Function of the pentose phosphate pathway and its key enzyme, transketolase, in the regulation of the meiotic cell cycle in oocytes

Kim, Yunna,Kim, Eun-Young,Seo, You-Mi,Yoon, Tae Ki,Lee, Woo-Sik,Lee, Kyung-Ah The Korean Society for Reproductive Medicine 2012 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.39 No.2

Objective: Previously, we identified that transketolase (Tkt), an important enzyme in the pentose phosphate pathway, is highly expressed at 2 hours of spontaneous maturation in oocytes. Therefore, this study was performed to determine the function of Tkt in meiotic cell cycle regulation, especially at the point of germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD). Methods: We evaluated the loss-of-function of Tkt by microinjecting Tkt double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) into germinal vesicle-stage oocytes, and the oocytes were cultured in vitro to evaluate phenotypic changes during oocyte maturation. In addition to maturation rates, meiotic spindle and chromosome rearrangements, and changes in expression of other enzymes in the pentose phosphate pathway were determined after Tkt RNA interference (RNAi). Results: Despite the complete and specific knockdown of Tkt expression, GVBD occurred and meiosis was arrested at the metaphase I (MI) stage. The arrested oocytes exhibited spindle loss, chromosomal aggregation, and declined maturation promoting factor and mitogen-activated protein kinase activities. The modified expression of two enzymes in the pentose phosphate pathway, Prps1 and Rbks, after Tkt RNAi and decreased maturation rates were amended when ribose-5-phosphate was supplemented in the culture medium, suggesting that the Tkt and pentose phosphate pathway are important for the maturation process. Conclusion: We concluded that Tkt and its associated pentose phosphate pathway play an important role in the MI-MII transition of the oocytes' meiotic cell cycle, but not in the process of GVBD.

임상 증상이 심하지 않은 심낭 삼출 환자의 장기 추적 결과

배장호,김기식,강미숙,남명희,김미정,김민수,김기영,님창욱,김윤년,김권배,정시전,김여희 대한순환기학회 1999 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.29 No.7

비만 여성을 대상으로 한 해조류 추출물의 국부처치와 운동 병행을 통한 지방분해 효과의 임상적 검정

서태수,이인숙,변재철,김규호,박승한,김유영,김상국,김현정,김상기,신동철,성미영,박종석,김종기,박언휘 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.14 No.3

This study was carried out to test the body fat breakdown during topical seaweed extract treatment and in combination with the aerobic exercise. Of 20 female obesity subjects, ten treated a cream types of seaweed extract(control group) and ten treated a placebo cream(placebo group). Topical treatment of each sample was designed for 4 weeks, and treated with 2 times a day about 10ml on the abdomen and the thigh, respectively. All subjects were participated aerobic dance half hour a day and four times a week. After 4 weeks of topical treatment and exercise, they were measured body fat, skinfold thickness, body circumference. Then venous blood samples were taken and analyzed blood cells, serum enzymes, and serum lipids. There were reduction of body weight, % of body fat, antebrachium, brachium, chest, waist, thigh circumference and abdomen thickness between pre and post treatment in both group. Especially, body weight and % of body fat significantly reduced in the subjects treating the seaweed extract than those treating the placebo. There were significant decrement in total cholesterol and LDL whereas increment in HDL and TBIL in the control group, but no significant difference in the placebo group. In conclusion, there were 7.6% of body fat reduction during 4 weeks of aerobic exercise and 21% of body fat reducement in combination of topical seaweed treatment and exercise, respectively. These results suggest that the topical treatment of seaweed extract should be very effective for fat breakdown. Especially, the body fat breakdown maximized in the combination with the topical seaweed extracts treatment and the aerobic exercise.

암 병동 간호사의 통증관리에 대한 지식과 태도

공성화,방찌야,서민숙,현신숙,김희정,이미애1,이미애2,유현희,허재경,김은애,박경숙 성인간호학회 2004 성인간호학회지 Vol.16 No.1

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes of oncology ward nurses toward cancer pain management and to find ways to improve the educational program for nurses. Method: A total of 209 nurses working at the oncology ward of three hospitals in Seoul and a Gyenggi Province. The survey instrument used was the 32-item scale for evaluating nurses knowledge and attitudes originally developed by McCaffery and Ferrell'(1990). that was by Kim'(1997). Result: In terms of the nurses knowledge of pain management. the result showed that the nurses scored an average of 67.8 out of 100 for phamacokinetics of opioids. 84.8 for classification of analgesics, 60.1 for pain assessment, and 70.7 for drug administration. 18.2% of the nurses hesitate to inject the narcotic agent because of concerns regarding the drug's potential side effects. there was significant difference in the knowledge of pain management according to the general characteristics of pain in terms of the nurses age(p=.001), position (p=.016). years of experiences(p=.002), experience of cancer pain education(p= .001). Conclusion: The also showed that nurses working at cancer ward lack knowledge. It is important to provide intensive education to nurses about cancer pain management.

흰쥐 중추신경계내 난소로 투사하는 미주신경로에 관한 연구

김명주,장명세,고미희,노해숙,조해영,오문유,이봉희 濟州大學校 基礎科學硏究所 2001 基礎科學硏究 Vol.14 No.1

본 실험은 부교감신경의 하나인 미주신경이 난소를 지배하는 신경으로 관여하고 있는지를 pseudorabies 바이러스를 이용하여 난소신경로와 난소주사후 미주신경절단을 통하여 조사한 연구 보고이다. 이를 위하여 Sprague Dawley계 암흰쥐를 대상으로 pseudorabies 바이러스를 난소에 주사한 무리와 난소 주사후 미주신경을 절단한 무리에서 뇌를 적출하여 pseudorabies 바이러스에 대한 면역조직화학 염색을 시행하여 비교하였다. 본 실험결과 미주신경 중추신경로내의 상위신경핵들이 pseudorabied 바이러스에 대하여 양성반응이 줄어들었거나 관찰되지 않는 차이를 보였다. 즉 적색핵, 종말판혈관기관, 줄무늬체, 침상핵과 이마엽겉질은 부분적으로 난소의 미주신경로에 관여하고 있으며 미주신경등쪽핵, 고립로핵, 최후영역, 청색반점, 팔옆핵, 코리케퓨즈핵, 흑색질 및 시각교차위핵은 양성반응이 관찰되지 않아 미주신경으로 투사하는 부교감신경핵으로 조사되었다. The mammalian ovary has been known as receiving its innervation by sympathetic and sensory neurons of the peripheral nervous system from the brain. Recently, there were several functional reports that the vagus nerves were also regulating the ovarian function, but the vagus nerve had not been identified by clear morphological evidence. A viral transneuronal tracing technique has been used to demonstrate the morphological evidence for the central vagal involvement in ovarian innervation in brain areas. Bartha strain of pseudorabies virus injection was made into the ovary of Sprague Dawley rats. In experimental group, the vagus nerve of the same injection side was removed right after ovarian injection. At five days after initial injection, all the rats were sacrificed and brains were processed for immunohistochemistry. Several central nuclei including hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus showed strong bilateral positive labelings after unilateral injection in control rats, but the positive labelings were disappeared or decreased in several hypothalamic nuclei and nuclei of the vagus nerve. I n conclusion, these results provide the morphological evidence that vagus nerve has neural connection to ovary and by which the central nervous system may maintains the state of ovulation and reproduction as a possible parasympathetic routes in mammals.

靑少年 勤勞者의 營養攝取 實態에 관한 調査硏究

김성미,차유미 啓明大學校 生活科學硏究所 1991 科學論集 Vol.17 No.-

The purpose of this research is to clarify the relationship between the situation of the industrial worker's nutritive conditions and elements which have influence on it. To satisfy this purpose, subjects of the investigation were the industrial laborers of eleven of many business enterprises in Young nam district, and the researching method questionnaire and field investigation. On the basis of these facts analysis and result of the general conditions, discomfortable physical symptoms, eating habits and nutritive conditions, etc. are summarized as follows. 1. Age of the male subjects was 26-29(47.7%) and that of the female subjects 20-25(94.2%). For the educational level male high school graduates were 83.6% and female high school graduates 60.6%. For the residential form 49.3% of male and 63.5% of female lived in the dormitary. the average monthly income of male was 310 thousand 400 thousand won(49.3%) and that of female 210 thousand 300 thousand won(61.3%). Monthly eating expenses of both male and female were 70 thousand won. For the discomfortable physical symptoms "fatuigable" was more than 60% in both male and female. And for the mental trouble "nervous about trifles" was 31.3%(male) and 56.2%(female) : percentage, of female was as two times as male. For meals skipping rate was 74.6% and female 86.8% : both of them showed the frequent meals skipping, and the time of meals skipping was mostly morning(male:82.0%, female:67.2%) Mixed and powdered eating rate was 70% in both sexes. 2. For the daily nutrition of subjects per capita calorte of male was 89% and that of female 65% of the Recommended Dietary Allowances for Koreans : and both were short of the Recommended Dietary Allowances for Koreans. For protein rate male was 114% (78g) and female 103% (62g) of the Recommended Dietary Allowances for Koreans: both of them were relatively good. And for ingestion of mineral nutirition and vitamine both sexes showed the good rate expect calcuim : which was over the Recommended Dietary Allowances for Koreans. 3. In the relation between general facts, eating habits and quantity of nutrition ingestion, the group which payed high eating expenses represented also high rate of nutrition ingestion except vitamin C. In residential form both sexes who lived in the dormitary showed high rate of nutrition ingestion. The lower rate of meals skipping was, the more nutrition ingestion quantity was. Between-meals refreshments were 1-2 times in both sexes, contests of those extended to all nutrients except vitamin C and vitamin B₂ The longer and more adequante rest was taken, the more nutrients were intaken, and in calcuim and Iron the significant difference (p<0.05) was indicated. It is true that the result of this research proves the higher rate in quantiry of nutrition ingestion compaved with other's But it is noticible that conditions of nutrition ingestion are very different according to such eating habits as degree of meals skipping, frequence of between-meals refreshments and conditions of rest. Therefore it is required to perform the better nutritive education for confirming the desirable eating habits.

학습자 말뭉치를 이용한 한국어 학습자 오류 분석 연구

김유미 경희대학교 부설 비교문화연구소 2001 외대어문논총 Vol.- No.10

Developing Korean learners' corpus of Korean as a foreign language and analyzing its learners' errors enable to figure out the properties of their interlanguage. However the previous studies are lack of researched without many relevant materials or resources, so it was hard to draw some generalization. In addition, they limit the themselves in reviewing or analyzing the restricted linguistic facts by disregarding various data, but focused on small numbers of linguistic materials. In order to overcome this difficulty, a corpus can be used ; it does not only retain a large amounts of materials, but also studies diverse linguistic capabilities in Korean studying. To develop Korean learners corpus, it needs to collect materials such as writing tests and papers from language education centers of three domestic universities and develop a raw corpus by entering those materials in the database system. Furthermore, it is required to mark up the personal information for the raw corpus, and tag the grammatical annotation for Korean education. For this, it is necessary to create a collection or dictionary of Korean errors in usage, attach error tags and classify them. First, researching the occurrence rate of errors and the usage frequency by part of speech should be surveyed. Then the errors by the spearkers of different mother tongues such as English and Japanese can be analyzed. The particles among lexical categories are investigated for the analysis of errors. Case particles, auxiliary particles, and conjunctive articles are included. Case particles such as nominative, objective, possessive, and adverbial are divided by omission, addition, and replacement to analyse error patterns. The main factors of errors are interference of mother tongue, simplification, and the overgeneralization affected by the compound of target language structures. Besides, avoidance is regarded as a psychological factor for the errors. To determine how the error patterns of particles are related with learners' level of the study in Korean. We analyzed the data of Korean learners based on the Japanese language culture. The errors rate decreases as the level goes up to the advanced. In addition, the repeated study is essential sauce the some error pattern shown a the level of the beginners still appears in the advanced level. To prevent the particle errors, it is desirable to provide the beginners with the basic grammar explanations and the example of actual errors to the beginners. For the intermediate and the advanced, the corpus concordance, the information of sentence patterns including particles related to specific verbs can be given in term of the corpus concordance.

초기 증상으로 정상 생장기 모발 탈모를 보인 심상성 천포창 1예

김유정,김미연,박영민,김형옥 대한피부과학회 2004 大韓皮膚科學會誌 Vol.42 No.3

Pemphigus vulgaris is an autoimmune blistering disease of the skin and mucous membranes. It is characterized, histologically, by intraepidermal blisters, and immunopathologically, bythe bound and circulating IgG directed to the epithelial desmosomes. In the majority of patients, painful mucous membrane erosions, especially in the oral cavity, are the presenting sign. The hair follicle is also a preferential target for pemphigus autoantibodies as the desmosomal proteins are overexpressed in follicular epithelium. We herein report a case of pemphigus vulgaris presenting with normal anagen effluvium. (Korean J Dermatol 2004;42(3):373~377)

간호사의 이직의도 구조모형

김창희,양승순,김연자,손연정,유미애,송주은 대한간호학회 간호행정학회 2009 간호행정학회지 Vol.15 No.4

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to construct and test a structural equation model of nurses' turnover intention. Method: The participants were 716 nurses at 4 university hospitals. Data were collected by a self-report questionnaire in 2008 and analyzed using SPSS 12.0 and AMOS 4.0 Win program. Results: The fit indices of modified model were x²=285.928(p<.001),x²/df=1.958GFI=0.964, RMSEA=0.037, AGFI=0.944, NFI=0.947, NNFI=0.961, CFI=0.973, PNFI=0.658 and showed high compatibility with the empirical data. In the final model, job stress and satisfaction were found to have significant direct effects on nurses' turnover intention, while organizational culture and emotional labor were very important factors to have indirect effects on turnover intention via job stress and satisfaction. Nurses' turnover intention was accounted for 41.2% of covariance by these factors. Conclusions: Comprehensive nursing interventions for decreasing nurses' turnover intention should be focused on reducing job stress and increasing job satisfaction. Also, Nursing strategy for enhancing positive organizational culture and decreasing emotional labor would be helpful for decreasing nurses' turnover intention, too. Further studies are needed to prospectively conduct to verify these causal relationships with larger sample.

機張郡의 배서낭과 헛배설화

김유미 釜山大學校 1997 人文論叢 Vol.50 No.1

This article is survey of narratives that have been the belief of Sunsin (god of ship) and the Hutbae(the bogy ship) throughout Gijang-goon. It may help us to understand the characteristcs and believes of sea villages, and the world of folklore. The belief of the Sunsin includes the believs and the rites of Bae-Sunang(the tutelarly deity of ship), the Sunsin. The Bae-Sunang has three gods. They are the Suhoshin(the Guardian), the Urosin(the fishery) and the Hanhaesin(maybe, the Poseidon). The spirits of Bae-Sunang protect the ships and the seamen. And they control the good catch and the bad one of fish. The belief of Hutbae is a kind of Dochaebee(the bogy)-believes that have been circulated throughout sea-villages. The Narratives the Hutbae is a story of seman's personal experiences which they saw the Hutbae or th Jack-O??-lantern at work on the sea. There are two kind of the Hutbae-narrative in Gijang-goon, they are as follows; First, the seman suffered from being possessed by the Hutbae(type 1). Next, they were possessed by it, they solved the Question with wit and got out of danger(type 2). These types are expressions of the psychological fear that came from the unexpected changes in the weather on the sea. Especially, type 2 is the instructive narrative ; When we have a hard time, if we cope with the trouble carefully, we could get out of danger.