임상검체에서 분리된 Acinetobacter의 항균제 내성(1991-1997)

송호연,조성란,김휘준,고광균 대한화학요법학회 1998 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.16 No.2

목적 : 최근 원내감염의 중요 원인균으로 대두되고 있는 A. baumannii의 발생 양상 및 병동 별 항균제 내성의 변화 추이를 조사하여 치료시 적절한 항균제를 선택하는데 도움이 되는 자료를 제공하고자 하였다. 방법 : 1991년 1월부터 1997년 12월까지 7년간 한 대학병원의 입원환자로부터 분리 동정된 Acinetobacter의 균종별, 계절별, 임상검체별 분리양상을 조사하고 디스코 확산법에 의한 항균제 내성의 변화 추이 및 중환자실과 일반 병실에서의 항균제 내성 차이를 분석하였다. 결과 : 분리 동정된 Acinetobacter 4,128균주 중 91.5%가 A. baumannii로 연도에 따라 발생율이 증가하는 양상을 보였고 여름철이 호흡기계 검체로부터 가장 많이 분리되었다. A. baumannii로 imipenem과 ciprofloxacin을 제외한 대부분의 항균제에 높은 내성을 나타내었고 많은 항균제에서 내성율이 연도에 따라 점차 증가하였다. 3,777균주의 A. baumannii 중 45.2%가 중환자실 및 신생아실에서 분리되었는데 이는 중환자실 입원 환자수가 일반병동보다 훨씬 적은 것을 고려할 때 매우 높은 발병율임을 알 수 있었다. 또한 중환자실에서 분리된 균주의 다제내성율은 일반병동에서 분리된 균주보다 훨씬 높았다. 결론 : 중환자실에는 일반병동에 비해 다제내성율이 훨씬 높아 감염에 대한 저항력이 저하된 중증환자들의 생명을 끊임없이 위협하고 있는데 이런 다제내성균의 출현 및 원내감염을 줄이기 우한 중환자실만의 집중적인 대책이 수립되어야 할 것으로 사료된다. Background : Acinetobacter baumannii is recognized as an important causative agent of nosocomial infection. Therefore, it is important to understand the changing patterns of antimicrobial resistance to guide for antimicrobial therapy of infection by A. baumannii. So we compared the rate of miltidrug-resistance between ICU and general wards and we analyzed the trends of antimicrobial resistan changes during the past seven years. Methods : Acinetobacter isolated from 1991 to 1997 at a tertiary hospital were classified according to species, wards, seasons and clinical specimens. We tested the antimicrobial resistance by the standard disk diffusion method and compared the multidrug-resistant patterns of A. baumannii isolated from ICU with those from general wards. Results : Among the 4,128 Acinetobacter isolates, A. baymannii was the most common species(91.5%), followed by A. Iwoff??(8.5%), Acinetobacter species were isolated mainly from respiratory specimens during the summer. A. baumannii showed high resistance rates to most of antibiotics except imipenem and ciprofloxacin and resistance rates were increasing year after year. Forty-five percent of A. baumannii was isolated from ICU and neonate room, it showed higher multidrug-resistance rate than those generated from general wards. Conclusion : Multidrug-resistant. A. baumannii was predominant in ICU than general wards. It will contribute to increase of mortality due to nosocomial infection in severly ill patients. In order to reduce occuranc of multidrug-resistant isolates and noscomial infection in ICU, it is necessary to organize the intensive surveillance system in ICU.

흰쥐에서 음경발기 평가의 척도로서 음경해면체내압측정술 확립

송윤섭,김용준,이광우,김준모,문기혁,박영호,민영기,유형균,김형건 순천향의학연구소 2001 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.7 No.1

Purpose: Because studies about the control of penile erection at the entral nervous system was dependent on the animal experiments, establishment of measuring penile erection is important to evaluate the effects changes at the central nervous system on the penile erection. Intracavernous pressure measurement in rats has been introduced as a suitable index for the evaluation of penile erection but this method is invasive and technically difficult. So, we established the intracavernous pressure measurement in rats as the experimental index for penile erection. Materials and Methods: 42 male adult Sprague-Dawley rats (250-300gm) were divided to saline or papaverine treated group. Rats were placed on a heating table to maintain their body temparature and anesthetized with 50mg/kg of pentobarbital sodium by intraperitoneal injection. A cannula was inserted to the left carotid artery to measure systemic blood pressure. Saline (0.05, 0.1ml), papaverine(0.05, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0mg) were injected intracavernously via 26 guage needle filled with saline or papaverine which connected to pressure transducer and polygraph was inserted into the corpus cavernosum on one side to inject the drug and to measure intracavernous presure. Results: Properly executed insertion and intracavernous administration produced a instantaneous but transient rise in intracavernous pressure that substantially stabilized and maintained at 5.4±0.4mmHg. Intracavernous pressure and duration of penile blood flow following intracavernous injection of papaverine are increased comared to those of saline. Conclusions: Monitoring intracavernous pressure in rats represents a suitable index for the evaluation of penile erection in small laboratory animals.

Fluoroquinolone계 항균제의 penicillin 내성 폐렴구균(Streptococcus pneumoniae)에 대한 항균력 비교

이광준,배송미,황규잠,이영희,김기상 대한화학요법학회 2002 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.20 No.3

목적 : 최근들어 penicillin 내성 폐렴구균의 급속한 증가와 전세계로의 확산은 심각한 문제를 야기하고 있다. 1990년대 들어 그람음성 세균뿐 아니라 그람 양성 세균에 대한 항균력이 향상된 많은 fluoroquinolones계 항균제의 개발에 힘입어 폐렴구균성 감염질환 치료시 사용이 증대되고 있으며 한편, 이와 더불어 이미 fluoroquinolone계 항균제에 대한 내성을 보이는 폐렴구균에 대한 보고가 증가하고 있는 실정이다. 이에 본 실험에서는 국내 임상 분리 폐렴구균 중 penicillin에 고도내성을 보이는 균주를 대상으로 하여 fluoroquinolones계 항균제에 대한 감수성 여부를 확인하고자 하였다. 방법 : 항균제 감수성 검사는 3% 말혈액이 첨가된 Mueller-Hinton broth를 사용한 액체배지 미량희석법을 이용하여 NCCLS에서 제시한 방법에 준하여 실시하였다. 결과 : MIC_90를 기준으로 하였을 때 본 실험에서 사용한 5가지의 fluoroquinolones계 한균제 중 gatifloxacin과 moxifloxacin(MIC_90, 0.5㎍/㎖)이 ciprofloxacin (MIC_90, 4㎍/㎖), levofloxacin (mic_90, 2㎍/㎖) sparfloxacin (MIC_90, 1㎍/㎖)에 비해 penicillin 내성 폐렴구균에 대한 항균력이 높게 나타났다. 결론 : 5가지의 fluoroquinolones계 항생제 중 최근들어 새로이 개발된 항생제인 moxifloxacin과 gatifloxacin이 ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, sparfloxacin보다 폐렴구균에 대한 더 우수한 항균력을 가지고 있음을 확인하였다. 한편, 국내 페니실링 고도 내성 폐렴구균에서 fluoroquinolones에 대한 고도 내성을 보이는 균주의 출현은 fluoroquinolones 내성 균주의 급속한 증가와 확산에 대한 지속적인 감시와 대책 마련이 요구된다. Background : Recently the rapid increase and global spread of penicillin-resistant S. pneumoniae has become a serious problem. In the 1990s, a varisty of novel fluoroquinolones with enhanced activity against gram-positive bacteria have been developed and used for the treatment of pneumococcal infections. In such situations, the fluoroquinolone-resistance in S. pneumonaie has been reported from many countries. In this study, we compared the activity of ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, sparfloxacin, gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin against 93 isolates of S. pneumoniae which were highly- resistant to penicillin (MIC 2~8㎍/㎖). methods : Antimicrobial susceptibilities were determined by the broth microdilution method in cation-adjusted Muller-Hinton broth supplemented with 3% lysed horse blood according to the guidelines of the National Committee for Laboratory Standards (NCCLS). Results : Based on MIC_90s, sparfloxacin and moxifloxacin were the most potent fluoroquinolone tested against penicillin-resistant S. pneumoniae and retained excellent activity comparable with ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin. The rank order of bactericidal activity was ciprofloxacin (least active)《 levofloxacin 〈 sparfloxacin 〈 gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin (most active). Conclusion : In this study, the newer fluoroquinolones (moxifloxacin, sparfloxacin)showed improved activity over that observed with ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, and sparfloxacin. The emergence of highly resistance to fluoroquinolones among penicillin-resistant pneumococci in Korea call for continuous attention and strategies to prevent rapid increase and spread of these strains.

질소-산소계 시프염기 리간드의 합성과 전이금속(Ⅱ) 착물의 안정도상수결정

김선덕,송찬익,김준광,김정성 한국환경과학회 2004 한국환경과학회지 Vol.13 No.9

N,N-bis(2-salicylaldehyde)dipropylenetriamine(5-Hsaldipn), N,N-bis(5-bromosalicyl-aldehyde) dipropylenetriamine (5-Brsaldipn), N,N-bis(5-chlorosalicylaldehyde)dipropylene-triamine(5-Clsaldipn), N,N-bis(2-hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde)dipropylenetriamine(5-OCH₃saldipn) and N,N-bis (2-hydroxy-5-nitrobenzaldehyde)dipropylenetriamine (5-NO₂saldipn) were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, infrared spectrometry, NMR spectrometry and mass spectrometry. Their proton dissociation constants were determined in 70% dioxane/30% water solution by potentiometric. Stability constants of the complexes between these ligands and the metal ions such as Cu(Ⅱ), Ni(Ⅱ) and Zn(Ⅱ) were measured in dimethyl sulfoxide by a polarographic method. Stability constants for the ligands were in the order of 5-OCH₃> 5-H > 5-Br > 5-Cl > 5-NO₂saldipn. Enthalpy and entropy changes were obtained in negative values.

방전관용 전극개발 및 특성에 관한 연구

안성환,황동원,최준영,송시준,전용우,박원주,이광식 영남대학교 공업기술연구소 2001 工業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.29 No.1

This paper describes the development of sputtered tungsten electrode for discharge tube by making use of Sputtering method using plasma. The Xe discharge tube was designed and fabricated by using sputtered tungsten electrode, and the ICCD(Intensified Charged Coupled Device) and monochromator were used in order to observe the discharge image distribution and to measure the signal intensity. As a result, the emission light form the electrode was spreaded almost uniformly over a wide wavelength band, and the discharge image distribution and the signal intensity show quite a uniform distribution. The emission light from the Xe discharge tube was peaked at 488[nm] and 648[nm].

불명열 환자에서 진단된 중증 만성 활동성 Epstein-Barr virus 감염증

전경만,김응호,손준성,장현하,정숙인,오원섭,백경란,송재훈,고광철,정철원,고영혜 대한감염학회 2003 감염과 화학요법 Vol.35 No.4

최근 장기적이고 심각한 임상 증상을 유발하는 만성 활동성 EBV 감염증의 개념이 정립되면서 그 증례들이 보고되고 있다. 만성 활동성 EBV 감염증은 소아나 젊은 성인들에게서 주로 발생되며, EBV-VCA IgG, EBV-EA IgG의 수치가 높게 관찰되고, 지속적인 발열, 전신쇠약감, 광범위한 임파선비대증, 간비장비대, 범혈구감소증, 다크론성감마병증을 나타낸다. 이 질환은 환자의 임상소견, 혈액학적 소견, EBV 항체 역가 및 침범 장기의 EBV genome 검출로 확진 되며 치료로 항 바이러스 체제, 항암 치료, 골수이식술 등이 시도되고 있으나 아직 검증되어 있지 않다. 저자들은 불명열을 주소로 내원하여 중증 만성 활동성 EBV 감염증으로 진단된 증례 4례를 경험하였다. 한 례에서는 항 바이러스 제제를 추여 후 임상적, 혈액학적 호전을 보였으나 치료 20일째 발생한 세균성 복막염과 패혈증으로 사망하였고, 두 례에서 총 6회의 CHOP 항암치료와 자가조혈모세포이식을 시행 받은 후 현재까지 증상 없이 추적관찰 중이다. 지속되는 발열을 주소로 내원한 불명열 환자들에게서 EBV에 대한 검사를 시행할 경우 불명열의 원인을 규명하는데 하나의 단서를 제공할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is one of eight human herpesvirus. Primary infection with EBV in childhood is generally asymptomatic or mild, however, often causes overt diseases such as infectious mononucleosis (IM) and lymphoproliferative disorder (LPD), the latter occursing in immunologically compromised individuals. Historically, EBV has been considered to be etiologically linked to human malignancies such as EBV genome positive Burkitt's lymphoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Recently, however, another category of EBV-related disease, "chronic active EBV infection", has been made to describe persons without a clearly defined underlying disease. We report 4 cases of patients, presented with episodic fever of unknown origin (FUO), who were diagnosed as severe chronic active EBV infection. A combined application of serology for EBV and in-situ hybridization established the diagnosis of the EBV infection.

독성물질의 세포사 기전 및 세포사 유발물질의 검색법 개발에 관한 연구(Ⅰ) : 독성물질로 인한 파킨슨병 모델에서의 세포사 기전 연구 Study on the cell-death mechanisms of toxin-induced parkinsonism

강태석,김종민,서경원,김영옥,김준규,오재호,이윤동,김규봉,오정자,송연정,임종준,전범석,문전옥,최광식 식품의약품안전청 2000 식품의약품안전청 연보 Vol.4 No.-

MPTP 독성물질이 도파민성 신경세포에 선택적으로 작용하여 산화성 손상에 의한 신경세포사를 일으키는 것을 이용하여 파킨슨병의 동물모델을 만들고, 이를 통해서 아폼토시스를 비롯한 포사의 기전에 대한 연구 및 너코틴의 신경세포 보호효과 여부를 판정하는 실험을 병행하고자 하였다. 파킨슨꾐의 동물모델을 MPTf 독성 물질을 이용하여 확립하였으며, MPTP(30mgag, i.p.)를 투여한 후 1, 2,3, 4, 5일째 흑질 조직을 채춰하여 tarm로 박걸하여 tyrosine hydroxylase 면역조직화학염색을 수행하여 cell countif우한 결과, control은 57.635ce11s, 1일째 친.OfDells,2일째 57.9±6cells,3일릴 없.3±죠ells, 4일째 49.0츠3cells, 5일째 39.4±Scells료 4, 3일째 뚜렷한 신경세포 수의 감소를 보였다. 신경세포사 기전 규명을 위한 아폼토시스 분걱에서는 벼PTP 투여 후 1, 2, 3, 4, 5일째 조직을 채취하여 Hoechst staining, TUNEL staining을 수곡하였는데 양성 반응을 보인 신경세포는 관찰되지 않아. 아폼토시스로 인한 세포사가 관찰되지 않았다. bIPTP 파킨슨병 동물모델에서 nicotine 보호효과 탐색에 관한 실험은 nicat푸e 0.2mgAg을 5일 퐁안 투여 후 리『fP(30mgag)를 CS7Bt/6 마은스에 복강 내주사로 nicotine과 병용 투여한 후 1, 2, 3, 4, 5일째 뇌를 적출하땄다. 신경세포사가 뚜렷이 관찰되기 시작하는 4, 5일째의 신경세포 수의 감소 정도를 20. 30% 정도 약화시키는 경향을 보였으나, nicotine 보호효과에 대한 추가 실헝이 현재 수행 중에 있다. The cause of Parkinson's disease (PD) is largely unknown. However, free radical toxicit? may plaf a role ip. the degeneration of substantia nigra, which is the Hajorfocus of pathological damages in PD. Recently, a neuroprotective effect of nicotine in PD has been suggested. Therefore, the mechanism of neurodegenerafion and protective potential o( nicotine in PD were investigated in the experimental modeB of Pll using a neurotoxin, C57BL/6mice were administered with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP, 30 mg/kg,j.p.). The degree of neurodegenerafion was determined by immunohistochemical stainiHB oftyrosine hydroxylase (TH). TH-positive cells on nigral sections were found 56.0 ±4, 57.9 ±6,52.315ce11s, 49.0±3cells, and 39,4±Scells at days 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, respectively (controls : 57.6±Scells). Hoechst and TUNEL staining showed no evidence of apoptosis. The exandnation on themice co-adrunistered with nicotine(0.2mgAg) and MPTP(30mgag) revealed a tendency ofnicotine protective effects. At days 4 and 5, the degree of TH-positive cells was decreased by20-30%, In corclusiffn, the role of apoptosis was not evidenced in this MPTP modeB of PB.The possible proteccon by nicotine should be elucidated with further studies.

Anti-inflammatory activity of AP-SF, a ginsenoside-enriched fraction, from Korean ginseng

Kwang-Soo Baek,Yong Deog Hong,Yong Kim,Nak Yoon Sung,Sungjae Yang,Kyoung Min Lee,Joo Yong Park,Jun Seong Park,Ho Sik Rho,Song Seok Shin,조재열 고려인삼학회 2015 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.39 No.2

Background: Korean ginseng is an ethnopharmacologically valuable herbal plant with various biologicalproperties including anticancer, antiatherosclerosis, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory activities. Sincethere is currently no drug or therapeutic remedy derived from Korean ginseng, we developed a ginsenoside-enriched fraction (AP-SF) for prevention of various inflammatory symptoms. Methods: The anti-inflammatory efficacy of AP-SF was tested under in vitro inflammatory conditionsincluding nitric oxide (NO) production and inflammatory gene expression. The molecular events of inflammatoryresponses were explored by immunoblot analysis. Results: AP-SF led to a significant suppression of NO production compared with a conventional Koreanginseng saponin fraction, induced by both lipopolysaccharide and zymosan A. Interestingly, AP-SFstrongly downregulated the mRNA levels of genes for inducible NO synthase, tumor necrosis factor-a,and cyclooxygenase) without affecting cell viability. In agreement with these observations, AP-SF blockedthe nuclear translocation of c-Jun at 2 h and also reduced phosphorylation of p38, c-Jun N-terminalkinase, and TAK-1, all of which are important for c-Jun translocation. Conclusion: Our results suggest that AP-SF inhibits activation of c-Jun-dependent inflammatory events. Thus, AP-SF may be useful as a novel anti-inflammatory remedy.

Anti-inflammatory activity of AP-SF, a ginsenoside-enriched fraction, from Korean ginseng

Baek, Kwang-Soo,Hong, Yong Deog,Kim, Yong,Sung, Nak Yoon,Yang, Sungjae,Lee, Kyoung Min,Park, Joo Yong,Park, Jun Seong,Rho, Ho Sik,Shin, Song Seok,Cho, Jae Youl The Korean Society of Ginseng 2015 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.39 No.2

Background: Korean ginseng is an ethnopharmacologically valuable herbal plant with various biological properties including anticancer, antiatherosclerosis, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory activities. Since there is currently no drug or therapeutic remedy derived from Korean ginseng, we developed a ginsenoside-enriched fraction (AP-SF) for prevention of various inflammatory symptoms. Methods: The anti-inflammatory efficacy of AP-SF was tested under in vitro inflammatory conditions including nitric oxide (NO) production and inflammatory gene expression. The molecular events of inflammatory responses were explored by immunoblot analysis. Results: AP-SF led to a significant suppression of NO production compared with a conventional Korean ginseng saponin fraction, induced by both lipopolysaccharide and zymosan A. Interestingly, AP-SF strongly downregulated the mRNA levels of genes for inducible NO synthase, tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$, and cyclooxygenase) without affecting cell viability. In agreement with these observations, AP-SF blocked the nuclear translocation of c-Jun at 2 h and also reduced phosphorylation of p38, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and TAK-1, all of which are important for c-Jun translocation. Conclusion: Our results suggest that AP-SF inhibits activation of c-Jun-dependent inflammatory events. Thus, AP-SF may be useful as a novel anti-inflammatory remedy.

A randomized study of cisplatin and 5-FU hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy with or without adriamycin for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.

Song, Myeong Jun,Bae, Si Hyun,Chun, Ho Jong,Choi, Jong Young,Yoon, Seung Kew,Park, Jun Young,Han, Kwang Hyub,Kim, Young Seok,Yim, Hyung Joon,Um, Soon Ho,Chung, Woo Jin,Hwang, Jae Seok,Cho, Sung-Bum,Eu Springer 2015 Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology Vol.75 No.4

<P>This multicenter, randomized, open-labeled, clinical trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of cisplatin/5-fluorouracil (5-FU) hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (CF-HAIC) versus adriamycin adding to CF-HAIC (ACF-HAIC) in advanced HCC patients.</P>