십이지장 결핵 2예의 내시경적 고찰

장린,박충기,민영일,장영운,우정택,방익수,최학림,장주희 대한소화기내시경학회 1985 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.5 No.1

Today, the duodenal tuberculosis is a very rare disease. Final diagnosis of duodenal tuberculosis is difficult due to inconsistent symptoms and nonspecific duodenal lesions. We found 2 cases of duodenal tuberculosis by gastrascopy. In gastroscopic findings, there were undetermined ulcers and irregular nodular mucosal changes.

상피성 암세포주에 대한 녹차 Catechin의 효과

박정현(Jeong Hyun Park),김대중(Dae Joong Kim),한장희(Jang Hee Hahn),김홍태(Hong Tae Kim),정용욱(Yong Wook Jung),성훈기(Hoon Ki Sung),김주영(Joo Young Kim),송인환(In Hwan Song),성언기(Eon Gi Sung),이융창(Yung Chang Lee) 대한해부학회 2001 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.34 No.5

Catechin은 녹차에서 추출되는 폴리페놀의 주요성분으로 고혈압 및 동맥경화의 예방효과, 당뇨억제효과, 항산화작용, 항암작용 등에 직접 관여하는 물질이다. 본 연구에서는 태평양에서 제공받은 녹차 catechin을 이용하여 상피성 암세포주인 A549 (폐암)와 EATC (복수암)세포에 투여한 후 처리농도와 시간에 따른 변화를 비교, 관찰함으로써 녹차의 효과와 작용기전을 밝혀내는데 목적이 있었다. 본실험은 A549 세포와 EATC 세포를 배양한 후 녹차 catechin을 1, 10, 100, 500 μg/ml의 농도로 48시간 동안 처리하였고, 광학현미경, 공초점현미경, 전자현미경 등을 이용하여 세포의 구조적 변화를 확인하였으며 MTT분석, 전기영동, 유세포분석기 등을 사용하여 세포 손상정도를 파악하였다. A549 세포에서는 catechin 1 μg/ml와 10 μg/ml 농도에서는 대조군에 비하여 큰 변화를 관찰할 수 없었다. 100 μg/ml catechin을 처리하였을 때 세포내의 검은 과립들의 수가 증가하였고 층판소체의 손상이 나타났다. 세포주기의 장애가 나타나 DNA 합성전기에 있는 세포들의 수가 급격히 증가하였다. 500 μg/ml 농도에서는 층판소체와 사립체의 파괴가 심하게 나타났으며 세포생존율이 감소하였고 세포주기의 장애도 관찰되었다. EATC 세포에서는 catechin의 농도가 A549 세포의 경우보다 낮은 농도에서도 세포증식 억제 및 세포손상 효과가 나타났다. 10 μg/ml 농도에서도 세포의 위축과 생존율의 감소가 일어났으며 전기영동상에 괴사되는 세포들이 파악되었다. 100μg/ml catechin을 처리하였을 때 자연사의 형태학적 관찰, 전기영동, 유세포분석 등에서 자연사 과정에 있는 세포들이 많이 나타났다. 결과적으로 녹차 catechin을 배양한 상피성 암세포에 투여함으로서 세포의 생존율과 증식이 억제되었고 그 과정에서 괴사, 자연사, 세포주기의 장애 등이 관여하는 것으로 생각된다. 그러나 일련의 세포손상과정을 유도하는 데 있어 세포의 종류, 처리 시간, 농도에 따라 다소 차이가 있음을 확인하였다. Catechin is main component of polyphenol extracts from green tea, it is associated with prevention of hypertension and atherosclerosis, anti-diabetic effect, antioxidant, antitumor. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect and its mechanism of green tea catechin on epithelial cancer cell lines in various concentrations and durations. For this study, epithelial cancer cell lines, A549 (lung cancer), EATC (Ehrlich-Lettre ascites tumor cell) were used. Inverted, light, confocal and electron microscopes were applied to find morphological changes. MTT assay, flowcytometric analysis, gel electrophoresis were used to compare severity of cellular damages to control after exposure to 1, 10, 100 and 500 μg/ml catechin for 48 hours. In the A549 cells, after 1 μg/ml and 10 μg/ml catechin treatments, there was no notable changes. However, exposure to 100 μg/ml catechin induced increase of cytoplasmic granules, destruction of lamellar body, inhibition of cell cycle, especially G0/G1. In the early phase of 500 μg/ml catechin administration, decrease of cell population, severe destruction of lamellar bodies and mitochondria, derangement of cell cycle were shown. In the EATC, such as those effects occurred after exposure to lower concentration of catechin than in that of A549 cells. After exposure of 10 μg/ml catechin, rounded-up cells and necrotic cells were found. Whereas, most of cells were under apoptotic changes-cytoplasmic condensation, nuclear fragmentation, cellular shrinkage, ladder pattern in the electrophoresis, when administrated 100 μg/ml catechin. These results suggested that exposure of catechin induced severe cellular damage and growth inhibition in dose- and time-dependent manner. And we confirmed that these effects of catechin were involved with apoptosis, necrosis and cell cycle arrest and were quite different according to cancer type. Therefore, much more research would be demanded before clinical application of catechin to human cancer therapy and this study would be the basic source for further study of green tea.

복수 화물터미널을 갖는 택배 서비스 네트워크 재설계를 위한 최적화/시뮬레이션 반복 기법

이희정(Hee Jeong Lee),고창성(Chang Seong Ko) 한국SCM학회 2010 한국SCM학회지 Vol.10 No.1

As express courier market expands rapidly, companies are exposed to fierce competition. To cope with struggle for their survival, the express courier companies are continuously making their every effort to improve their service system. Network design is usually constructed based on the initial investment and operating costs for terminals and service centers in express couriers. However, continuous reconfiguration for network design is required according as the service environment is rapidly changing. This study suggests a hybrid optimization/simulation approach to reconfiguring an express courier service network with respect to assignments of service centers to consolidation terminals, adjustments of their cutoff times and extensions of terminal capacities. With the hybrid procedure the ynamic nature of the express courier service network can be integrated into the optimization model. The optimal values of network reconfiguration parameters are found while complying with the desired performance level of the service network.

The Peculiar Response of DNA Hydrogel Fibers to a Salt and pH Stimulus

Lee, Sun Hee,Lee, Chang Kee,Shin, Su Ryon,Kim, Sun I.,So, Insuk,Kim, Seon Jeong WILEY-VCH Verlag 2009 Macromolecular Rapid Communications Vol.30 No.6

<P>DNA hydrogels which are composed of an entangled network without a crosslinker are synthesized and examined in regards to their sensitivity to salt and pH changes. The DNA hydrogel fibers only exhibited a marked response – that is a fast and large change in length – under biological conditions ([Na<SUP>+</SUP>] = 0.15 M at pH = 7) and are therefore suitable materials for bio-inspired devices.</P><P> <img src='wiley_img/10221336-2009-30-6-MARC200800677-gra001.gif' alt='wiley_img/10221336-2009-30-6-MARC200800677-gra001'> </P>

국내산 중하(Metapenaeus joyneri) 내 주알레르겐 규명 : 가열 및 소화액에 의한 변화

윤성호,김현아,김현미,최정희,서창희,남동호,김윤근,민경업,박해심 대한알레르기학회 2004 천식 및 알레르기 Vol.24 No.2

저소득층 가정의 유아를 위한 중재 프로그램에 참여한 어머니의 경험

류호영(You, Ho-Young),김정화(Kim, Jeong-Hwa),박창옥(Park, Chang-Ok),이성희(Lee, Sung-Hee) 한국어린이미디어학회 2013 어린이미디어연구 Vol.12 No.3

본 연구는 저소득 가정 중재 프로그램에 참여한 어머니들의 경험의 내용과 의미를 분석함으로써, 저소득 영유아의 가정 방문 중재 프로그램이 나아가야 할 방향을 제시하고자 한다. 연구 대상은 중재 프로그램에 참여한 10명의 저소득 가정 어머니들이다. 이들의 참여 경험을 알아보기 위하여 어머니들과 2013년 4월부터 7월까지 각각 2회의 개별면담과 2회의 그룹면담을 하였다. 또한 가정에 방문하여 프로그램을 제공한 교사들을 연구 기간 동안 면담하고 활동 저널을 분석하였다. 어머니들의 프로그램 참여 경험내용과 의미를 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 본 중재 프로그램의 참여 어머니들의 어려움은 다양하였다. 어머니들은 ‘항상 미안한 마음’, ‘중복된 어려움’, ‘스트레스’의 어려운 상황에 있었다. 둘째, 중재 프로그램 참여를 통해 “지지의 효과와 변화”를 경험하였다. 구체적으로 ‘놀이’, ‘그림책’, ‘배움’, ‘전문교사’, ‘집단 활동’을 통해 의미 있는 변화를 경험한 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 “지속의 요구와 바램”의 욕구를 표현 하였다. 긍정의 변화를 지속하고자 하는 요구로서 구체적으로 ‘프로그램 지속의 요구’, ‘어머니 상담의 필요성’ ‘부모 훈련 필요성’에 관한 내용이 제시되었다. The study aimed at proposing the directions of home-visiting family intervention program for young children by analyzing the contents and the meanings of mother’s experiences in the intervention program for the low-income families. The ten mothers of low-income families who had participated in the program were served as participants for this study. To delve into reactions to their experiences, We had interviewed them one-on-one and in groups twice, respectively, from April to July, 2013. We also interviewed the teachers those who implemented the program by visiting low-income families and analyzed their activity journal entries. The results of analysis on the participants’ experiences and their meanings are threefold. First, They expressed their sorry for the children, struggles, confusion, and stress. Second, they experienced ‘the effects of support and changes’ via the intervention program. It was observed that important changes occurred through ‘play,’ ‘picture books,’ ‘pleasure in learning,’ ‘professional teachers,’ and ‘group activities.’ Finally, they articulated their needs and desires of maintaining the intervention program. Specifically, the requests of keeping positive changes included the needs of maintaining the program, opportunities for consultation and hands-on parental training.

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

일반 여성과 영양사의 공중화장실 이용 후 손 씻기 실태

문정아,유창희,이경은 서울여자대학교 자연과학연구소 2011 자연과학연구논문집 Vol.23 No.-

The purposes of this study were to examine handwashing practices among dietitians and female adults in public restrooms and to determine environmental factors affecting handwashing. Trained investigators observed 312 women (156 dietitians, 156 female adults) handwashing in 54 public restrooms in Seoul and recorded facilities of the restrooms. The data were collected during May and July, 2009 and analyzed by t-test and χ2-test using SPSS 14.0. More dietitians (91.7%) washed their hands after using public restrooms than the female adults (78.8%) (p<.01). However, more than half of the subjects washed hands without soaps. The dietitians (13.1 seconds) washed hands longer than the female adults (10.1 seconds) (p<.01), but both groups washed hands shorter than 20 seconds, which is recommended for proper handwashing. Both warm and cold water was available at 63% of the observed public restrooms. Significantly more females washed their hands at the restrooms where both warm and cold water was available (88.5%) than where only cold water was available (80%)(p<.05). Literature has revealed that most consumers understand the importance of handwashing. However the finding of the study showed that their handwashing practices in everyday life did not meet their perception. This observation study disclosed the gap which was not reported from the studies conducted based on surveys. From now on, messages for the consumers should focus on when and how their hands should be washed. Finally dietitians should be a role model of proper handwashing in foodservice facilities as well as in everyday life. Key words:handwashing, observation, dietitians, female adults, public restooms.

다발성 치아우식증 소아에서 타액 단백질의 특성

장희순,최병재,양호정,이승일 大韓小兒齒科學會 1996 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.23 No.2

As a part of host factors of dental caries,salliva has been well known for its important role in relation to dental caries.The studies on its physical and chemical charaterisitics on development and progress of dental caries has been condected.Recently,various comparisons between saliva of caries-susceptable individuals and caries-free individuals has been done and the efforts to understand the machanisms of salivary intervention of development and progress of dental caries is actively in progress.In this study,15 children with rampant dental caries and 15 caries free children without any systemic diseases from the ages of 2 to 5 were chosen for the experiment and the whole saliva and parotid saliva from each individuals were collected and protein compared using polyacrylamide gel electophyoresis(PAGE). As results of this study,in parotid saliva,there was no difference in protein compositions between the rampant dental caries and caries free children.While electrophoresis was done with the whole saliva,protein with 120 KDa was found in children with rampant dental caries.However,this protein was not found or unclear,if any for the caries free group.(Exceptionally,clear protein band was present for one person.)Protein compositions of whole saliva rampant dental caries group was compared before and after the caries control and thick and clear protein bands of about 120 KDa were found in both cases.Protein compositions of caries free children and adults were indentical.Quantitative analysis of protein was done for the rampant dental caries group and the control group and no significant difference was found. Taken all together,protein with molecular weight of 120 KDa,found in rampant dental caries group,was still present when the treatment for the dental caries was done so it can be assumed that this protein has no interrelation with the presence of active carious lesions during saliva collecting.It can also be presumed that this specific salivary protein with the molecular weight of 120 KDa found in rampant dental caries group has effect on development and progress of dental caries.Identification on this protein with the molecular-weight of 120 KDa and the role of this protein against dental caries remain to be solved.

흰쥐 이자 Insulin과 Neuropeptide Y 분비세포의 발생에 관한 면역조직화학적 연구

장인엽,박태우,정윤영,김종중,문정석,김영택,안계훈,김남훈,선희매 조선대학교 부설 의학연구소 1999 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.24 No.1

Cells immunoreactive to insulin(INS-IR) and neuropeptide Y(NPY-IR) were found in prenatal(E15, 17, 19) and postnatal(P0, 5, 10, 15, 30, adult) rat pancreas using immunohistochemistry. Pancreatic INS-IR and NPY-IR were detected by day E17. They were found initially in the interlobular pancreatic duct, intralobular pancreatic duct and pancreatic islet gradually. Especially, INS-IR was detected in the dorsal pancreatic bud by day E19. The INS-IR and NPY-IR patterns were nearly similiar to each other, and many cells revealed colocalization of INS and NPY until day P10. But there was a change between them by the day P15 ; central INS-IR cells and peripheral NPY-IR in the pancreatic islet. The number of pancreatic islets per square millimeter of pancreatic tissue were decreased, and the number of immunoreactive endocrine cells per islet was increased according to development. These results suggest NPY may play a role in the development of the pancreatic endocrine cells.