FC 1-4 : A survey of attitudes, knowledge, and behavior regarding sun exposure and sunscreen use

( Sih Yeok Jang ),( Hyeong Ho Ryu ),( Eun Jung Hwang ),( Hyun Sun Park ),( So Yun Cho ),( Hyun Sun Yoon ) 대한피부과학회 2013 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.65 No.2

Background: Although sunscreen is used as a primary strategy to prevent sunburn, photoaging and skin cancer, only a few people regularly use sunscreen. Objectives: To investigate the awareness of effects of sunlight, the extent of sun exposure, and the behaviors about sunscreen uses in Korean. Methods: A questionnaire was administered 255 adult patients visited Dermatology Department at Seoul National University Boramae Hospital. It included questions about the awareness of benefit or harm of sunlight, perceived and actual extent of sun exposure, the use of sun-protective methods including sunscreen. Results: Sun exposure was chosen as the major cause of dyschromia (61.2%), skin cancer (62.8%) and wrinkle (28.6%). Respondents were likely to underestimate the extent of sun exposure. On average, quite a few respondents stated that they were exposed to sunlight more than one hour per day (23.1% on weekdays, 53.4% on weekends). But, only 8.7% thought that their sun exposures were problematic and 62.2% of respondents considered moderate sunlight exposure good for health. People`s sun protective behaviors were inadequate: only 30.8% used sunscreen regularly; 18.4% have never used sunscreen. SPF was the most important factor choosing sunscreen and 86.0% used sunscreen labeled SPF over 30. In contrast, only 40.3% used PA+++ sunscreen. Conclusion: Despite a fairly good knowledge about harmful effects of sunlight, people underestimated the risks of their sun exposure and behaviors were suboptimal.

니세틸 정(아세틸-엘-카르니틴 500 mg)에 대한 뉴로세틸 정의 생물학적 동등성

조혜영,김은아,정현철,심영순,임동구,오인준,문재동,이용복 전남대학교 약품개발연구소 2001 약품개발연구지 Vol.10 No.-

Acetyl-L-carnitine (ALC), an endogenous component of the L-carnitine family, is naturally occurring molecule synthesized from L-carnitine (LC) by carnitine acetyl transferase. ALC has been shown to improve the cognitive performance of patients suffering from dementia of the Alzheimer's type and proposed for treating Alzheimer's disease in pharmacological doses. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the bioequivalence of two ALC tablets, Nicetiler^TM (Dong-A pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) and Neurocetil^TM (Kyung-Dong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.), according to the guidelines of Korea Food and Drug Administration. Twenty six normal male volunteers, 22.80±2.76 year in age and 63.07 7.98㎏ in body weight, were divided into two groups and a randomized 2×2 cross-over study was employed. After one tablet containing 500㎎ of ALC was orally administered, blood was taken at predetermined time intervals and the concentrations of ALC in serum were determined using HPLC with fluorescence detector. Because of the presence of endogenous ALC, the calibration was performed using dialyzed serum. Pharmacokinetic parameters such as AUC_t, C_max and T_max were calculated and ANOVA was utilized for the statistical analysis of the parameters. The results showed that the differences in AUC_t, C_max and T_max between two tablets were 2.72%, -0.65% and -8.42%, respectively, when calculated against the Nicetile^TM tablet. The powers (1-β) for AUC_t and C_max were 94.87% and 87.17%, respectively. Minimum detectable differences (Δ) at α=0.05 and 1-β=0.8 were less than 20% (e.g., 15.58% and 19.16% AUC_t and C_max, respectively). The 90% confidence intervals were within ±20% (e.g., -11.84∼6.41 and -10.57∼11.88 for AUC_t and C_max, respectively). Two parameters met the criteria of KFDA for bioequivalence, indicating that Neurocetil^TM tablet is bioequivalent to Nicetile^TM tablet.

시중 판매중인 Fresh-Cut 채소 제품의 품질평가

조순덕,박주연,김은정,김동만,김건희 덕성여자대학교 대학원 2007 덕성여자대학교 대학원 논문집 Vol.9 No.-

Fresh-cut 채소 제품이 소비자에 의해 선택되어 소비되려면 이의 친환경적 원료생산과 가공, 포장, 서빙에 이르는 전 과정에서 체계적인 품질관리가 이루어져야 하며 갈변제어, 연화제어 및 미생물적 제어 등 관련 기술의 연구개발이 요구된다. 본 연구에서는 시중 유통 · 판매되고 있는 fresh-cut 채소제품의 품질을 비교평가하기 위해 현재 유통되고 있는 9개사 제품을 선정하였으며, 관능검사를 포함하여 vitamin C, 무기질, 중금속 함량, 잔류농약 및 미생물오염 정도를 조사하였다. 관능평가에서는 갈변 등 품질변화로 인해 전반적인 기호도가 그다지 높지 않았다. 채소류에서 중요 영양성분인 vitamin C 함량은 9개사 모든 제품의 주재료인 양상추에서 거의 검출되지 않았고 다른 채소류의 vatimin C 함량 역시 식품성분표보다 소량이었다. 무기질 함량 역시 극히 소량이었는데, 이는 박피, 절단 등의 최소 가공 공정을 거치면서 파괴되기 쉬운 vitamin C와 무기질이 대부분 손실되었기 때문으로 사료된다. 안전성측면에서 평가한 잔류 중금속 함량의 경우 몇 개의 제품에서 구리와 납이 소량 검출되었으며 잔류농약은 검출되지 않았다. Most fresh-cut agri-food products are less stable than the unprocessed materials from which they are made. The objective of this study was the development of a quality control system for fresh-cut agri-food products. In this study, the vitamin C, mineral, residual heavy metal contents and pesticides of various fresh-cut agri-food products were analysed. Through the sensory evaluation, the reason for the lower than expected overall acceptability in most products is that cut products are likely to cause browning and easily lose their freshness. Therefore, the postharvest technology that can maintain the quality, freshness and appearance must be supplied. Vitamin C contents did not exist in all salad products of the selected 9 companies, although vitamin C and mineral contents that are main nutrients that can be supplied mainly in salads. The results showed that vitamin C and mineral contents were very small and extremely small in other vegetables compared with the standard of a food ingredient, It is possible that vitamin C and most minerals are easily destroyed were lost through the minimal process like peeling and cutting. In safety side, the remaining heavy metal contents of fresh-cut agri-food were investigated and the results showed that copper and lead existed in some products because cadmium in agricultural produce is only controlled by the minimum standard of heavy metal contents in Korea. No residual pesticides were detected in all products.

실행기능(Exceutive Function)과 범법행위 : 소년범집단과 청소년통제집단의 실행기능 비교

조선미,이충순,오은영,김지현,박근영 용인정신의학연구소 1997 용인정신의학보 Vol.4 No.2

신원방우황청심원액의 뇌허혈 및 중추신경계에 대한 약효

조태순,이선미,이은방,조성익,김용기,신대희,박대규 성균관대학교 약학연구소 1999 成均藥硏論文集 Vol.11 No.-

Abstract-In order to investigate pharmacological properties of New Wonbang Woohwangchungsimwon Liquid(NSCL) and Wonbang Woohwangchungsimwon Liquid(SCL), the effects of NSCL and SCL on cerebral ischemia and central nervous system were compared. Cerebral ischemia insult was performed using unilateral carotid artery occlusion in mongolian gerbils. The histological observations showed a preventive effect of NSCL and SCL treatments with ischemia-induced brain damage. The ATP in brain tissue was decreased in vehicle-treated ischemic gerbils. This decrease was prevented by NSCL and SCL treatment. In contrast to what was seen with ATP, lipid peroxide were elevated in vehicle-treated ischemic gerbils. This elevation was inhibited by NSCL and SCL treatments. While NSCL and SCL had no effects on the hexobarbital-induced sleeping time, they showed sedative effect in rotarod and spontaneous activity test. NSCL and SCL prevented the seizures induced by electric shock and strychnine, but the effect of NSCL was less than that of SCL. Furthermore, NSCL and SCL showed anti-stress effect. Our findings suggest that the phamacological profiles of NSCL on cerebral ischemia and central nervous system are similar to those of SCL.

한국판 사건충격척도 수정판의 신뢰도 및 타당도 연구

은헌정,권태완,이선미,김태형,최말례,조수진 大韓神經精神醫學會 2005 신경정신의학 Vol.44 No.3

Objectives : The present study was conducted to explore the reliability and validity of the "Impact of Event Scale-RevisedKorean version" (IES-R-K). Methods : The subjects were college students who visited a college counseling center and patients who were admitted to a general hospital and two orthopedic local clinics.Those subjects who experienced catastrophic traumatic events were tested for CAPS, BDI, STAI-I, II, and MMPI-PTSD scale. Results : The range of correlations between item-total were .45 -.89. The coefficients of internal consistency were .69 -.83, of them were the Split-half reliability was .71 and the test-retest reliability was .89, all within expected ranges. Inter-corre-lations of IES-R-K, CAPS, BDI, STAI-I, II, and MMPI-PTSD scale were high. CAPS showed the highest correlation Coef-ficient. Factor analysis indicated 4 factors in IES-R ; avoidance, hyperarousal, intrusion, and sleep problem & numbness. IES-R-K can be a useful self-rating diagnostic instrument for PTSD symptoms to be a clinical concern by using 24/25 cutoff in total score. The partial PTSD cutoff score is 17/18. Conclusion : The IES-R-K was confirmed in it's reliability and validity. IES-R-K could be applied for screening of PTSD.

젊은 성인 남자의 흡연과 혈청 지질과의 관련성

조선,류소연,박종,강명근,김은숙,김형철,박광희,윤혜은,노희송 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2007 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.32 No.2

Objectives: This study was performed to find the association of cigarette smoking and blood lipid profiles in healthy young adults. Methods: The data was collected by a self-administered questionnaire and health examination in 489 professional soldiers from 6 to 12 May, 2004. The status of cigarette smoking was classified by non-smoking, ex-smoked, ≤4.9, 5-9.9, and ≥10 pack-years. The statistical analysis were used by chi-square test, analysis of variance and analysis of covariates. Results: In status of subjects cigarette smoking, current smoking, ex-smoked, and non-smoking were 71.8%, 11.2%, and 17.0%, respectively, In distribution by amount of smoking, non-smoking, ex-smoked, ≤4.9 pack-years, 5-9.9 pack-years, and ≥10 pack-years were 17.0%, 11.2%, 37.4%, 21.3%, and 13.1%, respectively. At other confounding variables were controlled, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol were increased significantly when amount of smoking was increased. However, triglyceride and HDL-cholesterol did not showed statistically significant differences, Conclusion: Smoking has relevant to total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol and it is need to perform the further study for finding how blood lipid profiles are affected its level by cigarette smoking and to find an influence of cigarette smoking on cardiovascular disease.

소아에서의 급성 파종성 뇌척수염의 임상적 고찰

조수진,박은애,유은선,김혜순,손세정,서정완,이승주,한후재 이화여자대학교 의과대학 2003 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.26 No.2

목적: 급성 파종성 뇌척수염은 감염이나 예방 접종 후 발생하는 중추 신경계의 급성 자가 면역 염증성 질환으로 탈수초를 일으킨다. 신경학적인 증상으로 발현되고 대부분 환전히 회복되지만 신경학적 후유증을 남기거나 사망 할 수도 있다. 이에 저자들은 본원에서 발생 한 14명을 분석하여 조기 진단과 치료에 도움을 주고자 하였다. 대상과 방법: 1998년 3월부터 2003년 8월까지 이대목동병원에서 급성 파종성 뇌척수염으로 진단 받은 14명의 의무기록을 후향적으로 조사하였다. 결과: 환자들의 평균 발생 연령은 5±7.8개월이였고, 특정계절이나 연도에 집중되어서 나타나지는 않았다. 선행질환은 주로 비특이적인 상기도 감염이 가장 많았고, 초기증상으로는 경련이 가장 많았다. 그 외에 의식저하나 운동장애도 있었다. 뇌척수액 검사에서 백혈구 증가증이 발견된 경우는 있었으나 단백이 증가된 경우는 없었다. 뇌 자기공명 촬영에서 T2 증강시 뇌백질과 기저핵에 고음영의 다발성 병소가 발견되었고 추적 촬영에서 대부분에서 소실되었다. 뇌파 검사가 시행되었던 경우 전반적인 서파가 가장 많았고 국소적인 극파가 나온 경우도 한 명 있었다. 환자들은 정맥 면역 글로블린과 메틸프레드니졸론으로 치료하였고 치료 시작 후 3~7일내 증상이 호전되었다. 모든 환자를 2달 이상 추적 관찰하였고 항경련제가 지속적으로 필요한 정도의 경련성 질환이 두 명, 신경아교증이 남아잇는 경우가 한 명, 외래에서 다발성 경화증이 의심되는 경우가 한 명 있었다. 결론: 급성 파종성 뇌척수염은 침범 부위에 따라서 다양한 임상 상으로 나타나며 면역 글로블린과 메틸프레드니졸론이 치료에 효과적이였다. 본 연구에서는 대상 환자수가 적어 신경학적 후유증의 위험요소는 밝힐 수는 없으나, 예후는 검사소견과 연관되어 있지는 않았고, 대부분에서 양호하여 완전히 회복되었으나, 신경학적 후유증이 남은 경우도 있었다. Objective:Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis(ADEM) is an acute demyelinating autoimmune inflammatory disease of the central nervous system which develops after infection of vaccination. It may be fatal, and produce a permanent residual static disability or fully recover. We retrospec-tively studied 14 cases to investigate the clinical findings and outcome of ADEM. Methods : 14cases of ADEM diagnosed at Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital from 1998 to 2003 were retrospectively reviewed. Results : The age of onset was 5years±7.8 months and no seasonal clustering was found. The time of onset of symptoms was between 3 to 30 days. The preceding events were nonspecific upper respiratory infections in 9 cases, aseptic meningitis in 4 cases, and gastroenteritis in one case..The initial symptoms were seizure, altered consciousness, hemiparesis, fever, headache, and vomiting. Brain MRI showed multifocal high signal intensity lesions on T2 weighted image mainly in the cerebral whith matter, basal ganglia and periventricular white matter. EEG was performed in some cases and showed generalized or focal slow waves and only one case showed focal spikes. Patients were treated with IV globulin and methylprednisolone and the symptoms improved within 3-7 days after treatment. All patients were followed up for more than 2 months and most of them fully recovered except two. Conclusion : ADEM presents in various clinical manifestations depending on its involvement of the brain lesions. Most cases recovered fully but in some cases, residual permanent neurologic sequelae remained.

신원방우황청심원의 뇌허혈 및 중추신경계에 미치는 영향

조태순,이선미,이은방,조성익,김용기,신대희,박대규 성균관대학교 약학연구소 1999 成均藥硏論文集 Vol.11 No.-

Abstract-In order to investigate pharmacological properties of New Wonbang Woohwangchungsimwon Pill(NSCH) and Wonbang Woohwangchungsimwon Pill (SCH), the effects of NSCH and SCH on cerebral ischemia and central nervous system were compared. Cerebral ischemia insult was performed using unilateral carotid artery occlusion in mongolian gerbils. The histological observations showed preventive effects of NSCH and SCH treatments with ischemia-induced brain damage. The ATP in brain tissue was decreased in vehicle-treated ischemic gerbils. This decrease was prevented by SCH treatment. In contrast to what was seen with ATP, lipid peroxide were elevated in vehicle-treated ischemic gerbils. This elevation was inhibited by NSCH and SCH treatments. While NSCH and SCH had no effects on the hexobarbital-induced sleeping time, they prevented the seizures induced by eletric shock and strychnine. NSCH and SCH showed sedative effect in rotarod and spontaneous activity test. Furthermore, NSCH and SCH showed anti-stress effect. Our findings suggest that the pharmacological profiles of NSCH on cerebral ischemia and central nervous system are similar to those of SCH.

강교의 도장방식에 따른 안전수명간 생애주기비용분석

조선규,한상철,김은겸 한국산업안전학회 2002 한국안전학회지 Vol.17 No.2

Life Cycle Cost analysis technique is introduced to evaluate cost-effectiveness of two paint systems of steel bridges. The systems are a conventional paint system and a galvanized paint system. The all costs during safe life such as initial cost, repainting costs, disposal costs are considered for the life cycle cost analysis. The NIST model is used and BridgeLOC 1.0 developed by the NIST is utilized as the life cycle cost analysis tool. It is concluded that, in spite of expensive initial cost, the durable paints system may be cost-effective compared with conventional paint system.