정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

자동창고 시스템의 저장위치 선정에 관한 시뮬레이션 연구

손권익,김창덕,조용환 江原大學校 産業技術硏究所 1994 産業技術硏究 Vol.14 No.-

This study deals with the automated storage/retrieval systems (AS/RS) where the rack is discrete and the random storage assignment rule is adopted. New storage policies named FNSC(first no-cost zone, second closest-open location) and FNSH(first no-cost zone, second a half side closest-open location) are proposed. Simulation results indicate that performance of FNSH is slightly lower than that of the SCL but it does not need much time to perform. The "stay" strategy of S/R machine is examined as a means of increasing the frequency of dual command.

전측 시개전핵의 하행성 통각 조절계에 대한 하올리브 수준의 복측 연수의 관여

이배환,홍승길,안창일,손진훈,김기석 한국심리학회 한국심리학회지 생물 및 생리 Vol.6 No.1

본 연구는 전측 시개전핵의 자극으로 인한 하행성 통각 억제 체계에 하올리브 수준의 복측 연수가 관여하는가를 알아보기 위해 수행되었다. 펜토바비탈로 마취된 쥐의 꼬리튀기 반사를 사용하여 전측 시개전핵을 전기자극하고 복측 연수를 전기손상시키거나 리도카인을 주입한 결과 전측 시개전핵의 자극으로 유발된 무통 효과가 억제되었다. 반대로 복측 연수를 전기자극하거나 글루타메이트를 주입하여 세포체를 활성화시키면 마찬가지로 무통이 발생하였다. 이 결과는 전측 시개전핵의 하행성 통각 억제 체계에 하올리브 수준의 복측 연수가 관여한다는 것을 시사한다. The present study was conducted to determine whether the ventral medulla (VM) at the level of the inferior olive (IO) is involved in descending pain inhibition system including the anterior pretectal nucleus (APTN). Pain sensitivity was assessed using tail-flick test to radiant heat in the rat anaesthetized with pentobarbital. Electrolytic lesions of the VM or microinjections of lidocaine into the VM inhibited the analgesic effects of stimulating the APTN. Electrical stimulation of the VM or microinjections of glutamate into the VM produced analgesic effects similar to those of stimulating the APTN. These results suggest that the VM including the IO is involved in a descending antinociceptive pathway originating in the APTN.

톨루엔을 포함한 유기용제의 직업적 폭로로 인한 신경내분비계 영향

이채언,이종태,정의화,손혜숙,문덕환,전진호,강정학,이창희,김휘동,김종한,정귀옥 大韓産業醫學會 1995 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.7 No.2

Long term occupational exposure to solvent mixtures may cause adverse effects to the central nervous system with neurobehavioral symptoms. And some organic slovents have been suggested to cause impairment of tuberoinfundibular dopaminergic activity and neurochemical mechanisms controlling pituitary secretion. For the purpose of assessing neuroendocrine effects in occupational solvents exposure, hormonal study settings (shoes-manufacturing industry & fishing products industry) and compared with nonexposed controls(33 men, 85 women). Male workers exposed to solvent mixtures had significantly lower plasma level of follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH) than nonexposed male controls. While female workers exposed to solvent mixtures had significantly lower plasma levels of growth hormone(GH), and thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) than nonexposed female controls. The results of significant decrease in plasma concentrations of pituitary hormones(FSH, GH, and TSH) in workers exposed solvent mixtures indicate that occupational exposure to solvent mixtures may induce neuroendocrine effects through an effect on hypothalamic pituitary axis.

만성 승모판 패쇄부전증 환자에서의 안지오텐신 전환효소 억제제의 장기 투여 효과

김대희,이명묵,이해영,조현재,박승정,서재빈,서정원,양한모,윤창환,조상호,이준희,김용진,김명아,손대원,오병희,박영배 대한순환기학회 2004 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.34 No.2

前腕部 經穴 取穴에서 骨度分寸法과 一夫法의 比較 硏究

박히준,채윤병,차웅석,박종배,이혜정,이향숙,인창식,고형균,김수영,최일환,김강식,문정배,배기태,유경환,육근영,정병주,손인철,임사비나 WHO COLLABORATING CENTRE FOR TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2004 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2004 No.-

Background : The cun measurement System, an essential and convenient method in locating acupoints, has been widely used in the practice of acupuncture. However, traditional cun measurement has been criticized for its lack of reliability. Objectives : The purposes of this study are to determine if one cun measured by the directional methods have a consistency with that of proportional methods and to investigate which factors are related with these differences, especially in forearm. Methods : The distance between the elbow crease and the wrist crease of forearm was compared to a reference value of one cun obtained by the directional method. In this method, one cun is one third of the distance between index finger and Small finger of a subject, measured at proximal interphalangeal joint. In addition, to investigate the factors influencing the differences between these two methods, we measured the height and body weight and calculated body mass index (BMI). Finally we analyzed the factors correlated with these lengths by linear regression test. Results : The results showed that one cun obtained by the directional methods were significantly different from one cun by the proportional methods in forearm. It was demonstrated that the length acquired with the directional method was more correlated with body weight and body mass index, while the length obtained by the proportional method was more correlated with the height.

Helicobacter pylori 의 간균형에서 구균형으로의 형태 변화에 따른 항원 발현의 변화에 관한 연구

이학성,이종화,김창규,신형순,김정택,노임환,손소희 대한소화기학회 1999 대한소화기학회지 Vol.33 No.1

Background/Aims: There are several opinions whether the coccoid forms of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) are viable, infective or degenerative. The aims of this study were to induce coccoid conversion of H. pylori, to study antigenic evolutions during this conversion, and then, to elucidate the viability of coccoid forms. Methods: The antigenic evolution during coccoid conversion of H. pylori was studied by Western blotting using different sera from forty six patients who were H. pylori positive. These sera were used to obtain the total antigens of the strain cultured for 2 days (100% rod) and for 15 days ($gt;99% coccoid). Results: The antigenic profiles were not changed in 47.8% (22/46 cases) and were changed in 52.2% (24/46 cases) during coccoid conversion. Antigenic fractions disappeared during coccoid conversion were belonged to protein bands at 120 kDa (corresponding to CagA) and at 35 kDa (corresponding to porin or adhesin). Conclusions: The result showed that coccoid forms of H. pylori retain the same cellular structures as rod form, and some of the antigens disappeared during coccoid conversion. Therefore, coccoid form might be viable, and represent one of the stages of biological cycle of H. pylori. (Kor J Gastroenterol 1999;33:20 - 26)

Endoscopic assessment of tumor regression after preoperative chemoradiotherapy as a prognostic marker in locally advanced rectal cancer

Sohn, Dae Kyung,Han, Kyung Su,Kim, Byung Chang,Hong, Chang Won,Chang, Hee Jin,Baek, Ji Yeon,Kim, Min Ju,Park, Sung Chan,Oh, Jae Hwan,Kim, Dae Yong Elsevier 2017 Surgical oncology Vol.26 No.4

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Purpose</B></P> <P>This study was designed to evaluate tumor regression endoscopic criteria for predicting the post-chemoradiotherapy (CRT) prognosis of patients with locally advanced rectal cancer.</P> <P><B>Material and methods</B></P> <P>A total of 425 patients with rectal cancer who received radical surgery after CRT were included in this study. All patients were divided into two groups according to post-CRT preoperative endoscopic findings: 1) good response (E-GR): scar, telangiectasia, or erythema; 2) minimal or no response (E-MR): nodules, ulcers, strictures, or remnant tumor. Cox proportional hazard models were used to analyze the effect of preoperative clinicopathological variables on disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS).</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>The independent prognostic factors for DFS were tumor location less than 5 cm from anal verge (hazard ratio [HR] 1.92, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.27 to 2.88), pre-CRT carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) > 5 ng/mL (HR 2.10, 95% CI 1.41 to 3.14), histologic high grade (HR 2.96, 95% CI 1.51 to 5.81), and E-GR (HR 0.26, 95% CI 0.08 to 0.83). The independent prognostic factors for OS were age over 65 years, tumor location, pre-CRT CEA, histologic grade, and E-GR (HR 0.13, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.99).</P> <P><B>Conclusions</B></P> <P>Post-CRT endoscopic findings were predictors of prognosis in patients with rectal cancer. If endoscopic findings are simultaneously used with certain preoperative prognostic factors, rectal cancer patients will potentially have more treatment options.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Endoscopic findings after chemoradiotherapy are an independent prognostic factor. </LI> <LI> Endoscopic good responses include scarring, telangiectasia and erythema. </LI> <LI> Endoscopic minimal responses include nodule, ulcer, stricture and remnant tumor. </LI> </UL> </P>

Optical imaging of absorption and distribution of RITC-SiO ₂ nanoparticles after oral administration

Lee, Chang-Moon,Lee, Tai Kyoung,Kim, Dae-Ik,Kim, Yu-Ri,Kim, Meyoung-Kon,Jeong, Hwan-Jeong,Sohn, Myung-Hee,Lim, Seok Tae Dove Medical Press 2014 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE Vol.9 No.2

<P><B>Purpose</B></P><P>In this study, we investigated the absorption and distribution of rhodamine B isothiocyanate (RITC)-incorporated silica oxide nanoparticles(SiNPs) (RITC-SiNPs) after oral exposure, by conducting optical imaging, with a focus on tracking the movement of RITC-SiNPs of different particle size and surface charge.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>RITC-SiNPs (20 or 100 nm; positively or negatively charged) were used to avoid the dissociation of a fluorescent dye from nanoparticles via spontaneous or enzyme-catalyzed reactions in vivo. The changes in the nanoparticle sizes and shapes were investigated in an HCl solution for 6 hours. RITC-SiNPs were orally administered to healthy nude mice at a dose of 100 mg/kg. Optical imaging studies were performed at 2, 4, and 6 hours after oral administration. The mice were sacrificed at 2, 4, 6, and 10 hours post-administration, and ex vivo imaging studies were performed.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>The RITC-SiNPs were stable in the HCl solution for 6 hours, without dissociation of RITC from the nanoparticles and without changes in size and shape. RITC-SiNPs flowed into the small intestine from the stomach and gradually moved along the gut during the experiment. In the ex vivo imaging studies, optical signals were observed mostly in the lungs, liver, pancreas, and kidneys. The orally administered RITC-SiNPs, which were absorbed in the systemic circulation, were eliminated from the body into the urine. The 20 nm RITC-SiNPs showed higher uptake in the lungs than the 100 nm RITC-SiNPs. The distribution of the 100 nm RITC-SiNPs in the liver was higher than that of the 20 nm RITC-SiNPs, but the differences in the surface charge behavior were imperceptible.</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>We demonstrated that the movement of RITC-SiNPs after oral exposure could be traced by optical imaging. Optical imaging has the potential to provide valuable information that will help in understanding the behavior of SiNPs in the body following exposure.</P>

Early Surgical Treatment versus Conservative Treatment for Appendicitis in Cancer Patients on Chemotherapy

Hyung Hwan Kim(김형환),Sung Sil Park,Sin Hye Park,Dong Woon Lee,Hyoung Chul Park,Sung Chan Park,Chang Won Hong,Dae Kyung Sohn,Kyung Su Han,Hee Jin Chang,Jae Hwan Oh 대한외과학회 2021 대한외과학회 학술대회 초록집 Vol.2021 No.5