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唐大折衝府에 關한 硏究 : 그 性格과 機能을 中心으로 Especially on its Character and Functon
金善昱 忠南大學校 1971 論文集 Vol.10 No.-
The militia(Fu-Ping) system added by the Western Wei(535-557) and the Nortern Chou(557-581), in which able-bodied peasants were given military training and organized into regular forces like the tribal soldiery. Under the T'ang this militia service was later integrated with the "equal field" system by being made part of the tax burden that peasants bore as landlords. The key system of the militia system(Fu-Ping) was julchoongboo, which had provided a cheap, loyal army that was eager to defend its native soil. T'ang empire could conquer the barbarian elements in part through the tremendous expansion of the militia power. But the collapse of the original tax structure naturally involved the decline of Corve'e labor and the militia system, which had both been part of it. Military burden had fallen with disapprobationate weight on the peasant of north China, because both the capital and the frontiers that needed defense were in this region. Richer taxpayer commonly escaped service by hiring substitutes. The poorer peasants, on whom the main burden fell, were least able to support themselves during their terms of military service and were the most prone to desert, since they had least to defend. During the first half of the eighth century, the whole Corve'e and militia systems degenerated rapidly. Bit by bit, professional military men also gradually replaced the militia in certain important units. By 723, some 120,000 mercenaries had taken the place of the militia in the capital guards, and professionals had also begun to replace the militia in the frontier armies. Although both the Corve'e and militia systems were to continue in use in various forms until contemporary times, never again did the government rest so heavily on them as before the eighth century.
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광야에서 유랑하는 위기의 갈라디아 교회 ― 갈라디아 교회의 서사 위치로서의 광야 ―
김선욱 (재)대한성서공회 성경원문연구소 2019 성경원문연구 Vol.0 No.45
The word “wilderness” never appears in Galatians. In Galatians, however, images and themes from exodus emerge in several places, and some of them contain the implications of the wilderness. Paul makes an analogy between the Israelites in exodus and the churches in Galatia. As the Israelites who escaped from Egypt complained in the wilderness and attempted to return to Egypt albeit becoming slaves, the Galatians were likewise in that they heard the gospel preached by Paul and had faith but then followed the instructions of false teachers and degraded to becoming slaves of the law. Paul looks upon the serious crisis of the Galatians by recalling the Israelites who rebelled in the wilderness. In Paul’s mind, the churches in Galatia are straying like the people of Israel who wandered in the wilderness as they try to follow a different gospel. The narrative location of Galatians therefore is the wilderness. In this paper, I discover the images and themes of exodus that reflect the wilderness in Galatians, and explore the state of crisis the churches of Galatia were in by comparing it with Israel’s wanderings in the wilderness. In doing so, I present the theological meanings of the wilderness in Galatians. First, I examine the characteristics of wilderness through the generations. The wilderness has both positive and negative characteristics, namely as a place of test and hope. In the Qumran Literature and the Gospels, the wilderness serves not just as a background but also as the subject of fulfillment in the eschatological and typological dimensions. Paul however presents the wilderness as a place of warning and lesson in connection with wilderness wanderings of the Israelites. The churches of Galatia show the apostasy of abandoning the gospel preached by Paul by following a different gospel, just as the people of Israel apostatized by serving the golden calf in the wilderness. The Israelites who complained about having no food or water in the wilderness tried to go back to Egypt, which meant that they would become slaves of Egypt. Likewise, the churches of Galatia are discarding Paul’s teachings and following the false teachers’ instructions, which implies that they will become slaves of the law. However, as the Israelites desired for the promised land flowing with milk and honey, the churches of Galatia should long for the inheritance of the kingdom of God. In addition, as in the parable of Hagar and Sarah, the churches of Galatia which belong to “Mount Sinai in Arabia” and “the present Jerusalem” should not remain in the wilderness but receive the inheritance of the kingdom of God by belonging to “the Jerusalem above”. In other words, the Galatians must leave the wilderness and enter the promised land. To the churches of Galatia that are narratively located in the wilderness, Paul warns that they must not go back to being slaves of the law by following the teachings of false teachers. At the same time, he urges that they should go ahead with the hope of the promised inheritance according to the gospel of liberty.
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성경의 연극화 : 티르소 데 몰리나의 『타마르의 복수』
김선욱 한국바로크학회 2022 바로크연구 Vol.5 No.-
티르소 데 몰리나는 연극적인 상상력으로 『성경』의 「사무엘기 하」 13장을 바탕으로 성경에 나타나지 않는 여러 이야기를 삽입하여 구조적으로 잘 짜인 희곡 작품 『타마르의 복수』를 독창적으로 창조하였다. 특히 주목할 것은 작가가 종교성 짙은 성서의 에피소드를 일반 대중 관객들이 좋아할 만한 연극적 장치를 통하여 세속적인 연극으로 만들었다는 점이다. 이에 본 논문은 티르소 데 몰리나가 간단한 성경의 내용을 긴장과 이완의 극적인 사건이 가득한 연극으로 재창조된 양상을 살펴보고자 한다. 그리하여 『타마르의 복수』가 어떠한 독창적인 연극 장치들을 통하여 「사무엘기 하」 13장을 연극화하였는지, 그리고 『타마르의 복수』에 어떻게 성스러운 요소와 세속적인 요소가 혼합되어 있는지를 살펴본다.
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唐代 蕃鎭에 關한 考察 : 鎭을 中心으로 Especially on Chin
金善昱 忠南大學校 1972 論文集 Vol.11 No.-
As the militia (Fu-Ping) system of early T'ang collapsed after Hsu¨anTsung's rein. the domintion of the fontier regional commandaries was brought about. The essense of These regional commanderies is Chin. Chin consisted of officers and soldiers and as its officers there wee regional commander, Vice-commander Pubyungmasa Abeo Tohohu and Sibjang. On account of the collapse of the militia (Fu-Ping) system, the constituents of Chin were professional soldiers and militias. It can be said the difference between Proffessional soldier and militia is that the one is the government forces and the other the militiaman The leadership of the regional commanders played a very important role in military affairs, It was reduced to some extent by HunTsung's reformation, but the reformation was not successful Provincial military leaders posted regional commanders and soldiers and soldiers in strategic places, so that the expansion of their power came to be possible by force of arms. Thus provincial military leaders took advantage of regional commanders for the strengthening of their power.
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