대황과 감초 병용의 항산화 및 간보호효과

이은혜,백수연,김광연,이슬기,김상찬,이형식,김영우,Lee, Eun Hye,Baek, Su Youn,Kim, Kwang-Youn,Lee, Seul-Gi,Kim, Sang Chan,Lee, Hyeong Sik,Kim, Young Woo 대한한의학방제학회 2016 대한한의학 방제학회지 Vol.24 No.3

Objectives : Rheum undulatum Linne and Glycyrriza uralensis Fischer are widely used herbal medicine. In this study, anti-oxidant and liver protective effects of R. undunlatum extract (RUE) and G. uralensis extract (GUE) were investigated in HepG2 cells, respectively. Oxidative stress and liver fibrosis were induced by arachidonic acid (AA) and iron, and CCl₄.Methods : MTT assay was assessed for cell viability, and immunoblotting analysis was performed to detect expression of apoptosis related proteins. In addition, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial dysfunction were measured. In vivo, BALB/c mouse were orally administrated with the aqueous extract of 10 mg/kg RUE and 100 mg/kg GUE for 3 days and then, injected with CCl₄ 0.5 ml/kg body weight to induce acute liver damage. Serum ALT level was measured, and histological change was observed in Harris's hematoxylin and eosin stainResults : RUE and GUE pre-treatment increased relative cell viability in concentration dependent manner and altered the expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins such as procaspase 3, PARP and Bcl-xL. RUE and GUE also inhibited the mitochondrial dysfunction and excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production induced by AA and iron. In addition, RUE and GUE activated liver kinase B1 (LKB1), by increasing phosphorylation. Moreover, RUE and GUE treatment decreased liver injuries induced by CCl₄, as evidenced by decreases in histological liver damage as well as serum alanine amino transferase (ALT) level.Conclusions : These data suggest that RUE and GUE has anti-oxidant and liver protective effects against AA and iron-induced oxidative stress and CCl₄-induced liver injury.

Alg₃ 두께 변화에 따른 유기 발광 소자의 내장 전압

이은혜,윤희명,김태완,Lee, Eun-Hye,Yoon, Hee-Myoung,Kim, Tae-Wan 한국전기전자재료학회 2008 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.21 No.3

Built-in voltage in ITO/$Alq_3$/ Al organic light-emitting diodes was studied by varying a thickness of $Alq_3$ layer using modulated photocurrent technique at ambient condition. A thickness of the $Alq_3$ layer was varied from 100 to 250 nm. From the bias voltage-dependent photocurrent, built-in voltage of the device was able to be determined. The obtained built-in voltage is about 0.8 V irrespective of the $Alq_3$ layer thickness in the device. This value of built-in voltage confirms that the built-in voltage is generated due to a difference of work function of the anode and cathode. The $Alq_3$ layer thickness independent built-in voltage indicates that the built-in electric field in the device is uniform across the organic layer.

소아에서 내시경 검사의 출혈 위험 예측 인자로서 혈액 응고 검사 및 혈소판 검사의 의의

이은혜,양혜란,고재성,서정기,Lee, Eun-Hye,Yang, Hye-Ran,Ko, Jae-Sung,Seo, Jeong-Kee 대한소아소화기영양학회 2010 Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition Vol.13 No.1

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the benefits of routine pre-endoscopy coagulation screening tests and platelet counts in Korean children. Methods: Between March 2004 and December 2009, children who underwent gastrointestinal endoscopy for the evaluation of various gastrointestinal symptoms were included. All of the subjects included in the study also underwent routine coagulation screening and platelet count determinations prior to endoscopy and biopsy. The clinical records and laboratory tests were retrospectively reviewed in all patients. Results: One hundred sixty-two of 1,476 (11%) patients who underwent endoscopy had abnormal results on pre-screening coagulation tests. Fourteen patients underwent coagulation factor assays due to abnormal clotting results in consecutive tests or due to clinical evidence of a bleeding tendency. Seven patients were diagnosed with factor XII deficiency, one patient was diagnosed with von Willebrand disease, one patient had von Willebrand disease and factor XII deficiency, and one patient was presumed to have mild hemophilia. The remaining 4 patients had normal results with the factor assays. The results of platelet counts were normal with the exception of 1 patient. No patient had significant bleeding during the endoscopic procedures, despite abnormal pre-endoscopic coagulation tests. Conclusion: Routine coagulation screening tests and platelet counts revealed abnormal results in some patients. Most of the patients with abnormal clotting were shown to have a factor XII deficiency, which had no significant associated bleeding tendencies; the other patients were diagnosed with hemophilia or von Willebrand disease. Therefore, although abnormal pre-endoscopic coagulation is not always related to significant bleeding complications, pre-endoscopic coagulation screening may be useful in some children in predicting the risk of bleeding tendency during endoscopic procedures.

고추장 묘사분석을 위한 프로토콜 개발: 입가심물질 중심으로

이은혜,정서진,유선미,한귀정,Lee, Eun-Hye,Chung, Seo-Jin,Yu, Seon-Mi,Han, Kui-Jeong 한국식품조리과학회 2013 한국식품조리과학회지 Vol.29 No.5

This study was conducted to establish an effective palate cleanser when conducting descriptive analysis for gochujang products. In addition, descriptive analysis procedure for gochujang products was optimized. A generic descriptive analysis was performed on 4 types of gochujang samples varying in hot and spicy levels. The sensory attributes developed were 9 odors, 13 flavors, 4 texture and mouth feel attributes, and 4 appearance attributes. In order to select an effective palate cleanser for gochujang, 5 types of cleansers were tested (water, water+bread, water+cucumber, water+milk, water+cracker). Correct answering rate, significant numbers of product effect on sensory attributes, and the mean hot and spicy intensity values were considered to select the optimal palate cleanser. Results showed that as the hot & spicy level increased, red pepper odor and flavor significantly increased whereas umami taste intensity decreased. When comparing the efficiencies of various palate cleanser, the correct answer rates were the highest when warm water was used with either cucumber or cracker. Additionally, the attribute intensities were better differentiated between gochujang samples when cracker, white wheat bread, or cucumber were used. Overall, warm water with cucumber or cracker were shown to be the most effective cleansers.

소아 만성 B형 간염 환아에서 라미부딘의 치료 효과

이은혜,장주영,김경모,Lee, Eun-Hye,Jang, Joo-Young,Kim, Kyung-Mo 대한소아소화기영양학회 2008 Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition Vol.11 No.2

Purpose: Lamivudine is known to be effective for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B in adults. However, data on lamivudine therapy in pediatrics is limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and durability of lamivudine therapy for chronic hepatitis B in Korean children. Methods: A total of 44 children (27 males and 17 females, ages 6 months to 14.8 years, mean age 6.7 years) with chronic hepatitis B who received lamivudine (3 mg/kg/day, max 100 mg) for at least 12 months were enrolled. We evaluated the serum AST, ALT and serological HBV markers (HBsAg and anti-HBs, HBeAg and anti HBe, and HBV DNA) periodically. Predictive three year cumulative seroconversion rates were obtained using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: Twenty one (48%) of 44 children achieved seroconversion of HBeAg by three years, while 23 (42%) children did not. HBV DNA was cleared in 34 (77%) children and the serum ALT levels were normalized in 41 children (93%). The three year cumulative seroconversion rates were 60% for HBeAg, and the clearance rates were 76% for HBV DNA. Eighteen children who discontinued lamivudine after HBeAg seroconversion maintained the therapeutic response for three years (treatment duration 13~58 months mean 24 months). Viral breakthrough developed in 12 children (27%) during the therapy and the YMDD mutation was documented in 11 children (25%). The mean duration for the development of a mutation was 22.7 months. Loss of HBsAg occurred in 6 children (14%). The pretreatment ALT levels were higher in responders; however, the differences were not statistically significant (p>0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that lamivudine treatment had a favorable effect and durable therapeutic response in children with chronic hepatitis B. Long term follow-up and alternative therapy are warranted for those patients who do not respond to this treatment.

주거공간 내 IT기술 적용 에너지 저감 창호형 환기시스템 연구

이은혜,김용성,지충구,Lee, Eun-Hye,Kim, Yong-Seong,Ji, Chung-Gu 한국주거학회 2013 한국주거학회 논문집 Vol.24 No.2

This study has the purpose to adapt IT technology on Window Type Ventilation System for the energy saving and providing of user-centered comfortable environment. This is Derived a look at the case of the window type ventilation system and researched its IT technology for reducing energy applied to the Green Home. This indicates a solution for the established Window Type Ventilation System which can not be satisfied with user's requirement by proposing Window Type Ventilation System applied to IT technology that makes it control the intelligent, combined indoor environment system and providing information. Also, it shows energy saving efficiency of Window Type Ventilation System applied to IT technology based on the model study, analysing the performance of air-conditioning and ventilation energy saving through the experiment to compare with the established Window Type Ventilation System. The result of this study has the significance that it suggests an alternative for energy saving of housing space.

AlAs_xSb_1-x 단계 성분 변화 완충층을 이용한 Si (100) 기판 상 Al_0.3Ga_0.7As/GaAs 다중 양자 우물 형성

이은혜,송진동,연규혁,배민환,오현지,한일기,최원준,장수경,Lee, Eun Hye,Song, Jin Dong,Yoen, Kyu Hyoek,Bae, Min Hwan,Oh, Hyun Ji,Han, Il Ki,Choi, Won Jun,Chang, Soo Kyung 한국진공학회 2013 Applied Science and Convergence Technology Vol.22 No.6

The $AlAs_xSb_{1-x}$ step-graded buffer (SGB) layer was grown on the Silicon (Si) substrate to overcome lattice mismatch between Si substrate and $Al_{0.3}Ga_{0.7}As$/GaAs multiple quantum wells (MQWs). The value of root-mean-square (RMS) surface roughness for 5 nm-thick GaAs grown on $AlAs_xSb_{1-x}$ step-graded buffer layer was ~1.7 nm. $Al_{0.3}Ga_{0.7}As$/GaAs MQWs with AlAs/GaAs short period superlattice (SPS) were formed on the $AlAs_xSb_{1-x}$/Si substrate. Photoluminescence (PL) peak at 10 K for the $Al_{0.3}Ga_{0.7}As$/GaAs MQW structure showed relatively low intensity at ~813 nm. The RMS surface roughness of the $Al_{0.3}Ga_{0.7}As$/GaAs MQW structure was ~42.9 nm. The crystal defects were observed on the cross-sectional transmission electron microscope (TEM) images of the $Al_{0.3}Ga_{0.7}As$/GaAs MQW structure. The decrease of PL intensity and increase of RMS surface roughness would be due to the formation of the crystal defects.

수종의 섬유 강화 레진 포스트의 방사선 불투과도와 식별도 평가

이은혜,최항문,박세희,김진우,조경모,Lee, Eun-Hye,Choi, Hang-Moon,Park, Se-Hee,Kim, Jin-Woo,Cho, Kyung-Mo 대한치과보존학회 2010 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.35 No.3

The purpose of this study was to compare radiopacity and radiographic discriminability of various FRC-Posts. Six FRC-Posts were investigated ; 1) FRC Postec Plus (Ivoclar Vivadent AG, Schaan, Liechtenstein), 2) Snowlight (Carbotech, Lewis center, OH, USA), 3) Dentin Post (Komet Brasseler, Lamgo, Germany), 4) Rely-X Fiber Post (3M ESPE, St.paul, MN, USA), 5) D.T.-Light Post (BISCO, Schaumburg, IL,USA), 6) Luxapost (DMG, Hamburg, Germany) The radiographs of each post with a reference 1 mm / 2 mm aluminum step-wedge was taken using digital sensor. The optical density were calculated by gray value of $10{\times}10$ pixel and compared in mm Al equivalent at five points. Six maxillary incisors of similar radiopacity were used. Radiographs of posts in Mx. incisors of lingual side of dry mandible were taken. We showed radiographs and asked the questionnaire to 3 radiologists, 3 endodontists, 3 general practitioners. The questionnaire was comprised of choices of the highest, lowest radiopaque individual post and the choices of best discriminable post at apical, coronal area. The following results were obtained. 1. Each post system showed various radiopacity. 2. There was change of discriminability between each post and simulated specimens regardless of examiner. Although each post showed various radiopacity, the difference of radiopacity did not affect on discriminability.

방사성의약품 검사 시 진단(CT)영상에 미치는 영향

이은혜,이예슬,김가중,최준구,Lee, Eun-Hye,Lee, Ye-Seul,Kim, Gha-Jung,Choi, Jun-Gu 대한디지털의료영상학회 2010 대한디지털의료영상학회논문지 Vol.12 No.2

This research attempts to qualitatively evaluate the intensity change by radiopharmaceuticals and obtain computed tomography using phantom injected with various nuclide. Cylindrical phantom is used for comparing and analysing the effect on diagnosis image during radiopharmaceuticals inspection. Inside of the phantom, water is injected and computed tomography image is scanned. During nuclear medicine invitro, frequently used radiopharmaceuticals, $^{99m}TcO_4$ 20 mCi and $^{18}F$ 14 mCi, is diluted in the water phantom and scanned in the same method. Traverse image obtained by CT scan is divided into six traverse image in the same slice of each scanned image. CT-number(HU) value of 10 measuring point is measured in 2 cm interval based on the center of the phantom. Measured HU value, based on the water phantom, is compared with the image after injecting $^{99m}TcO_4$ and $^{18}F$. Average scale of water is 2.8~1.6 HU, $^{99m}TcO_4$ is 3.0~1.6 HU and $^{18}F$ is 1.2~0 HU. Average of water is $2.3{\pm}0.17$ HU, $^{99m}TcO_4$ is $2.2{\pm}0.85$ HU and F-18 is $0.7{\pm}0.95$ HU. Based on water, reduced value of about 0.1 HU and about 0.5 HU is acquired from $^{99m}TcO_4$ and F-18. Radionuclide used in nuclear medicine inspection utilizes 100~200 KeV energy and obtains image through scintillation camera and PET-CT utilizes 511 KeV positron annihilation energy to obtain image. What we learned from this research is that gamma rays from these energies used in CT scan for diagnosis purpose or radioactive therapy plan can change the intensity of the image. The nuclear medicine inspection for reducing the effect of emitted gamma ray diagnosis image should be obtained after a period of time considering half-life which would be reduced distortion or changed in image.

임신 중기 태아 맥락총 낭종 119예의 추적 조사: - 18번 삼염색체증과의 연관성 여부를 중심으로 -

이은혜(Eun Hye Lee),이유미(You Me Lee),신명철(Myung Choel Shin),민유선(Yu Seon Min),이상희(Sang Hee Lee),김현철(Hyeon Chul Kim),김종욱(Jong Wook Kim),이숙환(Sook Hwan Lee),이위현(Wee Hyun Lee),조진호(Jin Ho Cho),이정노(Chung No Lee) 대한산부인과학회 2000 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.43 No.7

Objective: To evaluate the clinical significance of fetal choroid plexus cysts (CPCs) in the second trimester, especially an association with trisomy 18. Methods: From March 1998 through June 1999, second trimester screening ultrasonography was performed on 4,948 unselected single-ton pregnancies. CPCs were noted in 132 fetuses. Among them, detailed ultrasonography and follow-up was possible in 119 cases and they were recruited into the study. There were 91 cases of isolated CPCs and 28 cases of CPCs in high-risk population. Isolated CPCs were defined as: mother did not have any risk factors requiring amniocentesis and there were no other sonographic abnormalities on detailed ultrasound. CPCs in high-risk population were defined as: mother had any risk factor requiring karyotyping or there were any other sonographic abnormalities although she was general population. Amniocentesis was performed in 39 cases. We compared gestational age at time of detection, size, bilaterally, multiplicity, and complexity of CPCs in the group of isolated CPCs and CPCs in high-risk population (t-test, chi-square test; p<0.05). We evaluated the findings of detailed and follow-up ultrasonography, karyotypes, and final outcomes of pregnancy.Results: Gestational age at time of detection was not different in both groups of isolated CPCs and CPCs in high-risk population (19±2 vs 18±1 wk, p>0.05). Mean size (6.4 vs 6.2 mm), bilaterality (60% vs 57%), multiplicity (66% vs 57%), and complexity (8% vs 14%) of CPCs were also similar. All CPCs were disappeared irrespective of size and mean time of disappearance was 25±3 and 26±3 week, respectively (p>0.05). All cases of isolated CPCs resulted in phenotypically-normal neonates. It was confirmed by either amniocentesis or postnatal examination by the pediatrician. Among fetuses having CPCs in high-risk population, two trisomy 18 and one trisomy 21 were detected. All of them had positive result of maternal serum marker test and/or sonographic abnormalities. Remaining cases were proved normal.Conclusion: The risk of chromosome abnormalities is very high when CPCs are associated with other abnormalities on detailed ultrasound, indicating a clear need to offering genetic amniocentesis. As contrast, the risk of chromosome abnormalities for a case of isolated CPCs is very low, and in this series there was no trisomy 18. Therefore isolated CPCs should be considered as the indication of detailed ultrasound examination, but not routine karyotyping.