Ethanol Extract of Ganoderma lucidum Augments Cellular Anti-oxidant Defense through Activation of Nrf2/HO-1

Lee, Yoo-hwan,Kim, Jung-hee,Song, Choon-ho,Jang, Kyung-jeon,kim, Cheol-hong,Kang, Ji-Sook,Choi, Yung-hyun,Yoon, Hyun-Min KOREAN PHARMACOPUNCTURE INSTITUTE 2016 Journal of pharmacopuncture Vol.19 No.1

Objectives: The mushroom Ganoderma lucidum has been widely used as a traditional herbal medicine for many years. Although several studies have focused on the anti-oxidative activity of this mushroom, the molecular mechanisms underlying its activity have not yet been clearly established. The present study investigated the cytoprotective effect of ethanol extract of Ganoderma lucidum (EGL) against oxidative stress (hydrogen peroxide, $H_2O_2$) and elucidated the underlying mechanisms in a C2C12 myoblast cell line. Methods: Oxidative stress markers were determined by using the comet assay to measure reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage. Cell viability and Western blotting analyses were employed to evaluate the cellular response to EGL and $H_2O_2$ in C2C12 cells. Transfection with nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-specific small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) was conducted to understand the relationship between Nrf2 expression and $H_2O_2$-induced growth inhibition. Results: The results showed that EGL effectively inhibited $H_2O_2$-induced growth and the generation of ROS. EGL markedly suppressed $H_2O_2$-induced comet-like DNA formation and phosphorylation of histone H2AX at serine 139 ($p-{\gamma}H2AX$), a widely used marker of DNA damage, suggesting that EGL prevented $H_2O_2$-induced DNA damage. Furthermore, the EGL treatment effectively induced the expression of Nrf2, as well as heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), with parallel phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of Nrf2 in the C2C12 myoblasts. However, zinc protoporphyrin IX, a HO-1 inhibitor, significantly abolished the protective effects of EGL against $H_2O_2$-induced accumulation of ROS and reduced cell growth. Notably, transient transfection with Nrf2-specific siRNA attenuated the cytoprotective effects and HO-1 induction by EGL, indicating that EGL induced the expression of HO-1 in an Nrf2-dependent manner. Conclusion: Collectively, these results demonstrate that EGL augments the cellular anti-oxidant defense capacity through activation of Nrf2/HO-1, thereby protecting C2C12 myoblasts from $H_2O_2$-induced oxidative cytotoxicity.

자연산 점몰개, Squalidus multimaculatus Hosoya et Jeon의 새인두흡충, Clinostomum complanatum (Rudolphi, 1814) 감염

박명애 ( Myoung Ae Park ),서정수 ( Jung Soo Seo ),정승희 ( Sung Hee Jung ),최희정 ( Hee Jung Choi ),전은지 ( Eun Ji Jeon ),지보영 ( Bo Young Jee ),이완옥 ( Wan-ok Lee ),우승호 ( Sung Ho Woo ),이은혜 ( Eun Hye Lee ) 한국어병학회 2011 한국어병학회지 Vol.24 No.2

경상북도 영덕군의 하천에 서식하는 점몰개 spotted barbel gudgeon (Squalidus multimaculatus Hosoya et Jeon)의 근육에서 새인두흡충 Clinostomum complanatum (Rudolphi, 1814)의 피낭유충이 발견되었다. 감염된 점몰개는 "yellow grub"인 기생충의 피낭유충으로 인해 표면이 울퉁불퉁하게 보였으며, 수면위에 힘없이 유영하였고 일부 폐사한 개체도 발견되었다. 분리된 탈낭유충의 형태는 혓바닥 모양이었으며, 크기는 2.85~5.89 mm×0.8~1.99 mm였다. 어체당 1~98 개의 피낭유충을 분리하였으며 평균 감염수는 25개로 나타났다. 특히, 성어크기인 평균 7 cm 정도의 점몰개는 100% 감염되어 있었다. 본 연구는 한국의 자연수계에 서식하는 어류에서 C. complanatum 의해 질병이 발생하고 폐사가 일어난 첫 보고이다. The metacercariae of Clinostomum complanatum (Rudolphi, 1814) were isolated in the whole body muscle of wild freshwater fish, spotted barbel gudgeon (Squalidus multimaculatus Hosoya et Jeon) from the local river in Yeongdeok, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea. The infected fish with bumpy body surface by "yellow grub" showed erratic swimming behavior and some fish were died. The isolated excysted metacercariae were tongue shaped and 2.85~5.89 mm × 0.8~1.99 mm in size. 1~98 metacercariae were isolated in individual fish and mean infection intensity was 25. All examined adult spotted barbel gudgeon sizing 7 cm in body length were infected. This is the first report of disease outbreak and mortality caused by C. complanatum infection in wild freshwater fish in Korea.

전신경련을 보인 중증 열성 혈소판 감소 증후군에 의한 뇌병증 1 례: 증례보고

전호영, 이혜림, 여민주, 김지선, 신동익, 이성현, 이상수 충북대학교 의학연구소 2016 忠北醫大學術誌 Vol.26 No.2

본문참고

관상동맥질환자에서 경흉부 도플러 심초음파를 이용한 좌심실 확장기 기능의 평가 : 좌심실 확장기 장애 형태에 따른 분류

전희경,윤호중,유기동,박지원,전두수,정욱성,채장성,김재형,최규보,홍순조 대한순환기학회 1998 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.28 No.1

난치성 만성정신분열증 환자의 생활의 질에 미치는 정신사회치료 프로그램의 효과에 대한 예비연구

송동호,배민진,이종호,이홍식,김선경,서호석,김찬형,전지용 大韓神經精神醫學會 1995 신경정신의학 Vol.34 No.4

Objects : Recent studies of psychosocial adjustment after hospitalization have found that the combination of maintenance antipsychotic drug treatment and psychosocial treatment including psychoeducational program are highly predictive of social rehabilitation and reduction of subsequent relapse. Two groups of patients with refractory chronic schizophrenia were preliminarily compared to determine the effect of a psychosocial treatment program on the quality of life in refractory chronic schizophrenics in an open comparative trial. Methods : One group(N=11) was assigned to approximately six months of the psychosocial treatment program(including psychoeducation program and activity program such as interpersonal relationship program, social skill training, self management program, outings, etc), in a group format, twice a week and a fixed maintenance dosage of clozapine ; while scale(QLS) was used to provide an objective measure of changes in patient's psychosocial functioning and a general assessment of psychopathology was made using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale(BPRS). Results : Both BPRS total positive score and the QLS total score, especially in the intrapsychic foundation factor of the scale showed a statistically significant improvement in the psychosocial treatment group. But there was no significant change in both BPRS and QLS scores over a 6-month period in the non-psychosocial treatment group. A significant negative correlation was found between the negative symptom and changes of QLS total, instrumental role and common object and activities scores respectively after receiving a 6-month of the psychosocial treatment program. Conclusion : These results suggest that a psychosocial treatment program including the integration of psychoeducation and a skill training oriented activity program serve as an outpatient treatment modality to improve the quality of the life in refractory chronic schizophrenia. To further clarify the effect of psychosocial treatment in chronic schizophrenia, a randomized trial should be done.

MgO 버퍼층을 이용한 PZT 박막의 형성 및 특성 평가

김지미,전호승,강재경,최형봉,김철주 서울시립대학교정보기술연구소 2001 정보기술연구소 논문집 Vol.3 No.-

In this paper, we fabricated the MgO layer by sol-gel method and estimated possibility as a buffer layer for ferroelectric such as PZT. MgO(Magnesium Oxide) proposed as buffer layer of ferroelectric is already for much used as buffer layer in optic technology. There are many formation methods of MgO layer, but in this study, we selected the sol-gel method which is easy to control the content of material and possible for fabrication of uniform layer, then we formed thin layer through the composition of MgO and PZT solution, spin coating and annealing. To estimate the possibility as buffer layer about ferroelectric layer, we analyzed the physical and electrical characteristics about PZT on MgO layer.By SEM, AFM and XRD analysis, we could know facts that the surface condition of PZT on MgO was relatively smooth and the crystal orientation of PZT was enhanced by MgO layer. Due to the measurements of P-V, C-V and I-V characteristics of PZT/MgO capacitor structure, the polarization, fatigue and breakdown properties of PZT on MgO were much improved than those of PZT without MgO layer. Also, in MFIS structure, the PZT on MgO showed the stable memory property. These results could be compared to those of MgO buffer layer formed by sputtering, so, if studies about the composition of MgO solution and the formation of MgO layer are executed continuously, the fabrication process of MgO layer by sol-gel method can be applied as the process for buffer layer of ferroelectric.

영일만에 출현하는 부유성 난과 자치어의 종조성 및 계절변화

한경호,홍지선,김영섭,전경암,김영숙,홍병규,황동식 한국어류학회 2003 韓國魚類學會誌 Vol.15 No.2

경상북도 영일만 연안에서 2001년 2월, 5월, 8월 및 11월에 계절별로 채집된 부유성 난과 자치어의 종조성 및 계절변화를 연구하였다. 채집된 부유성 난은 총 9개 분류군으로, 멸치가 출현량의 63.4%로 가장 우점하였고, 다음 까나리는 23.7%를 차지하였으며, 나머지는 7개 분류군이 12.9%를 차지하였다. 자치어는 총 7목 28과 37개의 분류군이 출현하였는데, 그 중 32개 분류군은 종 수준까지, 3개 분류군은 속 수준까지, 2개 분류군은 과 수준까지 동정하였다. 2월에는 2목 7과 12종, 5월에는 3목 5과 7종, 8월에는 6목 18과 21종, 11월에는 6목 14과 16종이 출현하였다. 주요 출현종으로서는 까나리가 자치어 출현량의 22.7%를 차지하여 가장 우점하였으며, 다음은 멸치가 16.7%, 동갈양태속 어류가 14.1%를 차지하였고, 노래미와 쥐노래미가 각각 5.7%와 5.5를 차지하였다. The ichthyoplanktons in coastal waters of Yongil Bay were sampled during four different months (February, May, August and November 2001) to study their distribution. The collected fish eggs were identified as belonging to nine species. The most dominant species Engraulis japonicus accounted for 63.4% of the total fish eggs, followed by Ammodytes personatus (23.7%) and Sardinops melanostictus (9.2%). The collected larvae and juveniles were identified into 37 taxa (28 families, 7 orders). Of these, 32 were identified to species, three were identified to genus and two were identified to family level. The dominant species Ammodytes personatus accounted for 22.7% of the total larvae and juveniles, followed by Engraulis japonicus (16.7%), and Repomucenus sp. (14.1%). These three taxa constituted 53.5% of the total collected larvae and juveniles.

경골 Pilon 골절 후 가동술(mobilization)과 복합운동 적용사례 : 증례 보고

안호정,전범수,박지환 대한정형도수치료학회 2006 대한정형도수물리치료학회지 Vol.12 No.1

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of mobilization application for the lower extremity after fibula Pilon fracture operation patient. Methods: The subjects was 62 years old male who was injury of Lt. fibula shaft Fx., 3 cuneiform & cuboid Fx., 2.3.4 metatarsal bone Fx.. We were compared to result of physical therapy between pre and post exercise for 2weeks. Results: The results of this study were summarized below; The mobilization application of the Lt. lower extremity was significantly differences of the ROM at pre and post therapy after 2 weeks, especially in knee flexion (40˚). The increased of accessary movement was evaluated to increased of the physiologic movement about the joints of the lower extremity. Conclusion: We consider that factors of therapy result were not only fracture types, operation and reduction methods for the fibula Pilon fracture but also the ability of physical therapist's manual techniques.

심인성 색전 요인이 없는 뇌경색 환자에서 경식도 심초음파와 Acoustic Quantification을 이용한 대동맥 탄성의 평가

이종민,윤호중,임효영,박지원,김휘열,전희경,문건웅,정욱성,채장성,김재형,최규보,홍순조 대한순환기학회 2000 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.30 No.8

브라켓과 탄선 간의 마찰 전후 표면 변화 분석 : 원자현미경을 이용한 예비연구

이태희,박기호,전지윤,김수정,박헌국,박영국 대한치과교정학회 2010 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.40 No.3

브라켓과 호선 간에 발생하는 마찰은 치아 이동의 효율에 상당한 영향을 미친다. 마찰력에 기여하는 요소 중 특히 브라켓과 호선의 표면조도는 중요한 요소이다. 본 연구는 브라켓과 탄선을 실험적으로 마찰시킨 후, 원자현미경 (atomic force microscope, AFM)을 사용하여 브라켓 슬롯과 교정용 탄선의 표면 조도 변화를 정성적, 정량적으로 측정하고 비교 평가하여 브라켓과 호선 간의 마찰이 각각의 표면 변화에 미치는 영향을 규명하고자 시행되었다. 스테인리스 스틸 브라켓과 세라믹 브라켓에 각각 스테인리스 스틸 탄선과 TMA 탄선을 실험적으로 활주마찰시킨 후 각각을 원자현미경을 이용하여 표면을 관찰하였다. 실험결과 브라켓보다는 교정용 탄선에서 활주마찰 후에 더 많은 표면 변화가 나타났다. 또한 활주마찰 후에 스테인리스 스틸 브라켓은 표면 조도의 유의한 변화가 없었으나 세라믹 브라켓은 표면 조도가 감소하였다. 그리고 교정용 탄선은 모두 활주마찰 후에 표면 조도가 증가하였으며 이러한 표면 변화는 스테인리스 스틸 브라켓보다 세라믹 브라켓과의 활주마찰 후에 더 큰 것으로 관찰되었다. 본 실험으로 원자현미경은 브라켓 슬롯과 탄선의 표면 조도를 정량적으로 측정하는 데에 유용한 수단임을 알 수 있었다. Objective: The surface roughness of orthodontic materials is an essential factor that determines the coefficient of friction and the effectiveness of tooth movement. The aim of this study is to evaluate the surface roughness change of the brackets and wires after experimental sliding quantitatively. Methods: Before and after experimental sliding tests, the surface roughness of stainless steel brackets, ceramic brackets, stainless steel wires, and beta-titanium (TMA) wires were investigated and compared using atomic force microscopy (AFM). Results: After sliding tests, changes in the surface of the wire were greater than changes in the bracket slot surface. The surface roughness of the stainless steel bracket was not significantly increased after sliding test, whereas the roughness of ceramic brackets was decreased. Both the surface roughness of stainless steel and TMA wires were increased after sliding test. More changes were observed on the ceramic bracket than the stainless steel bracket. Conclusions: AFM is a valuable research tool when analyzing the surface roughness of the brackets and wires quantitatively.