진도홍주의 만족도와 재구매 의도에 관한 실증적 분석

이제홍 ( Je Hong Lee ) 한국도서(섬)학회 2011 韓國島嶼硏究 Vol.23 No.1

Dynasty period, using Ji-Cho as the main ingredient. The official name of Jindo Hong-Ju is Traditional Red Liquor. Also, Hong-Ju which is red has a unique taste. The urpose of this study is to analyze the satisfaction and re-purchase intention of Jindo Hong-Ju. This paper investigates what determines the satisfaction and re-purchase intention of Jindo Hong-Ju for a consumer. There have been 300 samples and 250 returns. 212 of them are used for this study. The 212 samples are used to analyze the Jindo Hong-Ju. he main results are as follows. First, the multiple regression result shows that the consumer`s satisfaction for the Jindo Hong-Ju is affected by the ``Taste and Perfume``, ``Sales and distribution``, ``Price service``, and Hangover and health. Second, ``Advertisement and publicity` has no effect on satisfaction. Third, Jindo Hong-Ju`s satisfaction is positively affected by the re-purchase intention.

서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1998)

김재홍,김준호,반재용,이정우,황성주,정준규,정성태,강진문,조흔정,홍창의,정혜신,이한승,김이선,이봉길,이종호,선영우,한기덕,윤성필,이성훈,안종성,박석범,문승현,조항래,김형섭,류지호,황재영,박준홍,손상욱 한양대학교 의과대학 2001 한양의대 학술지 Vol.21 No.1

In recent years, gonorrhea has been pandemic and remains one of the most common STDs in the world, especially in developing countries. For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of Penicillinase Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae(PPNG), we have been trying to study the patients who have visited the Venereal Disease Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by menas of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. In 1998, 93 strians of N. genorrhoeae were isolated, among which 60(64.5%) were PPNG. The prevalence of PPNG in Seoul, which had been decreased to 39% in 1996 after a peak of 74.3% in 1993, is increased to 64.5% in 1998.

포인트 클라우드를 이용한 딥러닝 기반의 주행 가능 영역 및 차량 검출을 위한 의미론적 분할에 관한 연구

이용범(Yongbeom Lee),박성근(Seongkeun Park) 한국자동차공학회 2019 한국자동차공학회 학술대회 및 전시회 Vol.2019 No.11

In this paper, we propose a deep learning based semantic segmentation network for drivable space and static or dynamic vehicles detection using point cloud obtained 3D LiDAR. For input of the network, we generate 2D top view image of 3-channels using 3D point cloud information. The network for semantic segmentation consists of a fast and simple Fully Convolutional Neural Network (FCN). The dataset for learning uses the KITTI dataset, which is frequently used for autonomous driving experiments. And the ground truth used for training and evaluation is composed 5-classes: ‘background’, ‘road’, ‘car’, ‘van’, and ‘truck’. Our Experimental results verified that it is possible to detect the drivable space and vehicles for recognition of autonomous driving system at high inference speed.

사상체질류형(四象體質類型)과 체격(體格) 및 신체형태지수(身體形態指數)와의 비교연구(比較硏究) - 도시(都市)와 농촌(農村)의 일부지역(一部地域) 남녀고등학교(男女高等學校) 3학년(學年) 학생(學生)을 대상(對象)으로 -

이문호,홍순용,Lee, Moon-Ho,Hong, Sun-Yong 사상체질의학회 1990 사상체질의학회지 Vol.2 No.1

673 third-year students of boy's and girl's high schools in Taegu city and Kuni-gun and Youngyang-gun and Euisung-gun in Kyongbuk province were selected and investigated as the subject, of this study on the correlation between Lee Jae Ma's Four Types of Essential Physical Constitution and Physical Form index. The result of the study was found as follows. First, as for Height, the findings were not identical with the expression that "person of shaoyin(minor Yin) Type are short and small -- while person of Taiyin (major Yin) Type are tall and big," cited in classification of four different constitutions in a document named "Dong-Eu-Su-Se-Bo-Won". Comparison of persons of Shaoyang (minor Yang) - Type proved infitness due to the lack of data on Height in documents concerning Lee Jae Ma's four types of essential physical constitution. Second, as for Sitting Height, the correlation was prored between the findings of this study and the expression in the above document describing external physical characteristics of shaoyin-Type persons that "The upper part and' the lower part of the body are well balanced", but in point of Relative Sitting Height, none between the two. Third, as for Chest-Girth and Relative Chest-Girth plus Weight and Relative Weight, the expression that "Persons of Taiyin(major Yin) Type have the largest physique of the lour types of persons in the characteristics of external physical features, and that they also tend to have continental(widechest or large-scaled) character and strong nerve, that they are stoutly-built and fal." proved to have the correlation with the findings of this study. Fourth, in point of Chest-Girth and Relative Chest-Girth, this study found that its findings have the correlation with the phrase that "Chests are well developed upwar -- and sturdy and solid." in describing the characteristics of Shaoyang (minor Yang)-Type person' external physical features, and that with the phrase that "Chests are narrow" in the case of Shaoyin(minor Yin)-Type persons. Fifth, as for Weight and Relative Weight, the correlation was found between the findings and the expression that "shaoyin-Type persons have comparatively less flesh" as a sign of external physical characteristics of Shaoyin-Type persons. The above-cited findings proved that there exist some correlations between external physique of the Lee Jae Ma's four types of essential constitution and physical Form Indexes. Actually, however, in clinical classification, it is desirable that this approach should be consulted only after carefull consideration based on Lee Jae Ma's theory, and it seems imperative to continue the study of objectivization of Lee's theory.

성공적인 한국 기업집단의 경영체제 특성과 미래 방향 모색

이경묵(Kyungmook Lee),홍길표(Kil-Pyo Hong) 한국인사조직학회 2014 인사조직연구 Vol.22 No.1

본 논문에서는 세계적인 경쟁력을 가진 한국 기업집단의 경영체제를 분석함으로써, 경영체제상의 한국 기업의 성공요인을 찾아내고, 이를 바탕으로 한국 기업의 경영체제가 지향할 방향을 제시하고자 한다. 이를 위해 먼저 한국기업의 경영체제 특성을 연구하기 위한 핵심주제와 그 현상특성에 대해 개관하였고, 이를 기반으로 사례연구의 분석관점을 구성했다. 사례연구는 세계적인 경쟁력을 갖춘 한국 기업집단인 삼성그룹, 현대기아차그룹, 포스코그룹을 대상으로 수행했다. 사례연구를 바탕으로 한국의 대표적 기업집단이 세계적인 기업집단으로 도약하는데 기여한 경영체제상의 세 가지 특성을 도출하였다. 첫째, 세계적인 기업을 만들겠다는 원대한 비전과 강렬한 의지를 가지고 있으면서도 동시에 주력사업의 핵심성공요소를 잘 이해한 뛰어난 그룹 최고결정권자가 존재했다는 점, 둘째, 이들이 장기간 기업을 이끌면서 막강한 권한을 행사할 수 있도록 지배기반을 제공한 계열사간 복합적인 소유구조와 계열사간 관계를 유지할 수 있었다는 점, 셋째, 그룹 최고결정권자의 리더십 및 소유구조 특성에 적합한 그룹경영시스템을 구축하여 그룹 임직원들의 역량을 결집해 나갔다는 점 등을 들 수 있다. 이들 사례가 다른 한국기업에 던지는 시사점으로 본 연구에서는 주력사업의 핵심성공요소를 잘 이해하면서도 세계 일류기업을 만들겠다는 강한 의지를 가진 최고결정권자의 육성과 검증, 장기적인 관점에서의 비전경영, 조직의 각 부문과 임직원들이 그룹 최고결정권자의 강한 의지에 맞게 행동하도록 하는 그룹경영 시스템의 구축이 필요하다는 점을 제시하였다. This paper aims to identify the success factors in the governance systems of Korean corporate groups and suggests the future directions of the governance systems of Korean firms by analyzing three successful Korean corporate groups: Samsung, Hyundai-Kia Motors, and POSCO. In order to analyze their governance structures, we developed a two-by-two matrix framework to identify their key governance system characteristics. In one dimension, we distinguish non-Chaebol corporate groups from Chaebol type. In the other dimension, we identify vertically-integrated corporate groups with a single core business from diversified corporate groups with multiple core businesses. Samsung group is a Chaebol type corporate group with multiple core businesses, while Hyundai-Kia Motors group is a Chaebol type corporate group with a single core business. POSCO group is a non-Chaebol corporate group with a single core business. Then, we describe the governance systems of each corporate group in detail. We collected data mainly by interviewing multiple executives of those groups. Samsung group is the largest and most successful Korean corporate group so far. It has grown very fast and has become a world-class corporate group under the leadership of group Chairman Kun-Hee Lee. Key characteristics of Samsung’s governance system can be summarized as follows. First, the role of Chairman Lee has been critical in Samsung’s success in the global market. He had a very strong will to transform Samsung into a world-class corporate group, provided an audacious vision to organizational members of the Samsung group, and suggested basic direction to transform the group by using his business insight. He directed the group with a long-term vision and deep understanding of the critical success factors of Samsung’s major businesses. Chairman Lee’s vision has been implemented by a very powerful group headquarters and by professional managers. The group headquarters coordinates and integrates decisions of affiliate companies to pursue group level optimization. The headquarters exerts a strong influence on nominating directors and executives of affiliate companies, and is involved in major investment decisions of the affiliates. Executives of affiliate companies are nominated on the basis of their own performance as well as of the performance of the organizational unit they work for. Monetary compensation of organizational members is very tightly linked with business performance and thus the incentives of stockholders, executives, and the rank-and-file are tightly aligned. This tight incentive alignment helps Samsung concentrate efforts of its employees to achieve the vision of Chairman Lee. The Hyundai-Kia Motors group has emerged as a major player in world automobile industry under the leadership of Chairman Mong-Ku Chung. Similar to Samsung’s Chairman Lee, Chairman Chung had a very strong will to build up a world-class automobile corporate group, provided an audacious vision, and dictated the quality improvement as the most important success factor in the automobile industry. While Chairman Lee delegates most of his decisions to professional managers in Samsung, Chairman Chung remains involved in major decisions of his affiliate companies. Chairman Chung has practiced “management by wandering around.” He has frequently visited major places of his concern and checks whether his vision is being properly implemented. Group headquarters does not play a major role in group-level governance in this group but provide decision support services to Chairman Chung and the CEOs of affiliate companies. While a very large portion of executives in affiliate companies of Samsung group are trained in managerial functions such as finance, accounting, human resources management, and auditing, the majority of executives in the Hyundai-Kia Motors group are trained in assembly, quality control, sales and marketing, and R&D.

교대로 운전되는 두 개의 UV/광촉매반응기로 구성된 폐가스 처리시스템에서의 광촉매의 비활성화 및 재생 특성

이은주 ( Eun Ju Lee ),정찬홍 ( Chan Hong Chung ),임광희 ( Kwang-hee Lim ) 한국화학공학회 2021 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.59 No.4

본 연구에서는 교대로 운전되는 두 개의 UV/광촉매 반응기로 구성된 폐가스 처리시스템의 운전단계와 단계별 광촉매의 비활성화의 상관관계를 사용된 광촉매에 대한 기기분석을 통하여 규명하였다. 선행연구[Lee와 Lim, Korean Chem. Eng. Research, 59(4), 574-583 (2021)]의 광촉매 반응기 시스템 운전에 사용되지 않은 광촉매를 담지한 다공성 SiO₂ 담체(A4), 1회 운전하는 동안 사용되고 재생을 경험하지 않은 광촉매를 담지한 다공성 SiO₂ 담체(A1), 2회 운전에 사용되고 1회 재생된 광촉매를 담지한 다공성 SiO₂ 담체(A2) 및 3회 운전에 사용되고 2회 재생된 광촉매를 담지한 다공성SiO₂ 담체(A3)와, 1차 재생(AD1) 또는 3차 재생(AD3)된 광촉매를 담지한 다공성 SiO₂ 담체에 대한 BET 분석, SEM, XPS, SEM-EDS 및 FTIR 분석 등을 수행하여, 광촉매를 담지한 다공성 SiO₂ 담체의 비활성화 및 재생 특성을 포함하는 특성 분석을 수행하였다. 그 결과로서, 3회 이상의 여러 번 재생을 수행하는 광촉매의 적정 재생 온도를 200℃ 미만으로 도출하였다. 이러한 광촉매의 적정 재생 온도는 BET 분석결과에서 도출된 기공에 흡착된 에탄올 산화분해 중간생성물의 대부분이 완전 분해가 되어 기공이 재생되는 재생 온도와 거의 일치하였다. 특히, XPS 분석 결과는, 선행 연구[Lee와 Lim, Korean Chem. Eng. Research, 59(4), 574-583 (2021)]에서 광촉매 반응기의 첫 번째 운전 후에 광촉매의 미세한 비활성화가 발생하였음을 나타내었다. 또한, XPS 분석 결과는, 선행연구[Lee와 Lim, Korean Chem. Eng. Research, 59(4), 574-583 (2021)]에서 광촉매 반응기의 두 번째 운전에서 비교적 큰 광촉매의 비활성화가 발생하여 첫번째 운전성능보다 약 5%만큼 못 미치는 에탄올과 황화수소 각각의 제거효율을 초래하였으나, 세 번째 운전에서의 에탄올과 황화수소의 제거효율은 두 번째 운전에서의 에탄올과 황화수소의 제거효율 실험 결과와 거의 비슷하였다는 연구 결과와 일치하였다. 한편, AD3를 사용하여 선행연구[Lee와 Lim, Korean Chem. Eng. Research, 59(4), 574-583 (2021)]에서와 같은 광촉매 반응기의 네 번째 운전을 수행할 것을 가정하면, 두 번째 운전에서보다 더 큰 광촉매의 비가역적 비활성화의 발생으로 인하여 에탄올과 황화수소 제거효율이 가장 크게 저하되리라 예상되었다. In this study, the correlation between operating stages of waste air-treating system composed of two alternatively-operating UV/photocatalytic reactors, and the deactivation of photocatalyst used in each operating stage, was investigated by instrumental analysis thereon. The repeated deactivation and subsequent re-generation of photocatalyst used in the waste air treating system of previous investigation performed by Lee and Lim (Korean Chem. Eng. Research, 59(4), 574-583(2021)), were characterized on virgin photocatalyst-carrying porous SiO₂ media (A4), used photocatalystcarrying porous SiO₂ media (A1, A2 and A3) collected from the corresponding photocatalytic reactor upon 1^st, 2^nd, and 3^rd run, respectively, regenerated photocatalyst-carrying porous SiO₂ media upon 1 time-run (AD1) and 3 times regenerated photocatalyst-carrying porous SiO₂ media upon 3 time-runs (AD3) by instrumental analysis including BET analysis, SEM, XPS, SEM-EDS and FT-IR. As a result, the proper regeneration-temperature for deactivated photocatalyst to be regenerated several times (more than 3 times), was suggested below 200℃. Such temperature of deactivated photocatalystregeneration was almost consistent to the one, according to BET analysis, at which tiny nano-pores blocked by adsorbed ethanol-oxidative and degraded intermediates (AEODI), were regenerated to be reopened through almost complete mineralization of AEODI. In particular, the results of XPS analysis indicated an incurrence of insignificant deactivation of photocatalysis upon 1^st run of UV/photocatalytic reactor (A or C) of the previous investigation. In addition, the results of XPS analysis were consistent with the experimental results of the previous investigation in that 1) deactivation of photocatalyst incurred during 2^nd run of the UV/photocatalytic reactor (A or C) resulted in decreased removal efficiency, by ca. 5% and 5%, of ethanol and hydrogen sulfide, respectively, compared with its 1^st run; 2) there was insignificant difference between the removal efficiencies of its 2^nd run and 3^rd run. Furthermore, the removal efficiencies of ethanol and hydrogen sulfide for hypothetical 4^th run of photocatalytic reactor in the previous investigation, using AD3, were expected to decrease, compared with its 3^rd run, by much more than those for 2^nd run in the previous investigation did, compared with its 1^st run.

Critical role of bile acid (BA) in the cellular entry and permissiveness of Hepatitis B virus in vitro

Hong‑Jai Lee,Bo‑Young Shin,Jae‑Seung Moon,Ailyn Fadriquela,Selikem Abla Nuwormegbe,Chun‑Chang Ho,Jin‑Su Shin,Jee‑Sang Yoon,Sang‑Kyou Lee,Soo‑Ki Kim 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2020 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.16 No.3

Background Lack of universal replication system for hepatitis B virus with narrow host range and organ tropism has hampered to uncover the pathogenesis of HBV. Previously, we reported the essentiality of humoral milieu and its components toward HBV and hepatitis C virus survival/viability in vitro. Of these components, the precise role of enterohepatic humoral milieu such as bile acid (BA) on HBV cultivation in vitro and in vivo is unknown. Objective We explored whether BA, specifically taurochenodeoxycholic acid (tCDCA) would directly regulate the viral DNA and surface antigen expression of HBV in vitro, consequently rendering HBV to enter into human or murine immortalized hepatocytes, and non-hepatocytes. Result We found that higher concentration of taurochenodeoxycholic acid (tCDCA) is able to preserve the genomic stability of HBV in cell-free DMEM, showing higher the surface antigenicity than taurocholic acid (tCA). In line, we found that in vitro cell culture condition (100 μmol/L of tCDCA coupled with 1 × 108 g e/mL HBV) would be optimal for HBV entry into target cells. Using this, human (HepG2, Huh7), and rodent (Hepa1c1c7, H4-II-E) hepatoma cell lines were infected by HBV, as evidenced by the presence of HBV biomarkers (HBsAg, and HBV DNA in culture supernatant, as well as HBcAg in cell). Further, cellular entry test revealed that HBV is able to infect 12 different non-hepatic cell lines regardless of species, and organ/tissue, consequently reproducing progeny as confirmed by HBV biomarkers. Last, reinfection test showed that the progenies of HBV from immortalized HepG2, and Hepa1c1c7 cells are able to enter into each or vice versa naïve HepG2, and Hepa1c1c7 cells with or without BA. Conclusion This study demonstrates that enterohepatic humoral milieu such as BA, specifically tCDCA would directly regulate HBV DNA and its surface antigen expression in vitro, consequently rendering HBV to enter into human or murine immortalized hepatocytes, and non-hepatocytes. This is the first note to render HBV permissive to human or rodent hepatic and non-hepatic cells via sole manipulation of humoral milieu, thus establishing the platform for in vitro robust replication system of HBV.

Economy Conditions in the Minimalist Theory : Local or Global

Lee, Hong Bae 대한언어학회 1997 언어학 Vol.5 No.1

Lee, Hong-Rae. 1997. Economy Conditions in the Minimalist Theory: Local Or Global. Linguistics, 5-1, 255-279. The paper discusses the problems related to the "global" nature of economy conditions in the Minimalist Program developed by Chomsky (1993 & 1995), and the advantages of reformulating "global" economy conditions into "local" ones. I suggest the Maximality Condition that requires that the operation with maximal effects be chosen to apply, to supplement Collins' (1997) Minimality Condition. (Seokang University)

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

승무 좌우치기 동작 중 숙련도와 류파에 따른 어깨 각도, 각속도 및 근활성도의 비교

홍경아(Hong, Kyung-A),김현숙(Kim, Hyun-Sook),이만균(Lee, Man-Gyoon) 한국체육과학회 2013 한국체육과학회지 Vol.22 No.6

This study was designed to compare joint angle, angular velocity, and EMG activity of shoulder during "Joa-u-chigi" according to skill level and style of "Seungmu". Ten skilled and ten unskilled Korean dancers participated in the study. Dependent variables were compared according to skill level as well as between skilled dances of both styles. Main results were as follows: 1) In "Mae-Bang Lee" style, the amount of changes in angle and angular velocity were greater in skilled than unskilled. In addition, EMG activity of trapezius was greater at P1 and P3 in skilled than unskilled. 2) In "Young-Sook Han" style, angle and angular velocity of shoulder were not changed from middle of P1 to end of P2 in unskilled, indicating that their shoulder was not moved properly. 3) The movement of "Young-Sook Han" style started with greater angle of shoulder than "Mae-Bang Lee" style. Range of changes in angular velocity of "Young-Sook Han" style was greater than "Mae-Bang Lee" style throughout the movement. Conclusion was that the movement of shoulder during "Joa-u-chigi" was performed with more balanced manner as well as in smoother and stronger fashion in skilled than unskilled in both styles. These results would be expected to be applied well in the field of education as a very meaningful information.