야뇨증 환아들의 심리사회적 특성에 대한 다기관 연구 : 행동 및 정서 문제를 중심으로

조수철,김재원,신민섭,황준원,한상원,박관현,이상돈,김경도,김건석,서홍진,이유식,정재용,김영균,문두건,남궁미경,한창희,조원열,김영식,배기수,이종국,정우영,신의진 大韓神經精神醫學會 2005 신경정신의학 Vol.44 No.6

Objectives : The aim of this study was to examine the behavioral and emotional problems associated with nocturnal enuresis in Korean children. Methods : Three hundred eighteen children with nocturnal enuresis, together with their parents, completed the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), Disruptive Behavior Disorder Scale according to DSM-IV (DBDS), Children's Depression Inventory (CDI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAIC), and Piers-Harris Children's Self-Concept Scale (PHCSC). Ninety-three normal students were selected as the control group. Results : Compared to the normal control group, the mean scores with regard to the withdrawn, social problems, attention problems, delinquent behavior, aggressive behavior, externalizing problems and total problems profiles were significantly higher in the nocturnal enuresis group according to the CBCL results. The nocturnal enuresis group also scored significantly higher in the ADHD and ODD profiles of the DBDS. The nocturnal enuresis group was more depressed and anxious than the control group according to the results of the CDI and STAI. The mean score of the PHCSC was significantly lower in the nocturnal enuresis group when compared to the normal control group. Conclusion : The results of this study suggest that children with nocturnal enuresis in Korea have clinically relevant behavioral and emotional problems. The findings support the link between nocturnal enuresis and psychopathology in Korean children.

Lidocaine, Thrombin, Epinephrine 의 항균효과

김진우,이동건,전혜선,김승준,김석찬,안중현,김치홍,권순석,김영균,김관형,문화식,신완식,송정섭,박성학 대한감염학회 2005 감염과 화학요법 Vol.37 No.6

목적 : 기관지내시경 검사에서 흔히 사용되는 국소마취제인 lidocaine과 내시경시 지혈목적으로 사용되는 thrombin과 epinephrine이 각종 균주에 미치는 항균효과에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법 : 균주는 가톨릭대학교 성모병원에서 2004년 3월부터 2004년 9월까지 임상검체 에서 동정된 S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa 각각 42, 42, 42, 43주를 대상으로 하였다. Lidocaine, thrombin, epinephrine 감수성 검사는 National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS, 2002)의 기준에 따랐다. 결과 : Lidocaine은 S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa에서 MIC_(50), MIC_(90) 모두 20,000 ㎍/mL 이었다. K. pneumoniae는 각각 10,000 ㎍/mL이었다. Thrombin은 S. aureus와 P. aeruginosa에서 MIC50 500 lU/mL 과 MIC_(90) 500 IU/mL 이상이었고, K. pneumoniae에서는 MIC_(50)과 MIC_(90)이 모두 500 lU/mL이상이었으나 S. pneumoniae에서는 MIC_(50)과 MIC_(90)은 125 IU/mL이었다. Epinephrine은 K. pneumoniae, S. pneumoniae에 대한 MIC_(50), MIC_(90)가 모두 >500 ㎍/mL이었고, S. aureus와 P. aeruginosa에 대한 MIC_(50), MIC_(90)가 모두 500 ㎍/mL이었다. 결론 : 기관지 내시경 검사에서 흔히 쓰이는 lidocaine, thrombin, epinephrine 등의 약제들이 호흡기 질환의 흔한 병원균인 S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa 균주들에 대해 항균 효과가 있을 수 있어 세균배양검사에 영향을 미칠 수 있겠다. Background : We performed this stody to find out about antimicrobial effect of lidocaine which is commonly used local anesthetic, and thrombin and epinephrine used for hemostasis during bronchoscopic procedures. Materials and Methods : The microorganisms that were cultured from specimens obtained during bronchoscopy were Staphylococcus aureus (n=42), Streptococcus pneumoniae (n=42), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=42), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n=43) collected from St. Mary's Hospital, from March to Sep 2004 were used for susceptibity testing. Susceptibility to lidocaine, thrombin, and epinephrine were tested according to the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. Result : MIC_(50) and MIC_(90) of lidocaine for S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa were all 20,000 ㎍/mL and that for K. pneumoniae were 10,000 ㎍/mL. MIC_(50) and MIC_(90) of thrombin for both S. aureus and P. aeruginosa was 500 IU/mL and above 500 IU/mL, respectively; that for K. pneumoniae were all above 500 IU/mL and for S. pneumoniae they were 125 IU/mL, MIC_(50) and MIC_(90) of epinephrine for K. pneumoniae and S. pneumoniae were above 500 ㎍/mL; that for S. aureus and P. aeruginosa were 500 ㎍/mL. Conclusion : We observed possible antimicrobial effect of lidocaine, thrombin, and epinephrine in vitro against pathogens such as S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, which are common respiratory microorganisms. The use of these agants could affect the result of bacterial culture.

플라타너스(Platanus orientalis L.)의 계절별 Betulinic acid 함량 및 생리활성

김영균,고영남 國民大學校 山林科學硏究所 2001 山林科學 Vol.13 No.-

최근 폐암, 난소암, 흑색종 등 각종 악성종양 및 후천성면역결핍증(AIDS) 에 대하여 우수한 치료효과를 가지고 있다는 연구결과가 빈번하게 발표되고 있는 triterpene화합물 betulinic acid를 계절별로 플라타너스를 채취하고 MeOH 추출물로부터 분리하였다. 순수하게 정제된 betulinic acid의 함량을 비교하였고, 생물학적 활성을 검정하였다. A lupane type triterpenoid, betulinic acid has been known to have lung cancer, ovarian cancer, human melanoma and other tumor growth inhibitory activities and also anti-HIV activity. In this research, we collected P. orientalis in every seasons and observed seasonal changes of betulinic acid in the species. Cytotoxic activity of betulinic acid is also shown in this report.

한국산 감귤 수입 예상국의 수입 검역제도에 관한 연구

김택조,강영길,권오균 濟州大學校 亞熱帶農業硏究所 1995 亞熱帶農業硏究 Vol.12 No.-

수출밀감 생산지와 밀감 수출관련기관에 유용한 정보를 제공하고자 제주산 온주밀감 주요수입국 및 수입가능국의 검역제도를 조사분석한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 조사대상국의 연간 수입량은 캐나다 61.5천톤, 미국 101.1천톤, 일본 1.2천톤, 홍콩 32.3천톤 정도이었고 1993년 한국산 감귤 수입량은 캐나다 1107톤, 홍콩 6톤, 러시아가 150톤이었다. 2. 캐나다는 병충해 위험도 평가를 실시한 후 한국산 밀감을 식물위생증이나 수입허가서 없이 수입하고 있다. 수입검사 중 캐나다에 분포하는 병해충으로서 감염정도가 심하지 않은 식물류는 소독처리하고 캐나다에 분포하지 않은 병해충이나 분포하는 병해충이라도 감염이 심한 경우 폐기 (반송)된다. 한국산 밀감의 경우 부패과를 제외하고는 검역상 문제가 되지 않고 있다. 3. 미국은 수입허가제를 채택하고 있으며 한국산 밀감은 궤양병, 흑반병, 화살깍지벌레의 미국내 유입을 막기위하여 수입이 금지되고 있으나 궤양병 무병 생산단지 및 완충지대 설정, 과실의 예방적 소독처리, 박테리아제 테스트 실시, 선과 후 안전조치등을 조건으로 미국내 수입이 한미간 합의 되었다. 과실의 채소류의 반입항에서 수입물량의 약 2%의 임의 표본 추출하여 검사하며, 미국에 분포하는 병해충만이 검출되는 경우에는 수입이 가능한 반면 검역대상 병해충이 발견될 때 소독방법이 있을 경우에는 소독하고 소독방법이 없을 경우에는 폐기 또는 수입이 거부된다. 4. 일본은 14종의 금지병해충의 기주식물 및 식물성 생산물의 수입을 금지하고 있으나 한국산은 수입금지품에 해당되는 식물이 없다. 금지병해충 (14종)과 특정 중요병해충 (42종)이 부착된 식물중 효과적인 소독방법이 확립되어 있지 않은 과실은 폐기되고 소독가능 병해충이 발견된 과실류는 소독되거나 선별된다. 5. 홍콩에서의 수입 비제한 품목인 과실 및 채소류는 식물위생증이나 수입허가서 없이 수입되며 수입검사중 병해충이 발견되면 소독처리된다. 6. 러시아에서는 수입비제한 품목을 제외하고는 식물 및 식물성 산물의 수입시 식물위생증과 수입허가서가 요구되며 허가항을 통하여 수입되어져야 한다. 7. 감귤류가 재배되지 않아 수입검역이 까다롭지 않은 캐나다, 홍콩, 러시아의 동부에 한국산 밀감 수출 증대를 도모하는 것이 바람직하다. This study was conducted to obtain knowledge of import quarantine system in Canada, the U.S.A., Japan, Hongkong and Russia, which may facilitate export Korean mandarins to these countries. The results are summarized as follows : 1. Canada, the U.S.A., Japan, Hongkong annually import about 61,500, 101,100, 1,200 and 32,300 tons. respectively, of such citrus fruits as mandarins, tangerines and clementines. In 1993, 1,107 tons of Korean mandarins were imported into Canada, 6 tones into Hongkong and 150 tones into Russia. 2. After pest risk on Korea mandarins for Canada was assessed, the mandarins have been imported into Canada without phytosanitary certificate and import permit. When either diseases and/or pests which have occurred in Canada are found or they are not severe during import inspection, disinfection is ordered. When either diseases and/or pests which have never occurred in the country are found or they are severe, the importer is ordered to destroy or reship the shipment. In Canada, import quarantine for Korean mandarins has been smooth except the rotten fruits have been found. 3. The import of Korean mandarins into the U.S.A. is prohibited to prevent citrus caker, phoma rot and arrowhead scale from being introduced into the U.S.A. However, it has been agreed between Korea and the U.S.A. that there can be imports into the U.S.A. of mandarins from Chejudo based on implementation of certain procedures. At the ports of entry, inspections are conducted by sampling about 2% of the imported amount of fruits and vegetabls. When injurious diseases and/or pests are found, disinfection is ordered. When there is no methods of disinfection which can completely kill the diseases and/or pests, the importer is ordered to destroy or reship the shipment. 4. Prohibited are host plants and plant products of 14 kinds of diseases and pests that have never occurred in Japan. In import inspection, when diseases and/or pests are found, disinfection is ordered. When there is no methods of disinfection which can completely kill the diseases and/or pests. the importer is ordered to destroy or reship the shipment. 5. Fresh fruits and vegetable can be imported into Hongkong without phytosanitary certificate and import permit. When diseases and/or pests are found during import inspection, disinfection is ordered. 6. Phytosanitary certificate permit are required in Russia for import of plants and plant products from foreign countries. The port of entry is designated by the quarantine authorities. It seems to be desirable to try hard to increase export amount of Korean mandarins to Canada, eastern Russia and Hongkong which do not raise citrus fruits and are not strict for import quarantine of citrus fruits.

개다래의 함유성분에 관한 분석

김영균 國民大學校 山林科學硏究所 2003 山林科學 Vol.15 No.-

개다래(Actinidia polygama Max.)의 함유성분을 분석하고 생리활성을 검정하여 유용한 생리활성 물질을 찾아내고자 본 연구를 실시하였다. 따라서 개다래를 MeOH로 추출한 후, 여러 가지 용매로 분획을 하여 각 분획에 대한 항암활성 그리고 항바이러스 활성을 검정하였다. 각 분획의 바이러스에 대한 뚜렷한 약효를 나타내는 시료는 발견되지 않았다. 항암활성의 지표로 사용된 암세포에 대한 세포독성은 사용된 5개의 세포군에 대하여 hexane fraction과 수층에서는 나타나지 않았지만 BuOH fraction에는 중간정도(ED_(50), 25±5 ㎍/ml)의 효과가 나타나고, CH₂Cl₂와 EtOAc fraction은 모두가 BuOH fraction보다는 강한(ED_(50), 15±5 ㎍/ml)정도의 효과가 나타났다. In order to find biologically active compounds the extract of Actinidia polygama Max. was examined. In this study the MeOH extract was partitioned with hexane first to obtain hexane fraction, followed by CH₂Cl₂, EtOAc, and BuOH to obtain corresponding fractions. For each fraction, antiviral and tumor-cell cytotoxicity were tested. Significant antiviral activity was not observed in all the fractions tested. Cytotoxicity, however, on various tumor cell lines was observed in BuOH fraction with medium extent(ED_(50), 25±5 ㎍/ml) and shown relatively strong(ED_(50), 15±5 ㎍/ml) in CH₂Cl₂ and EtOAc fractions.

國際聯合 國際商去來法委員會의 국제어음협약의 適用

김영균 대진대학교 국제통상연구소 1999 國際通商論叢 Vol.1 No.1

Lithium 투여가 흰쥐의 신장에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

김영석,강상균,김창진 순천향대학교 1991 논문집 Vol.14 No.2

Lithium, an element ion, has been used in the psychiatric field to manic illness but in brings nephritis, diabetes insipidus and nephrotic syndrome. Most of the studies on the nephrotoxicity were described only in the morphological aspects, and functional study was unclarified. This study was carried out to observe lithium nephrotoxicity in both functional and morphological aspects. The lithium carbonate was administered to rat peritoneum(50mg/Kg) daily for 10, 20, 30 and 40 days. The urinw pH and proteinuria were measured and the kindney tissue was observed with light and electron microscopy. The results are as follow : 1. The urine pH was 5.5-7.0(normal 7.5-8.5) in the groups of lithium administration longer than 10 days. 2. The albuminuria (+) was observed in the groups of lithium administration longer than 10 days, but the severity of proteinuria was not related to duration of administration. 3. The proximal convoluted tubules and collecting ducts were dilated with epithelial cell degeneration in the experimental group of lithium administration for longer than 10 days. 4. The AgNORs in the tubular epithelial cells were markedly increased in number but those in the mesangium showed only slight increase in the experimental group of lithium administration for longer than 10 days. 5. The glomerular basement membrances were focally thickened and the epithelial foot processes were fused in the experimental group of lithium administration for longer than 10 days. The above results indicate that lithium thought to be toxic to the kidney causing not only functional but also morphological derangement. The renal functions of the patients under lithium regimen should be carefully mornitored to avoid nephrotoxicity, and further studies would be necessory to elucidate the precise mechanisms of lithium nephrotoxicity.

두릅나무의 함유성분에 관한 분석연구 : 땃두릅나무의 항암활성과 그 성분(Ⅰ)

김영균,고영남 國民大學校 山林科學硏究所 2002 山林科學 Vol.14 No.-

땃두릅나무는 한방에서 해열이나 강장제의 원료로 사용되는 생약제료이다. 아직까지 본 수종에 대한 화학적성분 그리고 이들의 생리활성에 관한 과학적인 연구가 매우 적은 상황이다. 본 연구에서는 본 수종의 sesquiterpenoids과 하나의 polyene 성분의 분리와 구조동정 그리고 이들의 암세포의 성장억제 효과등을 평가하였다. 구조분석을 하기 위하여 ^1H-, ^13C-NMR, MS, FT-IR등의 분광학적 기기를 사용하였다. Echinopanax horridum (Non Decne.) Kom. (Araliaceae) has been known as the herbal medicine for removal of fever, tonic etc. in Korea. Until now, No studies have been reported on its chemical constituents and biological activities for this species. In this report, sesquiterpenoids and a polyene from Echinopanax horridum (Non Decne.) Kom were studied. The structures were established by spectroscopic methods such as ^1H and ^13C NMR, MS, FT-IR. Tumor cell growth inhibition activities were tested for the extracts and the isolated compounds.

炭素纖維板으로 補强한 鐵筋콘크리트보의 構造的擧動에 관한 實驗的 硏究

김하진,고송균,박영배,조창호,김정섭 朝鮮大學校 建設技術硏究所 1998 建設技術硏究 Vol.18 No.1

This study is a part of research to improve the yield strength of concrete structure with a structural damage and conducts the experiment with the variables such as the period of restrengthening of specimen, restrengthening length (1.9m, 1.5m, 1.0m) and restrengthening effect according to restrengthening mehthod of restrengthening materials (nonrestrengthening, Anchor, Angle) to test bending behavior and yield strength performance of reinforced concrete beams restrengthened with carbon fiber laminate. As a result of experiment, in the restrengthening effects by the period of restrengthening, specimen restrengthened before loading, during reloading and after loading show 1.9m, 1.5m and 1.0m respectively, in the restrengthening effects according to restrengthening length, specimen restrengthened with 1.9m, 1.5m and 1.0m show 113.7%, 122.4% and 112.7% and in restrengthening effects according to restrengthening method of restrengthening materials, non-restrengthening and restrengthening in anchor and angle show 113.7%, 115.9% and 184.4% of increase in yield strength respectively. Accordingly, the specimen restrengthened during loading, the specimen with 1.5m of restrengthening and the specimen restrengthened with angle show high restrengthening effects respectively. With the above results, a crack is closed by elastic behavior in the case of test materials, but since in the actual concrete strucutre, a crack is not closed like the specimen during loading, the influence of it on restrengthening should be considered. It is found that although restrengthening effect by the restrengthening length secures a sufficient length, the increase of yield strength by restrengthening cannot be expected when bonded performance is not secured and in deciding restrengthening method of restrengthening materials, the method which have not damage to restrengthening materials and can be integrated with restrengthening materials and structure is effective.

pH 조절에 의한 쌀세척 폐수의 처리

노홍균,김지숙,이문이,조영인 대구효성가톨릭대학교 식품과학연구소 1994 식품과학지 Vol.6 No.-

여러 pH 조건 및 키토산 농도하에서 쌀세척 폐수로부터 부유성 고형물을 효과적으로 응집, 회수할 수 있는 방법을 모색하였다. 키토산 첨가에 따른 탁도감소효과는 pH가 낮아짐에 따라 작았으며 pH 6 이상에서는 키토산 농도가 증가함에 따라 현저히 컸다. 그러나, 폐수의 탁도감소는 키토산 농도와는 관계없이 pH 4일 때 가장 효과적 이었으며 pH가 증가함에 따라 저하하였다. 쌀세척 폐수내의 부유성 고형물은 폐수의 pH를 4로 조정한 후 원심분리하므로서 가장 효과적으로 침전, 회수할 수 있었다. 이 때 탁도감소는 99% 이상을 나타내었으며, 폐수내 부유물질의 농도차와 pH 조정제로 사용된 산종류는 탁도감소에 영향을 미치지 않았다. 폐수의 탁도감소 효과는 저장기간이 길어짐에 따라 저하하였다. Treatment of rice-washing wastewater was considered under various pH levels and chitosan concentrations. Compared with the control test, addition of chitosan at the various concentrations did not noticeably enhanced turbidity reduction at pH 4 and 5, but greatly enhanced at above pH 6. However, reduction of turbidity in the wastewater, irrespective of chitosan concentrations, was the greatest at pH 4 and became lower by increasing pH. Suspended solids in the wastewater were the most effectively recovered by pH adjustment of the wastewater to 4 followed by centrifugation, with over 99% reduction in turbidity. Different concentrations of suspended solids in the wastewater and various kinds of acids used for pH adjustment did not affect turbidity reduction. Increasing storage periods of the wastewater resulted in lower reductions in turbidity.