정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

동물의 기억 검사

한정수 대한치매학회 2004 Dementia and Neurocognitive Disorders Vol.3 No.2

Good animal models for memory impairments by aging or the diseases are necessary for the understanding of the fundamental cognitive mechanisms, and studying the causes of neurological diseases related memory disorders and the development of new drugs. It is widely accepted that the hippocampus and the related brain areas mediate declarative memory in humans. The rats with hippocampal damages fail to learn so called the hippocampal-dependant task', such as water maze task, radial arm maze and context fear conditioning. It was also pointed out that animal's strains and characteristics of memory task should be considered before the start of experiments for accessing memory nature or effects of a drug on the memory with rats or mice.

지방산 유지 원료에 따른 고형비누의 특성에 관한 연구

정명선,배한수,이봉연,민경혜,류덕환 계명대학교 생활과학연구소 2001 科學論集 Vol.27 No.-

The experimental results on the washing efficiency of detergent made from corn oil, wasted cooking oil and pig fat oil are as follows ; Laundry factors in this experiment are detergent concentration, laundry temperature and laundry time. 1.The surface tension of each detergent showed the lowest in 0.2% concentration corn oil 60.84, wasted cooking oil 61.11, pig fat oil 60.73dyne/cm. 2.The wasthing efficiency based on different concentration of detergents showed the highest in 0.2% concentration. 3.The highest washing efficiency appeared in 0.2% concentration 40℃ temperature and 40~50 min. time. There showed no difference in the washing efficiency according to the volume of water. It can be said that the frictional force of bearing rather than the volume of water worked on the efficiency.

전자제품 조립업체 근로자에게 직무 요구, 직무 조직, 경력 개발, 역할 압력, 경제력 압력등의 직무 스트레스가 업무관련 상지 근골격계 질환에 미치는 영향

한상환,조수현,김지영,성낙정 大韓産業醫學會 2003 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.15 No.3

목적: 직무스트레스를 직무 요구, 직무 조직, 경력개발, 역할 압력, 경제적 압력 등 요인별로 구분한 후 업무관련 상지 근골격제 질환과의연관성이 높은 직무 스트레스 요인을 도출하기 위한 목적으로 본 연구를 시도하였다. 방법: 이동전화기 부품 조립 업체 여성 근로자 112명, 전수, 냉장고 조립 업체 3개 부서 남성 근로자 237명 전수, 그리고 사무직 근로자 87명 전수 등 총 436명을 대상으로 업무관련 상지 근골격계 증상과 직무 스트레스에 관한 설문 조사를 실시하였다, 물리적 작업 요인은 작업 과정을 인간공학적 평가서로 평가하였다. 근골격계 증상과 직무 스트레스 평가서에 제대로 응답하지 않은 53명을 제외한 총 382명을 최종 분석대상으로 하여, 직무스트레스 요인에 대한 요인분석을 실시하고 적합성이 높은 요인별로 직무스트레스 요인을 구분한 후 로짓 희귀 분석으로 상지 근골격계 질환과의 연관성을 분석하였다. 결과: 각 연구 대상군에서 목과 어깨 부위의 증상 호소율이 가장 높았으며, 손목과 손가락 부위, 팔꿈치 부위 순이었다. 목과 어깨 부위와 손목과 손가락 ㅂ위에서 부적절한 작업 자세와 힘 요인의 연관성이 관찰되었으며, 직무의 단순성, 직무 구분의 모호성, 직무의 자율성 부재, 경제적 압력, 승진 장애, 퇴직 압력 등의 직무 스트레스 요인이 유의한 것으로 나타났다. 여서 조립 작업자에서 증상 호소율이 더 높았으며, 근골격계 질환과 직무 스트레스의 연관성의 강도는 남성 조립 작업자보다 여성 조립작업자와 사무직 근로자에서 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 결론: 본 연구 결과 물리적 작업 요인에 의한 영향을 보정한 후에도 사무직 근오자와 생산직 근로자 모두에서 직무 스트레스가 업무관련 상지 근골격계 질환에 영향을 미치는 것으로 해석할 수 있었으며, 특히 경제적 요인과 경력 개발 요인 들의 중요성이 부각되었다. 따라서 향후 직무 스트레스와 업무관련 상지 근골격계 질환에 대한 다양한 직종에서의 경험적 연구결과가 축적외어 우리 나라의 조직문화적 특성을 고려한 직무 스트레스 위험 요인 파악이 필요하다고 하겠다. Objects: To evaluate the association od upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders with job demand-control and effort-reward related job stress. Methods: Questionnaires concerning symptoms, psychosocial factors and work conditions were completed by 436 workers from a refrigerator assembly line, mobile phone assembly line, and an office, musculoskeletal conditions of the upper extremities were defined by the frequency, duration, and intensity of symptoms. A walk-through survey was performed to evaluate various physical work factors. Data were analyzed with the use of logistic regression. Results: A total of 32 workers completed the survey, for whom neck and shoulder symptoms were the most frequently reported, followed by finger and wrist, and then elbow symptoms. Both awkward working posture and forceful exertion were associated with an imcrease in shoulder/neck and finger/wrist symptoms. In addition, job stress factors such as monotony, low job clarity, low job control, low promotion prospect, economic issues, and retirement pressures were associated with increased neck/shoulder, elbow, and finger/wrist conditions. Women were more likely to report symptoms, and the association between musculoskeletal conditions and job stress factors was stronger in female assembly line workers and office workers than in male assembly line workers. Conclusions: The results suggest that musculoskeletal conditions of the upper extremities are associated with not only physical work factors but also job stress factors. In particular, economin issues and career development factors are important influences on workers in Korea.

골프선수들의 심리적(PSIS) 비교 분석에 관한 연구

한정훈,배진희,최영수 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.3

The purpose of this study was to compare the PSIS factors and to development the norms of golf players in competition. Subjects were 180 golf players. For PSIS adopted Mahoncy(1989) was used in this research. The main findings of this study were as follows. First, there was significant mean difference in the confidence factor between university and business players, however there were no differences in other factors. Second, there was significant mean difference in the confidence factor among under 3.48th, 3.49th~9.65th years by career, however there were no differences in other factors. Third, there was significant mean difference in the confidence factor between one and none by representative career, however there were no differences in other factors. Fourth, there were 11~26 norm scores of university players and 17~28 norm scores of business players in the anxiety factor. Fifth, there were 6~20 norm scores of university players and 7~18 norm scores of business players in the concentration factor. Sixth, there were 12~27 norm scores of university players and 16 ~27 norm scores of business players in the confidence factor. Seventh, there were 4~20 norm scores of university players and 10~23 norm scores of Eighth, there were 9 ~23 norm scores of university players and 10~23 norm scores of business players in the motivation factor. Ninth, there were 5~18 norm scores of university players and 9~18 norm scores of business players in the team emphasis factor.

경악 반응 측정법

한정수,김현택 한국심리학회 2005 한국심리학회지 생물 및 생리 Vol.3 No.1

강한 소리자극이나 공기분사에 의해 피험동물에게서 유발된 경악반응을 기록하는 측정장치인 안정계를 소개한다. 이 장치는 동물의 움직임을 매우 민감하게 감지할 뿐만아니라 변환기로서 규격품의 스피커를 사용하므로 다수의 장치를 동시에 사용하여도 민감도에 있어서 장치간의 차이가 없다. 또한 경악반응을 유발시키기 위한 강한소리 발생장치와 경악반응의 기록 및 분석을 위한 컴퓨터 인터페이스 기술에 대해 설명한다. This report introduces the stabilimeter with a loudspeaker which measures startle reaction induced intense auditory stimulus or air puff. This apparatus provides high sensitivity, good reproductivity and a wide range of utilization(rat and mice). Also a device that elicits the statle reaction by auditory stimulus and a computer's interface that records and analyses the startle responses are introduced.

수종의 치수 처치제가 유견 유구치의 치수조직에 미치는 영향에 관한 조직학적 비교연구

한정현,손일수,김용기 단국대학교 치의학연구소 1992 논문집 Vol.4 No.-

Pulpal reaction to tested medicaments during various time intervals(1, 7, 14, 28, 56 days) were evaluated histologically under light microscope. In Formocroesol-ZOE group, classical 3 different histological zones were observed with apical diffusion of fixation zone, whereas none-to slight diffusion could be found. Only Glutaraldehyde-ZOE group showed active fibrotic replacement. Generalized severe inflammation and internal resorption were observed in Glutaraldehyde-Ca(OH)_2 group and ZOE control group. 5 minute glutaraldehyde (2%) pulpotomy using ZOE as base material showed the best histological picture among all the tested materials.

하루 콩단백질 25g 섭취를 위한 메뉴작성 및 영양성분 분석

한재숙,김정애,서봉순,이연정,서향순,조연숙,한경필,이신정,오옥희,우경자,조은자,구성자,김수진,李承彦,南出隆久 동아시아식생활학회 2002 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.12 No.2

The purpose of this study was to develop menus for daily intake of 25g soybean protein and to analyse nutrients of these foods. Analytical values were compared to the theoretical one using the food composition table and recommended dietary allowances for Koreans (7th revision). The results are as follows. 1. Soybean curd residue stew, Soybean curd, Kimchi saute, and hard boiled soybean and lotus root were selected for the menu for January, of which the content of soy bean protein(SBP) was 33.1g, soybean stew, soybean curd and soybean sprout saute, and Italian deep fried soybean curd were for February, of which the content of SBP was 35.0g. The content of SBP in soybean paste soup with soybean curd, fried soybean curd and fried soybean curd roll, the menu for March, was 24.9g. That of April were soybean curd gratin with soymilk, soybean curd and ham with garlic dressing and the content of SBP was 26.3g. That of May were soybean porridge, soybean flour cake with honey (Dasik), soybean sprout soup and the content of SBP was 26.7g. That of June were soymilk, pan-fried soybean curd, steamed soybean curd with chicken and the content of SBP was 28.4g. That of July were noodle with soymilk, mapatofu, soybean curd salad and the content of SBP was 24.7g. That of August were soybean sprout with mustard dressing, Tossed green pepper with raw soybean flour, Tofu and Kimchi stew, soybean curd steak and the content of SBP was 26.2g. That of September were Chinese cabbage soup with raw soybean flour, sweet and sour tofu and the content of SBP was 23.2g. That of Oct. were Fermented soybean stew, soybean pan cake and the content of SBP was 24.3g. That of November were not-pressed soybean curd casserole, pan-fried mashed soybean curd with egg, stir frying deep-fried soybean curd with vegetables and the content of SBP was 22.4g. That of December were soybean curd and mushroom casserole, fried soybean curd and vegetables, hard boiled soybean curd and the content of SBP was 28.9g. 2. The ratio of the analytical value over theoretical value (A/B%) of one serving in kcal, carbohydrate, protein, fat, ash and dietary fiber were 57.7~107.7%, 42.9~131.9%, 79.2~118.3%, 54.5~100%, 40.7~80.8% and 42.1~113.2%, respectively. 3. The ratio of A/B% of one serving in Ca, K, Na, P and Fe were 44.1~93.6%, 59.0~153.1%, 53.1~117.7% 64.6%~138.8 and 33.8~77.3%, respectively. That in Fe was the lowest among minerals. 4. The ratio of analytical value over Korean R.D.A(A/C%) in Ca was relatively higher (22.0~85.9%) than that in kcal(18~63%). 5. The ratio of A/C% in Fe was 25.1~64.3% and lower than that in Ca and protein in general.

시민참여와 정부신뢰

정수현,강한솔,황은진,이정주,노승용 서울여자대학교 사회과학연구소 2012 사회과학논총 Vol.19 No.-

이 연구는 시민참여와 정부신뢰와의 관계를 분석하는데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위하여, 이 연구에서는 시민참여를 전통적인 오프라인 시민참여와 디지털 방식인 온라인 시민참여로 그 유형을 분류하고, 오프라인 시민참여와 온라인 시민참여의 경험이 정부신뢰와 어떤 관계가 있는지를 분석하였다. 2차 자료를 활용하여 빈도분석, 교차분석, t-test, 분산분석, 회귀분석 등을 실시한 결과 먼저, 우리나라 시민참여 경험자는 약 22% 정도이며, 오프라인 시민참여 경험자는 약 12%, 온라인 시민참여 경험자는 약 15%, 그리고 온라인과 오프라인 시민참여를 모두 경험한 시민은 약 5% 정도인 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 시민참여와 정부신뢰와는 관계를 분석한 결과 통계적으로 유의미한 관계가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 오히려, t-test 및 분산분석 결과 오프라인 및 온라인 시민참여 경험자에 비하여 무경험자의 정부신뢰 수준이 상대적으로 약간 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 시민참여의 경험 유무 만으로 정부신뢰를 설명하는데는 한계가 있음을 보여 주는 결과일 뿐만 아니라 시민참여를 제도적으로 보장하는 것에서 나아가서 시민참여가 실질적 효과를 높일 수 있도록 시민참여과정에서 정부와 시민의 보다 적극적인 노력이 필요함을 보여주는 결과라 하겠다. Trust in government adds legitimacy to political system, provides social stability, and helps government to work effectively. In addition it increases cooperation between governments and citizens, and improves effectiveness of government affairs. However, citizens' trust in government has been quite low sine 1990s. In Korea, citizens' trust in government dropped after financial crisis in late 1990s. Various literatures indicated that citizen participation is one of the best ways to increase citizens' trust in governments. Especially as information technology increases, it is expected that citizens acquire information about different policy areas, and actively participate in surveys, discussion, and policy evaluation through internet. This research attempts to prove the relationship between citizen participation and trust in government by comparing online and offline citizen participation. The research utilized 2nd dataset from 'the influence of information on citizens' participation in policy-making.' With various statistical techniques such as frequency analysis, cross tabulation, ANOVA, and regression analysis, the characteristics of offline and online policy participants are examined. The results showed that citizens, who participate in policy-making processes more actively both online and offline, trust in government less. Comparing online and offline participation, online participants distrusted government more than offline participants. Such variables as policy competitiveness, democracy in government, quality of government, and transparency in government have direct influences on trust in government. However, citizen participation is not statistically significant. Key Words:Citizen Participation, Traditional Citizen Pariticipation, Digital Citizen Participation, Trust in Government.

Campylobacter pylori 위장내 분리위치에 따른 병원성

한왕수,한상진,김정목,조양자 대한감염학회 1989 감염 Vol.21 No.1

Compylobacter pylori may cause gastritis and has been proposed as an etiologic factor in the development of peptic ulcer. However, it is unknown where is primary colonization sites of C. pylori. Isolation sites of C. pylori in stomach and duodenum and pathology in antrum were evaluated in 90 subjects endoscoped at Hanyang University Hospital in Seoul, Korea. C. pylori detected in biopsied specimens of 40 (74%) of 54 C. pylori-positive patients at antrum only, and 13 (24%) of the same patients at antrum and body, but did not detected in duodenal biopsied specimens. Antral pathology results were chiefly found in active chronic gastritis. These findings strongly suggest that antrum is a primary colonization sites of C. pylori and the agent may be spread within stomach from the antrum.