IL-β의 인슐린 분비 자극효과와 그 과정에 관여하는 인자들

정인경,오승훈,강동묵,정재훈,민용기,이명식,이문규,김광원 대한당뇨병학회 2002 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.24 No.4

연구배경: IL­1β는 용량과 노출시간에 따라 인슐린분비에 대해 상반되는 효과를 가지고 있다. IL­1β의 인슐린 분비 억제효과는 제1혁명 당뇨병의 자가면역 기전과 관련되어 잘 알려져 있으나 인슐린 자극효과에 대해서는 아직 명백히 밝혀지지 않았다. 이에 저자 등은 IL­1β의 다양한 농도에 따라 백서의 췌도세포에서 인슐린 분비에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고, 그 기전으로 인슐린 생합성, iNOS의 발현, 칼슘통로의 활성도 변화여부를 알아보고자 하였다. 방법:200∼300g인 수컷 Sprague­Dawley 백서의 췌도를 변형된 Lacy&Kostianovsky's 방법으로 분리한 후 IL­1β의 다양한 농도(0, 0.5, 5, 50, 500pmol/L)에 2, 6, 24시간 노출시켜 췌도세포의 형태, 생존능을 관찰하고 인슐린 분비능 및 췌도세포내 인슐린 함량을 측정하였으며, 전전구 인슐린 mRNA발현, iNOS mRNA발현을 RT­PCR을 통해 확인하였고, 세포의 칼슘 통로 활성도 변화 여부를 측정하였다. 결과:1) IL­1β에 노출되 췌도의 생존능:2시간 노출시는 대조군과 차이가 없었으나, 6시간 고농도군과 24시간 모든 군에서 생존능이 감소되었다. 2)인슐린 분비능은 IL­1β를 2시간 5poml/L이상의 고농도와 6시간 0.5pmol/L 저농도 처리시 대조군에 비해 의미있게 증가하였으나, 6시간과 24시간 5poml/L이상의 고농도에서는 의미있게 인슐린의 분비가 억제 되었다. 3)췌도내 인슐린양의 변화는 IL­1β의 시간과 농도에 따라 배지내의 인슐린 변화와 비슷한 경향을 보였으나 통계학적으로 의미있는 차이는 없었다. 4)전전구인슐린의 mRNA발현은 2시간 50pmol/L이상 고농도의 IL­1β에서 의미있게 증가하였고, 6시간 처리군에서는 의미있는 차이는 없었으나, 24시간에서 IL­1β의 용량의존적으로 억제되었다. 5)iNOS mRNA는 IL­1β 처리 후 2시간부터 발현되기 시작하여, 6시간에 최고에 달한 후 24시간에는 점차 감소하였다. IL­1β의 처리시간과 무관하게 5poml/L이상의 고농도에서 용량에 따라 발현이 증가하였다. 6)칼슘통로 활성도는 IL­1β의 농도나 시간에 따라 유의한 차이가 없었다. 결론: IL­1β는 단시간 고용량이나 장기간 저용량에서 인슐린 분비와 생합성을 증가시키며, 이런 효과는 iNOS나 칼슘 통로 활성도 변화와는 무관한 것으로 생각된다. Background : The inhibitory effort of IL-1β on the insulin secretion has been validated in pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes, but complex results about the stimulatory effect of IL-1β have been reported. The aims of this study are to clarify the effects of IL-1βon insulin secretion of pancreatic islets and to investigate the mechanisms in terms of preproinsulin synthesis, inducible NOS expression, and calcium channel activity. Method : Islets were isolated from male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat by modified Lacy-Kostianovsky's method. After islets were treated with different concentrations (0, 0.5, 5, 50, 500 pmol/L) and exposure time (2, 6, 24 hours) of IL-1β, morphology, viability, static stimulation of insulin to glucose, insulin content, preproinsulin mRNA expression, iNOS mRNA expression and calcium channel activity were measured. Results : 1) Viability o islets was reduced in high concentrations of long term exposure of IL-1β. 2) Insulin secretion was stimulated in islets treated with 5, 50, and 500 pmol/L of IL-1β for 2 hours. 3) Insulin content was not significantly different regardless of concentration and exposure time of IL-1β. 4) Preproinsulin mRNA expression increased in islets treated with 50, 500 pmol/L of IL-1β for 2 hours. After 24 hours, it decreased in dose dependent manner. 5) iNOS mRNA expression was detectable after 2 hours in the presence of IL-1β, peaks at 6 hour and decreased after 24 hours. It was increased above 5 pmol/L of IL-1β in dose dependent manner. 6) Activities of the voltage-dependent Ca^2+ channels were not different among groups. Conclusion : IL-1β plays a positive role in terms of insulin secretion and insulin synthesis in high concentration of short term or low concentration of long term. These effects of IL-1β might be neither dependent of iNOS pathway nor Ca^2+ channel activity (J Kor Diabetes Asso 431~443, 2000).

A Study on an Apparatus for the Metal Material Thickness Measurement in High Temperature by Magnetostrictive Ultrasonic Method

Ji Yeon Shin(신지연),Ting Ting Zhang(장팅팅),Tong In Oh(오동인),Soo Woon Park(박수운),Yong Cheol Kim(김용철),Seung Bong Lee(이승봉),Kwang Sik Yoon(윤광식),Kil Mo Koo(구길모) 대한전자공학회 2020 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.2020 No.8

In vary high temperature conditions a metal material thickness measurement is of importance in the phenomena associated with the nuclear accident, in connection with the demonstration experiments of In-vessel phenomenon. In this case a hemispherical thickness measuring apparatus and method using a magnatostrictive ultrasonic wave that can be suggested to measure for this thickness change in real time as the ultrasonic wave apparatus is secured.

T 및 B cell 測定 : 1. 1次 成績 Ⅰ. Results, Primary

金在植,崔成萬,金在龍,全東錫,朴正姬,徐相喆,金仁子,金在崇,金重明 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1982 慶北醫大誌 Vol.23 No.2

E-rosette法에 의한 T cell의 百分率과 螢光抗體法, 感作牛赤血球擔體法, 酵素抗體法 및 마우스赤血球 rosette法에 의한 B cell 의 百分率을 檢査하여 다음과 같이 요약할 수 있었다. 정상성인군의 active T cell은 26±8.2%이었고 total T cell은 72±4.9%이었다. B cell 는 螢光抗體法으로 22±5.4%, 感作牛赤血球擔體法으로 15.8±4.9%, 酵素抗體法으로 15±5.2% 그리고 mouse RBC-rosette法으로 17.2±4.1%이었다. 惡性腫瘍에 있어서 active T cell은 27.±10.4%이었고 total T cell 은 59±11.2%로서 정상인군에 비하여 유의한 감소를 보였다. 良性疾患에 있어서 T cell 은 정상인군에 비하여 유의한 차이를 볼 수 없었다. T cell percent by E-rosette and B cell by fluorescent antibody, senitized ox RBC rosette, enzyme antibody and mouse RBC rosette tests were performed. In healthy adult group the active T cell was 26±8.2% and total T cell was 72±4.9%, B cell by fluorescent antibody was 22.±5.40%, by ox RBC rosette 15.8±4.9%, by enzyme antibody 15±5.2% and by RBC-rosette 17.2±4.1%. In malignant tumor the active T cell was 27±10.4% and total T cell was 59±11.2%. In benign diseases T cell count showed no significant difference from normal adult group.

FC-25계 회주철의 Boro-Nitriding 복합 표면처리에 따른 표면특성과 고온산화거동에 관한 연구

허인창,손근수,윤재홍,조동율,박봉규,김현수,김인수 대한금속재료학회 2005 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.43 No.2

Surface properties and oxidation behavior were studied for FC-25 gray cast iron (GCI), ion nitrided CCI (N CCI), powder boronized CCI (B GCI) and powder boronized N CCI (B-N GCI). A boride (Fe2B and FeB) layer with a tooth shape was formed by boronizing GCI at 650℃. The thickness and hardness of the layer were proportional to boronizing temperature and time. The hardness was decreased as the depth of the boronized layer increased. The activation energy for boride formation was about 74 kJ/mol. The thickness of the graphite layer formed by boronizing was increased by increasing temperature and time. A silicon layer insoluble to borides accumulated beneath the boride layer. The major phases were Fe4N, Fe3N and FeN in the nitride layer formed by ion nitriding. The thickness and hardness of the layer increased with increasing nitriding temperature and time under the Fe4N decomposition temperature of 680℃. The hardness was maximum at the surface and decreased with increasing nitrided depth on B-N GCI at 700℃, above the Fe4N decomposition temperature. Hardness of B-N GCI at the layer depth of 10 μm was 1000 Hv, which was lower than that of the B GCI at the same condition. Also the layer thickness was 50 gm; 10 μm deeper than that of B GCI. The reason was that the nitrogen gas given off by the decomposition made the layer porous and facilitated the diffusion of oxygen and other reactants. The samples were oxidated at 800℃ for 48hrs under atmospheric air. Oxidation rate was in decreasing order of N GCI, GCI, B GCI and B-N GCI. Oxidation rates were greatly influenced by the diffusion of nitrogen gas formed by Fe4N decomposition over the decomposition temperature of 680℃ and the oxidation barrier of the less corrosive boride layer. (Received October 29, 2004)

FC-25계 회주철의 이온질화처리에 따른 표면특성과 고온산화거동에 관한 연구

허인창,손근수,윤재홍,조동율,박봉규,김현수,김인수 대한금속재료학회 2005 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.43 No.4

Surface properties and high temperature oxidation behavior were investigated for FC-25 Gray Cast Iron(GCI) and the ion nitrided GCI(N-GCI). The GCI was pre-cleaned to improve hardness to the optimum pre-sputtering parameters with an Ar/H₂ ratio of 1/2, working pressure of 3 torr, working temperature of 550℃ and working time of 1hour. The optimum nitriding conditions for the maximum hardness of 560575 Hv were an N₂/H₂ ratio of 3/1, working pressure of 3 torr, and working temperature of 575℃. The thickness of graphite in the GCI was increased by increasing the working temperature from 525℃ to 595℃ for the nitriding time of 6-18hrs. XRD patterns showed FeO and Fe₂O₃ peaks for both the oxidized N-GCI and GCI at temperatures of 600℃ and 800℃ under atmospheric environment for both 24 and 60hours. At 800℃, above the Fe4N decomposition temperature of 680℃, the oxidation rate of N-GCI was greater than that of the GCI. The most abundant nitride, Fe4N, was decomposed and the nitrogen gas given off by the decomposition made the protective film porous by degassing through the film. But at 600℃, below the decomposition temperature, the degree of oxidation of N-GCI was lower than that of the GCI because the nitride film worked as protective barrier for oxidation. (Received October 29, 2004)

한국 정신장애의 역학 조사 연구[I] : 각 정신장애의 유병률

조맹제,함봉진,김장규,박강규,정은기,서동우,김선욱,조성진,이준영,홍진표,최용성,박종익,이동우,이기철,배재남,신정호,정인원,박종한,배안,이충경 大韓神經精神醫學會 2004 신경정신의학 Vol.43 No.4

Objectives : This study aims to estimate the prevalence of the DSM-IV psychiatric disorders in Korean population using the Korean version of Composite International Diagnostic Interview (K-CIDI). Methods : Subjects were selected by taking multi-stage, cluster samples of 7,867 adult household residents, 18 to 64 years of age, in ten catchment areas. Total 78 trained interviewers administered the K-CIDI to the selected respondents, from June 1 to November30,2001. Results : Total 6,275 respondents completed the interview. Some 33.5% of respondents reported at least one lifetime disorder, 20.6% reported at least one-year disorder, and 16.7% reported at least one-month disorder. The most common lifetime disorders were alcohol abuse/dependence (17.24%), nicotine dependence/withdrawal (11.19%), specific phobia (5.16%), and major de-pressive disorder (4.25%). The lifetime prevalence of substance abuse/dependence (0.25%) and schizophrenia (0.16%) was very low. Nicotine and alcohol use disorder showed very high male/female ratio. Mood disorder and anxiety disorder were more prevalent among female than male. Conclusion : The prevalence of psychiatric disorders was high. In comparison with other studies, remarkable differences in distributions of psychiatric disorders across the areas and times were observed.

Portable multi-parameter electrical impedance tomography for sleep apnea and hypoventilation monitoring: feasibility study

Lee, Min Hyoung,Jang, Geuk Young,Kim, Young Eun,Yoo, Pil Joong,Wi, Hun,Oh, Tong In,Woo, Eung Je IOP 2018 Physiological measurement Vol.39 No.12

<P> <I>Objective</I>: Quantitative ventilation monitoring and respiratory event detection are needed for the diagnosis of sleep apnea and hypoventilation. We developed a portable device with a chest belt, nasal cannula and finger sensor to continuously acquire multi-channel signals including tidal volume, nasal pressure, respiratory effort, body position, snoring sound, ECG and SpO<SUB>2</SUB>. The unique feature of the device is the continuous tidal volume signal obtained from real-time lung ventilation images produced by the electrical impedance tomography (EIT) technique. <I>Approach</I>: The chest belt includes 16 electrodes for real-time time-difference EIT imaging and ECG data acquisitions. It also includes a microphone, accelerometer, gyroscope, magnetometer and pressure sensor to acquire, respectively, snoring sound, respiratory effort, body position and nasal pressure signals. A separate finger sensor is used to measure SpO<SUB>2</SUB>. The minute ventilation signal is derived from the tidal volume signal and respiration rate. <I>Main results</I>: The experimental results from a conductivity phantom, four swine subjects and one human volunteer show that the developed multi-parameter EIT device could supplement existing polysomnography (PSG) and home sleep test (HST) devices to improve the accuracy of sleep apnea diagnosis. The portable device could be also used as a new tool for continuous hypoventilation monitoring of non-intubated patients with respiratory depression. <I>Significance</I>: Following the feasibility study in this paper, future validation studies in comparison with in-lab PSG, HST and end-tidal CO<SUB>2</SUB> devices are suggested to find its clinical efficacy as a sleep apnea diagnosis and hypoventilation monitoring tool.</P>

상추(Lactuca sativa L.)의 ACAT 억제 Diterpenoid, Phytol : 식용 식물자원으로부터 활성물질의 탐색 Development of Biologically Active Compound from Edible Plant Sources

장태오,방면호,송명종,홍윤희,김지영,정대균,배동근,권병목,김영국,이현선,김인호,백남인 한국농화학회 2003 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.46 No.1

1980年代 學生運動의 變化와 指導方案

羅東晋,金鉉俊,權仁鐸 全北大學校 學生生活硏究所 1988 學生生活硏究 Vol.16 No.-

호흡유도(呼吸誘導)에 따른 전두부(前頭部) 뇌파(腦波)에 관한 연구(硏究)

김혜경 ( Hye-kyung Kim ),신상훈 ( Sang-hoon Shin ),남동현 ( Tong-hyun Nam ),박영재 ( Yong-jae Park ),홍인기 ( In-ki Hong ),이동훈 ( Dong-hoon Lee ),이상철 ( Sang-chul Lee ),박영배 ( Young-bae Park ) 대한한의진단학회 2006 大韓韓醫診斷學會誌 Vol.10 No.1

Background: In practicing qigong, people must achieve three points : adjust their posture, control their breathing, and have a peace of mind. That is, Cho-Sin [調身], Cho-Sik [調息], Cho-Sim [調心]. Slow respiration is the important pattern of respiration to improve the human health. However, unsuitable breathing training have been occurred to mental disorder such as insomnia, anorexia etc. So, we think that the breathing training to consider the individual variations are desired. Objectives: We performed this study to examine the physiological effects of controlled respiration on the normal range of frequency domain electroencephalogram(EEG) in healthy subjects. Also, to study examine individual variations according to the physiological effects between controlled respiration and Han-Yeol [寒熱], respiration period, gender and age-related groups on the EEG in healthy subjects. Methods: When the subjects controlled the time of breathing (inspiration and expiration time) consciously, compared with natural respiration, and that their physiological phenomena are measured by EEG. In this research we used breathing time as in a qigong training (The Six-Word Excise) and observed physiological phenomena of the controlled natural respiration period with the ratio of seven to three(longer inspiration) and three to seven(longer expiration). We determined, heat-cold score by Han-Yeol [寒熱] questionnaire, average of natural respiration period, according to decade, EEG of 140 healthy subjects (14 to 68 years old; 38 males, 102 females) by means of alpha, beta spectral relative power. Results: 1) In Controlled respiration compared with the natural respiration, a I (Fp2) and β I (Fp1, Fp2, F3, F4) decreased on the EEG. 2) In controlled respiration compared with the natural respiration, β I (Fp1, Fp2, F3, F4) increased with cold group, a/β (F3) decreased with heat group, a I (Fp2)increased with cold group in longer inspiration. But by means of compound effects, a Ⅱ (F3) increased with cold group in longer inspiration, the other side a I (F3) decreased with heat group in controlled respiration on the EEG. 3) In controlled respiration compared with the natural respiration, a I (Fp2) decreased with decreased-respiratory-rate(D.R.R.) group, β I (Fp1, Fp2, F3, F4) increased with LR.R. and D.R.R. groups, a/β (F3) decreased with D.R.R. group. But by means of compound effects, in controlled respiration compared with the natural respiration, a/β (F3) decreased with D.R.R. group on the EEG. 4) In controlled respiration compared with the natural respiration, β I (Fp1, F3, F4) increased with female group, β I (Fp2) increased with male and female groups, a I β (F3) decreased with male group. But by means of compound effects, in controlled respiration compared with the natural respiration, a I (Fp2) increased with female group on the EEG. 5) Compared with the natural respiration, in longer expiration a I (Fp2) increased in their forties group, in longer inspiration a I (Fp2) increased in their fifties group. But by means of compound effects, in controlled respiration compared with the natural respiration, β I (Fp1) decreased in teens group on the EEG. Conclusions : This study has declined natural respiration of individuals and discovered that there were significant individual variations by means of the physiological effects between controlled respiration and Han-Yeol [寒熱], respiration period, gender and age-related groups on the EEG.