부안 동림서원의 건립과 변천에 대한 연구―『동림서원지』를 중심으로―

김승대 ( Kim Seung-dae ) 한국실학학회 2020 한국실학연구 Vol.0 No.40

동림서원은 반계 유형원을 배향한 유일한 서원이었다. 최근 필자는 부안김씨 담계 종중에서 『동림서원지』 등 고문서 4건을 발굴하였다. 이를 통해 동림서원에 대해 새로운 사실을 확인하게 되었다. 동림서원은 1693년(숙종19) 부안 소산면 파산에서 반계를 배향한 남인 계열의 ‘반계사’, ‘파산서원’으로 출발하였다. 1711년(숙종37) 유문원과 김서경을 추가 배향하였고, 1737년(영조13)에는 상서면 동림으로 이건하였다. 1789년(정조13) 김회신을 추가 배향하고, 1794년(정조18)에는 강당을 창건하였다. 동림으로 옮긴 후 동림서원은 부안김씨 문중서원의 성격을 많이 내포하게 되었다. 또한, 『재임안』·『서재 유생안』·『양사재 계안』은 19세기 동림서원의 양상을 잘 나타내고 있다. 1868년(고종5) 서원이 철폐된 후, 현재 1908년, 1939년에 세워진 ‘동림서원 유허비’와 건물 주초석만이 남아있다. 향후 고문서 번역, 본격적인 고증과 문화재 지정 검토, 인근 반계 유적과 연계한 활용방안 등이 검토된다. Donglim Seowon(東林書院) in Buan was the only Confucian academy in the country to commemorate Bangue(磻溪) Yu Hyeong-won(柳馨遠). Recently, I discovered four ancient documents, including “Dongnim Seowonji(東林書院誌)”, from the Buan Kim Clan. Donglim Seowon started in 1693 as ‘Bangye-sa(磻溪祠)’ and 'Pasan seowon(巴山書院)' in commemoration of Yu Hyeong-won in the Pasan village of Sosan-myeon, Buan-gun. In 1711 the Yu Mun-won and Kim Seo-gyeong were additionally commemorated, and in 1737 they moved to Donglim Village in Sangseo-myeon. In 1789, Kim Hoe-sin was additionally commemorated, and in 1794, an auditorium was established. After moving to Dongnim Village, Donglim Seowon was largely associated with the character of Buan Kim's Munjungseowon. In addition, ‘Jaeiman’, ‘Seojae Yusaengan’ and ‘Yangsajae Gyean’ are documents that show various aspects of Donglim Seowon in the 19th century. The Confucian academy was abolished in 1868. Currently, only the monument and the foundation stone of the building erected in 1908 and 1939. In the future, it is necessary to review the translation of ancient documents, the full-fledged review of historical records and cultural heritage designation, and the historical sites and utilization measures of nearby Bangue Yu Hyeong-won.

부안지역 유교문화유산의 현황과 과제 - 지포 김구, 반계 유형원, 간재 전우를 중심으로 -

김승대 ( Kim Seung-dae ) 한국사상문화학회 2018 韓國思想과 文化 Vol.95 No.-

전북 부안지역은 유교 문화자원이 많이 남아 있다. 특히 ‘부안 삼현(扶安 三賢)’으로 불리는 지포 김구(止浦 金坵), 반계 유형원(磻溪 柳馨遠), 간재 전우(艮齋 田愚)의 유적지가 대표적이라 할 수 있다. 이들은 한국 유학사에서 성리학의 도입, 변화, 종결에 중요한 역할을 담당한 인물들이다. 지포 김구는 고려 말 성리학의 도입하는 데 큰 역할을 하였다. 그는 고향인 부안에서 내려와서 제자를 양성하면서 지역사회에 문풍을 진작시켰고 향촌 교화에 노력하였다. 반계 유형원은 실학의 선구자로 그가 부안에서 남긴 『반계수록』은 새로운 사회로의 개혁을 주창하는 대표적인 역작으로 평가된다. 간재 전우는 조선왕조 망국의 한을 안고 부안의 계화도에 은거하며 3,000여 명의 제자를 양성함으로써 조선 유학의 대미를 장식하였다. 부안군의 지정문화재 중 유교문화유산은 9건이며, 이중 지포, 반계, 간재 유적지는 전라북도 기념물로 지정되어 있다. 부안지역에는 지포의 묘소, 도동서원 터, 유허비 등이, 반계의 서당, 고택지, 동림서원 터 등이, 간재의 사당, 청풍대비, 상왕등도 유적 등이 남아 있다. 또한 앞으로의 과제로는 부안 삼현의 체계적인 사료조사와 연구, 전북유학의 학맥과 세거 성씨 연구, 부안삼현의 주 무대인 지포의 지지포, 반계의 우반동, 간재의 계화도 등을 활용한 역사문화 콘텐츠화, 중장기적인 하드웨어 건립 등이 검토되어야 할 것이다. Buan-gun area in Jeonbuk has still a lot Confucian culture resources. In particular, their historical sites which Zippo Kim-gu (止浦 金坵 1211~1278), Bangue Yu Hyeong-won(磻溪 柳馨遠, 1622~1673) and Ganjae Jeon woo(艮齋 田愚, 1841~1922) called ‘the three Wise Men(三賢) in Buan(扶安)' called are representative. Zippo Kim Gu had a big role in introducing of Confucianism in the late Goryeo Dynasty. He had come down in his hometown of Buan and trained disciples promoting the studying atmosphere in the community and tried to enlighten country. Bangue Yu Hyeong-won was a pioneer of realism(實學) and had written the『Banguesoorok(磻溪隧錄)』in Buan which is a representative masterpiece of assessment advocated a reform of a new society. Ganjae Jeon woo was facing the sadness of the Joseon Dynasty destroyed retreated in Gyewhado(界火島) in Buan and had achieved the peak of the Confucianism in Joseon Dynasty, by cultivating 3,000 pupils. Thus, this study explores the Confucianism cultural assets in Buan area first. Among them, focusing on Zippo's, Bangue's and Ganjae's ruins examines their meaning and utilization. First, a brief look at the Confucian heritage status of Buan and want to derive the utilization of the current perspective through their life and footprints in Buan. Above all, the main stages where they had worked in Jijipo(知止浦), Ubandong(愚磻洞), Gyehwado(界火島) have to examine the meaning and review about the association utilization.

거제도(경상남도, 거제시)의 거미상

김주필(Joo Pil Kim),김대희(Dae Hee Kim),지승환(Seung Hwan Ji),지성현(Sung Hyun Ji) 한국거미연구소 2017 한국거미 Vol.33 No.2

2017년 7월 4일부터 6일까지 경상남도 거제시 거제도 일대를 김주필, 김대희, 지승환, 지성현, 최라미, 이영경 등 한국거미연구소 회원들이 주야로 채집한 결과, 총 23과 56속 75종이 조사 연구되어 이에 발표하는 바이다. 채집한 표본은 주필거미박물관에 보관하였다. From July 4 to 6 in 2017. Joo-Pil Kim, Dae-Hee Kim, Seung-Hwan Ji, Sung-Hyun Ji, Ra-Mi Choi, Yeong-Gyeong Lee, the members of The Arachnological Institute of Korea investigated the spiders in the whole area of Geoje city, Geoje-do, Gyeongsangnam-do and report 23 Family 56 Genus 75 Species of spiders. The collected spiders are placed (stored) in the Joo-Pil Spider museum.

만성 승모판 패쇄부전증 환자에서의 안지오텐신 전환효소 억제제의 장기 투여 효과

김대희,이명묵,이해영,조현재,박승정,서재빈,서정원,양한모,윤창환,조상호,이준희,김용진,김명아,손대원,오병희,박영배 대한순환기학회 2004 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.34 No.2

비만증 환자에서 한약제에 의한 체중 감소효과

Oh, Seung-Joon,Jeong, In-Kyung,Kim, Young-Seol,Choi, Young-Kil,Paeng, Jeong-Ryung,Bae, Jung-Hwan,Shin, Hyun-Dae 경희대학교 동서의학연구소 1999 INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON EAST-WEST MEDICINE Vol.1999 No.1

Seung-Joon Oh, In-Kyung Jeong, Young-Seol Kim, Young-Kil Choi, Jeong-Ryung Paeng¹, Jung-Hwan Bae and Hyun-Dae Shin²Department of internal Medicine, College Medicine, Endocrine Research Institute¹. Department of Rehabilitation, College of Oriental Medicine², Seoul, korea. Bady Fat Reduction Effects of Red Ginseng Compound Preparation on the Patients with Obesity. Proceedings of International Symposium on East-West Medicine, Seoul. 244-254, 1999.-Obesity can be defined as a metabolic disease due to an increased state of fat tissues caused by an imbalance of calorie intake and use. Recently, in Korea by improvement and westernization of food intake, along with decrease in exercise activities, the prevalence of obesity has increased greatly. Our objectives were to study stability and effects of decrease in body fat by administering red ginseng compound preparation (known to have body fat decreasing effects in laboratory animals) to obesity patients on low calorie diets. Changes in weight and body fat were measured while carrying out calorie-restricted diets on patients for 4 weeks, then administering red ginseng compound preparation for another 4 weeks. The patients were 20 people whose BMI were 25kg/㎡ or over and whose percent body fat was also 30% or over when tested by bioelectrical conductivity. 1. Changes in weight were from 70.04kg(base line) to 67.43kg(after taking red ginseng compound preparation). 2. In similar sense, BMI decreased from 27.12kg/㎡(base line) to 26.56kg/㎡(after dieting), and further to 26.01kg/㎡ (after taking red ginseng compound preparation). The BMI seemed to decrease significantly compared to the baseline after the use of red ginseng compound. 3. Waist hip ratio was changed from 0.8858(base line) to 0.8728, but it was statistically insignificant. 4. The percent body fat was 35,16%(base line), 33.87%(after dieting), and 31.68%(after taking red ginseng compound preparation). 5. Complete blood cell count and blood chemisrty remained unaffected by the administration. 6. In concern to endocrinologic studies, T3 decreased from 118.7 to 98.2ng/dL, and T4 increased from 8.8 to 9.2㎕/ dL. Epinephrine showed a tendency to decreased from 0.27 to 0.25 ng/mL, and norepinephrine increased from 0.39 to 0.44ng/mL. 7. Leptin was not changed. 8. Some patients complained adverse effects; constipation(5 patients, may be due to diet therapy), fatigue (2 patients), pruritus(2 patients), flushing(s patients), dizziness(3 patients) and epigastric discomfort(2 patients). However their symptoms were mild, so medication did not stopped. In conclusion, loss of weight without significant side effects was observed during low calorie diet and red ginseng compound preparation administration. This is thought to be in relation to sympathetic nerve system rather than adrenal gland. Also, further long0term studies should be required, since the observed results were based on short-term changes in weight.

생체분해성 망막압정을 이용한 망막고정에 대한 실험적 연구

김용백,민병무,김창식,박근성,김승영,길숙종,조항진,이성복,노승무,송규상,강대영,조준식,양준묵,정경수,최선웅,이진호,김학용,인현빈 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.1

Biodegradable retinal fixation devices obtain mechnical fixation of the retina with desirable chorioretinal scarring and with the potential for local, sustained release of antimetabolites and steroids to inhibit proliferative vitreoretinopathy. We manufactured a biodegradable retinal tack with barb that was designed in order to prevent intrusion from implantation of retinal tacks. This study was carried to evaluate the efficacy for retinal fixation and the capability for sustained release of drugs with a newly designed biodegradable retinal tack Biodegradable retinal tacks were made of polymers of glycolic acids and were designed with barbs in a shape to prevent the disinsertion. Biodegradale retinal tacks are divided into 3 parts, a conical portion that is inserted into the sclera, a cylinder portion that remains in the vitreous, and a neck portion between the pin and the cylinder. The tapered conical end was manufactured to allow easy insertion through the retina and choroid into the sclera. A cylinder portion was manufactured with a tapered angle that fixes firmly into the orifice of 19 gauge spinal needle. A neck portion, 0.4 mm in diameter, was designed to prevent disinsertion from following implantation of retinal tack. The applicator was a 19 gauge spinal needle and its orifice was prepared to 15°angle to accept the tapered cylinder portion of the retinal tack. The retinal tacks, secured in the needles, were passed through the formed vitreous and inserted into the retina, choroid, and sclera and were released by pushing the internal needle, usually within 2-3mm of the medullary ray of the posterior rabbit retina A retinal tack was placed in each of 8 pigmented rabbit eyes. Slit-lamp biomicroscopy, indirect ophthalmoscopy and fundus photography were performed periodically from 1 day to 8 weeks after surgery. Eight eyes were enucleated and studied by light microscopy at 8 weeks. Biomicroscopic evaluation of the animals revealed edemas adjacent to the retinal surfaces immediately after insertion of the biodegradable retinal tacks in all the animals. These edemas disappeared after 1 week. The first noticeable change in the size of retinal tacks was shown after 2weeks. The size of the retinal tacks gradually got smaller, decreasing to about one-half at 4 weeks and about one-third at 8 weeks. All retinal tacks remained in inserted places without any movement for an 8 week period. On light microscopy, epiretinal proliferations were seen to extend into the vitreous cavity. Cellular capsules that lined the inner aspect of the scleral defect caused by tack insertion were found. However the adjacent retina had a normal cytologic appearance and architecture in all specimens. We manufactured a biodegradable retinal tack that is designed to prevent intrusion from implantation of retinal tacks. All biodegradable retinal tacks reduce in size with time, but no retinal tacks extruded from the inserted place. The newly designed biodegradable retinal tack can be used for retinal fixation and may be used as a vehicle for the introduction of pharmacologic agents to prevent the cellular events that promote proliferative vitreoretinopathy.

소아 야뇨증에 대한 임상적 고찰

김승수,곽병곤,김영대,김우경,김영균,이종국 白中央醫療院 2005 仁濟醫學 Vol.26 No.1

Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe the clinical characteristics of enuretic children and to evaluate the efficacy of treatments. Methods: Our study subjects enrolled were 52 children with nocturnal enuresis, who visited outpatient clinic of pediatrics in Seoul Paik Hospital and Ilsan Paik Hospital, during the period from October 1998 to August 2004. The data of gender, age, family history, symptom, clinical type of enuresis and drug therapy were collected and analyzed retrospectively. Results: The male : female ratio was 2.25 : 1. The mean age at diagnosis was 6.8 years with an age range from 4.3 years to 12.5 years. Fourty five cases(86.5%) were diagnosed as primary enuresis and 7 cases(13.5%) were diagnosed as secondary enuresis. A family history of enuresis was noted in 5 cases(9.6%) including 4 cases with parental enuresis history. The accompanying urinary symptoms were urgency(11.5%), frequency (7.7%), and dysuria(2.0%). Conclusion: We found frequent occurrences of enuresis in boys and primary type and an occasional association with a family history of enuresis. The two main treatment modalities were behavior control with an alarm system and drug therapy with imipramine, desmopressin, or oxybutynin. We recommend continuous drug medications to control nocturnal enuresis along with encouragement.

Rat의 복강에 삽입한 Fluorouracil-Polyglycolic acid 제형의 Fluorouracil 용출에 관한 연구

노승무,정경수,오정연,김진향,양준묵,강대영,송규상,최정목,최선웅,이진호,조준식,민병무,김용백,김창식,박근성,김승영,김학용,인현빈 忠南大學校 癌共同硏究所 1998 癌共同硏究所 硏究誌 Vol.2 No.1

A common form of relapse in adenocarcinoma of the stomach is intraperitoneal dissemination, in fact, among gastric adenocarcinoma patients who have undergone surgery intended to cure, approximately 50% of the patients develope initial recurrence in the peritoneal cavity regardless of the anatomic site of the primary tumor within the stomach. The efficacy of systemic postoperative chemotherapy to prevent peritoneal recurrence of gastrric adcnocarcinoma is not satisfactory. There is still a great need for improved therapeutic strategies on the disseminated microscopic disease and small miliary nodules remaining on the peritoneal surface or lymphatics after operation. The authers have made fluorouracil-polyglycolic acid composite disks(Fu-PGA disks) with fluorouracil and biodegradable polymer: polyglycolic acid for more effective intraperitoneal chemotherapy. We inserted the Fu-PGA disk(s) in the peritoneal cavity of rat and pharmacokinetic study was performed to measure fluorouracil concentration in the peritoneal fluid, plasma, liver, kidney and heart tissue at 24 hour, 72 hour and 168 hour after insertion of Fu-PGA disk(s). Myelosuppressive action of this composite also was determined following its administration. The data of this study suggested that Fu-PGA composite will be a new device releasing drugs in a controlled manner and having targetability to peritoneum, and this device will be improving the efficacy of intraperitoneal chemotherapy for gastric adenocarcinoma.

홍계희(洪啓禧) 경세론(經世論)의 재지적(在地的) 기반(基盤)

김승대 ( Kim Seung Dae ) 한국실학학회 2017 한국실학연구 Vol.0 No.33

이 글은 조선후기 영조대의 대표적인 경세가로 알려져 있는 淡窩 洪啓禧(1703~1771)의 개방적이고 실용적인 학문과 사상, 경세론의 전개에 대해 호남지역을 재지적 기반으로 하는 가문의 성장과 학문적 계보, 반계수록의 영향을 중심으로 살펴보았다. 홍계희 가문은 고조 홍명원 이후 홍수제, 홍우전, 홍계희를 거치면서 관직과 혼인을 통해 호남지역에 정착하고 정치·경제적으로 성장하였다. 홍계희는 외조부 이상, 부친 홍우전, 스승 이재로 이어지는 학맥을 가지고, 문인으로는 이기경, 이기정, 홍계학, 박종, 홍주익 등이 확인된다. 홍계희 경세론의 연원은 유형원의 반계수록에서 찾을 수 있는데, 한국실학의 산실로서 호남지역을 기반으로 개방·실용적인 사상과 학문의 영향, 농촌의 현실을 국가재조의 새로운 틀로 변화시키려한 반계수록이 홍계희의 국가 정책 반영의 모범이 되었다. At the time period of King Yeongjo in Joseon dynasty, Hong Gye-hee(1703 ~1771) was a great scholar and politician as well as official. He was a great and intense reformer who had conducted things as like the policy of Gyunyeok-beop, making Cheonggaecheon stream and confucian books & general publication and etc. during the reign of King Yeongjo. And he was dispatched to Japan and China for introducing culture as an envoy. Mr. Hong`s clan center proved the area of Jeon-ju not in Yangju Gyeonggi-do. Now there is his father`s gravestone and are also important remains such as his families residence site; Hong Woo-jeon`s, Hong Gye-hee`s, Hong Seul-hae`s, Hong Sang-beom`s and so on. The writer can be confirmed that fact through the historical documents, collection of works, ancient documents, genealogical table, epigraph and etc. Particularly Mr. Hong clan was deeply connected with Song Si-yeol·Song jun`s sect. In Honam area, historic remains connected with Hong Gae-hee was witnessed here and there, especially, Hong Su-jae`s old house where he lived in Kim-je, Man-Gyeong and Mong-San, simultaneous the writer has succeeded to ascertain in monument linked with Hong woo-jeon at Go-san, Wan-ju Gun in Jeollabuk-do province and his old house known as "Hong Soo-jae house" at Bong-dong, In afire-mentioned country and province. Mr. Hong was affected by Mr. Yu Hyeong-won who written by Ban-gye surok(磻溪隧錄). He had influenced on many scholars who had an ideology of Governing especially realists(經世思想). There were Hwang Yoon-seok, Lee Gi-jeong, Pak Jong and etc. And his many-sided publications were reflected in national policy for reforming. Accordingly, Hong Gae-hee born in Jeonju during the reign of King Yeongjo was regarded as a remarkable and practical politician. He was attributed to administer nation efficiently by applying his knowledge.

Rat의 복강내에 투여한 5-fluorouracil-polyglycolic acid 제형이 장기에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

강대영,송규상,최정목,노승무,정경수,오정연,김진향,양준묵,최선웅,이진호,조준식,민병무,김용백,김창식,박근성,김승영,김학용,인현빈 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.1

For more effective intraperitoneal chemotherapy, the authers made 5-fluorouracil-polyglycolic acid composite disks(FU-PGA disks) with 5-fluorouracil and polyglycolic acid, a biodegradable polymer. We inserted the FU-PGA disk into the peritoneal cavites of Sprague-Dawley male rats, the control and three experimental groups; one FU-PGA disk insert group(300mg/kg), two FU-PGA disk insert group(600mg/kg), and three FU-PGA disk insert group(900mg/kg). The control group received a similar number of PGA disk inserts. A pharmacokinetic study was performed to measure the 5-fluorouracil concentration in the peritoneal fluid, blood, and tissues(liver, kidney and heart) at 24 hours, 72hours and 168 hours after insertion of the FU-PGA disk. Light and electron microscopic studies were done. The results were as follows: 1) The number of white blood cells and platelets decreased after FU-PGA insertion. The degree was proportional to the duration and amounts inserted. The change in the number of red blood cells varied slightly. 2) Light microscopically, slight changes were noted at 168 hours in the 3 disk insert group (900mg/kg). Mild fatty change and hepatocyte degeneration around the central veins of the liver were noted, with vacuolar degeneration in the proximal convoluted tubules of the kidney. 3) Electron microscopically,the liver showed focal increases of lipid droplets in the hepatocytes, and irregular nuclear membrane with focal nucleolar segregation of the fibrillar and granular elements. Also the double membranous structure of the hepatocytes and Kupffer cells was widened with bleb formation. The kidney showed wide separation of the nuclear double membrane in the proximal convoluted tubular cells and mesangial cells, with vacuolation and myelin figure formation in the mitochondria of the proximal convoluted tubular cells, at 72 hours and 168 hours in the 2 to 3 FU-PGA insert groups. The heart showed focal loss of cristae,vacuolation and myelin figure formation in the mitochondria of the 2 to 3 FU-PGA insert groups. In conclusion, despite the large amont of FU-PGA inserted, the histopathological changes in the liver, kidney and heart were slight, and consonant with the very low amount of 5-fluorouracil concentrations detected in the liver, kidney and heart. The above results suggest that the FU-PGA composite can serve as a new device for releasing drugs in a controlled manner and easily targeted to intraperitoneal organs. This device can improve the efficacy of intraperitoneal chemotherapy for gastric cancer.