed a significant and positive correlation. The index of similarity of the forest communities to the valley and ridge area, and to the southeast and northwest side of Mt. Bukhan were 63.7, 67.7% respectively.

학교체육 활성화 방안에 대한 연구(Ⅰ) : 강원대학교 교양체육 운영방법의 개선을 중심으로

이광재,문병용,노성규,박기동,홍관이,한상준,유옥재,엄기진,정청자,오수일,김윤래,박장평,부기원 江原大學校附設 體育科學硏究所 1986 江原大學校附設體育科學硏究所論文集 Vol.- No.11

Try to find a scheme for activation to College Physical Education, this Report informs the various kinds of Survey and process those were projected for improvement of management methods on Cultural Physical Education in Kang Weon National University. From experimentally carried out "Sports events Choosing System" not as usual be inforced "Total practical Skill System", Following Positive effects and sujestions were Presented; 1. "Sports events choosing system" gave birth to more students' interesting and more voluntary participation to the sports events they chose, and sports skill and instruction level was elevated due to charge of expert according to each sports events. This system would be managed continuously hereafter for it related to life sports. 2. This System needs to closed cooperations between College and Community, for the facilities of community are utilized by college. 3. To complete the plan for activation of college Physical Education, additionally, the successional study ; namely "autonomous extracurricular sports activity" should be excuted hereafter.

慶熙大學校 水源캠퍼스 基本計劃에 關한 硏究

金光來,泰熙成,安奉遠,金東贊 慶熙大學校 1980 論文集 Vol.10 No.-

Recently, in response to the demand for a increased effort in education of leader for the next generation, there has been a significant development in the planning of campus, which is the center of research and academic activities of the coming generation. Therefore, many institutions have tried expanding educational facilities both in terms of quality and quantity. But, there always should be more systematic consideration in drafting a campus master plan so that it can meet the demand of the times and future society. Thus, this research has been attempted in order to be prepared for adaptation to growth and change and to carry out the educational goals international current of studies and the characteristic of Suwon Campus, Kyung Hee University.

내연 기관의 연소실 압력 측정을 위한 자료 취득 장치의 개발

전광민,최세진,장원준 연세대학교 산업기술연구소 1990 논문집 Vol.22 No.2

This paper describes the development procedure of the data acquistion system that is user oriented. This high-speed data acquistion system can measure the normal cylinder pressure and the pressure wave caused by the knock occurence. YEDAS, the developed data acquisition system for the cylinder pressure measurement, can take about 200 cycles of the engine cylinder pressures continuously at 3000rpm. Also, YEDAS can take 16 channels of temperature measurement and can control the throttle plate. The maximum speed of the data acqusition is up to 150kHz.

석탄 연소의 수식 모형화의 고찰(2) : Boudouard 반응의 영향 Effects of the Boudouard Reaction

박진용,정광섭,박원훈 한국화학공학회 1980 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.18 No.5

기본표면연소반응(C+½O₂→CO) 및 기상에서의 재연소반응(CO+½O₂→CO₂)에 이어 Boudouard반응에 의하여 이차표면연소가 진행되는 석탄입자의 등온연소과정을 수식모형화 하고 이의 해석을 통하여 Double Film의 존재와 의미 그리고 Boudouard반응(C+CO₂→2CO)이 연소과정에 미치는 영향을 여러각도에서 검토하였다. The isothermal burning of coal was studied through a mathematical model which includes the Boudouard reaction at the coal surface (C+CO₂→2CO) in addition to the primary surface reaction(C+1/2O₂→CO) and the secondary homogeneous reaction(CO+½ O₂→CO₂). The existence and significance of double-film are discussed as well as the effects of the Boudouard reaction on various aspects of the combustion process.

들깻잎이 재배 및 저장기간중 Procymidone 및 Bifenthrin의 잔류량변화

고광용,이용재,원동준,박혜진,이규승 한국환경농학회 2003 한국환경농학회지 Vol.22 No.1

들깻잎에서 procymidone과 bifenthrin의 경우 안전사용기준인 약제살포 후 5일에 각각의 농도가 38.16, 1.77 mg/kg 이지만 이는 살포 조건과 재배환경에 따른 농약의 초기부착농도가 높은데서 기인한 것이라고 예상되어진다. 앞에서의 결과들로 미루어 볼 때 일반적인 농약의 안전사용기준으로 농약을 처리한다면 최초살포 이후 재배기간에서 5일간 50% 이상 이 분해되고 10일 후에는 90%이상이 분해된다. 또한 상온저장 중 20~40%가 분해되며 수돗물 세척에 의해서 만으로도 50%이상이 제거되므로 조리과정을 감안하지 않더라도 초기살포량의 약 90%는 분해 또는 제거되어 안전사용기준에 의거하여 사용한다면 두 약제 모두 MRL이하로 잔류하게 되어 별다른 문제가 없을 것으로 예상되어진다. 하지만 현행법상 수확 시점에 그 잔류량을 조사하도록 되어 있으므로 깻잎의 경우 재배가 대부분 하우스에서 이루어짐을 감안한다면 두 약제 모두 초기살포시 작물체로서의 부착량이 많을 경우에 수확시점에서의 잔류량이 MRL을 상회할 가능성도 있음을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 이에 따른 약제 사용량의 축소나 저농도 약제의 사용, 살포일수의 조정 등에 관한 연구가 필요하다고 본다. In order to know residual pattern of pesticides and to predict degradation period until below MRL, we experimented with procymidone and bifenthrin for perlua leaf which were the most detected pesticides by NAQS (National Agriculture-product Quality management Service) survey. In this experiment, we sprayed those pesticides 10 days before harvest and analyzed 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10 day samples to establish logical equation and to calculate DT_(50). Also degradation patterns of those samples were compared during storage at 4℃ and 20℃. During cultivating period, procymidone residue amount was changed from 79.52 mg/kg (0 day) to 4.2 mg/kg, DT_(50) was 2.65 days by logical-equation, and bifenthrin residue amount was changed from 5.03 mg/kg (0 day) to 0.17 mg/kg, DT_(50) was 2.24 days. During storage period, DTso of procymidone and bifenthrin at 4℃ was 12.23 days and 10.57 days, and at 20℃ was 6.32 days and 8.2 days, respectively.