봉독약침이 류마티스 관절염 환자의 관절 통증, 종창 및 급성 염증 반응에 미치는 영향

이상훈,이현종,백용현,김수영,박재경,홍승재,양형인,김건식,이재동,최도영,이두익,이윤호 WHO COLLABORATING CENTRE FOR TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2003 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2003 No.-

Objective In order to study the effects of bee venom(BV) on the pain, edema, and acute inflammatory reactant of rheumatoid arthritis(RA) patients. Methods Patients with RA who met the ACR(American College of Rheumatology) 1987 revised criteria for the diagnosis of RA were treated with the BV therapy twice a week for 3 months. Tender Joint counts, swollen joint counts, Visual analog scale(VAS), morning stiffness, ESR. C-reactive protein(CRP) were analyzed before and after BV therapy. Results The results as follows. 1. Tender joint counts in patients after BV therapy were significantly lower than those before BV therapy(9.0±7.9 vs 15± 11.4, p=0.002). 2. Swollen joint counts of the patients after BV therapy were significantly lower than those before BV therapy(50±61 vs 15±23, p=0.001). 3. VAS in patients after BV therapy was significantly lower than those before BV therapy(608± 17.6 vs 380± 159, p=0.000). 4. Duration of morning stiffness in patients after BV therapy was significantly reduced compared with that before BV therapy(119.1± 112.6 min vs 59.0±89.7 min, p=0.009). 5. ESR and CRP were not significantly changed before and after BV therapy, suggesting BV itself could make inflammatory reaction as well as therapeutic effect. Conclusions BV therapy improved tender joint counts, swollen joint counts and duration of morning stiffness in this study, and further study is needed on long-term effect of BV therapy.

난소 임신 10예의 분석

김용진,이충일,이해혁,남계현,이임순,이권해 순천향의학연구소 1996 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.2 No.2

Ovarian pregnancy is an uncommon form of the ectopic pregnancies. The ovarian vascularity results in maternal hemorrhage early in the first trimester, which disrupts the pregnancy and usually ruptures the ovary with sufficient hemoperitoneum to require emergency operation. This report presents 10 cases of ovarian pregnancy by retrospective review between January 1986 and December 1995 at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soonchunhyang University Hospital. There was 19,849 deliveries and 637 ectopic pregnancies during same period. It showed that the incidence of ovarian pregnancy was 3.21 % of all ectopic pregnancies. The clinical features of ovarian pregnancy revealed that abdominal pain was the major symptom, and history of amenorrhea was obscure. Because of life-threatening course, the early diagnosis and treatment of ovarian pregnancy is important. The clinical diagnosis of ovarian pregnancy was more difficult than that of tubal pregnancy.

SD Rats를 이용 1-hexene의 흡입독성 연구

김현영,임철홍,정용현,이권섭,이성배,이준연,한정희,전윤석,이용묵 한국환경독성학회 2001 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.16 No.4

The purpose of this study was to investigate the acute (4 hours) and repeated-dose (6 hours a day, 5 days a week, 4 weeks) toxic effects of I -hexene on Sprague- Dawley (SD) rats which were treated by inhalation. The results were as follows; I. The median lethal concentration (LC_(50)) was estimated 52,694 ppm (confidence limit 95%; 49,494~55,447 ppm) in acute inhalation. Abnormal clinical signs related to the l-Hexene were not observed with the acute inhalation dose. Gross findings of necropsy revealed on evidence of specific toxicity related to the 1-hexene, II. By repeated inhalation exposure the body weight of male were more or less reduced by the dose of 2,500 ppm and 5,000 ppm compared with control group. However there were no significant variation hematology and blood biochemistry for the exposed rats compared with the control rats. Abnormal clinical signs and gross findings of necropsy related to the 1-hexene were not shown. In conclusion when we exposed I-hexene to SD rats for 4 weeks, 5 days per week, 6 hours per day, the Lowest observed effect level (LOEL) was over 2,500 ppm and Non observed effect level (NOEL) was below 500 ppm.

크롬(Ⅵ)의 체내 흡수와 소실속도에 관한 연구

김현영,이성배,임철홍,이권섭,정용현,이종성,한정희,전윤석,황호순,이용묵 한국산업위생학회 2003 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.13 No.1

The CrO3 mostly used in plating. metal surface disposal, leather, cosmetic manufacturing, as an experiment material by repeatedly inhaling and exposure the male S.D. rats at a 0.00, 0.2., 0.50, 1.25 mg/㎡ concentration(particle size: 0.5-0.5 aerosol)6hours a day, 5day a week in 13weeks comparing with 2weeks, 8weeks of recovery group about the noxiousness of the experiment animal and the reduce scale of the CrO3 in the internal organ especially in blook and respiratory organ with the period of convalescent and clearance. The experiment results which we received are as follows. 1. In blood the RBC, HGB and HCT experiment, rats with 0.20, 0.50 mg/㎡ concentration showed that there were some decreases but not dependent. The kidneys absolute weight compared with control group was reduced intentionally(p〈0.05) and the lungs absolute weight compared with control group showed intentional increase(p〉0.05). 2. After the exposure of the experiment material, the whole blook, l\blood plasma and red blood cell in blood by (x): the period of convalescent, per (y); the decreasing of Cr concentration, was y=66.51 e -0.057x, y=67.2 e-0.101x, y=70.01 e-0.030 in 0.50 mg/㎡ exposure concentration by calculating the clearance coefficient of correlation, and the half life (day)was estimated 12.0, 6086, 23.0 each. 3, After the exposure of the experiment material, the experiment animals lung, liver and kidneys by(x); the period of convalescent, per (y); the decreasing of Cr conentration, was y=1808 e-0.00493x, y=12.02e-0.0297x, y=67.61 e-0.0292x in 0.50mg/㎡ exposure concentration by calculating the clearance coefficient of correlation, and the half life(day)was estimated 140.6, 23.3, 23.7, each, and including lung, liver with all of the experiment internal organs, the Cr clearance decreased as the exposure concentration increased.

약물의 폐 전달을 위한 염화 벤제토늄 기반 리포좀의 제조 및 평가

문용현, 유소열, 안지선, 이한솔, 김혜림, 이은주, 이재영 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 2021 藥學論文集 Vol.36 No.-

Benzethonium chloride-containing egg phosphatidylcholine-based liposomes (BC/EPC-LIPOs) were developed for lung-targeted drug delivery. BC/EPC-LIPOs were fabricated via thin-film hydration method with various BC-to-EPC molar ratios of 1:4 (F1), 1:1 (F2), and 4:1 (F3). Cyanine5.5 (Cy5.5) was loaded as a fluorescent probe for the biodistribution study during the film-forming step. BC/EPC-LIPOs were evaluated by using dynamic light scattering analysis, where the mean diameter and zeta-potential values of F1, F2, and F3 were observed to be 69.5 ± 3.1 nm and 50.06 ± 1.00 mV, 59.0 ± 2.3 nm and 51.30 ± 2.98 mV, and 694.2 ± 243.3 nm and 55.01 ± 3.16 mV, respectively. To evaluate the lung distribution efficiency of the developed liposomes, F1 and F2, which possess suitable particle sizes for the intravenous administration, were injected into the tail vein of ICR mice. At 6 h post-injection, the lung, liver, kidney, heart, spleen, and brain were dissected, and the radiant efficiency (RE) values of the or- gans were measured using the near-infrared fluorescence imaging method. The lung RE value of F2 was 1.69-fold higher than that of F1, indicating a more efficient lung targetability of F2. This phenomenon can be attributed to the higher content of BC in F2 than F1. Considering the lung-targetability, as well as the biocompatible natures of BC and EPC, the developed BC/EPC-LIPOs can be used as an efficient lung-targeted drug delivery system.

사료용 교잡종 옥수수 연구 : Ⅲ. CNU와 SK계통을 이용한 교잡종 옥수수의 건물중 및 종실 수량

이희봉,김동욱,김준표,김용일,정재영,최현구,문현귀,이충열 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2003 농업과학연구 Vol.30 No.2

공시 교잡종에 대한 각 지역에서 선발된 우수 교잡종의 간장 및 착수고는 대조구와 비슷한 경향이었으며, 생체 및 건물수량은 분얼수 및 간장과 관련이 큰 것으로 나타났으나 재식 밀도와 기상상태와도 밀접한 관계로 나타났다. 따라서 생체중은 대전지역에서 재배된 교잡종 H67이 대조구인 광안옥에 비해 53.2%로 높았고, 수원에서 역시 41.8%으로 높았으며, 종실수량은 H15과 H67에서 대조구보다 11.7%와 9.7%로 각각 높게 나타났다. 대전에서 분얼성인 H42와 무얼성인 H65에서 대조구보다 9.1%, 5.2%증가하였고, 수원에서는 분얼성이 H42와 무얼성인 H65에서 대조구보다 9.1%, 8.5% 증가하여 교잡종간, 지역간에 큰 차이를 보였다. 한편 후기 녹체성은 무얼형보다 분얼형에서 낮은 경향을 보였는데 SK계통과 교배된 조합에서 우수한 편으로 나타나 우수 교잡종 육성시 중요 고려사항으로 지적되었다. In order to develop the crude forage maize hybrids with high dry matter and grain yield, several hybrids evaluated as superior hybrids at three regions in 2001. They were planted and surveyed again for the second selection in 2002. The selected hybrids showed large difference in some major characteristics according to planting areas and dates(Suwon : April 25. Daejeon : May 15 and Milyang : May 25), but insect and disease injury were similar to check. Fresh and dry weight of the H67 hybrid at Suwon and Daejeon was the highest among hybrids including check, but low in Milyang due to raining after flowering. Grain yield was higher than check in H15 at Suwon H45 and H37 at Daejeon and H67 at Milyang.

함안 성산산성 출토 목간의 성격론 : 2차 보고분을 중심으로

이용현 한국고고미술연구소 2005 고고학지 Vol.14 No.-

경상남도 함안군 가야읍 성산산성(사적 제67호)은 국립창원문화재연구소에 의해 1991년부터 1994년에 걸쳐 매년 조사발굴을 실시하였으며 또 2000년부터 현재까지 한 차례씩 기획 발굴조사를 실시해오고 있다. 이 과정에서 약 120점의 목간이 출토되었다. 이는 지금까지 출토된 한국 고대의 목간 250여점의 약 반을 점하는 것으로 단일 유적의 동일 유구에서는 가장 많은 출토 점수이다. 또 6세기에서 8세기의 연대폭을 갖는 한국의 목간 가운데, 가장 이른 시기에 속한다는 점도 주목할 만하다. 이같은 점에서 성산산성 목간은 매우 중요하다. 1998년 제1차 보고서에 의하면 수습된 목간은 모두 27점인데 이 가운데 묵서(墨書)가 확인된 것은 23점이었다. 동 연구소는 2000년부터 2002년에 걸쳐 매년 한 차례씩 3개년에 걸쳐 발굴조사를 진행하였고 또 다시 90여 점의 목간이 추가로 출토되었다. 2004년에 발간된 2차 보고서에 의하면, 새로 발견된 목간의 수는 묵서가 없는 것까지 포함하여 94점이라고 한다. 이 중 묵서가 확인된 것은 69점이다. 필자는 이미 1차 및 2차 보고분에 대해 사견을 개략적으로 표명한 적이 있다. 2차 보고서의 발간으로 1차 보고분에만 국한되었던 기존의 논의도 1차 보고분과 2차 보고분 합해 재론되어야 할 시점에 이르렀다. 이 자료와 용례를 통해 6세기 신라사회의 문자생활과 국가 운영의 실상에 대해 구체적으로 논의할 수 있게 되었다. 이를 위해 본고에서는 함안 성산산성 출토 목간의 성격에 대해 논하였다. Over the course of 5 years between 2000 and 2004, a total of 90 wooden tablets were recovered from the Seongsan mountain fortress in Haman county, South Gyeongsang province. The region of Haman county belonged to the Gaya territory in ancient time and was subsumed within the Silla territory in the mid-sixth century A.D. The Seongsan mountain fortress was presumably constructed right after the region was incorporated into Silla. Up until 1999, 27 wooden tablets had been excavated. Different hypotheses on the use of these tablets, such as personal identification, register, or as baggage tags, were proposed. The 90 wooden tablets recovered after the year 2000 provide information that was not delivered by the previous 27 pieces. Most of all, one tablet has three consecutive letters, "Pae(稗)," "Ⅱ(二)," "Seok(石)." The previous argument that "Pae" or "Pae Ⅱ" represents a position in government service is no longer supportable. It seems equally difficult to support the hypothesis that these wooden tablets were used as personal identification or register. Rather, these tablets seem to have been used as baggage tags.

건조방법에 따른 두부의 품질특성

이정은,이현규,김용찬,양차범 漢陽大學校 韓國生活科學硏究所 2001 韓國 生活 科學 硏究 Vol.- No.19

In order to compare the quality properties with drying methods, soybean curd were studied through hot-air drying, vacuum drying and freeze drying methods. The color(lightness and ΔE) was decreased by drying, and showed similar trend to drying methods. However, hot-air drying showed the greatest change in browning and protein denaturation degree. Also, the hardness after rehydrated was the highest in hot-air drying. From the results, the quality properties of soybean curd were the most decreased by hot-air drying, and vacuum drying and freeze drying methods were similar changed.

중성리비의 기초적 검토 : 냉수리비·봉평비와의 비교적 시점

이용현 한국고고미술연구소 2011 고고학지 Vol.17 No.-

The Silla stone monument in Jungseong-ri, Pohang, was built in 501 with an inscription on a single face. This study analyzes the monument in connection with two other Silla monument erected in the same period, Naengsuri Monument (erected in 503) in Pohang and Bongpyeong Monument (erected in 524) in Uljin. The inscription of the monument is focused on an open discussion between eight community leaders including chiefs of the Obu (five divisions) on the recapture of a palace located at a site in today's Jungseong-ri, Pohang. It mentions that chiefs of two ministries, Takbu and Satakbu, including Galmunwang and Aganji, issued a highest-level government order called Gyo which was later reported by a group of mid-rank officials called Nama, revealing that the Silla government was largely led by the two ministries. The record shows that by 501 Silla was operating a government of six ministries consisting of Tak and Pyeong which was developed from one of two main ministries, and that the reformation of the government influenced the formation of local administrations called Oewi (outer ranks). 포항 중성리 신라비는 501년에 세워진 1면비이다. 본고에서는 동시대 신라비석자료인 503년 건립 포항 냉수리비와 524년 건립 울진 봉평비를 전거로 삼아 본 비를 분석하였다. 5부의 장 및 대표자로 구성된 쟁인(爭人)집단 8인이 포항 중성리 부근의 궁의 탈환을 두고 쟁(爭) 즉 공론한 것을 기록한 비석이다. 갈문왕(葛文王) 등 탁부와 사탁부의 장급인 아간지(阿干支)가 최고 명령인 교(敎)를 내리고, 이에 나마(奈麻)집단이 백(白) 즉 보고하고 있는데, 국가 행정체계에 주류 2부인 탁부와 사탁부가 중심이 되어 기능하고 있다. 501년 단계에 있어서, 탁과 평으로 이뤄진 6부의 모습, 관등이 탁부 등 주류 2부에서 시작하여 6부로 확장되고, 이어 지방관등인 외위(外位)의 형성에도 영향을 주고 있던 모습을 볼 수 있다.

체육인복지제도와 국가보훈제도의 비교 연구

이용식,조송현 서울대학교 체육연구소 2000 서울大學校 體育硏究所論集 Vol.21 No.1

The propose of this study was to compare national veterans system and sports welfare system in Korea. In the results of this study, existing sports welfare system in Korea is like to national veterans system. Resemblance point between national veterans system and sports welfare system in Korea as follows. First, in the purpose of system, existing sports welfare system in Korea is like to national veterans system in the point of compensation about merits. Second, in the application target, existing sports welfare system in Korea is like to national veterans system in the point of a person of merits. Third, in the allowance type, sports welfare system rely on money and have no opportunity supply program like protection of adoption of a profession or loan support in which national veterans system have. Fourth, in the allowance supply period, existing sports welfare system in Korea is like to national veterans system in the point that supplied when became the target through an application reception and qualified examination. Fifth, in the allowance supply level, an amount of supply money of existing sports welfare system in Korea is low than national veterans system. Sixth, in the finance supply method. existing sports welfare system in Korea is like to national veterans system in the point of public fund. Sports welfare system have to involve program which involved national veterans system in order to strengthen sports welfare system's welfare character. First, senior sportman support program is needed. Second, vocational education for retired athlete is needed. Third, establishment of sports hospital is needed. Fourth, many welfare program like protection of adoption of a profession or loan support is needed at sports welfare system.