http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
서정원 보조사상연구원 2024 보조사상 Vol.68 No.-
This study aims to understand the meaning of the bodhisattva idea in its earliest period by focusing on the previous studies on the idea of bodhisattva. Starting from the problem that the word bodhisattva is based on the concept of ātman, which does not resonate with the Buddhist theory of anātman, and is close to the religious mindset of India in general outside of Buddhism, we examine how this non-Buddhist idea was established in the early sutras. As a result, bodhi - sattva was introduced in the context of the birth of a bodhisattva who 'possessed' wisdom to describe the miraculous event of the conception and birth of the bodhisattva, rather than referring to the known past lives of the Buddha. From here, the meaning would have been gradually expanded to refer to the Buddha's past lives in general. After this, a group of monks emerged who, in a sense, sought the Buddha, not the Arhats as advocated by established Buddhism. They composed new texts against the scriptures and temple life of established Buddhism and favored a new way of life, such as araṇya. In particular, the praise of the araṇya life, not the temple life, and the praise of ascetic practices was close to the religious mindset of India in general, except for Buddhism, as mentioned earlier. They sought to replace the view of the pagoda and the relics, which played a central role in the temple economy of established Buddhism, with the view of the araṇya practitioner. This necessitated a trick of sorts in which they superimposed images of themselves as practitioners of the six-year asceticism of the Buddha. So they probably wanted to refer to themselves as practitioners who would become Buddhas, and the most appropriate ready-made Buddhist term for this would have been bodhisattva. However, as practitioners of aranyā, they could seek wisdom, but not in the sense of having wisdom, so they would have constructed a form of meaning that was grammatically more difficult than the wisdom-seeking, wisdom-desiring sentient being, the wellspring of wisdom.
서정원,최호성 21세기영어영문학회 2016 영어영문학21 Vol.29 No.1
This study examines the use of conjunctive adverbials (CAs) in the research articles (RAs) written by American (ENL), Hong Kong/Singaporean (ESL), and Korean (EFL) scholars. Specifically, this study aims to identify and analyze the overall frequency of CAs and usage patterns of the four semantic categories of CAs occurring in the three groups as well as any patterns of overuse, underuse, and misuse by each group. The results indicate that the overall frequency of CAs used by the Korean EFL scholars was significantly greater than that of the ENL and ESL scholars. They overused adversative and causal categories of CAs most often, while the frequency of use of CAs in all semantic categories was nearly identical between the ENL and ESL scholars. With a closer examination of the actual use of individual CAs, some misuse of CAs was found in both the ESL and EFL groups, but the amount of misuse was greater in the EFL writing. The problematic use of CAs was found to be due to a misunderstanding of semantic and grammatical functions which may have led to a failure in developing logical relation in writing.
철도차량 대차프레임의 용접 및 보수용접의 잔류응력 특성평가
서정원,권석진,구병춘,이찬우,이동형 한국도시철도학회 2020 한국도시철도학회논문집 Vol.8 No.4
The bogie frame of a railway vehicle requires a service life of 25 years or more, and because of repeated fatigue loads during operation, cracks occur in the welding part. There are several ways to repair cracks, but in the case of a bogie frame, repair welding is performed by GMAW after removing the cracks. Residual stress inevitably occurs in the weld, which has a great influence on the fatigue strength and varies depending on the material and welding method. In this paper, the residual stress characteristics of SM490A, the material used in the bogie frame, were evaluated for welding and repair welding. For this, finite element analysis procedures for welding and repair welding were presented, and specimens were prepared and tests were performed. In addition, the change of residual stress according to the post weld heat treatment(PWHT) was investigated through F.E. analysis. 철도차량의 대차프레임은 25년 이상의 수명을 요구되고, 주행 중에 반복적인 피로하중이 작용하므로 용접부위에서 균열이 발생한다. 균열을 보수하는 방법은 여러 가지가 있지만, 대차프레임의 경우에는 균열을 제거한 후 가스메탈아크용접으로 보수용접을 실시한다. 용접부에서는 잔류응력이 필연적으로 발생하고 이는 피로강도에 커다란 영향을 미치며 재료 및 용접방법에 따라서 달라진다. 본 논문에서는 대차프레임에서 사용하고 있는 재료인 SM490A에 대한 용접 및 보수용접에 대한 잔류응력 특성을 평가하였다. 이를 위하여 용접 및 보수용접에 대한 유한요소해석 절차를 제시하였고, 시험편을 제작하여 이에 대하여 검증하였다. 또한, 후열처리 조건에 따른 잔류응력변화를 유한요해석을 통하여 조사하였다.
동기, 태도, 관여 수준에 따른 생태관광축제 브랜드 가치인식 -무주반딧불축제 중심으로 -
서정원 한국관광연구학회 2006 관광연구저널 Vol.20 No.3
There are lots of annual local festivals in korea, most of which have been poorly managed and have failed to effectively maximize eco-tourism development. In this context, this study was initiated as an attempt to discern how local festivals can effectively recognized as a brand value. and their effects on that festivals. The purpose of this study are: (1) The reason why they visit, attitude as a tourist, and involvement in Firefly festival in Muju (2) to investigate any significant relationship among brand recognition and satisfaction.